possibilistとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

possibilist (plural possibilists)

1. (philosophy) Someone who advocates possibilism, the position that things do not need to actually exist in order to have properties.
   • 2015 January 8, Leo Carton Mollica, “Explanation and nowness: an objection to the A-Theory”, in Philosophical Studies, →DOI:

     Unless the actualist can adduce reasons to believe an explanation for @’s actuality, therefore, she will be at a disadvantage to the possibilist who believes all worlds to be on metaphysical par.

2. (socialism, historical) A socialist who advocates focusing on small, achievable forms of immediate progress rather than an all-or-nothing commitment to revolution.
   • 1991, Gary P. Steenson, After Marx, Before Lenin‎, page 130:

     As early as 1881, the possibilists had won considerable backing in Parisian municipal elections;

3. (philosophy) Someone who neither hopes without reason, nor fears without reason. Someone who uses analysis of data to understand the relative probability of future possibilities, instead of relying on intuition, emotions, personal experience, dogma, superstition, mainstream thought, or mental models (e.g., pessimism or optimism).
   • 2017, Hans Rosling, Ola Rosling, Anna Rosling Ronnlund, Factfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About the World – and Why Things Are Better Than You Think‎:

     People often call me an optimist, because I show them the enormous progress they didn't know about. That makes me angry. I'm not an optimist. That makes me sound naive. I'm a very serious “possibilist”. That’s something I made up. It means someone who neither hopes without reason, nor fears without reason, someone who constantly resists the overdramatic worldview. As a possibilist, I see all this progress, and it fills me with conviction and hope that further progress is possible. This is not optimistic. It is having a clear and reasonable idea about how things are. It is having a worldview that is constructive and useful.;

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “someone who believes that things do not need to exist in order to have properties”): actualist
• (antonym(s) of “reformist socialist”): impossibilist; revolutionary

関連する語

• possibilism