Alcoholとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/14 22:43 UTC 版)

語源

First attested in the 15th century from 中期英語 alcofol, from Middle French alcohol or Spanish alcohol, derived from the Medieval Latin rendering alcohol transmitted in medical or alchemical literature of Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”), which in Andalusian Arabic also bore the form كُحُول (kuḥūl), قُحُول (quḥūl); bearing thus the meaning of stibnite first, then generalized in meaning to a powder obtained by triturating a material, then also to liquids obtained by boiling down, and specialized to mean spirit of wine, ethanol, in the 18th century, then the narrow chemical sense after 1850. Doublet of alcool and kohl.

発音

(英国発音) IPA: /ˈæl.kə.hɒl/
(米国発音) IPA: /ˈæl.kə.hɔl/, /ˈæl.kə.hɑl/
- (米国発音, nonstandard) IPA: /ˈɑl.kə.hɔl/, /ˈɑl.kə.hɑl/
(Indic) IPA: /ˈal.kɵ.hɔl/, /ˈɑl.kɵ.hɔl/, /əl.kɵˈhɔl/, /æl.kɔː.ɦɔːl/, /əl.kʊ.ɦʊl/
ハイフネーション: al‧co‧hol

名詞

alcohol (countable and uncountable, plural alcohols)

(organic chemistry, countable) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).
(pharmacology, colloquial) Ethanol.
- 2012 September 26, Jacque Wilson, “Experts: Alcohol enemas ‘extremely dangerous’”, in CNN‎:
  
  Our stomachs and livers have an enzyme known as alcohol dehydrogenase that breaks down ethanol to make it less toxic for our bodies, said Atlanta gastroenterologist Dr. Preston Stewart.
(uncountable) Beverages containing ethanol, collectively.
- 2013 June 22, “Snakes and ladders”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8841, archived from the original on 24 August 2019, page 76:
  
  Risk is everywhere. From tabloid headlines insisting that coffee causes cancer (yesterday, of course, it cured it) to stern government warnings about alcohol and driving, the world is teeming with goblins.
(obsolete) Any very fine powder.

同意語

See also Thesaurus:alcoholic beverage

派生語

派生した語

→ Arabic: كُحُول (kuḥūl)
→ Korean: 알코올 (alkool), 알콜 (alkol)
→ Malay: alkohol
→ Swahili: alkoholi
→ Tok Pisin: alkohol

参照

^ “Etymology of Alcohol”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, 31 December 2008 (last accessed), archived from the original on 10 June 2011
^ Nicolae Sfetcu, Health & Drugs: Disease, Prescription & Medication (2014)

ラテン語

語源

From Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥūl), اَلْقُحُول (al-quḥūl), earlier اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈaɫ.ko.(ɦ)ɔɫ]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈal.ko.ol]

名詞

alcohol n (genitive alcohōlis); third declension

(Medieval Latin) kohl, collyrium, stibium
(Medieval Latin) any other powder obtained from triturating a material

alcohol ferrī ― rubbed file dust of iron
(Medieval Latin) distilled essence, spirit
(Medieval Latin) alcohol

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	alcohol	alcohōla
genitive	alcohōlis	alcohōlum
dative	alcohōlī	alcohōlibus
accusative	alcohol	alcohōla
ablative	alcohōle	alcohōlibus
vocative	alcohol	alcohōla

派生語

alcoholicus

派生した語

→ Albanian: alkool
→ Armenian: ալկոհոլ (alkohol)
→ Asturian: alcohol
→ Catalan: alcohol
→ Dutch: alcohol, alkohol (superseded)
- Afrikaans: alkohol
- → Indonesian: alkohol
- → Japanese: アルコール (arukōru)
  - → Pohnpeian: ahrkohl
→ Esperanto: alkoholo
- → Ido: alkoholo
→ Old French: alcohol
- Middle French: alcohol
  - French: alcohol, alcool, alcohol (obsolete)
    - Haitian Creole: alkòl
    - Mauritian Creole: lalkol
    - Seychellois Creole: lalkol
    - → English: alcool
    - → Khmer: អាកុល (ʼaakol)
    - → Malagasy: alkola
    - →? Norman: alcool
    - → Romanian: alcool
    - → Ottoman Turkish: آلقول (alkol)
    - → Turkish: alkol
    - → Persian: الکل (alkol)
    - → Vietnamese: ancol, cồn
  - → Middle English: alcofol
    - English: alcohol
      - → Arabic: كُحُول (kuḥūl)
      - → Korean: 알코올 (alkool), 알콜 (alkol)
      - → Malay: alkohol
      - → Swahili: alkoholi
      - → Tok Pisin: alkohol
→ Galician: alcohol
→ German: Alkohol, Alcohol (obsolete)
- → Czech: alkohol
- → Danish: alkohol
- → Estonian: alkohol
- → Georgian: ალკოჰოლი (alḳoholi)
- → Hungarian: alkohol
- → Latvian: alkohols
- → Lithuanian: alkohòlis
- → Luxembourgish: Alkohol
- → Norwegian Bokmål: alkohol
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: alkohol
- → Polish: alkohol
- → Russian: алкого́ль (alkogólʹ)
- → Swedish: alkohol
→ Hebrew: אַלְכּוֹהוֹל
→ Interlingua: alcohol
→ Italian: alcool, alcol
→ Kazakh: алкоголь (alkogol)
→ Norwegian Bokmål: alkohol
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: alkohol
→ Portuguese: álcool
→ Romanian: alcool
→ Russian: алкоголь (alkogolʹ)
→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: àlkohol

Cyrillic script: а̀лкохол
→ Slovak: alkohol
→ Slovene: alkohọ̑l
→ Ukrainian: алкоголь (alkoholʹ)
→ Spanish: alcohol
- → Basque: alkohol
- → Quechua: alkul

参照

alcohol in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

[1] “Etymology of Alcohol”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, 31 December 2008 (last accessed), archived from the original on 10 June 2011

[2] Nicolae Sfetcu, Health & Drugs: Disease, Prescription & Medication (2014)


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語源

発音

名詞

同意語

派生語

派生した語

参照

語源

発音

名詞

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

参照

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「Alcohol」を含む例文一覧

Alcoholとは意味・読み方・使い方

Alcoholの
品詞ごとの意味や使い方

Alcoholの
変形一覧