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US20170299173A1 - Fluidized bed heat exchanger - Google Patents
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US20170299173A1 - Fluidized bed heat exchanger - Google Patents

Fluidized bed heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20170299173A1
US20170299173A1 US15/513,404 US201615513404A US2017299173A1 US 20170299173 A1 US20170299173 A1 US 20170299173A1 US 201615513404 A US201615513404 A US 201615513404A US 2017299173 A1 US2017299173 A1 US 2017299173A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
transfer means
fluidized bed
heat exchanger
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/513,404
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Damian Goral
Klaus-Dieter Pohl
Oguzhan Narin
Peter BLÄTTERMANN
Peter Koch
Hans Piechura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doosan Lentjes GmbH
Original Assignee
Doosan Lentjes GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doosan Lentjes GmbH filed Critical Doosan Lentjes GmbH
Assigned to DOOSAN LENTJES GMBH reassignment DOOSAN LENTJES GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PIECHURA, HANS, Goral, Damian, POHL, KLAUS-DIETER, BLATTERMANN, PETER, Narin, Oguzhan, KOCH, PETER
Publication of US20170299173A1 publication Critical patent/US20170299173A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/10—Baffles or deflectors formed as tubes, e.g. in water-tube boilers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a so-called Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger (FBHE) of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Apparatus (CFBA).
  • FBHE Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger
  • CFBA Circulating Fluidized Bed Apparatus
  • the invention starts from an FBHE with a chamber, comprising at least one solid particles inlet port, at least one solid particles outlet port, arranged at a distance to the at least one inlet port, means for introducing a fluidizing gas from a bottom area of said chamber into said chamber and at least one heat transfer means arranged within said chamber.
  • the invention encompasses three structural elements, namely
  • the heat transfer means extend in a vertically lower part of the FBHE chamber and
  • each heat transfer means in the particles flow direction may best be realized by a wall like structure (a substantially flat and compact design of an individual heat transfer means).
  • channels like “cavities/gaps” are arranged between adjacent heat transfer means, which channels extending as well in the flow/transport direction of the solid particles from the chamber entrance towards the outlet area (outlet port) of the chamber.
  • the overall design of this part of the FBHE is similar to a chamber, divided by intermediate walls into compartments, all extending substantially linear between inlet and outlet ports of the FBHE.
  • wall like does not only refer to a cubic design with flat surfaces but the overall volume which the respective heat transfer means take.
  • Tube sections may extend in different directions along two axis of the coordinate system (within the same plane).
  • This design allows the solid particles within the fluidized bed to flow through said spaces/channels between adjacent discrete heat transfer means, namely within said spaces (channels) formed between adjacent heat transfer means, although the material may penetrate the heat transfer means (for example in case of a heat transfer means made of one or more meandering tubes), but to much less extent than in the main flow direction.
  • the at least one baffle extends in an upper part of the FBHE chamber
  • the baffle(s) extend substantially perpendicular to a straight line between inlet port and outlet port and substantially vertical.
  • This at least one baffle does not influence the flow of the solid particles within the part of the FBHE equipped with the heat transfer means as it is arranged above said heat transfer means and only serves to redirect the incoming solid particle stream (downwardly) and to equalize the pressure above the fluidized bed and along the horizontal cross section of the chamber, in particular, if provided with opening(s).
  • the baffles have the function of separation walls and avoid short circuits of the solid material flow (directly from the inlet port to the outlet port). They urge the solid particle stream to penetrate into the heat transfer zone between the heat transfer means (the channels mentioned above).
  • the invention further provides a structural connection of said heat transfer means with said baffle(s), i.e. some kind of a coupling to
  • extensions may be bars, posts etc but preferably fluid transport means like tubes/pipes, allowing to increase the overall heat exchange surface at the same time, if water/steam flows through these extension pipes/tubes, which may be fluidly connected to any of the tubes of the heat transfer tubes and/or the baffles pipes.
  • the extensions may be regarded as part of the baffle installation and/or as part of the heat transfer means, both in a thermotechnical sense.
  • the extensions may have a small cross section as they extend within the space between adjacent heat transfer means and should avoid any unfavorable slowdown of the solid material flowing there through.
  • the (horizontal) cross section (corresponding to the flow through area of the fluid) should be less than 50%, better ⁇ 40%, ⁇ 30%, ⁇ 20% or even ⁇ 10% of the horizontal distance between corresponding adjacent heat transfer means.
  • connections/couplings may be realized by any conventional clamping mechanism as known to the skilled person from other applications.
  • These clamping means may by hooks, brackets, clips, clamps, braces or the like.
  • FIG. 1 A first figure.
  • FIG. 1 discloses the general concept of a fluidized bed apparatus and its main components according to the present invention.
  • the invention includes one or more of the following features:
  • the fluidized bed heat exchanger 24 displays an inlet port 22 at its upper end (in FIG. 2 : top left) and an outlet port 30 at its upper end (in FIG. 2 : top right), i. e. opposite to each other.
  • Said outlet port 30 provides return means for solid particles which are further transported along a transfer duct into chamber 14 .
  • a common wall 14 w of chamber 14 and FBHE 24 is also displayed.
  • Outlet port 30 comprises multiple flow through openings, arranged in a horizontal row with a distance to each other along a corresponding wall section of said wall 14 w.
  • Said wall 14 w is water-cooled, namely constructed of vertically extending tubes with fins running between adjacent tubes.
  • the tubes are cooled by water fed through said tubes.
  • the through holes having the function of discrete outlet ports are shown in FIG. 2 in a slightly inclined orientation, with a lower end towards the fluidized bed heat exchanger 24 and a higher end towards the fluidized bed reactor chamber 14 .
  • This inclined orientation can be provided as part of a 3-dimensional profile (for example as a convexity 14 w ′) of said wall 14 w towards the inner space/chamber of the fluidized bed heat exchanger 24 as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2 and characterized by numeral 30 ′.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 display the design and construction of a type of heat transfer means 28 within the fluidized bed heat exchanger 24 .
  • FIG. 2 only one of said heat transfer means is shown. Further heat transfer means of equal design are placed at a distance to each other within FBHE 24 (perpendicular to the plane of projection), as schematically shown in FIG. 4 .
  • each of said means 28 is designed in a wall-like pattern and extending substantially parallel to the main flow direction of the solid particles on their way to and through the outlet port 30 , symbolized in FIG. 2 by arrow S.
  • All tubes 28 are connected to the same feeding line 42 and outlet line 44 .
  • the meandering tubes not only give the heat transfer means 28 a wall-like pattern but as well a grate-like structure to allow the particulate material to pass through as well in another horizontal direction, although to much less extent.
  • the horizontally extending sections of said tubes are about ten times longer than the vertically extending sections ( FIG. 2 is not drawn to scale). Adjacent horizontal sections extent to a distance to each other being about the tube diameter.
  • each of said wall-like heat transfer means 28 extends from slightly above bottom 24 b (or more precisely: from slightly above air nozzles 46 , arranged in said bottom 24 b , see FIG. 2 ) to slightly below inlet port 22 and from slightly off wall 14 w to slightly off opposite wall 24 w.
  • the particulate material may take a direct way from the inlet port 22 to the outlet port 30 (see arrow S) along the channels/gaps C formed between adjacent tubes (heat transfer means), as may be seen in FIG. 3 .
  • Fluidization of the particulate material within FBHE 24 is achieved by said air nozzles 46 in the bottom area 24 b .
  • the particulate material is circulated by said purging means within FBHE 24 in order to optimize heat transfer from the hot solid particles P into the steam flowing within tube like heat transfer means 28 at a temperature of typically 300-625° C. and a pressure of between 80 and 300 bar.
  • the embodiment displayed further includes two baffles 50 , 52 , which extent from ceiling 24 c downwardly, ending shortly above heat transfer means 28 .
  • These baffles 50 , 52 extend substantially perpendicular to a straight line between inlet port 22 and outlet port 30 (dotted line L), i.e. perpendicular to the wall like heat transfer means 28 .
  • Both baffles 50 , 52 extend between opposite walls of FBHE 24 (only one, namely 24 s is shown), being the walls bridging said walls 14 w , 24 w .
  • the baffles 50 , 52 are arranged at a distance to each other.
  • Each of said baffles 50 , 52 comprise one opening O (see FIG. 4 ) to allow pressure adjustment (equalization) within the inner space of FBHE 24 .
  • the said baffle(s) 50 , 52 are further designed like a curtain, made of pipes, through which water of 270-374° C. at 90-320 bar is fed.
  • baffles 50 , 52 urge the particulate material, flowing into chamber 10 via inlet port 22 , to move downwardly (see arrow S) at baffle 50 and then to flow through said channels C ( FIGS. 3,4 ) between adjacent heat transfer means 28 on their way between inlet port 22 and outlet port 30 .
  • FIG. 4 shown the meandering wall like structure of heat transfer means (tubes) 28 , again only schematically for better illustration.
  • FIG. 4 shown the meandering wall like structure of heat transfer means (tubes) 28 , again only schematically for better illustration.
  • baffles 50 , 52 In view of the size of an industrial FBHE and the amount of solid material passing there through the skilled person will design the exact number, size and arrangement of heat transfer means 28 , baffles 50 , 52 , air nozzles 46 etc. in accordance with the specific demand.
  • FIG. 4,5 further display pipe-like extensions E, extending from the respective baffle 50 , 52 downwardly and into the spaces C between adjacent heat transfer means 28 .
  • the extensions E are in fluid communication with a central feeding line CFL to which pressure pipes PP are connected, which define the corresponding baffle 50 , 52 .
  • Each baffle 50 , 52 is made of one or more of such pressure pipes PP, arranged similarly as the heat exchange tubes ET of heat transfer means 28 to allow water of 270-400° C. and 90-320 bar pressure passing there through.
  • Each bracket/coupling B has a beam-like design with 3 openings through which 2 corresponding tube sections of a heat exchange tube ET and one section of a corresponding pipe extension E extend.
  • the said brackets B are made of steel half shelves, laid around the corresponding pipe/tube and then closed by a screw, bolt, clamp or the like.
  • each pipe extension E is about 20% of the distance (width of channel C) between adjacent all like heat transfer means 28 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
US15/513,404 2015-02-04 2016-01-08 Fluidized bed heat exchanger Abandoned US20170299173A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15153815.4 2015-02-04
EP15153815.4A EP3054215B1 (en) 2015-02-04 2015-02-04 Fluidized bed heat exchanger
PCT/EP2016/050273 WO2016124353A1 (en) 2015-02-04 2016-01-08 Fluidized bed heat exchanger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20170299173A1 true US20170299173A1 (en) 2017-10-19

Family

ID=52446273

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/513,404 Abandoned US20170299173A1 (en) 2015-02-04 2016-01-08 Fluidized bed heat exchanger

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20170299173A1 (sr)
EP (1) EP3054215B1 (sr)
CN (1) CN106796026A (sr)
PL (1) PL3054215T3 (sr)
RS (1) RS56059B1 (sr)
WO (1) WO2016124353A1 (sr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1852363A (en) * 1928-06-16 1932-04-05 Whitlock Coil Pipe Company Heat exchanger
US4253425A (en) * 1979-01-31 1981-03-03 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Internal dust recirculation system for a fluidized bed heat exchanger
US4307777A (en) * 1979-11-30 1981-12-29 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Heat exchanger tube support
US4615715A (en) 1985-03-15 1986-10-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Water-cooled cyclone separator
ES2099983T5 (es) * 1992-11-10 2002-08-16 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Procedimiento y aparato para el funcionamiento de un sistema reactor de lecho fluidizado circulante.
US5840258A (en) * 1992-11-10 1998-11-24 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Method and apparatus for transporting solid particles from one chamber to another chamber
FI102316B1 (fi) * 1996-06-05 1998-11-13 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Menetelmä ja laite kiintoainesuspensioiden haitallisten komponenttien lämmönsiirtopinnoille aiheuttaman korroosion vähentämiseksi
US5943985A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-08-31 Hartman; Ernest L. Welded bracket for supporting superheat and reheat assembly tubing on steam cooled hanger tubes
FI110205B (fi) * 1998-10-02 2002-12-13 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Menetelmä ja laite leijupetilämmönsiirtimessä
FI114289B (fi) 2000-04-07 2004-09-30 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Laite hiukkasten erottamiseksi kuumista kaasuista
US20140262172A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Koch Heat Transfer Company, Lp Tube bundle for shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a method of use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3054215B1 (en) 2017-04-19
EP3054215A1 (en) 2016-08-10
RS56059B1 (sr) 2017-09-29
CN106796026A (zh) 2017-05-31
WO2016124353A1 (en) 2016-08-11
PL3054215T3 (pl) 2017-08-31

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: DOOSAN LENTJES GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GORAL, DAMIAN;POHL, KLAUS-DIETER;NARIN, OGUZHAN;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20170326 TO 20170406;REEL/FRAME:042439/0039

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION