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NZ759736B2 - Water heater usage profiling utilizing energy meter and attachable sensors - Google Patents
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NZ759736B2 - Water heater usage profiling utilizing energy meter and attachable sensors - Google Patents

Water heater usage profiling utilizing energy meter and attachable sensors

Info

Publication number
NZ759736B2
NZ759736B2 NZ759736A NZ75973618A NZ759736B2 NZ 759736 B2 NZ759736 B2 NZ 759736B2 NZ 759736 A NZ759736 A NZ 759736A NZ 75973618 A NZ75973618 A NZ 75973618A NZ 759736 B2 NZ759736 B2 NZ 759736B2
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
water
heated
heated water
inlet
storage
Prior art date
Application number
NZ759736A
Other versions
NZ759736A (en
Inventor
Houten Arnoud Bruins Jan Van
Original Assignee
Aquanta Inc
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aquanta Inc filed Critical Aquanta Inc
Priority claimed from PCT/US2018/040623 external-priority patent/WO2019006461A1/en
Publication of NZ759736A publication Critical patent/NZ759736A/en
Publication of NZ759736B2 publication Critical patent/NZ759736B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
    • F24H15/148—Assessing the current energy consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/269—Time, e.g. hour or date
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/296—Information from neighbouring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F24H15/45—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based remotely accessible
    • F24H15/457—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based remotely accessible using telephone networks or Internet communication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F24H15/45—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based remotely accessible
    • F24H15/464—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based remotely accessible using local wireless communication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/486—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using timers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
    • G01F1/6847—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow where sensing or heating elements are not disturbing the fluid flow, e.g. elements mounted outside the flow duct
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
    • G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
    • G01F1/6888—Thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples, thermopiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/696—Circuits therefor, e.g. constant-current flow meters
    • G01F1/6965—Circuits therefor, e.g. constant-current flow meters comprising means to store calibration data for flow signal calculation or correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/704—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter
    • G01F1/7044—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter using thermal tracers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/005—Valves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/02—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature
    • G01F15/022—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature using electrical means
    • G01F15/024—Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature using electrical means involving digital counting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
    • G01F15/065—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical
    • G01F15/066—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical involving magnetic transmission devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/07—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism
    • G01F15/075—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism using electrically-operated integrating means
    • G01F15/0755—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism using electrically-operated integrating means involving digital counting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F9/00—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine
    • G01F9/001—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine with electric, electro-mechanic or electronic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/10—Plc systems
    • G05B2219/16—Plc to applications
    • G05B2219/163—Domotique, domestic, home control, automation, smart, intelligent house
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25168—Domotique, access through internet protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2642—Domotique, domestic, home control, automation, smart house

Abstract

The present disclosure relate to a controller system and method for use in storage-style water heating systems that offers significant opportunities for energy saving. The controller system can adjust the water heating system in response to energy demand patterns of user fixtures. The controller system can detect quantity of heated water usage and produce a heated water usage profile. The controller system can determine the quantity or volume of the used heated water without a mechanical flow meter. The controller system can include a cost-effective, accurate, and easy-to-install water temperature sensors that provide measurements of the differentials between water temperatures without direct contact with the water. The water temperature sensors can be cost-effective and easy-to-install sensors that are attached to the water pipes through a strap or other attachment methods.

Claims (20)

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. A water heating system comprising: a reservoir; inlet and outlet water pipes connected to the reservoir; an inlet water temperature sensor attached to the inlet water pipe and located proximate to the reservoir, wherein the inlet water temperature sensor is configured to measure an inlet water temperature of the inlet water pipe and output an inlet water temperature measurement representative of the inlet water temperature; a heated water temperature sensor externally attached to a temperature and pressure (T&P) valve of the water heating system and configured to measure a heated water temperature and output a heated water temperature measurement representative of the heated water temperature; and a controller system comprising: an energy meter configured to measure energy usage of the water heating system; and a processor configured to: receive and monitor the inlet water temperature measurement and the heated water temperature measurement; detect a real-time change in the inlet water temperature measurement; determine a slope of the real-time change in the inlet water temperature measurement, wherein: when the real-time change is an increase in the inlet water temperature measurement and the slope is determined to exceed a first threshold value, identify a heating event and determine a duration of the heating event; and when the real-time change is a decrease in the inlet water temperature measurement and the slope is determined to exceed a second threshold value, identify a heated water draw event and determine a duration of the heated water draw event; and determine, in real time, a volume of used heated water and an average flow rate of the water heating system using the duration of the heated water draw event.
2. The water heating system of claim 1, wherein the controller system is configured to determine a duration of a reheating event using the received inlet water temperature measurement.
3. The water heating system of claim 1, wherein the controller system is configured to compensate the heated water temperature measurement based on the configuration of the water heating system.
4. The water heating system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to produce information on a volume of remaining available heated water in the reservoir.
5. The water heating system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to calculate a standby loss factor of the water heating system.
6. A controller system for use in a storage-style water heater, the controller system comprising: first and second sensors respectively attached to an inlet water pipe and a heated water pipe of the storage-style water heater, wherein the first and second sensors are configured to respectively measure and transmit inlet water pipe temperature measurements of the inlet water pipe and heated water temperature measurements of the heated water pipe, respectively; an energy meter configured to measure energy usage of the storage-style water heater; and a processor configured to: receive and monitor the inlet water pipe temperature measurements and the heated water temperature measurements; detect an increase in the inlet water pipe temperature measurements; determine a slope of the increase in the inlet water pipe temperature measurements, wherein when the slope is determined to exceed a threshold value, identify a heating event and determine a duration of the heating event; and derive a volume of used heated water based on the cold and heated water temperature measurements.
7. The controller system of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: derive a volume of used water heater based on the duration of the heating event; derive a usage profile of the storage-style water heater based on the volume of used heated water; and reduce energy usage of the storage-type water heater based on the usage profile.
8. A method of determining, in real time, a volume of used heated water in a storage-style water heater, wherein the storage-style water heater is connected to an inlet water pipe and a temperature and pressure (T & P) valve, the method comprising: determining a thermal energy of the used heated water outputted by the storage- style water heater; determining first and second temperature measurements of the inlet water pipe and the T&P valve, respectively; detecting a decrease in the first temperature measurement; determining a slope of the decrease in the first temperature measurement, wherein when the slope is determined to exceed a threshold value, identifying a heated water draw event and determining a duration of the heated water draw event; and deriving, in real time, the volume of the used heated water and a heated water flow rate based on the duration of the heated water draw event.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises measuring an input energy supplied to the storage-style water heater based on the duration of the heated water draw event.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: measuring a standby energy loss; and determining a thermal energy output by subtracting the standby energy loss from the input energy.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises calculating a standby energy loss rate of the storage-style water heater.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises calculating a flow rate of the storage-style water heater based on the first and second temperature measurements.
13. The method of claim 8, further comprising creating a heated water usage profile based on the volume of the used heated water, wherein the heated water usage profile includes a volume of heated water remaining in the storage-style water heater after the used heated water has been outputted.
14. The water heating system of claim 3, wherein the compensation factor is determined based on a configuration of the T&P valve.
15. The water heating system of claim 2, wherein: the heating event is when water in the reservoir is heated after water has been drawn from the reservoir; and the reheating event is when water in the reservoir is heated after the water in the reservoir has cooled during standby.
16. The controller system of claim 6, wherein the heated water pipe comprises a temperature and pressure (T&P) valve and the second sensor is attached to the T&P valve.
17. The controller system of claim 6, wherein when the slope is determined to exceed an other threshold value, identify a reheating event and determine a duration of the reheating event.
18. The method of claim 8, wherein determining the second temperature measurement comprises measuring a temperature of an exterior surface of the T&P valve of the storage- style water heater.
19. The method of claim 13, further comprising reducing energy usage of the storage-type water heater based on the heated water usage profile.
20. The water heating system of claim 1, wherein the water heating system comprises an electrical storage-style water heater.
NZ759736A 2018-07-02 Water heater usage profiling utilizing energy meter and attachable sensors NZ759736B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762527803P 2017-06-30 2017-06-30
PCT/US2018/040623 WO2019006461A1 (en) 2017-06-30 2018-07-02 Water heater usage profiling utilizing energy meter and attachable sensors

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ759736A NZ759736A (en) 2025-07-25
NZ759736B2 true NZ759736B2 (en) 2025-10-29

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