Mensとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

mens

1. (nonstandard, African-American Vernacular) Alternative form of men (“plural of man”).
2. Obsolete form of men's.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 21:26:

     Mens hearts failing them for feare, and for looking after those things which are comming on the earth; For the powers of heauen shall be shaken.

   • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:

     A thousand fantasies
     Begin to throng into my memory
     Of calling shapes, and beckning shadows dire,
     And airy tongues, that syllable mens names
     On Sands, and Shoars, and desert Wildernesses.

   • c. 1670s (date written), Thomas Brown [i.e., Thomas Browne], “Sect[ion] II”, in John Jeffery, editor, Christian Morals, […], Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] [A]t the University-Press, for Cornelius Crownfield printer to the University; and are to be sold by Mr. Knapton […]; and Mr. [John] Morphew […], published 1716, →OCLC, part II, pages 46–47:

     Bring candid Eyes unto the peruſal of mens works, and let not Zoiliſm or Detraction blaſt well intended labours.

3. Misspelling of men's.

参考

• womens
• peoples
• menz

語源 2

名詞

mens

1. (Philippines, biology, colloquial) Clipping of menstruation.

参考

• mens rea (etymologically unrelated)

アナグラム

• NEMS, nems

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈmẽːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈmɛns]

名詞

mēns f (genitive mentis); third declension

1. mind
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.39:

     “Nec venit in mentem quōrum cōnsēderis arvīs?”

     “Does it not come into [your] mind [the sort of people] whose lands you have settled?”
     (Idiomatic translations vary – Mackail, 1885: “nor does it cross thy mind”; Knight, 1956: “you should remember”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “have you forgotten”; Fitzgerald, 1981: “have you considered”; Fagles, 2006: “don’t you recall”; Ahl, 2007: “aren’t you concerned about”; Bartsch, 2020: “do you forget”.)

2. intellect, reason
3. reasoning, judgement
4. heart, conscience (seat of the thoughts and will)
5. disposition

   Synonyms: indolēs, ingenium, habitus, nātūra, character

   • 121 CE, Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars Caligulae:

     hominum erga se mentes

     the dispositions of men toward him

6. thought, plan, purpose, intention

   Synonyms: voluntās, intentiō, propositum, cōnsilium, fīnis, animus

使用する際の注意点

Could be combined with an adjective in an ablative absolute expressing one's state of mind or intention, as in Catullus' obstinata mente perfer "endure it with a resolute mind" or Virgil's simulata mente locutam "spoken with false purpose". In some cases the combination simply expresses the manner in which a (mental) action is performed, as in Ovid's male sit tacita mente precare viro "silently pray for misfortune to befall her husband". Eventually this became a generalized adverbial construction, with clear examples documented by at least the eighth century AD (alterā mente "otherwise", sōlā mente "only") whence the Romance adverbial suffixes of the -mente type.

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

関連する語

• meminī

派生した語

Nouns:

Adverbial suffixes (see usage notes above):

参照

Further reading

• “mens”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mens”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “mens”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to attract universal attention: omnium animos or mentes in se convertere
    
  • to free one's mind from the influences of the senses: sevocare mentem a sensibus (De Nat. D. 3. 8. 21)
    
  • to be out of one's mind: mente captum esse, mente alienata esse
    
  • to possess great ability: intellegentia or mente multum valere
    
  • to grasp a thing mentally: animo, mente, cogitatione aliquid comprehendere, complecti
    
  • something comes into my mind: mihi in mentem venit alicuius rei
    
  • to fix all one's thoughts on an object: mentem in aliqua re defigere
    
  • to think over, consider a thing: agitare (in) mente or (in) animo aliquid
    
  • with the intention of..: eo consilio, ea mente, ut
    
  • nothing will ever make me forgetful of him: semper memoria eius in (omnium) mentibus haerebit
    
  • a man's soul breathes through his writings: alicuius mens in scriptis spirat
    
  • to upset a person: alicuius mentem turbare, conturbare, perturbare
    
  • to compose oneself with difficulty: mente vix constare (Tusc. 4. 17. 39)
    
  • to be calm, self-possessed: mente consistere
    
  • a good conscience: mens bene sibi conscia
    
  • to be tormented by remorse: (mens scelerum furiis agitatur)
    
  • superstition has taken possession of their souls: superstitio mentes occupavit (Verr. 4. 51. 113)
    
  • (ambiguous) to see with the mind's eye: oculis mentis videre aliquid
    
  • (ambiguous) to be of sane mind: mentis compotem esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be of sound mind: sanae mentis esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to obscure the mental vision: mentis quasi luminibus officere (vid. sect. XIII. 6) or animo caliginem offundere
    
  • (ambiguous) innate ideas: notiones animo (menti) insitae, innatae
    
  • (ambiguous) to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted: de statu suo or mentis deici (Att. 16. 15)
    
  • (ambiguous) to lose one's head, be beside oneself: sui (mentis) compotem non esse
    
  • (ambiguous) enthusiasm: ardor, inflammatio animi, incitatio mentis, mentis vis incitatior
    
• “mens”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mens in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “mens”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray