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Wiktionary英語版での「ravis」の意味 |
ravis
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/02/23 20:48 UTC 版)
語源 1
From rāvus (“hoarse”) + -is, the first component from Proto-Italic *rawos (compare Latin raucus), of uncertain further origin. Proposed derivations include:
- From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to shout, to roar”). Cognates include Latin rūmor (“noise”), Latvian rukt (“to shout”), Proto-Slavic *řuti (“to roar”), Sanskrit रव (rava, “roaring, howling”), Avestan 𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬋 (uruuatō, “roaring”), Ancient Greek ὠρύομαι (ōrúomai, “to howl, roar”). This derivation is preferred by De Vaan, due to connecting more cleanly to cognates outside of Italic, as well as yielding a more satisfying explanation for the -a- vowel.
- From earlier Proto-Indo-European *Hr̥h₁-wó-, from a root *Hreh₁- (“to shout, sound”); compare Sanskrit राय॑ति (rā́yati, “to bark”) (< Proto-Iranian *HraH-ya-) and Old Norse rámr (“hoarse”) (< Proto-Germanic *rēmaz), though these also have alternative explanations.
- Onomatopoeic.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈraː.wɪs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈraː.vis]
使用する際の注意点
- Only found in the accusative singular.
語形変化
Third-declension noun (pure i-stem), singular only.
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | rāvis |
| genitive | rāvis |
| dative | rāvī |
| accusative | rāvim |
| ablative | rāvī |
| vocative | rāvis |
派生語
- raucus
- raviō
語源 2
形容詞
rāvīs
- dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of rāvus
参照
- ^ Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954), “ravus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 421
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ravus (> Derivatives > ravis)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 515
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 275–276
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*rēma-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 409
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