RU2216688C2 - Combined former-radiation polarizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting engineering, sources of polarized radiation. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in anti-dazzling systems to ensure road safety, in polarization microscopy and in other fields where polarization of lateral oscillations are required, for example, in radiolocation. Technical result of invention consists in production of compact and adaptable to manufacture design of source of polarized radiation based on radiator-head-light of vehicle that includes radiation source, reflector and system of formers-radiation polarizers of vessel-like form implemented in the form of spatially spaced lenses, system of separators of orthogonal polarized components of radiation, system of formers of ray directivity and system of spatially matching scanners of polarized radiation components or of segments-formers of polarized radiation structure placed in sequence and mounted in focus of reflector. At least one radiation source is installed inside system of formers-radiation polarizes and segments-formers of polarized radiation structure or system of spatially spaced lenses, system of separators of orthogonal polarized components of radiation, system of formers of ray directivity and system of spatially matching scanners of polarized radiation components are internatched and so oriented in space with reference to radiation source and reflector that radiation from radiation source goes through system of formers-radiation polarizers, is reflected from reflector and is polarized. EFFECT: production of compact and adaptable to manufacture design of polarized radiation source based on radiator- head- light. 10 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to sources of polarized radiation and can be used in anti-dazzling systems, based in their work on polarized radiation to ensure the safety of vehicles; The invention can also be used in polarization microscopy and in other areas where polarization of transverse vibrations is required, for example, in radar.

 Known devices for transport, using to obtain polarized radiation a source of non-polarized radiation - an incandescent lamp and a radiation polarizer [1, 2].

 The disadvantages of the known devices are the complexity of the devices in the installation and operation [1], as well as a change in the appearance of the emitters-headlights [2].

 The closest in technical essence and selected as a prototype is a "Combined source of polarized radiation" [2], containing a radiation source, a reflector and a system of radiation formers-polarizers.

 The disadvantage of the prototype: a change in the appearance of the standard emitters-headlights of vehicles using non-diffusing transparent protective glasses on the headlights.

 The claimed technical solution in the application to anti-dazzling systems is aimed at obtaining a compact and technological design of the source of polarized radiation based on the emitter-headlights of the vehicle.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a combined radiation shaper-polarizer, comprising at least one radiation source, a reflector and a system of radiation shaper-polarizers, the system of radiation shaper-polarizers has a vessel-like shape, is made of segments-shapers of a polarizing structure and is installed in the focus of the reflector 2 (figure 1), moreover, inside the system of shapers-polarizers of radiation 3, at least one radiation source 1 is located, and each of the segments-shapers of polarization The structure of the system of radiation shaper-polarizers 3 is oriented in space relative to the radiation source 1 and reflector 2 in such a way that the radiation of the radiation source 1 passes through the system of radiation shaper-polarizers 3, is reflected from the reflector 2 and acquires polarization.

 In addition, the system of radiation shaper-polarizers contains sequentially installed systems of spatially separated lenses 5, separators of orthogonal polarizing components of radiation 6, beam shapers 7 and spatially matching rotators of polarizing components of radiation 8, which are aligned and oriented in space relative to the radiation source 1 and reflector 2.

 In addition, it contains at least one more system of radiation formers-polarizers 3 (Fig. 3).

 In addition, it contains at least one more system of separators of the orthogonal polarization components of the radiation 6.

 In addition, it contains light absorbers 9.

 In addition, it has an antireflection coating.

 In addition, it contains a system for stabilizing the plane of polarization of the output radiation.

 In addition, each of the lenses of the system of spatially separated lenses 5 is composed of at least two closed parts of the lenses, the main axes of which are mutually offset and oriented relative to the diverging radiation.

 In addition, it contains a device for forced ventilation of the system of radiation shapers-polarizers 3.

 In addition, it contains the inlet and outlet pipes 10 (6, 7) of the duct of the optically transparent cooling agent, an optically transparent tube 11 that is inserted between the radiation source 1 and the inner surface of the radiation shaper-polarizer system 3, an optically transparent cooling agent, and a cooling system optically transparent cooling agent (Fig. 8) and connecting tubes 14, and the area bounded by the inner surface of the system of radiation shapers-polarizers 3 and the optically transparent tube 1 1 contains an optically transparent cooling agent and is connected through the inlet and outlet pipes 10 and connecting tubes 14 to the cooling system of the optically transparent cooling agent.

 In addition, it contains holders-latches of the position of the system of radiation formers-polarizers 3 relative to the radiation source 1 and reflector 2.

 The proposed technical solution is illustrated using figures 1-8.

 On figa shows the radiation source 1 and in the context of the reflector 2 and the system of the shapers-polarizers of radiation 3 of a vessel-like shape of the combined shaper-polarizer of radiation.

 Fig. 1b shows a radiation source 1 and a sectional view of a reflector 2 and a system of radiation shapers-polarizers 3 of a combined radiation shaper-polarizer, as well as an installation option for stabilizing the plane of polarization of the output radiation 15.

 In FIG. 2a shows a fragment of an embodiment of a system of radiation shapers-polarizers 3 and the path of the rays of the polarizing radiation components for different angles of incident radiation.

 Figure 2b shows a fragment of an embodiment of a system of radiation formers-polarizers, a system of spatially separated lenses of which is made of two closed lens parts, the main axes of which are mutually offset.

 In FIG. Figure 3 shows a fragment of an embodiment of two sequentially installed systems of radiation shapers-polarizers, in which one system is installed inside the other.

 In FIG. Figure 4 shows a fragment of the system of radiation shapers-polarizers, into which another system of separators of the orthogonal polarization components of radiation is introduced (6).

 Figure 5 shows fragments of a system of radiation shapers-polarizers, into which another system of separators of the orthogonal polarizing radiation components 6 and light absorbers 9 of the reflected radiation component are introduced with installation options for a system of spatially matching rotators of polarizing radiation components.

 In FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a system of radiation shapers-polarizers 3 with inlet and outlet nozzles 10 for a duct of an optically transparent cooling agent.

 In FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a system of radiation formers-polarizers 3 with input and output pipes 10.

 On Fig shows a variant of building a cooling system and connecting it to the system of radiation shapers-polarizers 3.

 1-8 and in the text the following notation is used: 1 - radiation source, 2 - reflector, 3 - system of imaging-polarizers of radiation of a vessel-like shape, 4 - diffuser or protective glass, 5 - system of spatially separated lenses, 6 - system of separators orthogonal polarization components of radiation, 7 - system of beam directors, 8 - system of spatially matching rotators of polarization components of radiation, 9 - absorbers, 10 - inlet and outlet pipes of an optically transparent duct cooling agent, 11 — optically transparent tube, 12 — radiator of the cooling system, 13 — pump for pumping an optically transparent cooling agent, 14 — connecting tubes, 15 — system for stabilizing the plane of polarization of the output radiation.

 Thus, the claimed device is a combined shaper-polarizer of radiation (KPPI) (figure 1) contains: at least one radiation source 1, a reflector 2 and a system of shapers-polarizers of radiation (SFPI) 3 vessel-like shape, which is made of segments-shapers polarization structure, additionally includes a system of spatially spaced lenses 5, a system of separators of orthogonal polarizing components of radiation 6, a system of beam shapers 7 and a system of spatially of the announcing rotators of the polarization components of the radiation 8 and is installed in the focus of the reflector 2, and at least one radiation source 1 is located inside the SPSI 3. In addition, at least one more SPSI 3, at least one more system of orthogonal separators is introduced polarization components of radiation 6, light absorbers 9, antireflection coating, system for stabilizing the plane of polarization of the output radiation 15, each of the lenses of the system of spatially separated lenses is composed on the edge of at least two closed lens parts whose principal axes are mutually offset, a forced ventilation device, an inlet and an outlet pipe 10, an optically transparent tube 11, an optically transparent cooling agent, a cooling system for an optically transparent cooling agent, and retainer-holders.

 The device operates as follows.

 The system of radiation-formers-polarizers (SFPI) 3 of a vessel-like shape of the combined radiation-formers-polarizer (figa, b) can be made in the form of a spherical segment or belt and has the shape of a sphere or, for example, can be made in the form of a spheroid, cylinder, cone or have a different shape, elongated along the axis of the reflector 2 or in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the reflector 2, in addition, can be flattened in one of the planes in accordance with the applied radiation source 1 and installed in the focus of the reflector 2, which It emits a directed radiation flux. Inside SPSI 3, for example, at least one radiation source 1 is located in the geometric center, which is a source of non-polarized radiation, for example an incandescent lamp, or a source of partially polarized or polarized radiation with a different polarization.

 In this case, the systems of SPSI 3 are consistent with each other and oriented in space relative to the radiation source 1 - they are installed at a Brewster angle or close to it relative to the incident radiation (for the system of separators of the orthogonal polarized radiation components) and relative to the reflector 2, which allows the formation of a directed stream of polarized radiation. When located inside the SFPI 3, for example, two radiation sources 1, its systems are oriented accordingly with respect to both radiation sources 1.

 The segments of the SFI 3 can be assembled from systems of radiation shapers-polarizers with cylinder-like systems of spatially separated lenses (Fig. 1a) or from cell cells (Fig. 1b) - systems of radiation shapers-polarizers (Figs. 2-5) or from combinations thereof , each of which has its own angle of rotation of the plane of polarization by the corresponding arrangement of the surfaces of the system of separators of the orthogonal polarizing components of the radiation 6 and the system of beam directors 7 with the subsequent rotation of one if both polarization components of the radiation to the desired setting angle of the polarization plane rotators matching system spatially polarized radiation components 8 or the rotation angle of the polarization plane set by turning on the corresponding corner of the cell-cell system or directly spatially matching polarization rotators radiation components 8.

 When using a reflector 2 from segments, each of which can be flat or has a surface of a given curvature, the rays from each of the systems of radiation shapers-polarizers are directed to the corresponding segments of reflector 2, and when performing SFPI 3 from segments-shapers of a polarizing structure, which can represent for example, polarizers based on polaroids when using a source of unpolarized or partially polarized radiation or rotators of the plane of polarization, or and polarization, e.g., circular linearized using an appropriate source of radiation, each of such segments shaping structure has its polarization angle of the polarization plane.

 When the device is operating, the diverging radiation of the radiation source 1 falls on the SPSI 3 system - on a system of spatially separated lenses 5, converting the radiation into diverging rays of radiation and shadow, a system of separators of orthogonal polarizing radiation components 6, a system of beam directors 7 and a system of spatially matching rotators of polarizing components radiation 8 (Fig.2-5) [2], where the orthogonal polarization components of the radiation are reduced to the same polarization, or the radiation regular enrollment radiation 1 is incident on the polarization-conditioners segments structures, such as the polaroids and thus radiation is converted into diverging rays with a linear polarization in each beam. The rays thus formed incident on the reflector 2, forming a directed radiation flux.

 In this case, the system of SPSI 3 or only a system of spatially matching rotators of the polarization components of the radiation 8, or segments-shapers of the polarization structure for each of the rays orient the plane of radiation polarization in space so that the rays passing through them after reflection from the corresponding sections or segments of the reflector 2 acquire the same plane of polarization and thus form a directed stream of polarized radiation.

 In this case, the angles of installation of the polarization planes of neighboring cells-cells or segments-formers of the polarizing structure of the SFPI 3 can be mutually rotated relative to the optimal position, which will allow the reception of such radiation through a polarizing filter to exclude the mutual position of the source of polarized radiation and the receiver, corresponding to the complete suppression of radiation, and thus reduce the possible modulation with their mutual roll [3].

 To increase the efficiency of converting non-polarized radiation to polarized, at least one more system of radiation shaper-polarizers has been introduced (Fig. 3), while one SFPI is installed inside another SFPI or additionally sequentially, after at least one more system is installed after the radiation shaper-polarizer systems separators of orthogonal polarization components of the radiation 6 (4, 5), and to suppress the reflected component of the radiation contains light absorbers 9, installation options otorrhea shown in Figure 5, which also show variants installation space matching polarization rotators radiation components 8.

 Additionally, the optical systems of the SFPI 3 have an antireflection coating for suppressing reflections from surfaces and optical matching of device systems.

 Additionally, when dispersing or temperature-dependent rotators of the plane of polarization of radiation are used after the system of spatially matching rotators of the polarization components of radiation 8, a stabilization system of the plane of polarization of the output radiation is introduced, which can be made in the form of a system of polarizers-stabilizers of the plane of polarization of the output radiation of a vessel-like shape, for example, based on polaroids or polarizers on the "foot", inside which is installed SFPI 3.

 When using emitter-headlights (figa) of vehicles in which the angles between the rays of radiation incident on the reflector 2 and the angles reflected from it are small, the resulting ellipticity when reflecting the polarized radiation is negligible.

 When using emitters-headlights (fig.1b), in which these angles are large, the ellipticity of the polarized radiation reflected from the reflector 2 can be great, and for such emitters-headlights, a stabilization system for the plane of polarization of the output radiation 15 is introduced, which can be performed, for example , in the form of a film of a nematic liquid crystal substance (LC) with a twist effect [4], mounted on the surface of the reflector 2 or near it, and the directors of the upper layer of the LC are oriented parallel or perpendicular to the plane STI polarization of the incident radiation at each point of the surface, and the lower layer LC director lying on the surface of the reflector 2 or the vicinity thereof, oriented parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the reflector 2, or the direction of the output radiation rays (for diverging light). In this case, the plane of polarization of the radiation incident on the upper layer of the LC radiation, when passing to the surface of the reflector 2, monitors the position of the directors in the layer of the liquid crystal, and when the directors of the upper and lower layers are angled to each other, the plane of polarization of the radiation incident on the reflector 2 is rotated and installed at the surface of the reflector 2 parallel or perpendicular to its axis or the direction of propagation of the rays of the output radiation and, accordingly, lies in the plane of incidence, which excludes depolarization during reflection. Further, the radiation is reflected from the reflector 2 without destroying the polarization structure, again passes through the LC layer, which returns to the initial plane of polarization of the generated SFPI 3 radiation for each point on the surface and is radiated into space. In this case, the LCD has an antireflection coating to prevent reflections from its surface.

 Additionally, to exclude the passage of radiation through the vertices of the separators of the orthogonal polarization components of radiation 6, where it is technologically difficult to fulfill the condition of Brewster’s law, each of the lenses of the system of spatially separated lenses 5 is composed of at least two closed parts of the lenses, the main axes of which are mutually offset, which makes it possible to separate and direct the incident radiation flux only on the surface of the separators of the orthogonal polarizing components of the radiation 6, bypassing their vertices (fig.2b) [2].

 Additionally, for the protection against overheating of the SFPI 3, a forced ventilation device was introduced, for example, a fan that can be installed directly in the headlight of the vehicle, or the SFPI 3 contains an inlet and outlet pipe 10 of the duct of an optically transparent cooling agent, an optically transparent tube 11 (Fig. 6, FIG. .7), which is introduced between the radiation source 1 and the inner surface of the SPSI 3, an optically transparent cooling agent and its cooling system, the region bounded by the inner surface of the SPSI 3 and an optically transparent tube 11, is sealed, contains an optically transparent cooling agent and is connected via an inlet and outlet nozzles 10 to a cooling system of an optically transparent agent, which, for example, contains a radiator 12 that transfers heat from the cooling agent to the external environment, a pump 13 for pumping the cooling agent , connecting tubes 14 (Fig. 8) and a flow control device for an optically transparent coolant - for example, a pressure sensor that, in the absence of pressure in the system, supplies sounding sound and / or optical signal. The inlet and outlet nozzles 10 may have a rectangular shape, while part of the radiation reflected from the reflector 2 when incident on the nozzles 10 passes through them without changing direction.

 Additionally, to fix the set position of the SFPI 3 relative to the radiation source 1 and the reflector 2 contains holders-position fixes SFPI 3.

 Using the invention will allow to obtain a convenient and technological design of a combined radiation shaper-polarizer while maintaining the appearance of standard emitters-headlights of vehicles that use transparent protective glass on the headlights.

LITERATURE
1. US Patent 4,219,867, Aug. 26.1980, F 21 V 9/14.

 2. RU Patent 2150635, 11.17.1998, F 21 V 9/14.

 3. DE Patent 4330708, 09/10/1993, F 21 V 9/14.

 4. Goodman Lawrence A., Meyerhofer Dietrich, Digiovanni Samuel, The effect of surface orientation on the operation of multiplexed twisted-nematic devices. "IEEE Trans. Electron Devices", 1976, 23, N 10, 1176-1182.

Claims (11)

 1. The combined shaper-polarizer of radiation, comprising at least one radiation source, a reflector and a system of shapers-polarizers of radiation, characterized in that the system of shapers-polarizers of radiation has a vessel-like shape, made of segments-shapers of the polarizing structure and is installed in the focus of the reflector, moreover, inside the system of radiation formers-polarizers is located at least one radiation source, and each of the segments-formers of polarization st uktury system formers radiation polarizer is oriented in space relative to the radiation source and the reflector so that the radiation of the radiation source passes through the polarizer formers radiation system, it is reflected by the reflector and becomes polarized.  2. The polarizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of radiation shapers-polarizers contains sequentially installed systems of spatially separated lenses, separators of orthogonal polarization components of radiation, beam shapers and spatially matching rotators of polarizing radiation components that are aligned and oriented in space relative to the radiation source and reflector.  3. The polarizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains at least one more system of radiation formers-polarizers.  4. The polarizer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it contains at least one more system of separators of the orthogonal polarizing radiation components.  5. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 2-4, characterized in that it contains light absorbers.  6. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that it has an antireflection coating.  7. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that it contains a system for stabilizing the plane of polarization of the output radiation.  8. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 2-7, characterized in that each of the lenses of the system of spatially separated lenses is composed of at least two closed parts of the lenses, the main axes of which are mutually offset and oriented relative to the diverging radiation.  9. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, characterized in that it contains a device for forced ventilation of the system of radiation shapers-polarizers.  10. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 1-9, characterized in that it contains the inlet and outlet pipes of the duct of the optically transparent cooling reagent, an optically transparent tube that is inserted between the radiation source and the inner surface of the radiation shaper-polarizer system, an optically transparent cooling reagent, an optical transparent cooling reagent cooling system and connecting tube, and the area bounded by the inner surface of the system of the shapers-polarizers of radiation and an optically transparent tube contains an optically transparent cooling agent and is connected via an inlet and outlet nozzles and connecting tubes to a cooling system of an optically transparent cooling agent.  11. The polarizer according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, characterized in that it contains holders, position fixers of the system of radiation shapers-polarizers relative to the radiation source and reflector.

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