NZ717719B2 - A method for manufacturing a ceramic roof tile, as well as roof tile provided with a solar heat recieving panel and hot water system provided with such roof tiles. - Google Patents
A method for manufacturing a ceramic roof tile, as well as roof tile provided with a solar heat recieving panel and hot water system provided with such roof tiles. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ717719B2 NZ717719B2 NZ717719A NZ71771914A NZ717719B2 NZ 717719 B2 NZ717719 B2 NZ 717719B2 NZ 717719 A NZ717719 A NZ 717719A NZ 71771914 A NZ71771914 A NZ 71771914A NZ 717719 B2 NZ717719 B2 NZ 717719B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- roof tile
- mold
- roof
- hole
- tile
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
- B28B7/164—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes for plates, panels, or similar sheet- or disc-shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
- B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
- B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
- B28B7/186—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for plates, panels or similar sheet- or disc-shaped objects, also flat oblong moulded articles with lateral openings, e.g. panels with openings for doors or windows, grated girders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0015—Domestic hot-water supply systems using solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
- F24S20/69—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of shingles or tiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
- F24S70/25—Coatings made of metallic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Abstract
method of producing a roof tile used to provide a solar panel on a roof. A hole is required to pass a conductor from one side of the tile to the other. If this is made at the time of curing the tile may warp or deform. To prevent this rather than a hole a cavity defining where the hole will be is made and after curing the material in that cavity is removed. In the method first a non-cured composition 11 is fed between two mould halves 13 and 15 and the halves are brought together. The mold surface 13b of one of the two mold halves 13 is provided with a bulge 17 which has a thickness 19 that is smaller than the distance 21 between the two mold surfaces 13b and 15b at the location of this bulge when the mold halves are brought together. As a result, the roof tile obtains a thin part 23 at the location of this bulge 17. After the pressing operation the two mold halves 13 and 15 are taken apart and the composition 11 is cured. Once the roof tile 1 has cured, the thin part 23 is broken away from the roof tile and in this manner the hole 5 in the roof tile is formed. made and after curing the material in that cavity is removed. In the method first a non-cured composition 11 is fed between two mould halves 13 and 15 and the halves are brought together. The mold surface 13b of one of the two mold halves 13 is provided with a bulge 17 which has a thickness 19 that is smaller than the distance 21 between the two mold surfaces 13b and 15b at the location of this bulge when the mold halves are brought together. As a result, the roof tile obtains a thin part 23 at the location of this bulge 17. After the pressing operation the two mold halves 13 and 15 are taken apart and the composition 11 is cured. Once the roof tile 1 has cured, the thin part 23 is broken away from the roof tile and in this manner the hole 5 in the roof tile is formed.
Description
A method for manufacturing a ceramic roof tile, as well as roof tile provided with a solar heat
receiving panel and hot water system provided with such roof tiles
DESCRIPTION
Field of the invention
The ion relates to a method of manufacturing a ceramic roof tile
ed with a hole, comprising:
- applying a non—cured composition between two facing mold surfaces of two mold
halves;
- pressing the two mold halves together during which operation the composition is
pressed into the desired shape in the mold space between the two mold surfaces; and
- uently curing the composition pressed into the desired shape,
The ion likewise relates to a method of manufacturing a ceramic roof
tile provided with a solar panel.
State of the art
A roof tile and a solar—cell—clad roof tile are known from
FR—A—2 957 100. This known roof tile comprises a solar panel on the upper side and
electrical conductors connected to it running over the upper side of the roof tile towards the
side. During use on a roof these conductors are located eath a part of an adjacent roof
tile and connected underneath the roof tiles to a conductor that leads to a converter.
In this manner there is no need to introduce a hole in the roof tile for leading
away the electrical conductors. ucing a hole in a roof tile is a cumbersome operation
and may lead to the roof tile being damaged.
A disadvantage of this known solar—panel—clad roof tile is that the required
electronics are to be positioned beside the solar panel too, whereas with the t solar
panels the electronic unit is located eath the solar panels. As a result, no current solar
panels can be utilized, but specially manufactured solar panels are required, which are mostly
more expensive than the current solar panels.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a roof tile of the type defined in the
opening paragraph which is provided with a hole where there is a minor chance of the roof
tile being damaged. For this purpose the method according to the ion is characterized
in that one of the two mold halves is provided on the mold surface with a bulge that has a
ess that is smaller than the distance between the two mold surfaces in a position of the
two mold halves brought together, so that a roof tile having a thinned part in it is
manufactured and, after curing of the roof tile, the breaking of the thinned part of the roof tile
is counteracted. By first manufacturing a roof tile that has a thinned part and subsequently
breaking away this d part, it is d that the roof tile would be distorted (warp) as a
result of internal strains which occur if already before the curing process a hole would be
provided in the roof tile.
This hole—containing roof tile is pre—eminently suitable for producing a
ceramic roof tile provided with a solar panel. because when this roof tile is used current solar
panels having the electronic unit on the under side of the solar panel can be used. After the
solar panel has been applied to the upper side of the roof tile, the electronic unit located on
the under side of the roof tile ts through the hole provided in the roof tile and electrical
conductors can be connected to the electronic unit in a simple manner.
The invention further relates to a roof tile provided with a solar heat absorbing
panel.
A roof tile of this type is generally known in the form of a solar—panel—clad
roof tile. A disadvantage of these known roof tiles is that energy is ted which, if one
wishes to use this energy for heating es, is to be converted again into heat leading to
considerable loss of efficiency.
It is a further object of the ion to provide a roof tile comprising a solar
heat absorbing panel by which heat is directly generated. For this purpose, the roof tile
according to the invention is characterized in that a metal coating is present on at least part of
the upper side of the roof tile, which metal coating can be connected to a heat conductor via a
conducting element. The sun light then directly heats up the metal coating which transfers its
heat via the conducting t and the heat conductor directly to the medium to be heated.
This causes less loss of efficiency to occur than when heating is provided by means of the
known solar—panel—clad roof tiles.
A preferred embodiment of the roof tile according to the invention is
terized in that the conducting element comprises a pin of which an end is mounted to
the under side of the metal coating and a hole through which the pin is ted is present in
the roof tile. The heat can be transferred in the shortest way possible to the heat conductor
through a hole in the roof tile, which leads to the least possible loss of heat. At the same time
the construction can thus be executed in a simple and robust manner.
A further advantageous embodiment of the roof tile according to the invention
is characterized in that it comprises a double—walled plate which is mounted to the upper side
of the roof tile and whose upper wall is transparent while the metal coating is applied to the
inside of the lower wall, where the space n the walls is shut off from the environment
in an airtight manner and a reduced re relative to the environment is found in this
space, preferably vacuum. In this manner even more heat can be received from the sunlight
incident on the roof tile.
The invention also relates to a hot water system comprising roof tiles provided
with solar heat absorbing panels, as well as roof s on which the roof tiles can be
hooked. With respect to the hot water system the invention is characterized in that a metal
coating is present on at least part of the upper side of the roof tile, which metal coating can be
connected via a conducting element to a heat conductor. The roof battens then preferably
form the heat tors.
An advantageous embodiment of the hot water system according to the
ion is characterized in that the heat conductors are formed by box profiles and are
connected to a liquid ation system which causes liquid to flow through the box profiles.
The hot water system ably also includes a liquid buffer vessel to which the pipes are
connected coming from and leading to the profiles.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further elucidated below with reference to examples of
embodiment ented in the drawings of the roof tile provided with a solar panel and
method of manufacturing this roof tile, as well as the hot water system and the roof tile
according to the invention used in this system, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a bottom view of a roof tile provided with a solar panel;
Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the roof tile shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal View of the roof tile shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 shows a cross—sectional view of the roof tile shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of a first embodiment of a mold in closed state
during the manufacturing process of the roof tile;
Fig. 6 shows the mold shown in Fig. 5 in open state after the formation of the
roof tile;
Fig. 7 shows the breaking away of the thin part from the cured roof tile;
Fig. 8 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a mold in closed
state during the manufacturing process of the roof tile;
Fig. 9 shows the mold shown in Fig. 8 in open state after the ion of the
roof tile;
Fig. 10 shows the breaking away of a middle n from the cured roof tile;
Fig. 11 shows an embodiment of the hot water system according to the
ion;
Fig. 12 shows a sectional view of the hot water system present on a roof;
Fig. 13 shows a detail of the hot water system shown in Fig. 12;
Fig. 14 shows a bottom view of a metal-coating-clad roof tile;
Fig. 15 shows a plan View of the roof tile shown in Fig. 14;
Fig. 16 shows a longitudinal view of the roof tile shown in Fig. 14; and
Fig. 17 shows a cross-sectional view of the roof tile shown in Fig. 14.
Detailed description of the drawings
Figs. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the solar-panel-clad roof tile according to
the invention in bottom view, plan view, longitudinal view and cross-sectional view,
resectively. The roof tile 1 has an upper side 3b to which a solar panel 3 is attached, (see Fig.
1). A rectangular hole 5 is provided near the middle of the roof tile (see Fig. 2), which hole is
bounded all around by parts of the roof tile. An onic unit 7 mounted to the under side of
the solar panel projects through this hole (see Figs. 3 and 4). The electrical conductors 9
attached to the electronic unit are located underneath the roof tile during operation and, in
consequence, invisible.
Figs. 5 to 7 show various steps during a first embodiment of the method of
manufacturing a ceramic roof tile provided with a hole. When manufacturing a roof tile of
this type, first a non—cured ition 11 is fed between two facing mold es 13b and
15b of two mold halves 13 and 15, after which the two mold halves are moved towards each
other, where the composition is pressed into the desired shape in the molding space between
the two mold surfaces (see Fig. 5). The ition 11 mainly comprises clay plus l
additives added to the composition.
One of the two mold halves 13 has a mold surface 13b with a bulge 17 which
has a thickness 19 that is r than the distance 21 between the two mold surfaces 13b and
15b at the location of this bulge in a state of the two mold halves showing minimum distance
to each other. In consequence, the roof tile obtains a thin part 23 at the location of this bulge
Subsequent to the pressing operation, the two mold halves l3 and 15 are taken
apart (see Fig. 6) and the composition 11 thus formed is cured. This is ably effected in
an oven.
Once the roof tile 1 has cured or at least nearly cured, the thin part 23 is
broken away from the roof tile (see Fig. 7) and thus the hole 5 in the roof tile is realized.
Figs. 8 to 10 show various steps during a second embodiment of the method of
manufacturing a ceramic roof tile provided with a hole. When a similar roof tile is
manufactured, again first a non-cured composition 11 is fed between two facing mold
surfaces 13b and 15b of two mold halves 13 and 15, after which the two mold halves are
moved towards each other, where the composition is pressed into the desired shape in the
molding space between the two mold surfaces (see Fig. 8). This composition 11 too mainly
comprises clay plus several ves added to the composition.
The surface 13b of one of the mold halves 13 is provided with a bulge 17
which has a thickness 25 that is smaller than the distance 27 between the two mold surfaces
13b and 15b directly beside this bulge in a state of the two mold halves g minimum
distance to each other. The other mold half 15 shows a hole d opposite to the bulge,
which hole has a depth that is equal to the thickness of the bulge. In consequence, the roof
tile obtains a middle portion 29 at the location of this bulge 17, which middle portion is
connected along its periphery to the rest of the roof tile through a thinned part.
After the pressing operation, the two mold halves l3 and 15 are taken apart
(see Fig. 9) and the thus formed composition 11 is cured. This is preferably effected in an
oven.
Once the roof tile 1 has cured or at least nearly cured, the middle portion 29 is
broken away from the roof tile (see Fig. 10) and thus the hole in the roof tile 5 is formed.
Figs. 11 and 12 show an embodiment of the hot water system according to the
ion. The hot water system 31 ses a plurality of roof tiles 33 provided with a
metal g 35, as well as roof battens 37 on which the roof tiles are hooked. The roof
battens function as heat conductors and have a box-shaped profile that forms a channel for a
liquid that transports the heat absorbed by the metal g to a heating . An end of
the bottom profile and an end of the top profile are connected by means of pipes 39 to a
liquid ation system 41 which causes liquid to flow through the profiles. The other ends
of the profiles are connected to each other by means of connecting pipes 43. The liquid
circulation system 41 further includes a circulation pump 45 and a buffer vessel 47.
This hot water system heats up water for a heating system in a ng or may
be used for g water for washing purposes.
For transferring the heat to the cooling medium in a proper manner, pins 49
are fixed to the under side of the metal coatings 35. These pins project through the holes
provided in the roof tiles as far as the es 51 (see Fig. 13).
Figs. 14 to 17 show an embodiment of the coating-clad roof tile
according to the invention in various views. The roof tile 33 has an upper side 33b on which
a panel 55 is installed (see Fig. 11). This panel is formed by a double—walled plate of which
the upper wall 57 is transparent and to the inner side of the lower wall 59 of which the metal
coating 35 is applied. The space between the walls is shut off from the environment in an
airtight manner and has a reduced pressure compared to the environment.
The roof tile 33 has a hole 61 in it through which a pin 63 is projected. This
pin is fixed to the under side of the metal coating 35 and forms the conducting system for
transferring the heat absorbed by the metal coating to the heat conductor which is formed by
the profile 51 of the roof battens.
Albeit in the foregoing disclosure the invention has been explained with
reference to the drawing figures, it should be pointed out that the invention is by no means
restricted to the embodiments shown in the drawing figures. The invention also pertains to all
embodiments deviating from the embodiments shown in the drawing figures within the scope
defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method of manufacturing a ceramic roof tile provided with a solar panel, said ceramic roof tile comprising a hole, comprising: - applying a non-cured composition n two facing mold surfaces of two mold halves; - pressing the two mold halves together during which operation the composition is pressed into the desired shape in the mold space n the two mold surfaces; and - subsequently curing the composition pressed into the desired shape, wherein one of the two mold halves is provided on the mold surface with a bulge that has a thickness that is smaller than the distance between the two mold surfaces in a on of the two mold halves brought together, so that a roof tile having a d part in it is manufactured and, after curing of the roof tile, breaking of the thinned part of the roof tile, wherein said roof tile has an upperside, applying a solar panel comprising an electronic unit mounted to an underside of the solar panel to the upper side of the roof tile where the electronic unit located on the under side of the solar panel ts through the hole provided in the roof tile.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2011398 | 2013-09-06 | ||
| NL2011399A NL2011399C2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | ROOF PANEL FITTED WITH A SOLAR HEAT RECORDING PANEL, AND HOT WATER SYSTEM WITH SUCH ROOF PANELS. |
| NL2011399 | 2013-09-06 | ||
| NL2011398A NL2011398C2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A CERAMIC ROOF PAN WITH A CUT OUT AND A ROOF PAN WITH A SOLAR PANEL. |
| PCT/NL2014/050615 WO2015034366A2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2014-09-08 | A method for manufacturing a ceramic roof tile, as well as roof tile provided with a solar heat receiving panel and hot water system provided with such roof tiles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ717719A NZ717719A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| NZ717719B2 true NZ717719B2 (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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