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US7720985B2 - Content receiving apparatus and content receiving method - Google Patents
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US7720985B2 - Content receiving apparatus and content receiving method - Google Patents

Content receiving apparatus and content receiving method Download PDF

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US7720985B2
US7720985B2 US11/502,297 US50229706A US7720985B2 US 7720985 B2 US7720985 B2 US 7720985B2 US 50229706 A US50229706 A US 50229706A US 7720985 B2 US7720985 B2 US 7720985B2
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Prior art keywords
data
content data
reception buffer
received
server
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US20070050479A1 (en
Inventor
Michiaki Yoneda
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1059—End-user terminal functionalities specially adapted for real-time communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/764—Media network packet handling at the destination 

Definitions

  • the present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2005-242363 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Aug. 24, 2005, the entire contents of which being incorporated herein by reference.
  • the invention relates to a content receiving apparatus and a content receiving method which can receive content such as music content or the like transmitted from a server to a client and reproduce the distributed music content in the client.
  • a content distributing system in which a client requests content in a server through a network, the server transmits the content to the client, and the client reproduces the content has been known.
  • a system in which a home LAN (Local Area Network) is set and music content received from the server is reproduced by speakers in a room away from the server can be constructed.
  • a pause function for temporarily stopping the reproduction by the reproduction temporarily stopping hereinafter, referred to as “pause” operation and starting the reproduction from a point of time of the temporary stop by the cancellation of the pause.
  • pause for temporarily stopping the reproduction by the reproduction temporarily stopping
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the stop of the data reception corresponds to a process for setting a window size to 0.
  • the server receives the window size set in ACK (Acknowledgement) from the client. Since it is difficult for the server to transmit the data exceeding the window size, if the window size is set to 0, the server also stops the transmission of the data. In this state, data in a reception buffer is held and zero data is continuously transmitted to a D/A converter.
  • the window size is set to a predetermined size from 0 and the data reception is restarted.
  • the received data is sent to the D/A converter and the reproduction of the music content is restarted.
  • the server transmits the non-transmission data to the client before the server disconnects the connection, thereafter, sets a flag FIN to “1”, and disconnects the connection.
  • the client restarts the data reception by the pause cancellation upon disconnection of the connection by the server side, a state where the connection is disconnected after the client received the non-transmission data occurs. That is, since the data is continuously sent, the client regards that the connection is continued and he starts the reproduction. However, since the connection is disconnected by the server side after the reception of the non-transmission data, the client requests the data from the server from the position where the transmission has been stopped or paused again. At this time, there is such a problem that a reproduction sound is temporarily cut.
  • a content receiving apparatus comprising: a communicating unit connecting to a server; a reception buffer receiving content data transmitted from the server through the communicating unit and storing the received content data; a content reproducing unit reproducing the content data read out of the reception buffer; a control unit controlling the communicating unit and the reception buffer; and an operating unit supplying an operation signal to the control unit, wherein the control unit stops the reception of the content data and stops an output of the content data to the reproducing unit from the reception buffer in accordance with a reproduction temporary stop instruction which is supplied from the operating unit, restarts the reception of the content data in accordance with a reproduction temporary stop cancellation instruction which is supplied from the operating unit, writes the received content data into the reception buffer, discriminates whether or not a signal to disconnect the connection has been received from the server after the restart of the reception of the content data, if the signal to disconnect the connection is not received, writes a predetermined amount of received content data into the reception buffer, thereafter, starts the reading from the reception buffer, outputs the read-out data
  • a content receiving method comprising: a reproducing step of receiving content data from a server, writing the content data into a reception buffer, reading out the content data from the reception buffer, and outputting the read-out content data to a reproducing unit; a step of generating a reproduction temporary stop instruction in the reproducing step; a reproduction temporary stopping step of stopping the reception of the content data and stopping an output of the content data to the reproducing unit from the reception buffer in accordance with the reproduction temporary stop instruction; a step of restarting the reception of the content data in accordance with a reproduction temporary stop cancellation instruction and writing the received content data into the reception buffer; a step of discriminating whether or not a signal to disconnect the connection has been received from the server after the restart of the reception of the content data; and a step of, if the signal to disconnect the connection is not received, writing a predetermined amount of received content data into the reception buffer, thereafter, starting the reading from the reception buffer, outputting the read-out data to the reproducing unit, and restarting
  • an area of a size of a transmission buffer of the server or larger is assured as a writable reusable area in the reception buffer with a construction of a ring buffer.
  • the writing into the reception buffer is started first.
  • the data is outputted to the reproducing unit from the reception buffer and the reproducing operation is restarted. If the signal to disconnect the connection is received from the server side after the start of the writing into the reception buffer, whether or not up to the last data of the content has been received is discriminated. If up to the last data is not received, after the remaining content data was received from the server, the reproduction is restarted. Consequently, the interruption of the reproduction after the non-transmission data was reproduced can be prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a content distributing system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of content information
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an outline of a process for distributing music content
  • FIGS. 4A , 4 B, and 4 Care schematic diagrams showing writing and reading processes of a reception buffer in the embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 5A , 5 B, and 5 C are schematic diagrams showing the writing and reading processes of the reception buffer in the embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow for processes in the case where the client instructs the pause in the embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a flow for processes in the case where the client instructs the pause cancellation in the embodiment of the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a content reproducing system according to the embodiment.
  • the content reproducing system 1 has a construction in which a server 2 for distributing content and a client 3 for reproducing the content are connected through a network such as LAN.
  • the network 3 maybe either a wired network or a wireless network.
  • the wired LAN is used and a switching hub 4 for relaying communication is provided.
  • the server 2 and the client 3 which are set in different rooms are connected through, for example, the home LAN.
  • the “content” denotes whole information such as text, still image, motion image, music, and the like which can be monitored.
  • the embodiment relates to an example in which music content is reproduced.
  • the client 3 can execute streaming reproduction for reproducing the content data while receiving it by a network protocol called TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)/IP (Internet Protocol).
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the TCP is a transmission control protocol and enables communication between processes which are being executed by different computers.
  • the IP is a protocol for enabling data transmission between the computers on different networks. On the basis of a received IP address, the IP designates a path by deciding the path along which the transferred information should be transmitted. On a communication path of a hardware level, data is transmitted and received in a form of a packet. A transmitting source address, data which is transferred, and a destination address are included in each packet.
  • the server 2 is constructed by: a content storing unit 21 in which music content has been stored; a content information storing unit 22 in which content information regarding the music content has been stored; a communicating unit 23 for communicating with the client 3 ; a music content providing unit 24 for making a service to provide the music content; and a system control unit 25 for controlling the whole operation of the server 2 .
  • a buffer for transmission has been provided for the communicating unit 23 .
  • the content storing unit 21 has a construction in which a number of music content have been stored on, for example, a hard disk.
  • the content information regarding the stored music content has been stored in the content information storing unit 22 .
  • the content information is information regarding the music pieces based on a unit such as album, artist, or the like.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the content information stored in the content information storing unit 22 .
  • a content number is allocated to each music content. With respect to each content, a name of the content, a content type, a sampling frequency, the number of channels, the number of bits, and a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) have been held as content information.
  • the content type indicates linear PCM, MP3, ATRAC, or the like.
  • the sampling frequency indicates a sampling frequency of a digital music signal, for example, 48 kHz.
  • the number of channels indicates “stereophonic 2 channels”, “multichannel”, or the like.
  • the number of bits indicates the number of bits per sample, for example, 16 bits, 24 bits, or the like.
  • the URL is provided for the client 3 to access the content for the server 2 . It is unnecessary that all of those items exist. Another item such as a reproducing time may be provided.
  • the content information is transmitted to the client 3 from the server 2 and used to set a reproducing unit 33 of the client 3 .
  • the compression-encoded music content is decoded in the server 2 and distributed to the client 3 as a linear PCM signal after the decoding.
  • FIG. 3 shows an outline of processes in the case where the music content stored in the content storing unit 21 is provided to the client 3 by the music content providing unit 24 music content providing unit 24 .
  • the music content providing unit 24 reads out the content information from the content information storing unit 22 as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the read-out content information is transmitted to the client 3 through the communicating unit 23 (process I).
  • the URL is included in the transmitted content information.
  • the client 3 who received the content information designates the music content which he wants to reproduce with reference to the content information. For example, the content information is displayed in a display unit of the client 3 . A cursor is positioned to desired content information. By clicking here, the music content is designated. Information to specify the designated music content, for example, the URL is transmitted to the server 2 from the client 3 (process II).
  • the music content providing unit 24 reads out the music content data designated by the URL received from the client 3 through the communicating unit 23 from the content storing unit 21 , and the read-out data is transmitted to the client 3 through the communicating unit 23 (process III).
  • the client 3 has a construction, which will be explained hereinafter, and reproduces the received music content data.
  • the client has a communicating unit 31 for communicating with the server 2 .
  • the music content data received from the server 2 is stored into a reception buffer 32 with a construction of a ring buffer.
  • the reception data read out of the reception buffer 32 is supplied to the reproducing unit 33 .
  • the reproducing unit 33 has a D/A converter for converting the reception data into an analog music signal.
  • the analog music signal which is outputted from the reproducing unit 33 is amplified by an amplifier 34 and reproduced by speakers 35 .
  • the reproducing unit 33 is constructed by the D/A converter in order to receive the linear PCM signal.
  • a decoder for decompression-decoding is provided for the reproducing unit 33 .
  • a reception buffer for communication is provided for the communicating unit 31 separately from the reception buffer 32 .
  • the reception buffer for communication is provided to store the content data which is received by one communication.
  • a data amount of the content data which is transmitted by one communication by the server that is, a size of transmission buffer is assumed to be larger than a data amount of the content data which is received by the client 3 , that is, a size of reception buffer for communication. Therefore, the server 2 separately transmits the content data stored in the transmission buffer to the client 3 a plurality of number of times.
  • a system control unit 36 to control the whole operation of the client 3 is provided.
  • the following units are also provided: an input unit 37 for accepting the operation such as switching operation of the user, operation by a remote control apparatus, operation of a GUI (Graphical User Interface), or the like and supplying a signal corresponding to the operation to the system control unit 36 ; and a display unit 38 for displaying the received content information, displaying an operating mode of the client 3 , or displaying a screen for the GUI.
  • the system control unit 36 controls the operation of the client 3 in accordance with an operation signal from the input unit 37 . That is, the communication with the server 2 , the reproducing process of the received music content data, and the like are controlled by the system control unit 36 .
  • the system control unit 36 transmits a transmitting request of the content information to the server 2 and receives the content information from the server 2 as described as a process I in FIG. 3 .
  • the received content information is displayed on the display unit 38 .
  • the user of the client 3 designates the music content which he wants to reproduce with reference to the displayed content information.
  • the user may designate the content number of the music content by a key input or the like of the remote control apparatus or may move the cursor on the displayed content information and execute the deciding operation at a position of desired music content.
  • the reproducing unit 33 is set so that the designated content can be reproduced.
  • the information to designate the music content for example, the URL is transmitted to the server 2 .
  • the server 2 reads out the designated music content data from the content storing unit 21 and transmits it to the client 3 .
  • the music content data distributed from the server 2 is received by the client 3 and written into the reception buffer 32 .
  • the reproduction is started from the stage after completion of the writing of a predetermined amount of data which can be reproduced.
  • the client 3 reproduces the music content while receiving the music content data.
  • FIGS. 4A to 4C and 5 A to 5 C are diagrams for explaining the operation of the embodiment by using the reception buffer 32 of the client 3 .
  • the reception buffer 32 has the construction of the ring buffer in which the writing and the reading can be executed in parallel.
  • the writing position and the reading position sequentially change from the left edge to the right edge of the drawing. When the writing position and the reading position reach the right edge, they are returned to the left edge.
  • a write pointer is updated at a point of time when the writing has been finished and indicates a next writing start position.
  • a read pointer indicates a reading start position.
  • the read pointer is also updated in a manner similar to the write pointer. Further, a hatched region shows a region where the writing has already been performed and the reading is not performed yet in the reception buffer 32 .
  • a non-hatched region shows a reusable region where data can be overwritten.
  • FIG. 4A shows the operation of the reception buffer 32 upon reproduction.
  • the music content data read out of the reception buffer 32 is D/A converted into the analog music signal by the reproducing unit 33 .
  • the analog music signal is reproduced from the speakers 35 through the amplifier 34 .
  • the reproduction is started from the stage when the music content data of an amount necessary for reproduction has been stored in the reception buffer 32 .
  • the music content data received from the server 2 is written into the reusable area in the reception buffer 32 .
  • a receiving/writing speed of the music content data received through the communicating unit 31 is assumed to be higher than that of the data which is outputted to the reproducing unit 33 . Therefore, at a point where the read pointer has advanced the position obtained by adding a data amount which is equal to or larger than a predetermined data amount Ma to the position of the previous read pointer, the writing of the reception data is started and the position of the write pointer is updated. After that, the writing operation is waited until the read pointer advances the position obtained by adding the data amount which is equal to or larger than the predetermined data amount Ma to the position of the previous write pointer.
  • the predetermined data amount Ma is equal to or larger than the size of reception buffer for communication of the client 3 .
  • the predetermined data amount Ma is assumed to be equal to the size of transmission buffer of the server 2 .
  • the client 3 can also execute the operations such as stop, pause, and the like in response to the operation of the user in a manner similar to the case where they can be performed in a music player. Control in the case of performing the pause during the reproduction will be described hereinbelow.
  • the reading from the reception buffer 32 is stopped and zero data is sent to the D/A converter in the reproducing unit 33 . Therefore, no sound is reproduced from the speakers 35 .
  • Information of a reproduction elapsed time until the pause is performed from the head of a music piece is held.
  • the reproduction elapsed time is calculated on the basis of the amount of data sent from the reception buffer 32 to the reproducing unit 33 from the head of the music piece, the sampling frequency, the number of channels, and the number of bits. For example, the reproduction elapsed time is calculated up to the digit of ( 1/1000) second.
  • the apparatus When the apparatus enters the pause mode, the reception of the music content data is stopped.
  • the data reception In the TCP, by setting the window size to 0, the data reception can be stopped. Since it is difficult for the server to transmit the data exceeding the window size, if the window size is set to 0, the transmission of the data is also stopped.
  • the reading from the reception buffer 32 is restarted.
  • the window size is changed from 0 to a predetermined size, thereby enabling the data reception.
  • the read-out data is sent to the reproducing unit 33 and the reproduction of the music content is restarted.
  • Such a method does not cause a problem in the state where the connection is continued. However, if the connection is disconnected on the server side, a problem occurs. If the amount of data which is transmitted and received once by the TCP on the server side is larger than that on the client side, when the data reception is stopped with the connection continued, the non-transmission data remains in the transmission buffer of the server.
  • the process to disconnect the connection by the application program of the server side is executed by setting FIN as a flag of the TCP to “1”.
  • the cutting process is executed.
  • the client cancels the pause the non-transmission data remaining in the transmission buffer of the server is sent to the client. Since the data is successively sent, the client regards that the connection is continued, and it starts the reproduction.
  • the FIN is set to “1” during or after the transmission of the non-transmission data and the connection is disconnected.
  • the client requests the data of the music content after the disconnection of the connection from the server.
  • a problem of a sound-cut in which no reproduction sound is temporarily obtained for a period of time during which the connection is established and the requested data is received from the server occurs.
  • the invention intends to solve such a problem that the sound is temporarily cut at the time of the pause cancellation when the non-transmission data remains as mentioned above.
  • step S 1 the data reception is stopped, the reading from the reception buffer 32 is stopped, and the data 0 is transmitted to the reproducing unit 33 . Since the data 0 is transmitted, a silent mode is obtained. Since the linear PCM signal is received as music content data in the embodiment, the D/A converting process is executed in the reproducing unit 33 . Therefore, the D/A converter is used as a terminology corresponding to the reproducing unit 33 .
  • the stop of the data reception is executed by setting the window size of the TCP to “0”. It is difficult for the server 2 which received the window size “0” to transmit new data until the window is opened. To maintain the connection, the server 2 transmits a probe segment to the client 3 . The client 3 receives the probe segment and notifies the server 2 of the order number which is expected next and the present window size (that is, 0), thereby maintaining the connection.
  • step S 2 whether or not a predetermined time of, for example, 30 seconds has elapsed in the pause mode is discriminated. This discrimination is made to avoid an inconvenience which occurs because the connection that is not used exists for the predetermined time or longer, for example, a wasteful use of resources. If it is determined that the predetermined time does not elapse, whether or not the connection has been disconnected from the server 2 side is discriminated in step S 3 . If it is determined that the connection is not disconnected, whether or not the pause cancellation has been instructed is discriminated in step S 6 . If it is determined that the pause cancellation is not instructed, the control is returned to step S 2 (discrimination about the elapse of the predetermined time). If it is determined in step S 6 that the pause cancellation has been instructed, a process of step S 20 is executed.
  • step S 20 Since the connection to the server 2 is not disconnected until the processing routine advances to step S 20 , the reception buffer 32 is not erased and the non-transmission data remaining in the transmission buffer is not abandoned. Therefore, by restarting the reception from the non-transmission data, the reproduction can be immediately restarted from the same position. However, as mentioned above, if the connection is disconnected by the application program of the server after the cancellation of the pause in step S 6 , the problem of the sound-cut occurs. Therefore, whether or not the connection has been disconnected after the restart of the data reception is discriminated and the proper process is executed in step S 20 .
  • step S 2 If it is determined in step S 2 that the predetermined time has elapsed, the client 3 disconnects the connection to the server 2 in step S 4 . Since the connection is disconnected, the non-transmission data remaining in the transmission buffer of the server 2 is abandoned.
  • step S 5 the data held in the reception buffer 32 is erased and the transmission of the data 0 to the D/A converter is continued. The reproduction elapsed time until the pause is performed from the head of the music piece is calculated on the basis of the amount of data transmitted to the D/A converter from the reception buffer 32 , the sampling frequency, the number of channels, the number of bits, and the like. The obtained reproduction elapsed time is held. If it is determined in step S 3 that the connection has been disconnected from the server 2 side, the process of step S 5 is also executed.
  • step S 8 whether or not the pause cancellation has been instructed is discriminated in step S 8 . If it is determined that the pause cancellation has been instructed, the client 3 requests the content data of the packet including the reproduction elapsed time from the server 2 from the information of the pause position in step S 9 . The server 2 transmits the content data including the reproducible packet from the reproduction elapsed time.
  • the client 3 receives the data from the server 2 (step S 10 ). Whether or not a predetermined amount of data necessary for reproduction has been stored in the reception buffer 32 is discriminated in step S 11 . If it is determined that the predetermined amount of data has been stored in the reception buffer 32 , the output of the data from the reception buffer 32 to the D/A converter is started in step S 12 . As mentioned above, the reproduction from the pause position is started.
  • step S 20 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C , 5 A to 5 C, and 7 . If it is determined in step S 6 that the pause has been cancelled, the data reception is restarted in step S 21 . The state just after the pause cancellation is shown in FIG. 4B . The reading is not started yet and only the writing is executed.
  • FIG. 4C shows the state where the data up to the position before the read pointer has been received.
  • step S 24 the reading is executed as shown in FIG. 5A and the writing is waited until an interval between the write pointer and the read pointer is equal to or larger than the size of transmission buffer of the server.
  • the read-out data is outputted as a reproduction sound. After that, the writing and the reading of the reception buffer 32 are executed in a manner similar to the reproducing operation.
  • step S 25 whether or not the data up to the end of the music piece has been received is discriminated in step S 25 .
  • the process in which the server 2 has transmitted the data up to the end of the music piece and has transmitted the flag FIN and the connection is disconnected is a normal disconnecting process.
  • the process in which the server 2 does not transmit the data up to the end of the music piece and the connection is disconnected is an abnormal disconnecting process. Whether or not the data up to the end of the music piece has been received can be discriminated by, for instance, comparing the data amount of the music piece which can be known by the content information such as a total playing time with the transmission data amount to the D/A converter.
  • step S 25 If it is determined in step S 25 that the data up to the end of the music piece has been received, the processing routine advances to step S 24 .
  • step S 24 a process for reading out the data from the reception buffer 32 and outputting the read-out data to the D/A converter is executed.
  • step S 26 the reception buffer 32 is erased.
  • the zero data is outputted to the D/A converter.
  • the measurement of the reproduction elapsed time is continued and the measured reproduction elapsed time is held.
  • FIG. 5B shows the state where the reception buffer 32 has been erased. Both of the write pointer and the read pointer are located at an initial position.
  • the client 3 calculates the reproduction elapsed time from the information showing the pause position and requests the content data in which the reproducing time is set to the timing for starting the reproduction from the server 2 in step S 27 .
  • the server 2 transmits the content data including the reproducible packet from the reproduction elapsed time.
  • the client 3 receives the data from the server 2 (step S 28 ). Whether or not the predetermined amount of data necessary for reproduction has been stored in the reception buffer 32 is discriminated in step S 29 . If it is determined that the predetermined amount of data has been stored in the reception buffer 32 , the output of the data from the reception buffer 32 to the D/A converter is started in step S 30 .
  • FIG. 5C shows the reproducing operation of step S 30 . In this manner, the reproduction from the pause position is started.
  • the reproduction of the music which is being reproduced is temporarily stopped, since the client 3 controls the pause operation, the reproduction can be restarted from the same position by cancelling the pause within the predetermined time.
  • the reproduction of the music has temporarily been stopped and this stop state is continued for the predetermined time or longer
  • the information of the reproduction elapsed time has been held
  • the reproduction can be restarted from the same position.
  • the connection has been disconnected by the application program of the server 2 because the pause state is continued for the predetermined time or longer or the server 2 has executed another process with a high priority
  • the reproduction can be restarted from the same position.
  • a load of the server 2 can be lightened.
  • the data reception is restarted, the writing into the reception buffer is executed first, and the connection is not disconnected from the server side, the data up to the position before the read pointer is received and the reading is subsequently started.
  • the data reception is restarted, and the connection is disconnected from the server side before the data up to the position before the read pointer is received, whether the disconnection has been made on the way of the music piece or in the end of the music piece is discriminated. If it is decided that the disconnection has been made on the way of the music piece, the reception buffer 32 is erased and the client requests the data from the position of the pause cancellation from the server 2 and newly receives the data. After the data of the predetermined amount or more was stored in the reception buffer 32 , the data is read out and the reproduction is restarted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Reverberation, Karaoke And Other Acoustics (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
US11/502,297 2005-08-24 2006-08-10 Content receiving apparatus and content receiving method Expired - Fee Related US7720985B2 (en)

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JPJP2005-242363 2005-08-24
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