NZ755019B2 - Waveform separator apparatus and method for detecting leakage current in high voltage direct current power systems - Google Patents
Waveform separator apparatus and method for detecting leakage current in high voltage direct current power systemsInfo
- Publication number
- NZ755019B2 NZ755019B2 NZ755019A NZ75501917A NZ755019B2 NZ 755019 B2 NZ755019 B2 NZ 755019B2 NZ 755019 A NZ755019 A NZ 755019A NZ 75501917 A NZ75501917 A NZ 75501917A NZ 755019 B2 NZ755019 B2 NZ 755019B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- component
- current
- insulating structure
- comparator
- processor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0007—Frequency selective voltage or current level measuring
- G01R19/0015—Frequency selective voltage or current level measuring separating AC and DC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
- H02J3/0012—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies characterised by the contingency detection means in AC networks, e.g. using phasor measurement units [PMU], synchrophasors or contingency analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
Abstract
waveform separator system for determining DC leakage current flowing through an insulating structure in a high voltage direct current power system, wherein the DC leakage current is a composite DC current comprising one or more high magnitude momentary spikes, and having a DC component and an AC component includes: (1 ) a waveform separator configured to receive the composite DC current flowing through the insulating structure and to separate the composite DC current into corresponding direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) components wherein the AC component has a first rate of change, and wherein the DC component has a second rate of change, and wherein the first rate of change is greater than the second rate of change; (2) at least one comparator configured to receive the AC component and produce at least one corresponding digital signal; and (3) a processor configured to: (a) receive the at least one corresponding digital signal and the DC component, (b) analyze the at least one corresponding digital signal and the DC component, and; (c) determine a resultant leakage current flowing through the insulating structure.
Claims (33)
1. A waveform separator system for determining Direct Current, DC, e t flowing through an insulating structure in a high voltage direct current power system wherein the DC leakage current is a composite DC current comprising one or more momentary , and having a DC component and an Alternating t, AC, component, the system comprising: a waveform separator configured to receive the composite DC current flowing through the insulating structure and to separate the ite DC t into the corresponding DC and AC components, wherein the AC component has a first rate of change, and wherein the DC component has a second rate of change, and n the first rate of change is greater than the second rate of change; an amplifier for amplifying the AC component and the DC component; a comparator configured to receive the AC component, wherein the AC component comprises one or more positive components and one or more negative components, and wherein the system further comprises a positive e comparator for ng the one or more positive components and a negative voltage ator for counting the one or more negative components for producing a positive digital signal corresponding to the counted one or more positive components and a negative digital signal corresponding to the counted one or more negative components; and a sor configured to: (a) receive the positive digital signal and the negative digital signal and the DC component, (b) analyze the positive digital signal and the negative digital signal and the DC component, and (c) determine a resultant leakage current flowing through the insulating structure.
2. The system of claim 1 further comprising a current sensing circuit which, when operatively coupled to the insulating structure and the waveform separator, senses the ite DC current flowing h the insulating structure and feeds a voltage value corresponding to the sensed composite DC current to the waveform separator.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the current sensing circuit includes one or more shunts or shunt resistors.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the waveform separator comprises at least one filter t for separating the DC component from the AC component in the sensed ite DC current.
5. The system of claim 1 further sing an averaging circuit to average the DC component over time before the DC component is fed to the amplifier.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the DC component is substantially steady.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: (a) determine a ation component from the resultant leakage current, and (b) compare the correlation component against a old value and to generate a comparison result signal indicative of a fault if the correlation component exceeds the old value.
8. The system of claim 7 further comprising a response means for receiving said comparison result signal and disseminating it through at least one dissemination interface.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the correlation component is a peak value or RMS value of the resultant leakage current.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the fault is reduced dielectric performance.
11. The system of claim 7, wherein the fault is an impending flashover condition.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein said dissemination comprises haptic, tactile, or sensory information.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein one or more components of the system are located in a portable g.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the at least one dissemination interface is associated with the housing.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the at least one dissemination ace is a graphical display configured to indicate at least the resultant leakage current.
16. The system of claim 13, wherein the one or more components include the current sensing circuit, the waveform separator, the comparator and the processor.
17. The system of claim 13, n the one or more components include the current sensing circuit, the waveform separator and the comparator.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein the housing further es a communicator to er and receive data to and from the processor.
19. A method for determining Direct Current, DC, leakage t flowing through an insulating structure in a high voltage DC power system wherein the DC e current is a composite DC current comprising one or more ary , and having a DC component and an Alternating Current, AC, component, wherein the AC component has a first rate of change, and n the DC component has a second rate of change, and n the first rate of change is greater than the second rate of change, and wherein the AC component comprises one or more positive ents and one or more negative components, the method comprising: (a) ing a waveform separator which is configured to receive the composite DC current flowing through the insulating structure, providing a comparator for analyzing the AC component of the composite DC current, and providing a processor configured to determine a resultant leakage current flowing through the insulating structure from at least the analyzed AC ent, (b) electrically and operatively connecting the waveform separator, the comparator, and the processor to the insulating structure, (c) separating, in the waveform separator, the composite DC current into the corresponding DC component and AC component, (d) counting the one or more ve components of the AC component in a positive voltage comparator of the comparator, (e) counting the one or more negative components of the AC component in a negative voltage comparator of the comparator, (f) producing, using the comparator, a positive digital signal corresponding to the counted one or more positive components and a negative digital signal corresponding to the counted one or more negative components, (g) processing, in the processor, the positive digital signal and the negative digital signal and the DC ent, and determining the resultant leakage current flowing through the insulating structure.
20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: (a) ining, in the processor, a correlation component from the resultant leakage current; (b) comparing, in the sor, the correlation component to a predetermined threshold value indicative of a fault for the insulating ure; (c) generating, in the processor, a comparison result signal if the correlation component s the threshold value; and (d) disseminating, through at least one dissemination interface, the ison result signal.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of disseminating the comparison result signal includes sounding an audio alarm.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of disseminating the comparison result signal es activating a visual alarm.
23. The method of claim 19 further comprising: (a) providing an energized DC electrical line above an Earthen surface; (b) locating a first end of the insulating structure ate the energized DC electrical line; (c) locating a second end of the insulating ure proximate the Earthen surface; (d) electrically and ively coupling the waveform separator, the comparator and the processor to the insulating structure; and (e) using the waveform separator, the comparator and the processor according to the method of claim 19 to determine the resultant leakage current passing through the insulating structure.
24. The method of claim 20 further comprising: (a) providing an energized DC electrical line above an Earthen surface; (b) locating a first end of the insulating structure proximate the energized DC electrical line; (c) locating a second end of the insulating structure proximate the Earthen surface; (d) electrically and operatively coupling the waveform separator, the comparator and the processor to the ting structure; and (e) using the waveform separator, the comparator and the processor according to the method of claim 20 to determine the resultant leakage current passing through the insulating structure.
25. The method of claim 20, further comprising a response means for receiving the comparison result signal and disseminating it through the at least one dissemination interface.
26. The method of claim 20, wherein the correlation component is a peak value or RMS value of the resultant e current.
27. The method of claim 20, wherein the fault is reduced tric performance.
28. The method of claim 20, wherein the fault is an ing flashover condition.
29. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of disseminating the ison result signal includes disseminating haptic, tactile, or sensory information.
30. The method of claim 20, wherein the waveform separator and the comparator are located in a portable housing, and at least one dissemination interface is associated with the housing for the step of inating the comparison result signal.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein the at least one dissemination interface is a graphical display configured to indicate at least the resultant leakage current.
32. The method of claim 30, n the housing further includes a communicator to transfer and receive data to and from the processor.
33. The method of claim 19 r comprising receiving in the waveform separator, the composite DC current from a current sensing circuit which is operatively coupled to the ting structure and the waveform tor, and which senses the composite DC current flowing through the insulating structure. e current Ucm 2me 2me MM LOmmeOLQ E250 coz?mtou mm gamma mmcoamwm mumtmps $833 ou cormEEmmmE E :oEmano Rama 8.38m 28888 wmm?o> LBEmQEou on 28858 Ehot>m>> LSSQOm N @3525 #585 ? “cwtzu mcsmimg ?cm mcmm_>_ m 53895 2me . w? COEm—wtOU cemtngou ? gamma nu Rama mmcoammm mm :oEmEEwmmE mumtSE .mcma Ema Rama mo_mc< Ema Ema Eatsmmm mm?mm: Emtsu ?.mm M _.mmm"_. ..................... LBEmQEou 85 mm 3E8; mg uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu ................... @23me LBS—8E8 QNN uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu mg mscoEncou E8 :85 _m "mm_ EmonEou m U0 Lw_u:_n_rr_< o< EmconEou LBS _..--_-__.._....l 8mm 232:3 ELoum>m>> :35
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201662429459P | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | |
| CA2950506A CA2950506C (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | Waveform separator apparatus and method for detecting leakage current in high voltage direct current power systems |
| PCT/US2017/064304 WO2018102744A1 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2017-12-01 | Waveform separator apparatus and method for detecting leakage current in high voltage direct current power systems |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ755019A NZ755019A (en) | 2023-12-22 |
| NZ755019B2 true NZ755019B2 (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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