WO2018235216A1 - Electromagnetic brake test method and elevator apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

This electromagnetic brake testing method is for an elevator apparatus provided with an electromagnetic brake device that is provided with a car lifted/lowered in a hoistway, a balance weight counterbalanced with the car, a main rope for suspending the car at one end and the balance weight at the other end, a winding machine for lifting/lowering the car by driving the main rope, an electromagnetic braking device including two electromagnetic brakes for braking the winding machine, and a control device that controls the winding machine and the two electromagnetic brakes individually, the electromagnetic brake testing method being characterized by comprising: a step for driving the winding machine while keeping the two electromagnetic brakes in a non-braking state; a step for setting one of the electromagnetic brakes in a braking state when the car has reached a rated speed; a step for determining abnormality of said one of the electromagnetic brakes on the basis of a change in the speed of the car; and a step for setting the other electromagnetic brake in a braking state when said one of the electromagnetic brakes is determined to be abnormal.

Description

Electromagnetic brake test method and elevator apparatus

The present invention relates to a test method for diagnosing a braking force at one-side braking of an electromagnetic brake device of an elevator apparatus.

Some of the overseas standards of elevators require a braking force confirmation test at one of the two electromagnetic brakes of the electromagnetic brake device provided in the hoisting machine at the time of pre-completion inspection. This test is a test to make sure that the single-side brake is braked and the car is sufficiently decelerated while the car with the rated load is traveling at the rated speed.

Here, as a prior art related to the present technical field, there is Patent Document 1, and in the claims, “the independent brake coil and the actuation mechanism provided independently for the hoisting motor for holding stationary, are provided. A brake control device for independently controlling the at least two sets of electromagnetic brakes by independently supplying current to at least two sets of electromagnetic brakes having the above-mentioned and the independent at least two sets of brake coils; A pulse generator for detecting a rotation angle of a motor, and a control means for inputting a power command through the power conversion means at the time of operation of the hoisting motor based on the rotation angle and inputting a brake release command to the brake control device And said control means is configured to control said brake control unit during a no-load stop when there are no passengers in the car. More specifically, current is supplied to only one brake coil of the electromagnetic brakes, and only the one electromagnetic brake is released, and the other electromagnetic brake that is not open supports the unbalanced torque of the no load car and the counterweight. An elevator control device is described that is characterized by determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the electromagnetic brake by confirming whether or not it is possible.

JP 2008-207898 A

However, the test described in Patent Document 1 is to check whether the unbalanced torque can be supported by only one electromagnetic brake during no-load stop where no passenger is in the car, and some overseas It can not cope with the one-side brake braking force test during driving required by the standard.

In the case of an elevator apparatus in which the hoisting machine is installed in a machine room, one-sided brake braking force test required by a part of the overseas standards requires an operator in the machine room and an electromagnetic brake during rated speed traveling of a car. This can be achieved by interrupting the power supply to the device to put both electromagnetic brakes in the braking state, and at the same time the operator operates the manual lever to forcibly open only one of the electromagnetic brakes and put it in the non-braking state. In addition to the fact that the worker needs to move to the machine room and the forced opening operation at an appropriate timing, the worker must judge the presence or absence of abnormality of the electromagnetic brake device, and the braking state If there is a problem with the electromagnetic brakes, it is complicated that it is necessary to stop the car safely by releasing the forced release electromagnetic brakes and putting them in a braking state at the discretion of the operator. Add to , There is a problem that test quality is largely dependent on the skill level of workers.

In addition, in a machine room-less elevator apparatus in which a hoisting machine is installed in a hoistway, an external power supply for forcibly opening only one brake and bringing it into a non-braking state is required and its connection work. It is difficult to carry out the preparation and connection work of the external power supply for each delivery destination, and it is necessary to prepare an emergency stop means when one side of the brake can not be braked at the time of testing. In comparison, more extensive measures are required.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus in which preparation of an external power source and its connection operation are eliminated and a car can be safely stopped when deceleration can not be performed during a test.

In order to solve the above problems, according to the electromagnetic brake test method of an elevator apparatus of the present invention, a rider moving up and down in a hoistway, a counterweight which balances the rider and the rider, and hanging the car at one end to the other end An electromagnetic brake device comprising: a main rope for suspending the counterweight; a hoist driving the main rope to raise and lower the car; an electromagnetic brake device including two electromagnetic brakes for braking the hoist; Method of testing an electromagnetic brake device of an elevator apparatus comprising: a controller and a control device for individually controlling the two electromagnetic brakes, wherein the winding machine is driven while both electromagnetic brakes are in a non-braking state A step of putting one electromagnetic brake into a braking state when the car reaches a rated speed, and a difference between the one electromagnetic brake based on a change in speed of the car A step of determining, when the one electromagnetic brake is determined to be abnormal, comprising the steps of the other electromagnetic brake to the braking state, the.

According to the one-side brake test method of the elevator apparatus of the present invention, preparation of the external power supply and the connection operation thereof can be eliminated, and the car can be safely stopped if the vehicle can not be decelerated during the test. In addition, the subject except having mentioned above, a structure, and an effect are clarified by description of the following embodiment.

It is a schematic block diagram of the electromagnetic brake apparatus and the electromagnetic brake control apparatus of the elevator apparatus of one Example. It is a current change characteristic view of the brake coil with respect to the speed change of the car at the normal time. It is an electric current change characteristic view of the brake coil with respect to the speed change of the car at the time of a one side brake test. It is a flowchart which shows the one side brake test process in a one side brake test part. It is a schematic diagram of the elevator apparatus of one Example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

An elevator apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an elevator apparatus 100 according to one embodiment. As shown here, the elevator apparatus 100 includes a car 50, a counterweight 51, a main rope 52, a hoisting machine 53, and a guide rail 54.

The car 50 is installed in a hoistway 101 provided in a building. The car 50 has a plurality of guide devices (not shown), and slidably engages with the guide rails 54. Therefore, the car 50 is guided by the guide rails 54 to ascend and descend in the hoistway 101.

The counterweight 51 is a weight that balances with the car 50 and has a plurality of guide devices (not shown). A plurality of guide devices of the counterweight 51 slidably engage with guide rails (not shown) fixed to the wall surface of the hoistway 101. Therefore, the counterweight 51 is guided in the elevating direction by the guide rails (not shown) to ascend and descend in the hoistway 101.

At each end of the main rope 52, a car 50 and a counterweight 51 are suspended. The hoisting machine 53 is disposed in the machine room 102 in the upper part of the hoistway 101, and the main rope 52 is wound thereon. By rotating the hoisting machine 53, the main rope 52 is frictionally driven to raise and lower the car 50 and the counterweight 51.

In the machine room 102 of the present embodiment, an elevator control device 17 for controlling the hoisting machine 53 is provided, thereby controlling the motor of the hoisting machine 53 and an electromagnetic brake device to be described later. It can be moved to the desired position at the desired speed.

Although FIG. 5 exemplifies a configuration in which the elevator control device 17 and the hoisting machine 53 are installed in the machine room 102, so-called hoisting of a machine room-less elevator apparatus in which these are installed in the hoistway 101. The electromagnetic brake test method of the present invention may be applied to the machine 53.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electromagnetic brake device 4 for braking the hoisting machine 53 of the elevator device 100 and a brake control device 11 for controlling the same.

As shown here, the braked body 2 such as a drum is attached to the rotary shaft 1 of the motor of the hoisting machine 53, and the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b are disposed on both sides of the outer peripheral portion of the braked body 2 respectively. Thus, the electromagnetic brake device 4 is configured.

Since the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b have the same configuration, the configuration will be briefly described by taking the electromagnetic brake 3a as an example. The electromagnetic brake 3a attracts the core 8a to the lining 6a which is in pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface of the braked body 2 to apply a braking force, the spring 5a to apply biasing force to the lining 6a in the braking direction, and the armature 7a connected to the lining 6a. And a brake coil 9a for releasing the braking force. The brake check switch 10a is disposed on the armature 7a side of the core 8a, and detects that the armature 7a is magnetically attracted to the core 8a.

When the core 8a is excited by energization to the brake coil 9a, the armature 7a is attracted to the core 8a and moves so as to approach the brake coil 9a, and the lining 6a is separated from the braked body 2 to be in the non-braking state. Become. At this time, the armature 7a comes into contact with the brake check switch 10a by movement due to suction, and the operation signal (BCS signal) thereof is turned on.

On the other hand, when energization to the brake coil 9a is cut off and the core 8a is demagnetized, the armature 7a moves away from the core 8a by the biasing force of the spring 5a, and the lining 6a is pressed against the braked body 2 to brake It becomes a state. At this time, since the armature 7a does not contact the brake check switch 10a, its operation signal (BCS signal) is in the OFF state.

The brake control device 11 that controls the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b mainly includes a main control unit 12 configured by a microcomputer, a first switching element 13, a second switching element 14, and a first current detection device 15. A second current detection device 16 is provided.

The main control unit 12 of the brake control device 11 controls the electromagnetic brake device 4 based on the current command corresponding to the control state of the car 50 from the elevator control device 17. Further, the speed / position detection unit 18 detects the rotation speed of the motor by a speed detector (not shown) provided on the rotary shaft 1 of the motor of the hoisting machine 53, and detects the speed and position of the car 50. .

The main controller 12, given a first voltage command C ₁ to the first switching element 13, the first switching device 13 to be powered from the power source 19 in accordance with a first voltage command C _1, energizes the brake coil 9a, or outputs the first brake voltage command V ₁ to break the energization. Similarly, the main controller 12, given a second voltage command C ₂ to the second switching element 14, the second switching element 14 which is powered from the power source 19 in accordance with the second voltage command C _2, the brake coil 9b energized, or outputs the second brake voltage command V ₂ sever energized.

The first current detection device 15 detects a first brake current I ₁ flowing through the brake coil 9 a and feeds back current to the main control unit 12. Similarly, the second current detection device 16 detects a second brake current I ₂ flowing through the brake coil 9 b and feeds back current to the main control unit 12.

The operation signal (BCS ₁ signal) of the brake check switch 10 a for observing the electromagnetic brake 3 a and the operation signal (BCS ₂ signal) of the brake check switch 10 b for observing the electromagnetic brake 3 b are given to the main control unit 12 . These BCS ₁ and BCS ₂ signals are turned on when the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b are in the non-braking state and are turned off in the braking state.

The main control unit 12 changes the voltage commands C ₁ and C ₂ in accordance with the BCS ₁ signal and the BCS ₂ signal corresponding to the suction state of the brake and the brake current feedback value.

FIG. 2 shows the change in speed of the car 50 during the normal operation for moving the car 50 from one floor to another floor and the current of the corresponding brake coils 9a and 9b as the first current detection device 15, A change characteristic diagram of the current values I ₁ and I ₂ detected by the second current detection device 16 is shown.

As shown here, when the hoisting machine 53 is driven and the car 50 moves up and down at the speed indicated by the car speed 20, the brake control device 11 is provided to the brake coils 9a and 9b provided in the electromagnetic brake device. The first brake current I ₁ and the second brake current I ₂ flow as shown by the current waveforms 21 and 22 respectively by the control of

That is, at time t1 before starting the lifting and lowering operation of the car 50, currents shown in the current waveforms 21 and 22 are supplied to the brake coils 9a and 9b, respectively. Here, since both of the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b are normal, in the electromagnetic brake 3a, the core 8a is excited and the armature 7a is magnetically attracted to the core 8a, so the lining 6a is separated from the braked body 2 It will be in the non-braking state. Similarly, the electromagnetic brake 3b is also in the non-braking state, and the hoisting machine 53 is rotatable. Thereafter, the car 50 moves up and down with the speed of the car 50 controlled.

On the other hand, when the brake coils 9a and 9b are de-energized at time t2 after the car 50 is stopped, the core 8a is demagnetized in the electromagnetic brake 3a, and the armature 7a is biased by the spring 5a. The lining 6a is pressed against the braked body 2 to be in a braking state. Similarly, the electromagnetic brake 3b is also in the braking state, and the rotation of the hoisting machine 53 is braked.

At this time, the speed / position detection unit 18 detects the rotational speed of the motor by the speed detector provided on the rotation shaft 1 of the motor of the hoisting machine 53, and detects the speed and position of the car 50.

Next, details of the braking force confirmation test in the one-side brake in the present embodiment will be described using FIGS. 3 and 4. During this test, the elevator control device 17 individually controls the electromagnetic brakes of the electromagnetic brake device 4 while referring to the data taken from the speed / position detection unit 18 to make one of the braking states and the other non-braking state. It is in the state.

First, processing at the time of the one-side brake test will be described using the flowchart of FIG. 4.

In step S1, both of the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b are released in accordance with the brake voltage output from the brake control device 11, and the non-braking state is established. In the next step S2, the elevator control device 17 drives the hoisting machine 53 to raise and lower the car 50 in accordance with a predetermined speed characteristic line.

In the next step S3, when the speed of the car 50 detected by the speed / position detection unit 18 reaches the rated speed, in step S4, the elevator control device 17 stops the power supply to the motor of the hoisting machine 53. The brake control device 11 puts one of the electromagnetic brakes 3a into a braking state in order to emergency stop the car 50.

Thereafter, in step S5, it is determined whether the deceleration of the car 50 is normal or abnormal. As a result, if the deceleration of the car 50 is in a normal state, it is determined in step S6 that the electromagnetic brake 3a to be tested is normal. However, if the deceleration of the car 50 is abnormal, it is determined in step S7 that the electromagnetic brake 3a to be tested is abnormal.

Next, in step S8, the other electromagnetic brake 3b is brought into a braking state, and a process is performed to quickly stop the car 50 even if the electromagnetic brake 3a is abnormal and normal deceleration can not be performed.

Thus, after the braking force confirmation test of one electromagnetic brake 3a is performed, the braking force confirmation test of the other electromagnetic brake 3b is performed. In addition, since the damping | braking force confirmation test of the other electromagnetic brake 3b can be implemented similarly to the damping | braking force confirmation test of one electromagnetic brake 3a, the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining how to determine whether the deceleration of the car is normal in step S5, and shows the speed change of the car 50 at the time of the braking force confirmation test of the one-side brake; It is a characteristic view of the current change of brake coil 9a, 9b.

First, similarly to FIG. 2, at time t1 before starting the lifting and lowering operation of the car 50, the first brake current I ₁ and the second brake current as shown by the current waveforms 31 and 32 to the brake coils 9a and 9b, respectively. passing a brake current I _2. At this time, both the electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b are in the non-braking state (step S1), and the hoisting machine 53 is rotatable. Thereafter, the elevator car 50 starts raising and lowering at a speed indicated by the car speed 30 (step S2).

Then, the cage 50 has reached the rated speed at time t3 (step S3), and is gradually decreased as shown in the first brake current I ₁ of the current waveform 31 is supplied to one of the electromagnetic brake 3a, changing the braking state ( Step S4). In contrast, in the other of the electromagnetic brake 3b, since the second brake current I ₂ is maintained as shown in the current waveform 32 to be supplied, a non-braking state is maintained.

Thereafter, the elevator control device 17 receives the signal from the speed / position detection unit 18 and monitors the deceleration of the car 50 (step S5). As a result, as indicated by the car speed 30a, if the car 50 decelerates normally, it is determined that the braking force of the electromagnetic brake 3a is normal (step S6). On the other hand, if the deceleration of the car 50 is slower than usual as shown by the car speed 30b, or if the car can not be decelerated and accelerated as shown by the car speed 30c, then the braking force of the electromagnetic brake 3a is abnormal. It is determined that (step S7).

Thereafter, when it is determined that the vehicle is normal, the other electromagnetic brake 3b is also put into a braking state after time t4 when the car 50 is stopped. On the other hand, if it is determined that the electromagnetic brake 3a is in the abnormal state, the other electromagnetic brake 3b is also brought into the braking state after time t5 after a predetermined time has elapsed since the electromagnetic brake 3a was brought into the braking state. Thereby, even when the braking force of the electromagnetic brake 3a is insufficient, the car 50 can be safely stopped.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the one-side brake test method of the elevator apparatus 100 configured to be capable of independently controlling two or more electromagnetic brakes 3a and 3b is configured by software. The one-side brake test unit forcibly opens only the electromagnetic brakes of the vehicle and puts it in the non-braking state, and the one-side brake test unit performs emergency stop when the car 50 reaches a predetermined rated speed. In the step of deenergizing the brake coil 9a in the electromagnetic brake 3a and releasing the brake coil 9 to make the braking state, and then monitoring the speed of the car 50 to determine whether the electromagnetic brake 3a is normal depending on whether or not deceleration is normal. And, if the electromagnetic brake 3a is abnormal, the other forcibly released non-braking electromagnetic brake 3b is released and the braking state is established. With the step of.

According to such a one-side brake test method of the elevator apparatus 100, preparation of the external power supply and the connection work thereof are eliminated, and when it is not possible to decelerate during the test, the electromagnetic brake on the non-braking state is forcibly released. By releasing the brake 50, the raising and lowering of the car 50 can be braked and safely stopped.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but includes various modifications. For example, the embodiments described above are described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.

Reference Signs List 1 rotating shaft, 2 braked object, 3a, 3b electromagnetic brake, 4 electromagnetic brake device, 5a, 5b spring, 6a, 6b lining, 7a, 7b amateur, 8a, 8b core, 9a, 9b brake coil, 10a, 10b brake Check switch, 11 brake control unit, 12 main control unit, 13 first switching device, 14 second switching device, 15 first current detection device, 16 second current detection device, 17 elevator control device, 18 speed / position detection unit , 19 power sources, 50 cars, 51 counterweights, 52 main ropes, 53 hoists, 54 guide rails, 100 elevators, 101 hoistways, 102 machine rooms

Claims (6)

You can go up and down the hoistway,
The balance weight which balances with the riding car,
A main rope that suspends the car at one end and the balance weight at the other end;
A hoist driving the main rope to raise and lower the car;
An electromagnetic brake device provided with two electromagnetic brakes for braking the hoist;
A control device that individually controls the hoist and the two electromagnetic brakes;
A method of testing an electromagnetic brake system of an elevator system comprising:
Driving the hoist while leaving both electromagnetic brakes in a non-braking state;
Placing one of the electromagnetic brakes in a braking state when the car reaches a rated speed;
Determining an abnormality of the one electromagnetic brake based on a change in speed of the car;
Placing the other electromagnetic brake in a braking state when it is determined that the one electromagnetic brake is abnormal;
The electromagnetic brake test method of the elevator apparatus characterized by having these. In the electromagnetic brake test method according to claim 1,
The electromagnetic brake is put into a braking state by interrupting energization of the brake coil of the electromagnetic brake,
A method of testing an electromagnetic brake for an elevator apparatus, wherein the electromagnetic brake is brought into a non-braking state by energization of the brake coil. In the electromagnetic brake test method according to claim 1 or 2,
A method of testing an electromagnetic brake for an elevator apparatus, wherein the hoisting machine and the electromagnetic brake device are installed in a machine room independent of the hoistway. In the electromagnetic brake test method according to claim 1 or 2,
A method of testing an electromagnetic brake for an elevator apparatus, wherein the hoisting machine and the electromagnetic brake device are installed in the hoistway. You can go up and down the hoistway,
The balance weight which balances with the riding car,
A main rope that suspends the car at one end and the balance weight at the other end;
A hoist driving the main rope to raise and lower the car;
An electromagnetic brake device provided with two electromagnetic brakes for braking the hoist;
A control device that individually controls the hoist and the two electromagnetic brakes;
An elevator apparatus comprising
The controller is
Drive the hoist while unbraking both electromagnetic brakes,
When the car reaches the rated speed, one of the electromagnetic brakes is put into a braking state,
Determining an abnormality of the one electromagnetic brake based on a change in speed of the car;
An elevator apparatus characterized in that, when it is determined that the one electromagnetic brake is abnormal, the other electromagnetic brake is put into a braking state. In the elevator apparatus according to claim 5,
A first switching element is provided between the control device and the one electromagnetic brake for switching the energization state of the brake coil of the one electromagnetic brake,
An elevator apparatus characterized in that a second switching element is provided between the control device and the other electromagnetic brake for switching the energization state of the brake coil of the other electromagnetic brake.

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