cultusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /ˈkʌl.təs/

名詞

cultus (plural cultuses)

1. Established or accepted religious rites or customs of worship; state of religious development.
   • 1879, F. D. Morice, Pindar, chapter 8, page 124:

     Among the rituals which members of their family had inaugurated in other states of Greece, was a peculiar cultus of Hermes (Mercury) at Stymphalus in Arcadia.

参考

• cultus cod (different etymology)

参照

• “cultus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

語源 1

Perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate; worship”).

Participle

cultus (feminine culta, neuter cultum, comparative cultior, superlative cultissimus); first/second-declension participle

1. tilled, cultivated, having been cultivated
2. protected, nurtured, having been protected
3. (figuratively) worshipped, honored, having been worshipped
4. (figuratively) dressed, clothed, adorned, having been adorned
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.538:

     cultaque diffūsīs saltat amīca comīs

     and the fashionably dressed girlfriend is dancing with her hair undone

     (literally, “having been adorned, the girlfriend is dancing with her hair undone”)

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生した語

• → Catalan: culte
• Italian: colto
• Sicilian: curtu
• Spanish: culto
• Portuguese: culto, cultivado

語源 2

名詞

cultus m (genitive cultūs); fourth declension

1. cultivation, tilling (the act of tilling or cultivating)
2. honoring; worship, reverence, adoration, veneration; loyalty (the act of showing honor or giving worship to)
3. cult, sect (a religious group)
4. civilization, culture, style; elegance, polish, refinement (care directed to the refinement of life, cultural pursuit)
5. style of dress, external appearance, clothing, attire; ornament, decoration, splendor
6. (rare) labor, care, cultivation, culture
7. (rare) training, education, culture

   Synonym: disciplīna

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

関連する語

派生した語

参照

• “cultus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cultus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cultus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cultus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • mental culture: animi, ingenii cultus (not cultura)
    
  • to be quite uncivilised: omnis cultus et humanitatis expertem esse
    
  • to be quite uncivilised: ab omni cultu et humanitate longe abesse (B. G. 1. 1. 3)
    
  • worship of the gods; divine service: cultus dei, deorum (N. D. 2. 3. 8)
    
  • (ambiguous) to civilise men, a nation: homines, gentem a fera agrestique vita ad humanum cultum civilemque deducere (De Or. 1. 8. 33)