Algorithmとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• algorism (obsolete), augrim (obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 algorisme, augrym, from Anglo-Norman algorisme, augrim, from Medieval Latin algorismus, from Arabic الخَوَارِزْمِيّ (al-ḵawārizmiyy), the nisba of Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī and a toponymic name meaning "person from Chorasmia". The spelling change (-s- > -th-) was influenced by unrelated Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) (whence English arithmo-).

発音

• IPA: /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, [ˈæɫɡəɹɪðm̩]
• (Indic) IPA: /əlˈɡɔrɪd̪ʱm̩/, /əlɡɵˈrɪd̪ʱm̩/
• ハイフネーション 英国発音: al‧gorithm, 米国発音: al‧go‧rithm

名詞

algorithm (countable and uncountable, plural algorithms)

1. (countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps.
   • 1990, Cormen, Leiserson, and Rivest, Introduction to Algorithms: page 1. Cambridge, MA, The MIT Press, 1999 (23rd printing)

     Informally, an algorithm is any well-defined computational procedure that takes some value, or set of values, as input and produces some value, or set of values, as output. An algorithm is thus a sequence of computational steps that transform the input into the output.

   • 2010, Aaron Sorkin, The Social Network:

     Mark Zuckerberg: No, I need the algorithm you used to rank chess players. / Eduardo Saverin: Are you OK? / Mark Zuckerberg: We're ranking girls.

   • 2013 July 26, Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 189, number 7, page 26:

     The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives. And, as their ubiquity spreads, so too does the debate around whether we should allow ourselves to become so reliant on them – and who, if anyone, is policing their use.

   • 2018 June 25, Sam Jones, “Ex-Nato chief refused visa waiver to US because of Iran trips”, in The Guardian:

     It’s a computer – an algorithm – and if you’ve been in Iran lately, they take you out of the system.

2. (loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.
   • 2023, Lee SG, Blood AJ, Cannon CP, Gordon WJ, Nichols H, Zelle D, Scirica BM, Fisher NDL, “Remote cardiovascular hypertension program enhanced blood pressure control during the COVID-19 pandemic”, in J Am Heart Assoc, volume 12, number 6, →DOI, →PMID, page e027296:

     This retrospective observational analysis evaluated BP [blood pressure] control in an entirely remote management program before and during the pandemic. A team of pharmacists, nurse practitioners, physicians, and nonlicensed navigators used an evidence‐based clinical algorithm to optimize hypertensive treatment. The algorithm was adapted during the pandemic to simplify BP control.

3. (uncountable, obsolete) Calculation with Arabic numerals; algorism.
4. (social media, metonymic) recommender systems and the curation of feeds
   1. (usually preceded by definite article "the") software that makes content display determinations on a platform, in totality of effect upon all end users (within a potential audience).
   2. (informal, by extension of above) the influenced zeitgeist: e.g. what content ends up trending or viral, what persons become a main character or cancelled
      • 2018 February 26, Tad Friend, quoting Donald Glover, “Donald Glover Can’t Save You”, in The New Yorker‎:

        Glover began his acceptance speech by saying, “First, I want to thank the great algorithm that put us all here.”

   3. (informal, usually preceded by a possessive determiner) the actual personalized selections of content seen by specific user(s), the microtargeting to which they are subject

      Hyponym: filter bubble

      • 2024 October 23, Ben Rhodes, “Trump Blames Zelensky for War, Sucks Up to Saudis” (23:52 from the start), in Pod Save the World‎ (podcast):

        … you and I probably didn't run across that in our algorithm, but that doesn't mean that a lot of people aren't gonna run across garbage like that in their algorithms in the next couple weeks…

下位語

等位語

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• → Bengali: অ্যালগরিদম (êlogridom)
• → Danish: algoritme
• → Japanese: アルゴリズム (arugorizumu)
• → Korean: 알고리즘 (algorijeum), 알고리듬 (algorideum)
• → Portuguese: algoritmo

参考

参照

アナグラム

• logarithm, mithralog