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Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007

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Standard PHP Library (SPL) 関数

導入

SPLは、標準的な問題を解決するためのインターフェイスやクラスを集めたものです。

ヒント

SPL のより詳細なドキュメントは » こちら にあります。

インストール手順

このエクステンションは、PHP 5 ではデフォルトでコンパイルされ利用可能です。

定義済み定数

以下の定数が定義されています。 この関数の拡張モジュールが PHP 組み込みでコンパイルされているか、 実行時に動的にロードされている場合のみ使用可能です。

警告

PHP 5.1 以降、SPL はクラス定数を使用します。それより前のリリースでは、 RIT_LEAVES_ONLY のような形式のグローバル定数を使用します。

RecursiveIteratorIterator::LEAVES_ONLY (integer)
RecursiveIteratorIterator::SELF_FIRST (integer)
RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST (integer)
CachingIterator::CALL_TOSTRING (integer)
CachingIterator::CATCH_GET_CHILD (integer)

目次



ArrayIterator::current" width="11" height="7"/> <socket_write
Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
spl
chad 0x40 herballure 0x2e com
12-Dec-2007 11:57
My favorite recursive iteration solution:

<?php
$dir_iter = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($root_dir, 0);
$all_iter = new RecursiveIteratorIterator($dir_iter);

foreach ($all_iter as $abs_path => $info) {
  // your code here
}
?>

You can't just loop on $dir_iter, because it will return the exact same results as the plain DirectoryIterator. It is the RecursiveIteratorIterator that iterates over the children of the RecursiveDirectoryIterator if they're present.

Passing 0 as the flags to the RecursiveDirectoryIterator means that $info will be a RecursiveDirectoryIterator object, and then you can use the getSubPath() and getSubPathname() methods to find the directory (or directory and filename, resp.) relative to $root_dir. By default, $info is a SplFileInfo object instead, which only knows its full pathname, including $root_dir. The RecursiveDirectoryIterator extends SplFileInfo, so all those methods are still available.
prometheus - csaba dot dobai at php-sparcle dot hu
14-Sep-2007 07:32
Oops, I was take a mistake on previos post's last comment. Here it is the correct version:

<?php
/* Generated output:
1
foo
4
0=>1
1=>2
2=>3
3=>4
array
  0 => int 1
  1 => int 2
  2 => int 3
  3 => int 4
String test
*/
?>

Sorry for that, I missed to refresh my browser :)
prometheus - csaba dot dobai at php-sparcle dot hu
13-Sep-2007 06:33
This code is an example. By using classes like this, you gives a chance to create classes which extends another class but have most of the ability what a class extends ArrayObject (like multiple inheritance):

<?php

class foo
{
    public $foo = 'foo';
} // class

class foobar extends foo implements ArrayAccess,IteratorAggregate,Countable
{
    public function offsetExists($offset)
    {
        $array = array(1, 2, 3, 4);
        return array_key_exists($offset, $array);
    }
   
    public function offsetGet($offset)
    {
        $array = array(1, 2, 3, 4);
        return $array[$offset];
    }
   
    public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {
        // Makes "array" to readonly
    }
   
    public function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        // Makes "array" to readonly
    }
   
    function count()
    {
        $array = array(1, 2, 3, 4);
        return count($array);
    } // function
   
    function getArray()
    {
        return array(1, 2, 3, 4);
    } // function
   
    function getIterator()
    {
        return new ArrayIterator(array(1, 2, 3, 4));
    } // function
   
    function __toString()
    {
        return 'String test';
    } // function
} // class

$foobar = new foobar();
print $foobar[0].'<br/>';
print $foobar->foo.'<br/>';
print count($foobar).'<br/>';

foreach ($foobar as $k=>$v)
{
    print $k.'=>'.$v.'<br/>';
} // foreach

var_dump($foobar->getArray());

print $foobar;

/* Generated output:
1
foo
4
foo=>foo
array
  'foo' => string 'foo' (length=3)
String teszt
*/
?>

For proper use you must be define all these methods except getArray()

Browse SPL's sources to be a very helpful think.

ps.: sry for my english
semperluc (at) yahoo._forgot_the_rest
02-Feb-2007 06:43
<?php
/*
How to store SPL Iterator results (rather than just echo-and-forget):

The library of Iterators  are object based, so you need to trick the little rascals into an array. 
Here's how (two ways) ...

1. Explicit typecasts: $a[] = (array)$Obj->objMethod();

2. Array definition: $a[] = array( key => $Obj->objMethod() );

Examples: DirectoryIterator()
*/

// 1. explicity typecast object as array
foreach ( new DirectoryIterator('./') as $Item )
{
  $fname = (array)$Item->getFilename();
  $dir_listing[] = $fname[0];
}

//
echo "<pre>";
print_r($dir_listing); unset($dir_listing);
echo"</pre><hr />";
//

// or

// 2. define array as key => object->method
foreach ( new DirectoryIterator('./') as $Item )
{
  $dir_listing[] = array (
    "fname" => $Item->getFilename(),       
    "path" => $Item->getPathname(),
    "size" => $Item->getSize(),                   
    "mtime" => $Item->getMTime()
  );
}

//
echo "<pre>";
print_r($dir_listing); unset($dir_listing);
echo"</pre>";
//
?>
kevin at oceania dot net
07-Mar-2006 05:21
The most comprehensive of all tutorials regarding SPL has been written with some help from Marcus and can be found here.
http://www.phpro.org/tutorials/Introduction-to-SPL.html

Enjoy
ville</.>witt</a>gmail</.>com
13-Jan-2006 05:37
These to funtions has excatly the same output, the only diff. is in which directory iterator they use. I hope someone out there can use it:
<?
function listfilesin1 ($dir = ".", $depth=0) {
    echo "Dir: ".$dir."<br/>";
    foreach(new DirectoryIterator($dir) as $file) {
        if (!$file->isDot()) {
            if ($file->isDir()) {
                $newdir = $file->getPathname();
                listfilesin1($newdir, $depth+1);
            } else {
                echo "($depth)".$file->getPathname() . "<br/>";
            }
        }
    }
}
function listfilesin2 ($dir = ".", $depth=0) {
    echo "Dir: ".$dir."<br/>";
    foreach(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($dir) as $file) {
        if ($file->hasChildren(false)) {
            $newdir = $file->key();
            listfilesin2($newdir, $depth+1);
        } else {
            echo "($depth)".$file->key() . "<br/>";
        }
    }
}
listfilesin();
?>
jce at vt dot ilw dot agrl dot ethz dot ch
11-Nov-2005 04:51
You may access the ArrayObject as an array by using explicit typecasts:

class myArrayObject extends ArrayObject
{
    function getArray()
    {
        return (array) $this;
    }
}
adove at booyahnetworks dot com
11-Oct-2005 02:45
Something to note that, at least to me, seems pretty important and is not entirely clear in the documentation is the fact that the ArrayObject class supports get/set on uni-dimensional keys and get ONLY on *passed* multi-dimensional keys/paths (see source below). If you, like me, need to support array accesss overloading for multi-dimensional data, you will need to derive from ArrayObject and overide the ArrayAccess interface methods to "walk" passed data and convert embedded arrays to objects of some kind...

Reference Bug 34816 @ http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=34816.

Illustration of the issue:

$a = array(
    "test" => array(
        "one" => "dunno",
        "two" => array(
            "peekabo" => "do you see me?",
            "anyone" => array("there")
            )
        )
    );
$oArray = new ArrayObject($a);
var_dump($oArray);

$oArray["three"] = "No problems here.";

echo "\n\\test\\one == " . $oArray["test"]["one"] . "\n\n";

// NEITHER of the two below will work!
$oArray["test"]["one"] = "Yes I do!";
$oArray["test"]["yes"] = array(
    "hello" => "Goodbye!"
    );

var_dump($oArray);

---
Note from the extension author:
Actually there is RecursiveArrayObject and RecursiveArrayIterator to deal with recursive structures. However this does not always solve all multidimensional issues as expected.
helly at php dot net
25-Sep-2005 06:41
There is a RecursiveFilterIterator that makes the above code much easier. And then ther is ParentIterator thta is already a filtering recursive iterator that only accepts elements that have children, with a RecursiveDirectoryIterator as inner iterator you would obviously get only the directories. Further more it ensures that it creates the correct children. All in all you simply need to do this:

$it = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path);
$it = new ParentIterator($it);
$it = new RecursiveIteratorIteator($it);

foreach($it as $dir  => $o) { ... }
ericjr [!_ at _!] junioronline dot us
12-Jul-2005 08:57
In addition to "mastabog at hotmail dot com"`s note about the recursive directory iterator, his method skips symlinked directories, because getChildren() doesn't return true if the directory is symlinked.

To fix this, the script should always instanciate an innerInterator when dealing with symlinked directories like so:

<?
class DirectoriesOnlyIterator extends FilterIterator implements RecursiveIterator
{
   public function __construct ($path)
   {
       parent::__construct(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path));
   }

   public function accept()
   {
       return $this->getInnerIterator()->hasChildren();
   }

   public function hasChildren ()
   {
       return $this->hasChildren() || $this->isLink();
   }
  
   public function getChildren ()
   {
       return new self($this->getInnerIterator()->getPathname());
   }
}
just_somedood at yahoo dot com
28-Jun-2005 04:11
Just a follow up on dave at tunasoft's post.  To give his example of ArrayAccess use of foreach, it's easiest to implement IteratorAggregate and use the ArrayIterator object as the iterator, as below:

<?php

class Collection implements ArrayAccess,IteratorAggregate
{
    public $objectArray = Array();
    //**these are the required iterator functions   
    function offsetExists($offset)
    {         
        if(isset($this->objectArray[$offset]))  return TRUE;
        else return FALSE;         
    }   
   
    function & offsetGet($offset)
    {  
        if ($this->offsetExists($offset))  return $this->objectArray[$offset];
        else return (false);
    }
   
    function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {         
        if ($offset)  $this->objectArray[$offset] = $value;
        else  $this->objectArray[] = $value;
    }
   
    function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        unset ($this->objectArray[$offset]);
    }
   
    function & getIterator()
    {
        return new ArrayIterator($this->objectArray);
    }
    //**end required iterator functions

    public function doSomething()
    {
        echo "I'm doing something";
    }
}

?>

I LOVE the new SPL stuff in PHP.  The above allows you to have methods inside of your array, and when treated as an array the data components are returned, such as:

<?php
class Contact
{
    protected $name = NULL;

    public function set_name($name)
    {
        $this->name = $name;
    }
   
    public function get_name()
    {
        return ($this->name);
    }
}

$bob = new Collection();
$bob->doSomething();
$bob[] = new Contact();
$bob[5] = new Contact();
$bob[0]->set_name("Superman");
$bob[5]->set_name("a name of a guy");

foreach ($bob as $aContact)
{
     echo $aContact->get_name() . "\r\n";
}
?>

Would work just fine.  This make code so much simpler and easy to follow, it's great.  This is exactly the direction I had hoped PHP5 was going!
zaufi at sendmail dot ru
17-Apr-2005 11:24
I'v done with my PluginsManager... Sample code to use plugins may looks lije this:
<?php
require_once('lib/plugins-manager.inc.php');

// Load and use conctere plugin module
$p = new Plugin('test.class.php');
$test = $p->class_factory('test', 1, 2);
$test->foo();

// ... oneliner ;)
$p = $pm['test.class.php']->class_factory('test', 1, 2)->foo();

// Scan for plugable modules, construct an instance and call foo()
$pm = new PluginsManager('.');
foreach ($pm as $p)
{
    $p->class_factory('test', 1, 2)->foo();
}

?>

You may download php files at my tw.o page: http://tikiwiki.org/tiki-index.php?page=UserPagezaufi (see page attachments below)
<nospam>mike[ at ]emesdee.net</nospam>
23-Nov-2004 05:47
Excelent article here by Harry Fuecks...

http://www.sitepoint.com/print/php5-standard-library

and some auto generated documentation that could be of some use here...

http://www.php.net/~helly/php/ext/spl/index.html
mastabog at hotmail dot com
18-Aug-2004 06:41
Marcus Boerger has done a wonderful job developing the SPL. He also provided many examples using the SPL that can be found in the php5 sources. Just unpack the sources and in the ext/spl/examples directory you have some very nice ones. Thank you Marcus for all your efforts!

Now, a contribution of mine (i think it will be implemented later anyway). The RecursiveIteratorIterator could use a depth limit option. Very useful in many situations (e.g. show just the 1st subdirectory of a list of dirs). I'm sure this can be done in other ways. Here's my 2 cents:

<?php
/**
 * Limit Depth RecursiveIteratorIterator class
 *
 */
class LimitRecursiveIteratorIterator extends RecursiveIteratorIterator
{
    protected $depth_limit;

    /**
     * No depth limit by default
     *
    **/
    public function __construct (Iterator $it, $mode = RIT_SELF_FIRST, $depth_limit = -1)
    {
        parent::__construct($it, $mode);
        $this->depth_limit = $depth_limit;
    }

    /**
     * After the call to next() if depth is bigger than limit then
     * just skip all subIterators for that depth until depth end.
     *
    **/
    public function next ()
    {
        parent::next();

        if ($this->getDepth() == $this->depth_limit)
        {
            while ($this->getSubIterator()->valid())
                $this->getSubIterator()->next();
            parent::next();
        }
    }
}
?>

Then you can try this:

<?php
/**
 * Directories only filter iterator class
 *
 */
class DirectoriesOnlyIterator extends FilterIterator implements RecursiveIterator
{
    public function __construct ($path)
    {
        parent::__construct(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path));
    }

    public function accept()
    {
        return $this->getInnerIterator()->hasChildren();
    }

    public function hasChildren ()
    {
        return $this->getInnerIterator()->hasChildren();
    }
   
    public function getChildren ()
    {
        return new self($this->getInnerIterator()->getPathname());
    }
}

$it = new LimitRecursiveIteratorIterator(new DirectoriesOnlyIterator('c:'), RIT_SELF_FIRST, 2);

// list all dirs and 1st subdir of the c: drive (might take a while depending on how many you have)
foreach ($it as $key => $value)
{
    echo str_repeat('    ', $it->getDepth()) . "$value\n";
}

?>

This is considerably faster than using just the RecursiveIteratorIterator and ignoring yourself in the foreach loop the values for depth > limit (i.e. if($it->getDepth() > $limit) continue;). that is because the class will still parse everything up to the last depth level of every head node.

You can then play and display nice trees (might need a while() loop or the CachingRecursiveIterator to detect end nodes/leafs). There is already an example provided by Marcus in the ext/spl/examples dir i mentioned above.

Happy SPL-ing :),
Bogdan

P.S. I think some of the classes should call rewind() at instantiation time ... If you try to put a Caching* object in a foreach loop you will lose the first/last element. Instead, you should call rewind() and then go with a while($cit->valid()) loop and using current() and key() inside it.
dave at tunasoft dot com
10-Aug-2004 10:28
There are some interfaces used here that are not documented.  It took a bit to figure this one out, but you can create your own ArrayObject type class (that is, one who's objects can be access using the array [$index] syntax).

Your class must just implement ArrayAccess.  Which has four abstract methods you must define.  For example:

<?php
    class Collection Implements ArrayAccess{
   
        protected $array;
       
        function offsetExists($offset){
           
            if(isset($this->array[$offset])){
                return TRUE;
            }
            else{
                return FALSE;
            }
           
        }
       
        function offsetGet($offset){
           
            return $this->array[$offset];
           
        }
       
        function offsetSet($offset, $value){
           
            if($offset){
                $this->array[$offset] = $value;
            }
            else{
                $this->array[] = $value;
            }
       
        }
       
        function offsetUnset($offset){
       
        }
   
   
    }
?>

You'll have to jump through a couple more hoops to get foreach and print_r and the likes to behave properly.  But with just this, you can :

<?php
      $col = new Collction();
      $col[] = new ObjectX();
      $col[] = new ObjectX(123);

      echo $col[0]->name;
      // etc.
?>
phil &ampersat; flatnet.net
18-Apr-2004 07:11
Here's a sample implementation of the RecursiveDirectoryIterator class. It prints a simple treeview of a given directory:
<?php
function recurse($it) {
   echo '<ul>';
   for( ; $it->valid(); $it->next()) {
       if($it->isDir() && !$it->isDot()) {
           printf('<li class="dir">%s</li>', $it->current());
           if($it->hasChildren()) {
               $bleh = $it->getChildren();
               echo '<ul>' . recurse($bleh) . '</ul>';
           }
       } elseif($it->isFile()) {
           echo '<li class="file">'. $it->current() . ' (' . $it->getSize(). ' Bytes)</li>';
       }
   }
   echo '</ul>';
}

recurse(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator('D:/'));
?>
add a note add a note

ArrayIterator::current" width="11" height="7"/> <socket_write
Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007
 
 
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