shysterとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

US origin, 19th century. The etymology of the word is not generally agreed upon. The Oxford English Dictionary describes it as "of obscure origin," possibly deriving from a historical sense of shy meaning "disreputable", equivalent to shy +‎ -ster. Other sources suggest the word derives from the German Scheißer (“incompetent worthless person”), from scheißen (“to defecate”), probably influenced by -ster. Not related to shylock.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈʃaɪs.tə(ɹ)/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈʃaɪs.tɚ/

名詞

shyster (plural shysters)

1. Someone who acts in a disreputable, unethical, or unscrupulous way, especially in the practice of law and politics.

   Synonym: pettifogger

   • 1922, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 4, in Babbitt, New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace and Company, →OCLC:

     True, it was a good advertisement at Boosters' Club lunches, and all the varieties of Annual Banquets to which Good Fellows were invited, to speak sonorously of […] a thing called Ethics, whose nature was confusing but if you had it you were a High-class Realtor and if you hadn't you were a shyster, a piker, and a fly-by-night.

   • 1973, Lucas Webb, Stribling, page 188:

     The network canceled—nonco-operation their legal shysters said. Suing me, for, for ten million clams, damages to sponsors, agencies. Internal Revenue-Uncle Whiskers says I owe them a mint.

   • 1981, Blake Edwards, S.O.B. (motion picture), spoken by Dr. Irving Finegarten (Robert Preston):

     I could sue you, Polly. A shyster is a disreputable lawyer. I'm a quack.

派生語

• sheisty
• shysterism

動詞

shyster (third-person singular simple present shysters, present participle shystering, simple past and past participle shystered)

1. (intransitive) To act in a disreputable, unethical, or unscrupulous way, especially in the practice of law and politics.
2. (transitive) To exploit (someone or something) in this way.

参照

• “shyster”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “shyster n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present
• Eric Partridge (2005) “shyster”, in Tom Dalzell and Terry Victor, editors, The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, volume 2 (J–Z), London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 1746.
• Michael Quinion (1996–2024) “Shyster”, in World Wide Words.

アナグラム

• thyrses