NZ765113B2 - Anti-reflective coatings on optical waveguides - Google Patents
Anti-reflective coatings on optical waveguides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ765113B2 NZ765113B2 NZ765113A NZ76511318A NZ765113B2 NZ 765113 B2 NZ765113 B2 NZ 765113B2 NZ 765113 A NZ765113 A NZ 765113A NZ 76511318 A NZ76511318 A NZ 76511318A NZ 765113 B2 NZ765113 B2 NZ 765113B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- reflective
- waveguide
- refraction
- planar waveguide
- reflective coating
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
- G02B1/115—Multilayers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B2005/1804—Transmission gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0026—Wavelength selective element, sheet or layer, e.g. filter or grating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
- G02B6/0076—Stacked arrangements of multiple light guides of the same or different cross-sectional area
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Abstract
Disclosed is an anti-reflective waveguide. The anti-reflective waveguide comprises a first planar waveguide substrate having first and second opposite surfaces and a first index of refraction. The anti-reflective waveguide comprises a plurality of diffractive optical elements disposed upon the first surface of the first planar waveguide to diffract light in a first direction out of the first planar waveguide substrate towards a viewer and in a second direction into the first planar waveguide substrate away from the viewer. The anti-reflective waveguide comprises an anti-reflective coating disposed upon the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate through which the light refracted in the second direction leaves the first planar waveguide substrate with the anti-reflective coating increasing transmission through the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate. The anti-reflective waveguide comprises a second planar waveguide substrate having first and second opposite surfaces and the first index of refraction. The anti-reflective coating reduces reflection from and increases transmission of light through the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate waveguide substrate into the second planar waveguide substrate.
Claims (22)
1. An anti-reflective waveguide, comprising: a first planar waveguide substrate having first and second opposite surfaces and a first index of refraction; a plurality of diffractive optical elements disposed upon the first surface of the first planar waveguide to diffract light in a first direction out of the first planar waveguide substrate towards a viewer and in a second direction into the first planar waveguide substrate away from the viewer; an anti-reflective coating disposed upon the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate through which the light refracted in the second direction leaves the first planar waveguide substrate with the anti-reflective coating increasing transmission through the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate; and a second planar waveguide substrate having first and second opposite surfaces and the first index of refraction, wherein the anti-reflective coating reduces reflection from and increases transmission of light through the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate waveguide substrate into the second planar waveguide substrate.
2. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 1, wherein the first planar waveguide substrate is configured to propagate light by total internal reflection between the plurality of diffractive optical elements and the anti-reflective coating in a substantially first direction, and outcouple light in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction.
3. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 1 or 2, wherein the light propagating by total internal reflection comprises an s polarization component and a p polarization component.
4. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 3, wherein the anti-reflective coating is configured to reduce phase retardation between the two components such that an angle of incidence of the s component is substantially similar to that of the p component through the waveguide.
5. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least 97 percent of the light is transmitted through the second surface.
6. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first planar waveguide substrate is glass and the anti-reflective coating comprises a layer of MgF .
7. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 6, wherein the layer of MgF has a thickness between 75 and 125 nm.
8. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 6 or 7, wherein the anti-reflective coating comprises a layer of SiO .
9. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 6 or 7, wherein the layer of MgF is disposed immediately adjacent to the second surface of the first planar waveguide substrate.
10. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 9, wherein a layer of SiO is disposed upon the layer of MgF .
11. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein a cumulative index of refraction of the anti-reflective coating has an imaginary refractive index component value less than 5 x 10 .
12. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein a cumulative index of refraction of the anti-reflective coating has an imaginary refractive index component -4 -3 value between 5 x 10 and 1 x 10 .
13. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the anti-reflective coating is comprised less than eight layers alternating between a first material and a second material.
14. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 13, wherein the anti-reflective coating consists of four layers.
15. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 13 or 14, wherein the first material has comparatively higher index of refraction than the second material.
16. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the first material is TiO .
17. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 16, wherein each layer of TiO has an index of refraction greater than 2.
18. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the second material is SiO .
19. The anti-reflective waveguide of claim 18, wherein each layer of SiO has an index of refraction between 1.45 and 1.58.
20. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein a cumulative index of refraction of the anti-reflective coating has an imaginary refractive index component value less than 5 x 10 .
21. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein a cumulative index of refraction of the anti-reflective coating has an imaginary refractive index component -4 -3 value between 5 x 10 and 1 x 10 .
22. The anti-reflective waveguide of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a cumulative index of refraction of the anti-reflective coating has an imaginary refractive index component value less than 5 x 10 .
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201762596904P | 2017-12-10 | 2017-12-10 | |
| US201862751240P | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | |
| PCT/US2018/064686 WO2019113570A1 (en) | 2017-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Anti-reflective coatings on optical waveguides |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ765113A NZ765113A (en) | 2024-07-05 |
| NZ765113B2 true NZ765113B2 (en) | 2024-10-08 |
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