scurnenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Unclear; there are multiple possibilities, though none is entirely convincing:

• A borrowing from Old French eschurnir, escornir, variant of escharnir, possibly from a zero-grade variant of that verb's Germanic etymon. However, these forms may have been reborrowed from 中期英語 scornen (“to scorn”) or even scurnen itself.
• A blend of scornen +‎ schonen (“to shun”) and/or spurnen (“to trip”).
• An adaptation of scornen as it underwent interdialectal borrowing into Northern 中期英語: the phontactically non-Northern sequence /ɔːrn/ would have been adapted as /oːrn/ before either undergoing the Northern change of /oː/ to /yː/ or the same development to /u/ as in Scots curn (“corn”).
• Strandberg believes this verb is a metathesis of *scon(e)ren, itself from *sconen (perhaps a lost North Germanic cognate of schonen) + -eren. Incidentally, he claims that this verb must have had short /u/ on the basis of rhymes with turnen and burn (“brook, stream”), but inexact rhymes are not inconceivable.

発音

• IPA: /ˈskurnən/, /ˈskyːrnən/ (unclear; either is possible), /ˈʃ-/ (variation between /ˈʃ-/ and /ˈsk-/ can be postulated regardless of the etymology adopted)

動詞

scurnen (third-person singular simple present scurneth, present participle scurnende, scurnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle scurned) (chiefly Northern)

1. To be afraid or scared (to do something).
2. (rare) To sidestep or dodge an attack.

Conjugation

参照