Retroflexとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin rētrōflexus, the perfect participle of rētrōflectō (“bend, turn”), from flectō (“bend, turn”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɹɛt.ɹəʊ.flɛks/, /ˈɹɛt.ɹə.flɛks/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈɹɛt.ɹoʊ.flɛks/, /ˈɹɛt.ɹə.flɛks/
• (Indic) IPA: /ɾɛʈɾoflɛks/

形容詞

retroflex (comparative more retroflex, superlative most retroflex)

1. Bent or curved backwards.

   Synonyms: retroflexed, retroflexive, reflexed, reflected

   Antonyms: nonretroflex, unretroflexed

2. (phonetics) Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue is raised and bent backwards, so that the underside of the tongue approaches or touches the palate.

   Near-synonyms: subapical, palatal

   • 2015 December 4, “Discrimination of Multiple Coronal Stop Contrasts in Wubuy (Australia): A Natural Referent Consonant Account”, in PLOS ONE‎, →DOI:

     In the case of the Wubuy alveolar versus retroflex contrast for instance, we argue that the phonetic overlap is so great that native listeners can behave as if this were an instance of a good and a 'less good' instance of a single category (CG).

3. (phonetics) Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue approaches or touches the back of the alveolar ridge.

   Near-synonyms: apical, postalveolar

4. (phonetics) Of pronunciation in which the blade of the tongue approaches or touches the back of the alveolar ridge.

   Near-synonyms: laminal, postalveolar

5. (phonetics, general sense) Of any of the aforementioned pronunciations.

   Synonyms: cacuminal (dated), cerebral (obsolete)

   Near-synonym: rhotic

派生語

関連する語

名詞

retroflex (plural retroflexes)

1. (phonetics) A consonant pronounced with the underside of the tongue approaching or touching the palate.
2. (phonetics) A consonant pronounced with the tip of the tongue approaching or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.
3. (phonetics) A consonant pronounced with the blade of the tongue approaching or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.
4. (phonetics, general sense) Any of the aforementioned consonants.

動詞

retroflex (third-person singular simple present retroflexes, present participle retroflexing, simple past and past participle retroflexed)

1. (transitive) To bend or curve backwards.
   • 2010, Stephen Nicholls, Stephen Worthley, Cardiovascular Imaging for Clinical Practice, page 123:

     […] retroflexing the endoscope tip and mechanically rotating the transducer.

参考

• Retroflex consonant on Wikipedia.Wikipedia