gildとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 gilden, gulden, from 古期英語 gyldan (“to gild, to cover with a thin layer of gold”), from Proto-West Germanic *gulþijan, from Proto-Germanic *gulþijaną, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”).

動詞

gild (third-person singular simple present gilds, present participle gilding, simple past and past participle gilded or gilt)

1. (transitive) To cover with a thin layer of gold; to cover with gold leaf.

   Hypernym: gold

   • 1888 May, Oscar Wilde, “The Happy Prince”, in The Happy Prince and Other Tales, London: David Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 1:

     High above the city, on a tall column, stood the statue of the Happy Prince. He was gilded all over with thin leaves of fine gold, for eyes he had two bright sapphires, and a large red ruby glowed on his sword-hilt.

2. (transitive) To adorn.
   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vi]:

     I will make fast the doors, and gild myself
     With some more ducats, and be with you straight.

3. (transitive, cooking) To decorate with a golden surface appearance.

   Hypernym: gold

   • 2008, Ivan P. Day, Cooking in Europe, 1650-1850, page 98:

     Gild the entire outside with beaten egg yolk, and sprinkle it with grated parmesan.

4. (transitive) To give a bright or pleasing aspect to.
   • 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 28”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

     When sparkling stars twire not, thou gild'st the even.

5. (transitive) To give a brilliant colour or flush to one's face; (also) to make appear drunk.
   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 18, column 2:

     [Alonso] And Trinculo is reeling-ripe: vvhere sſhould they
     Finde this grand Liquor that hath gilded'em?
     Hovv cam'ſt thou in this pickle?

使用する際の注意点

• The weak or regular form "gilded" is more commonly used in print than "gilt".

派生語

語源 2

名詞

gild (plural gilds)

1. Archaic spelling of guild.
   • 1920, H. E. Salter, Munimenta Civitatis Oxonie, volume 71, page xxviii:

     No trade gild might be started without the consent of the whole body of hanasters, who would insist that the regulations were not harmful to the burgesses as a whole; […]

参考

• gild on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• DILG, glid

名詞

ġild n

1. alternative form of ġield

語形変化

Strong a-stem: