AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION NAME OF APPLICANT(S):: Paul A. Forgach ADDRESS FOR SERVICE: DAVIES COLLISON CAVE Patent Attorneys 1 Little Collins Street, Melbourne, 3000. INVENTION TITLE: Cooling system for protective vest The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: 5102 2 Background of the Invention 3 1. Field of the Invention: 4 The present invention relates generally to protective vests or other enclosures worn about 5 a person's upper torso, and more particularly, to a cooling mechanism and related method for 6 cooling the body of a user wearing such a protective vest. 7 2. Description of the Related Art: 8 To help prevent fatal injuries to law enforcement officers, many police and other law 9 enforcement departments mandate that officers where a protective bulletproof vest while on 10 duty. However, during summer months in the Southern and Southwestern regions of the United 11 States, such protective vests can become extremely uncomfortable, trapping body heat and 12 moisture, and interfering with the evaporation of sweat. In some cases, officers become so 13 uncomfortable that they remove such protective vests, posing the risk of serious injury in the 14 event of an unexpected confrontation with a violent subject. 15 Those skilled in the art have in the past attempted to solve such problem. For example, 16 U.S. Patent No. 6,128,784 to Frank discloses a protective vest having air-circulating conduits 17 incorporated therein. However, the apparatus disclosed by Frank does not appear to have any 18 mechanism to forcibly circulate such air through such conduit. 19 U.S. Patent No. 6,131,645 to Barr discloses a cooling system for use by law enforcement 20 officers while riding or sitting in a vehicle, and relies upon cooled air supplied by the vehicle air 21 conditioning system. A flexible hose has one end secured over an air conditioning vent and 22 another end that is inserted under the user's protective vest. In an emergency, a quick 23 disconnect feature allows the user to disconnect the hose coupling so that the officer can rapidly 24 leave the vehicle. However, no mechanism is provided for cooling the officer once the officer 25 leaves the vehicle. 26 In U.S. Patent No. 4,964,282 to Wagner, an air cooling apparatus is disclosed for cooling 27 a bullet proof vest wherein a tubular belt worn about the user's waist has air discharge holes 28 formed around the belt for releasing cooling air under the protective vest. The tubular belt -1A- I couples with a flexible hose designed to fit over an air conditioning vent within a vehicle in a 2 manner similar to that described above in conjunction with the patent to Barr. In addition, the 3 tubular belt can also be connected to a blower unit having a motor-driven fan coupled to a 4 source of electrical power. 5 U.S. Patent No. 6,257,011 to Siman-Tov, et al. discloses a portable cooling device for 6 use with body armor systems to evaporate sweat and provide cooling. A belt incorporates an air 7 moving device, operated by rechargeable batteries, for distributing air through channels formed 8 within the vest. 9 Recently issued U.S. Patent No. 6,260,201 to Rankin discloses a portable cooling device 10 formed in a garment that includes tubular members interconnected by a connector tube. 11 Openings formed in the tubular members distribute cooling air about the user's body. Air is 12 pumped to the connector tube by an air pump via a supply tube. The electrical supply for the air 13 pump is a plug adapted to engage a cigarette lighter of an automobile; batteries may also be 14 used. Alternatively, an air conditioning vent of a vehicle can be used as the source of cooling 15 air. 16 However, none of the devices described above are adapted to be quickly and easily 17 inserted or removed, while at the same time being self-contained for use both inside and outside 18 of a vehicle. Moreover, none of the devices described above is easily adjustable to suit the 19 specific needs of a particular user. In addition, the devices described above are relatively 20 expensive, or require significant modification of the design of existing bullet proof vests. 21 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a protective vest assembly 22 having a cooling system for circulating fresh, cooling air between the vest and the user's body. 23 Another object of the present invention is to provide such a protective vest assembly that 24 is adapted to be used both within a motor vehicle as well as remote from the motor vehicle. 25 Still another object of the present invention is to provide such a protective vest assembly 26 that can easily be adapted to existing protective vests already in use by law enforcement officers. 27 Yet another object of the present invention is to provide such a protective vest assembly 28 that is relatively inexpensive to manufacture. -2- 1 A further object of the present invention is to provide such a protective vest assembly 2 that can be quickly and easily disconnected from an electrical power source. 3 A still further object of the present invention is to provide such a protective vest 4 assembly 5 that can be quickly and easily inserted or removed by a user. 6 Yet another object of the present invention is to provide such a protective vest assembly 7 that can be easily adjusted by a user to suit the specific needs of the user. 8 These and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent to those 9 skilled in the art as the description of the present invention proceeds. 10 11 Summary of the Invention 12 Briefly described, and in accordance with a preferred embodiment thereof, the present 13 invention relates to a cooling system for a protective vest. The cooling system includes an 14 elongated housing generally disposed inside the protective vest. A fan is supported at the upper 15 end of the elongated housing and extends just outside the neck opening of the protective vest for 16 drawing in fresh air. For example, the fan might extend outside the neck opening of the 17 protective vest just in front of the user's neck. Alternatively, the fan might extend outside the 18 neck opening of the protective vest just behind the user's neck. The fan is rotated by an electric 19 motor that is supported proximate the upper end of the elongated housing. At least one 20 ventilation hole is formed in the elongated housing below the upper end thereof for passing 21 fresh air between the protective vest and the body of the user. Electrical wires are coupled to the 22 electric motor for supplying electrical power thereto. 23 In one embodiment, these electrical wires are coupled to a battery for supplying 24 electrical power to the electric motor. The battery can be worn upon the user's person, for 25 example, by supporting the battery via a belt worn by the user. Ideally, an electrical switch is 26 coupled with the electrical wires to selectively couple the battery to the electric motor. 27 Preferably, the electrical wires include a quick-disconnect coupling for releasably coupling the 28 battery to the electric motor. If desired, an electrical dimmer switch, variable resistor, rheostat, -3- I or similar control can be coupled with the electrical wires to adjust the electrical current applied 2 to the electric motor for varying the speed of the fan. 3 In an alternate embodiment of the protective vest assembly, the electrical wires leading 4 to the electric motor are coupled to an electrical adaptor designed to engage a vehicle cigarette 5 lighter in order to supply electrical power from a vehicle to the electric motor while the user is 6 driving, or sitting within, the vehicle. Once again, the electrical wires preferably include a 7 quick-disconnect coupling for releasably coupling the electric motor of the cooling system to the 8 vehicle cigarette lighter. 9 In order to better suit the needs of various users, the protective vest cooling system 10 preferably includes a retractable extension slidingly received within the lower end of the 11 elongated housing, to effectively vary the length of the'elongated housing. The retractable 12 extension includes at least one ventilation hole for passing fresh air between the protective 13 vest and the body of the user. This ventilation hole may, for example, be the open lower end of 14 the retractable extension member. 15 For improved cooling capacity, a second fan can be supported at the upper end of the 16 elongated housing adjacent the first fan, and a second electric motor can be supported proximate 17 the upper end of the elongated housing and coupled to the second fan for rotating the second 18 fan. The aforementioned electrical wires can be coupled in parallel with the second electric 19 motor to power both fans simultaneously, or the fans can be controlled individually. 20 The present invention also relates to a method of cooling a person using a protective 21 vest. A first fan is supported at the upper end of an elongated housing. An electric motor is 22 coupled to the fan for rotating the fan, thereby drawing fresh air into the upper end of the 23 elongated housing. Electrical power is supplied to the electric motor to rotate the fan. The 24 elongated housing is inserted into the protective vest, while positioning the fan just outside the 25 neck opening of the protective vest. In practicing the method of the present invention, the user 26 may position the fan outside the neck opening just ahead of, or alternately just behind, the user's 27 neck. At least one ventilation hole is formed in the elongated housing below its upper end, and 28 fresh air drawn in by the fan is passed through the ventilation hole between the protective -4- 1 vest and the user's body. 2 When practicing such method, the electric motor can be electrically coupled with a 3 battery; the method may include the step of supporting the battery upon the user's person, as by 4 supporting the battery from a waist belt. Alternatively, the method of the present invention may 5 include the step of electrically coupling the electric motor to an electrical adaptor, and engaging 6 the adaptor with a vehicle cigarette lighter to supply electrical power to the motor. In either 7 case, the method preferably includes providing a quick-disconnect coupling to releasably couple 8 the motor to the source of electrical power. The method may also include the step of interposing 9 an electrical switch between the electric motor and source of electrical power to selectively 10 operate the fan. 11 The aforementioned cooling method preferably includes the step of slidingly engaging a 12 retractable extension with the lower end of the elongated housing to adjustably lengthen the 13 elongated housing, and forming at least one ventilation hole within the retractable extension, for 14 example, within the lower end thereof, for passing fresh air between the protective vest and 15 the body of the user. 16 The cooling method described above can be further enhanced by supporting a second fan 17 at the upper end of the elongated housing, providing a second electric motor for rotating the 18 second fan, and supplying electrical power to the second electric motor for rotating the second 19 fan. 20 21 Brief Description of the Drawings 22 Fig. 1 is a frontal view of a person wearing a protective vest incorporating a cooling 23 device in accordance with the present invention and using a battery supported on the user's 24 waist belt. 25 Fig. 2 is a frontal view of a person wearing a protective vest incorporating the cooling 26 device shown in Fig. 1 and using a battery supported in the user's shirt pocket. 27 Fig. 3 illustrates an alternate embodiment of the present invention wherein the user is 28 seated in a vehicle, and wherein the cooling device includes an adaptor for engaging a vehicle -5- I cigarette lighter. 2 Fig. 4 is a rear view of a person using such a cooling device but wherein the cooling 3 device is inserted through the neck opening of the protective vest generally behind the user's 4 neck. 5 Fig. 5 is a side view of the cooling device, including a retractable extension member, and 6 including a quick-disconnect coupling between the fan motor and a battery pack. 7 Fig. 6 is a front view of the cooling device equipped with a cigarette lighter adaptor, and 8 including a rheostat control for varying the speed of the fan. 9 Fig. 7 is a front view of an alternate embodiment of the invention wherein dual fans, and 10 dual fan motors, are provided, and wherein a battery pack and cigarette lighter adaptor may 11 alternately be coupled to the quick-disconnect coupling for powering the fan motors. 12 13 Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment 14 Fig. 1 illustrates a cooling system for a protective vest in accordance with one preferred 15 embodiment of the present invention. Within Fig. 1, the user is identified generally by reference 16 numeral 10, the protective vest by reference numeral 12, and the cooling device by reference 17 numeral 14. Cooling device 14 includes an elongated housing 16 (see Fig. 5) disposed inside 18 protective vest 12. A fan 18 (see Fig. 5) is supported at the upper end 20 of elongated housing 19 16; as shown in Fig. 1, fan 18 extends just outside the neck opening of protective vest 12 for 20 drawing in fresh air. Within both Figs. 1 and 2, fan 18 extends outside the neck opening of 21 protective vest 12 just in front of the neck of user 10. Turning briefly to Fig. 4, fan 18 may 22 alternately extend outside the neck opening of protective vest 12 just behind the neck of user 10. 23 Fan 18 is rotated by an electric motor 22 supported proximate upper end 20 of elongated 24 housing 16. Preferably, motor 22 is integral with fan 18, and may be a 12 volt, 1.08 Watt ball 25 bearing cooling fan assembly of the type commercially available from Yen Sun Technology 26 Corporation (Y.S. Tech) under Model No. FD1240107S-IN.Electrical wires are coupled to the 27 electric motor for supplying electrical power thereto. Fan 18 and motor 22 may advantageously 28 be pivotally coupled to upper end 20 by pivot pin 24 (see Fig. 5) for allowing fan 18 to be -6- 1 directed at different angles when being worn by user 10. 2 Electrical power wires 26 extend from motor 22 to a source of electrical power. The 3 upper portion of such wires may be reinforced, if desired, by a supporting sheath 27 to better 4 resist flexing of wires 26 adjacent cooling device 14. In the embodiments shown in Figs. 1, 2 5 and 5, electrical wires 26 are coupled to a battery pack 28 for supplying electrical power to 6 electric motor 22. Battery pack 28 may contain conventional disposable batteries or 7 rechargeable batteries, and can be worn upon the person of user 10, for example, via a waist belt 8 30 (as shown in Fig. 1) or in the user's shirt pocket 32 (as shown in Fig. 2). Ideally, an electrical 9 switch 34 is coupled in series with electrical wires 26 to selectively couple electrical power to 10 motor 22. In addition, electrical wires 26 may also include a quick-disconnect coupling 36 for 11 releasably coupling battery pack 28 to motor 22. This quick-disconnect feature allows a user to 12 charge one battery pack while another is in use. The quick-disconnect feature also permits 13 electrical wires 26 to be coupled with alternative d.c. power sources, as will be explained below 14 in conjunction with Fig. 3. 15 Turning for a moment to Fig. 6, those skilled in the art will appreciate that electrical 16 switch 34 can be replaced by a so-called dimmer switch, rheostat, or variable resistor 34' to 17 allow a user to vary the speed of the fan by adjusting the amount of electrical current supplied 18 by electrical wires 26. Rotation of control wheel 38 serves to increase or decrease the amount of 19 electrical current supplied, and hence controls the speed of fan 18. 20 Referring now to Fig. 3, an alternate embodiment of the protective vest cooling device is 21 shown wherein electrical wires 26 are coupled to an electrical adaptor 40 designed to engage 22 cigarette lighter socket 42 of vehicle 44 in order to supply electrical power from the 12 volt 23 vehicle storage battery to motor 22 while user 10 is driving, or sitting within, vehicle 44. 24 Electrical wires 26 again preferably include quick-disconnect coupling 36 for releasably 25 coupling motor 22 of cooling device 14 to the vehicle cigarette lighter adapter 40. This quick 26 disconnect feature is especially valuable in those instances when a law enforcement officer must 27 quickly leave vehicle 44. Though not shown in Fig. 3, those skilled in the art will understand 28 that rheostat 34' may be incorporated within electrical wires 26 to allow user 10 to vary the fan -7- 1 speed of cooling device 14. 2 Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, it will be noted that several ventilation holes 46 and 48 3 are formed in elongated housing 16 below upper end 20 thereof for passing fresh air 4 between protective vest 12 and the body of user 10. In order to better suit the needs of various 5 users, cooling device 14 also includes a retractable extension member 50 that is slidingly 6 received within lower end 52 of elongated housing 16; retractable extension member 50 7 effectively varies the length of elongated housing 16. A lug 54 protrudes outwardly from the 8 lower end of extension member 50 in order to prevent extension member 50 from becoming 9 trapped inside housing 16. If desired, a series of ridges 56 may be formed upon retractable 10 extension member 50 for being engaged by a tooth 58 formed on lower end 52 of housing 16 for 11 retaining extension member 50 at a desired position. Retractable extension member 50 includes 12 ventilation holes 60 and 62 for' passing fresh air between protective vest 12 and the body of 13 user 10 when extension member 50 is pulled out from lower end 52 of housing 16. -Holes 60 14 and 62 can also be aligned with holes 46 and 48 when extension member 50 is retracted inside 15 housing 16. In addition, the lower end 64 of retractable extension member 50 is also preferably 16 open to serve as a ventilation hole. 17 For improved cooling capacity, cooling device 14 can be modified to incorporate a 18 second fan. As shown in Fig. 7, dual-fan cooling device 114 includes a first fan 118 and a 19 second fan 119. Fan 118 is powered by motor 122, and fan 119 is powered by motor 123. Fan 20 118 is pivotally secured to the upper end 120 of elongated housing 116, and fan 119 is pivotally 21 secured to the upper end 125 of elongated housing 127. Electrical wires 126 can be coupled in 22 parallel with the first electric motor associated with fan 118, and with the second electric motor 23 associated with fan 119, to power both fans simultaneously, or the fans can be controlled 24 individually. As before, battery pack 128 can be used to supply electrical power, or adaptor 140 25 can be used to supply power from a vehicle cigarette lighter. Electrical wires 126 can include an 26 electrical switch 134 to selectively power fans 118 and 119. Quick-disconnect couplers 136 and 27 136' can be used as before to quickly decouple cooling device 114 from the source of electrical 28 power, as desired. -8- 1 Still referring to Fig. 7, base region 129 is affixed to two retractable extension members 2 (not shown). One of such extension members retracts into, or extends from, elongated housing 3 116, and the other extension member retracts into, or extends from, elongated housing 127. 4 Ventilation holes (not shown) may be provided within the side walls of elongated housings 116 5 and 127, within sidewalls of the two extension members, and within the sidewalls of base region 6 129, to pass fresh air between the protective vest and the user's body. In addition, the 7 lower end 131 of base region 129 may be left open to pass fresh air. As base region 129 is 8 pulled apart from elongated housings 116 and 127, the two extension members initially retracted 9 within housings 116 and 127 are extended therefrom, thereby effectively lengthening cooling 10 device 114. 11 As mentioned above, another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of 12 cooling a person who is wearing a protective vest. In practicing such method, a fan, such as fan 13 18, is supported at the upper end of an elongated housing, e.g., housing 16. An electric motor, 14 e.g., motor 22, is coupled to, and rotates, fan 18 to draw fresh air into the upper end of the 15 elongated housing. Electrical power is supplied, as by a battery pack 28 worn by the user or by 16 a vehicle cigarette light adapter 40, for example, to the electric motor to rotate the fan. The 17 elongated housing is inserted into the protective vest, in the general manner shown in Figs. 1-4, 18 while positioning fan 18 just outside the neck opening of the protective vest, preferably just 19 ahead of, or just behind, the user's neck. One or more ventilation holes are formed in the 20 elongated housing below its upper end, and fresh air drawn in by the fan is passed through 21 the ventilation hole between the protective vest and the user's body. 22 As described above, the cooling method of the present invention preferably includes 23 releasably coupling the motor to the source of electrical power by a quick-disconnect coupling 24 36. The method may also include the step of interposing an electrical switch 34 and/or rheostat 25 34' between motor 22 and the source of electrical power to selectively adjust the speed of fan 18. 26 The method of the present invention also preferably includes the step of slidingly engaging a 27 retractable extension member 50 with the lower end of elongated housing 16 to adjust the length 28 thereof. Such method also preferably includes the step of forming one or more ventilation holes -9- 1 60/62 within the retractable extension member 50 for. passing fresh air between the 2 protective vest and the body of the user. 3 Those skilled in the art will now appreciate that a simple and inexpensive cooling device 4 has been described for circulating fresh, cooling air between a protective vest and the user's 5 body. The described cooling device is adapted to be used both within a motor vehicle as well as 6 remote from the motor vehicle, and can easily be adapted to existing protective vests already in 7 use by law enforcement officers. The cooling device described herein can be quickly and easily 8 disconnected from an electrical power source when necessary to avoid interference with a law 9 enforcement officer's duties in times of emergency; indeed, the entire cooling device itself can 10 be quickly and easily inserted or removed by a user. Moreover, the overall length, and fresh air 11 passing pattern, provided by the cooling device described above can be easily adjusted by a 12 user to suit the specific needs of the user. 13 While the present invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments 14 thereof, such description is for illustrative purposes only, and is not to be construed as limiting 15 the scope of the invention. Various modifications and changes may be made to the described 16 embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the 17 invention as defined by the appended claims. 18 Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", 19 and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or 20 step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of 21 any other integer or step or group of integers or steps. 22 The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgement or any form 23 of suggestion that that prior art forms part of the common 24 general knowledge in Australia. 25 26 27 28 -10-