umboとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Latin umbō (“a shield boss”). Doublet of umbone.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈʌm.bəʊ/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈʌm.boʊ/
• 韻: -ʌmbəʊ

名詞

umbo (plural umbones or umbos or umboes)

1. (historical) The boss of a shield, at or near the middle and usually projecting, sometimes in a sharp spike.
   • 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page xii:

     It is thirteen inches diameter, made of wood covered with leather, and an iron plate decorated with nails and mouldings; the boss or umbo projects four inches.

   • 2023 March 21, Virginia Heffernan, “I Saw the Face of God in a Semiconductor Factory”, in WIRED‎:

     serves as the umbo of the region’s so-called Silicon Shield

2. (biology) A boss, or rounded elevation, or a corresponding depression, in a palate, disk, or membrane.
   1. (anatomy) An inward projection of the tympanic membrane of the ear.
   2. (zoology) One of the lateral prominences just above the hinge of a bivalve shell.
   3. (mycology) A bump or protrusion on the cap of a mushroom or toadstool.

派生語

• umbonal
• umbonic

参考

• boss

参照

• “umbo”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “umbo”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

アナグラム

• ombu

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈʊm.boː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈum.bo]

名詞

umbō m (genitive umbōnis); third declension

1. boss (of a shield, etc.)
2. elbow (or similar projecting part)

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

関連する語

• umbilicus

派生した語

• → English: umbo (learned)
• → Italian: umbone (learned)
  • → English: umbone (learned)
• ⇒ Translingual: Umbonium

参照

Further reading

• “umbo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “umbo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “umbo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “umbo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “umbo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin