NZ749378B2 - Laser-assisted machining (lam) of non-monolithic composite bone material - Google Patents
Laser-assisted machining (lam) of non-monolithic composite bone material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ749378B2 NZ749378B2 NZ749378A NZ74937817A NZ749378B2 NZ 749378 B2 NZ749378 B2 NZ 749378B2 NZ 749378 A NZ749378 A NZ 749378A NZ 74937817 A NZ74937817 A NZ 74937817A NZ 749378 B2 NZ749378 B2 NZ 749378B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- laser beam
- bone
- laser source
- coordinate
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/203—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser applying laser energy to the outside of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
- A61B2018/00565—Bone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00601—Cutting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00625—Vaporization
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B2018/2035—Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor
- A61B2018/20553—Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor with special lens or reflector arrangement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B2018/2035—Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor
- A61B2018/205547—Controller with specific architecture or programmatic algorithm for directing scan path, spot size or shape, or spot intensity, fluence or irradiance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
Abstract
apparatus and method for laser-assisted machining (LAM) of non-monolithic composite bone material is described. A high intensity focused laser beam conducts bone material removal in extremely short time duration without causing any thermal (necrosis) and mechanical damage to the material surrounding the bone-laser interaction region. A computer associated with the apparatus for machining bone preferably employs a Multiphysics computational modeling approach which takes into account physical phenomena such as heat transfer, fluid flow, convection mixing, and surface tension when determining bone target volume, calculating material properties of the multicomponent and multicomposition composite bone material, determining parameters for the laser-assisted machining based on the material properties, and performing the laser-assisted cutting/shaping/machining of bone.
Claims (13)
1. An apparatus for laser-assisted cutting, shaping, and machining of bone, comprising: (a) a laser source capable of delivering a laser beam to a bone target; (b) a dynamic focusing unit for delivering the laser beam to a visualized target site; (c) a real time controller (RTC) capable of simultaneous processing of visualized target site data and controlling the laser source and controlling the dynamic focusing unit; wherein the RTC is able to correct laser source output and assign a laser beam track to prevent heat affected zones in the bone target and to cut/shape/machine a target bone region to have a predicted morphology; wherein the predicted morphology is defined by predicting isotherms corresponding to interfaces between a solid substrate/melting zone and a melting zone/vaporized region using a Multiphysics computational model; and wherein the laser track is assigned a heat flux boundary with a moving laser beam defined by the equation: ?? ?? ?? -? [( )+ ( )+ ( )] = ? + h[? - ? ] + ?? [? - ? ] ? 0 0 ?? ?? ?? wherein k is thermal conductivity, h is heat transfer coefficient, e is emissivity, s is Stefan-Boltzman constant, T is temperature, T is ambient temperature, x is an X-coordinate in a three dimensional space, y is a Y-coordinate in a three dimensional space, z is a Z-coordinate in a three dimensional space, and P is an input laser power intensity distribution.
2. The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein P is P or P or P , wherein P is a three dimensional X g th db g Gaussian laser beam power intensity distribution, P is a top hat laser beam power intensity distribution, and P is a dumbbell laser beam power intensity distribution.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein P , P , and P are defined by the equations: g th db ? = ??? , ? = ??? , where n 8; and ? h 2 2? ? 2 ? = ( ) ??? ; ? ? ? where P is laser input power and r is radius of beam at which laser power transverse intensity decreases to .
4. The apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the laser source generates a laser beam having a wavelength in the range of 300 nm to 29,400 nm.
5. The apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the laser source is a Ti-Sapphire laser, a CO laser, an Excimer laser, a Er-YAG laser, a copper vapor laser, a Yb-fiber laser, or a combination thereof.
6. The apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the laser source generates a laser beam having a focal spot of 0.3-3 mm diameter.
7. The apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the laser source can be operated in pulsed mode or continuous mode to produce the laser beam.
8. The apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the residence time of the laser source generating the laser beam to be in the range of 0.5µs-4 ms.
9. An apparatus for laser-assisted cutting, shaping, and machining of bone, comprising: (a) a laser source capable of delivering a laser beam to a bone target; (b) a dynamic focusing unit for delivering the laser beam to a visualized target site; (c) a real time controller (RTC) capable of simultaneous processing of visualized target site data and controlling the laser source and controlling the dynamic focusing unit; wherein the RTC is able to correct laser source output and assign a laser beam track to prevent heat affected zones in the bone target and to cut/shape/machine a target bone region to have a predicted morphology; wherein the predicted morphology is defined by predicting isotherms corresponding to interfaces between a solid substrate/melting zone and a melting zone/vaporized region using a Multiphysics computational model; and wherein the laser track is assigned a heat flux boundary with a moving laser beam defined by the equation: ?T ? ?T ? ?T ? ? ? ? - k + + = -P + h ?T - T ? + ?? ?T - T ? ? ? ? ? ? ? g 0 0 ?x ?y ?z ? ? ? ? wherein k is thermal conductivity, h is heat transfer coefficient, e is emissivity, s is Stefan-Boltzman constant, T is temperature, T is ambient temperature, x is an X-coordinate in a three dimensional space, y is a Y-coordinate in a three dimensional space, z is a Z-coordinate in a three dimensional space, and P is a three-dimensional Gaussian laser beam distribution.
10. The apparatus of Claim 9, wherein P is defined by the equation: where P is laser power, x is distance along an X-axis, D is diameter of a laser beam, and is a standard deviation of laser beam intensity.
11. The apparatus of Claim 9 or Claim 10, wherein the laser source generates a laser beam having a wavelength of 1070 nm.
12. The apparatus of any one of Claims 9 to 11, wherein the laser source is a continuous wave Yb-fiber coupled Nd:YAG laser.
13. The apparatus of any one of Claims 9 to 12, wherein the laser source generates a laser beam having a laser power of 300W to 700W.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201662352275P | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | |
| US201662429485P | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | |
| US201662437167P | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | |
| PCT/US2017/038196 WO2017223003A1 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2017-06-19 | Laser-assisted machining (lam) of non-monolithic composite bone material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ749378A NZ749378A (en) | 2024-12-20 |
| NZ749378B2 true NZ749378B2 (en) | 2025-03-21 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2746317C2 (en) | Method for laser processing of metal material with control of transversal distribution of laser beam power in the working plane, including installation and computer software for method implementation | |
| CN106735943B (en) | A kind of laser auxiliary heating Long Pulse LASER perforating device and its method | |
| Teixidor et al. | Optimization of process parameters for pulsed laser milling of micro-channels on AISI H13 tool steel | |
| Teixidor et al. | Nanosecond pulsed laser micromachining of PMMA-based microfluidic channels | |
| CN107234347A (en) | A kind of laser auxiliary heating femtosecond pulse perforating device and method | |
| CN102962589A (en) | Pulse laser drilling device and drilling method thereof | |
| Wan et al. | CO2 laser beam modulating for surface texturing machining | |
| GB2601634A (en) | Numerical simulation method for pulse laser paint removal and application thereof | |
| JP2004268104A5 (en) | ||
| Cho et al. | Theoretical analysis of keyhole dynamics in polarized laser drilling | |
| US10188519B2 (en) | Laser-assisted machining (LAM) of hard tissues and bones | |
| Nguendon et al. | Characterization of ablated porcine bone and muscle using laser-induced acoustic wave method for tissue differentiation | |
| NZ749378B2 (en) | Laser-assisted machining (lam) of non-monolithic composite bone material | |
| NZ749378A (en) | Laser-assisted machining (lam) of non-monolithic composite bone material | |
| Loredo et al. | Numerical support for laser welding of zinc-coated sheets process development | |
| JP2004035315A5 (en) | ||
| JPH06285654A (en) | Laser processing prediction method, laser processed product manufacturing method, and laser processing apparatus | |
| TWI466836B (en) | Verfahren zum herstellen eines bauteils | |
| Sotnikov et al. | Experimental and numerical optimization of beam shapes for short-pulse ultraviolet laser cutting processing | |
| Singh et al. | Simulation of the temperature distribution of kidney stones induced by thulium fiber laser and Ho: YAG laser lithotripsy | |
| JP6260168B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for processing brittle material substrate | |
| Lee et al. | An experimental method for laser micro-machining of spherical and elliptical 3-D objects | |
| Martin et al. | Numerical investigation of laser beam shaping for heat transfer control in laser processing | |
| Petkov | Laser milling: surface integrity, removal strategies and process accuracy | |
| Walia et al. | Laser cutting, drilling, and piercing |