caesuraとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• cesura
• cæsura (archaic)

語源

Latin caesūra (“cutting, hewing”), from caesus, perfect passive participle of caedō (“I cut down, hew”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /sɪˈzjʊəɹə/
• (米国発音) IPA: /səˈʒʊɹə/
• 韻: -ʊəɹə

名詞

caesura (plural caesuras or caesurae)

1. A pause or interruption in a poem, music, building, or other work of art.
   • 1847, Thomas De Quincey, Milton Versus Southey and Landor:

     The caesura is meant to fall not with the comma after difficult, but after thou; and there is a most effective and grand suspension intended. It is Satan who speaks— Satan in the wilderness; and he marks, as he wishes to mark, the tremendous opposition of attitude between the two parties to the temptation.

   • 1858, Oliver Wendell Holmes, The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table:

     Now, then, for my prologue. I am not going to change my cæsuras and cadences for anybody; so if you do not like the heroic, or iambic trimeter brachy-catalectic, you had better not wait to hear it […]

   • 1920, Arthur Quiller-Couch, On The Art of Reading‎:

     We feel of this, as we feel of a great passage in “Hamlet” or “Lear,” that here is verse at once capable of the highest sublimity and capable of sustaining its theme, of lifting and lowering it at will, with endless resource in the slide and pause of the caesura, to carry it on and on.

   • 1922, chapter 4, in John Howard, transl., Against the Grain, New York: Lieber & Lewis, translation of À rebours by Joris-Karl Huysmans, pages 54–55:

     He disliked the texture of those stiff verses, in their official garb, their abject reverence for grammar, their mechanical division by imperturbable cæsuras, always plugged at the end in the same way by the impact of a dactyl against a spondee.

   • 1964, Vladimir Nabokov, “The Origination of Metrical Verse in Russia”, in Notes on Prosody […] (Bollingen Series; LXXIIa), New York, N.Y.: Bollingen Foundation, →OCLC, page 35:

     By the third decade of the eighteenth century, the syllabic line that really threatened to stay was an uncouth thing of thirteen syllables (counting the obligative feminine terminal), with a caesura after the seventh syllable: […]

2. (Classical prosody) Using two words to divide a metrical foot.
3. (typography) The caesura mark ‖ or ||.

   Synonym: (in its obsolete form) virgule

4. (rare) A break of an era or other measure of history and time; where one era ends and another begins; turning point.
   • c. 1870, Robert Louis Stevenson, Nuits Blanches:

     Like the knocking at the door in Macbeth, or the cry of the watchman in the Tour de Nesle, they show that the horrible cæsura is over and the nightmares have fled away, because the day is breaking and the ordinary life of men is beginning to bestir itself among the streets.

   • 2022, Stephen King, chapter 8, in Fairy Tale, page 133:

     A quiet time. A caesura. Then everything happened almost at once, and none of it was good.

使用する際の注意点

In poetry bearing caesuras, it is marked by a double vertical line ⟨‖⟩.

派生語

参考

• enjambment
• hemistich

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [kae̯ˈsuː.ra]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [t͡ʃeˈs̬uː.ra]

名詞

caesūra f (genitive caesūrae); first declension

1. a cutting, felling, hewing down

   Synonyms: caesus, sectiō

2. (prosody) a pause in a verse, caesura

   Synonym: incīsiō

語形変化

First-declension noun.

関連する語

派生した語

参照

• “caesura”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "caesura", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “caesura”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.