syriaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 Sirie, from Latin Sȳria, from Ancient Greek Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Sŭrĭ́ā), apheretic form of Ἀσσυρία (Assuría, “Assyria”), from Akkadian 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”).

The land corresponding to modern Syria was originally called Aram by its ancient inhabitants, the Arameans. After the Assyrian conquest of Aram, the Greeks applied the name Syria to this territory. Over time, Syria came to denote the broader Levant, while Assyria referred to Mesopotamia. Herodotus (5th century BCE) was among the earliest Greek authors to consistently distinguish Syria and Assyria. After his time, some classical writers occasionally blurred the distinction. Nevertheless, educated writers and administrative usage gradually preserved the distinction, with Syria referring to the Levant and Assyria to Mesopotamia.

発音

• enPR: sĭrʹē-ə, IPA: /ˈsɪɹi.ə/
• ハイフネーション: Syr‧ia
• 韻: -ɪɹiə

固有名詞

Syria

1. A country in West Asia in the Middle East. Official name: Syrian Arab Republic. Capital: Damascus.
   • 2011 December 31, “Syrian opposition group: More than 5,800 died in 2011”, in CNN‎:

     Representatives of the Syrian National Council and the National Coordination Body for Democratic Change in Syria signed an agreement late Friday in Cairo for a transition in a post-Assad era, the NCB said on its Facebook page.

2. (historical) A historical region of West Asia, extending from modern-day southeast Turkey to the north, the Euphrates and Arabian Desert to the east, the Sinai Peninsula to the south, and the Mediterranean sea to the west.

   Synonyms: Greater Syria, Levant, Syria-Palestine

   • 1866, Carl Ritter, translated by William L. Gage, Comparative Geography of Palestine and the Sinaitic Peninsula‎, volume II, New York: D. Appleton and Co., page 11:

     The belt which runs along the eastern frontier from north to south, traversing all Syria from the extreme limits of the Taurus to the Sinai desert, is not remarkable for any marked grandeur in its physical features, and is tolerably uniform in its characteristics, being made up to a considerable extent of a broad plateau of steppe land, rock and sand and debris being freely intermingled in its formation, and forming an immeasurable succession of high plains, whose effect is manifest in the course of the Euphrates, which has been driven to the eastward thereby, and removed from the immediate neighbourhood of the Mediterranean Sea.

3. (historical) An ancient Roman province between 64 BCE and 198 CE.

派生語

関連する語

参考

• Aram
• Countries of the world

• United Arab Republic

参照

Further reading

• Syria on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• syair

発音

• IPA: /ˈsy.ri.ɑ/

固有名詞

Syria m

1. Syria

語形変化

Weak:

語源

Borrowed from the Ancient Greek Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Sŭrĭ́ā, “Syria”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsy.ri.a]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsiː.ri.a]
• Older: (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsʊ.ri.a]
• Newer: (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsɪ.ri.a]

固有名詞

Syria f sg (genitive Syriae); first declension

1. (historical) Syria (a historical region of West Asia, extending from modern-day southeast Turkey to the north, the Euphrates and Arabian Desert to the east, the Sinai Peninsula to the south, and the Mediterranean sea to the west)
2. (historical) Syria (an ancient Roman province between 64 BCE and 198 CE)
3. (transferred sense) Assyria
4. (New Latin) Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)

語形変化

First-declension noun, singular only.

派生語

派生した語

• Asturian: Siria
• Catalan: Síria
• Old French: Sirie, Surie
  • French: Syrie
  • Norman: Syrie
  • Middle English: Sirie
    • English: Syria
• → Old English: Syria
• Italian: Siria
• Old Galician-Portuguese: Siria, Syria
  • Fala: Siria
  • Galician: Siria
  • Portuguese: Síria, Syria (pre-standardization spelling)
    • → Hunsrik: Siria
• Romanian: Siria
• Spanish: Siria

Further reading

• “Sȳrĭa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Syria”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “Syria”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎
• “Syria”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Syria”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly