AU2004256144B2

AU2004256144B2 - Watertight joint

Info

Publication number: AU2004256144B2
Application number: AU2004256144A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Andrew William Cropp; Neil Edwin Wallace
Original assignee: BlueScope Steel Ltd
Current assignee: BlueScope Steel Ltd
Priority date: 2003-07-11
Filing date: 2004-07-09
Publication date: 2010-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-09
Also published as: AU2004256144A1

Description

WO 2005/005753 PCT/AU2004/000933 1 Watertight Joint Technical Field The present invention relates generally jointing techniques for metal sheet and more specifically to such joints that are watertight. The invention has particular application to articles that contain or carry water (or other fluids) and the invention is herein described in that context. Background There are many instances where metal articles are used in containing or carrying water. Common examples include metal water tanks and piping systems. Water tanks need to resist hydrostatic pressure as a result of water pressure head whereas the piping system include pressure pipes that are typically rated to withstand pressures in the vicinity of 4 bar and stormwater pipes and the like which are not pressure rated and are designed to carry water under lower pressure. These articles are in some instances made from sheet metal, and in their manufacture, it is common to join edge margins of the sheet material (or of adjacent sheets) so as to form a watertight joint at those margins. In the past, these joints have been formed either by welding or by forming a seam by overlapping the edge margins with the seam being made watertight through the use of a gasket located in the seam, and/or by the application of a sealing compound such as a silicone to the seam. Whilst these techniques have been effective there is a continuing need to develop new techniques that facilitate the manufacturing process of the articles.

-2 Summary of Invention In a first aspect, the invention relates to an article formed at least partially from at least one metal sheet and 5 incorporating at least one lockseam that interconnects adjacent edge margins of the at least one sheet, the lockseam including a region where the edge margins overlap and wherein at least major surface of the at least one metal sheet incorporates a coating applied across the major surface to provide a moisture barrier 10 and/or to enhance the chemical resistance of the at least one metal sheet, and wherein the coating is disposed in the overlap of the edge margins and forms a gasket to provide a watertight joint at the lockseam. An advantage is that it facilitates manufacture of the is article, as the coating is pre-applied to the sheet thereby allowing the watertight joint to be formed merely on the formation of the lockseam. In another aspect, the present invention provides an article formed at least partially from at least one metal sheet 20 and incorporating at least one lockseam that interconnects adjacent edge margins of the at least one sheet, the lockseam including a region where the edge margins overlap wherein at least one major surface of the ate least one metal sheet incorporates a coating applied across the major surface to 25 provide a moisture barrier and/or enhance the chemical resistance of the at least one metal sheet, and wherein both edge margins have the coating applied thereto, wherein the coating of one edge margin is in engagement with the coating of the other edge margin to form a gasket between the edge margins. 30 In one form, both edges in the overlap incorporate the coating and wherein the coating of one edge is in engagement with the coating of the other edge in the overlap to form the watertight joint. In one form, the lockseam is caused to compress the 35 coating in the overlap. In one form, the coating is compressed by an amount in the range of 10-50% of its original thickness. 23459021 (GHMatters) 21/07/10 - 3 In one form, the coating is in the form of a polymeric film. In a particular form, the polymeric film is applied across at least one of the major surfaces of that sheet so as to provide a moisture barrier and/or to enhance the chemical 5 resistance of the sheet. A particular advantage of this arrangement is that by utilising the same polymeric film that is applied to the sheet as a moisture barrier or to enhance chemical resistance of the article, it allows the formation of a watertight joint solely by forming the lockseam without 10 requiring any additional step in the process. Polymeric films that may be used include low density or high density polyethylene, PVC, and polypropylene. The thickness of the film is preferably in the range of 100 to 400 microns. 15 In one form, the thickness of the metal sheet is between 0.35-3.00mm. In one form, the metal sheet is steel that incorporates a corrosion resistant metal coating. In another form, the coating is applied only along the edge margin. Examples of suitable edge coatings include the 20 polymeric films described above and natural rubber or synthetic rubbers such as neoprene. In one form, one edge margin is folded over the other edge margin so that the one edge margin abuts both sides of the other edge margin. 25 The construction of the lockseam and in particular the length of overlap incorporated in the seam will depend to some extent on the required pressure that the article needs to withstand. Moreover, the effectiveness of the seal may in fact improve when pressure increases in the article as the edge 30 margins of the lockseam are preferably designed to move into tighter engagement on an increase in pressure in the article. In one form, one edge margin is disposed around an end portion of the other edge margin so that the one edge margin has a first portion that abuts one side of the end portion, and a 35 second portion that abuts the other side of that end portion. 23459021 (GHMatters) 21/07/O In one form, the first and second portions of the one end margin are generally flat. In an alternative form, a camber is introduced in the overlap to increase the ability of the lockseam to resist tensile force induced at the lockseam. 5 In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method of forming a watertight joint between two edge margins formed of metal sheet, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one metal sheet with two edge margins with a coating applied across a major portion of the metal sheet including at 10 least one of the two edge margins, the coating providing a moisture barrier and/or enhancing the chemical resistance of the sheet; and interconnecting the edge margins to form a lockseam, the edge margins being arranged to overlap in the lockseam with the coating being located in the overlap and forming a gasket to 15 provide a watertight joint at the lockseam. In one form, the method further comprises the step of applying pressure to the edge margins so as to compress the coating in the lockseam so as to make the joint watertight. In one form, the method further comprises the steps of: 20 providing both of the two edge margins with a coating; and connecting the edge margins to form the lockseam with the coating of one edge being in engagement with the coating of the other edge in the overlap. In one form, the method further comprises the step of 25 forming the lockseam by folding over one edge margin over the other edge margin so that the one edge margin abuts both sides of the other edge margin. In one form, a clinching force is applied to the edge margins so as to compress the coating in the lockseam. In one 30 form, this clinching force is applied to the lockseam via a roll forming operation. In one form, the method further comprises applying a film to the metal sheet so as to form the coating on the at least one of the two edge margins. In one form, the film is applied to 35 substantially all of at least one of the major surfaces of the 2345902_1 (GH Matters) 211071 0 - 4a metal sheet so as to provide a moisture barrier and/or to enhance the chemical resistance of the sheet. In one form, pressure is applied to the edge margins so as to compress the coating in the lockseam by an amount in the 5 range of 10-50% of its original thickness. In this way, the resulting thickness of the compressed coating is in the range of 50 to 90% of its original thickness. In one form, the coating is pre-applied to the at least one metal sheet, and whereby the watertight joint of the article 10 may be formed merely on the formation of the lockseam. Brief Description of the Drawings It is convenient to hereinafter describe embodiments of is the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The particularity of the drawings and the related description is to be understood as not superseding the generality of the preceding broad description of the invention. In the drawings: 20 Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a water tank having a tank wall incorporating a lockseam; 23459021 (GHMatters) 21/07110 WO 2005/005753 PCT/AU2004/000933 5 Fig. 2 is a plan view of the tank of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the lockseam in the tank wall of Fig. 1; Figs. 4a to 4d are schematic views illustrating the formation of the lockseam of Fig. 3; and Fig 5 illustrates the formation of a variation of the lockseam of Fig. 3. Detailed Description of the Drawings Turning firstly to Figs. 1 and 2, a water containing article in the form of a rain water storage tank 10 is disclosed which is generally obround in cross section. The tank includes a base 11 and tank wall 12 which extends upwardly from the base. The tank wall 12 includes opposite generally parallel sides 13 and 14 and generally semi-circular ends 15 and 16. The tank 10 is made from sheet metal, with the tank wall 12 being formed by a single length of metal sheet 17, which is helically wound around a central axis (CA) of the tank. To ensure that the tank wall 12 is continuous, a lockseam 20 is provided which interconnect the opposing longitudinal edges 18, 19 (see Fig. 3) of the sheet metal strip 17 that locate adjacent one another when the strip 17 is wound in a helix. The lockseam 20 similarly extends helically about the tank axis CA. The sheet 17 is helically wound so that the pitch angle a as illustrated in Fig. 1, is relatively low and is typically in the range of 0.1 to 50. Further, in the illustrated form, the ribs 21 project outwardly from the tank. However it is to be appreciated that the tank may be wound so that the ribs extend inwardly. This latter option has the advantage as it provides a smoother exterior surface with the outer surface of the pans 22 forming the outer margins of the tank wall 12. The water tank 10 is the subject of a copending International application by the Applicant entitled "Improved WO 2005/005753 PCT/AU2004/000933 6 Water Tank and Method of Making Same", the contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference. The sheet metal strip 17 is formed from a high tension or mild steel which typically has thickness of 0.35 - 3.0mm and incorporates a protective coating which is formed from zinc or a zinc mixture. The sheet steel is also laminated with a protective polymer based film 23 which provides superior chemical resistance and enhanced moisture barrier. One such LD polyethylene film is sold under the trade mark TRENCHCOAT LG* which is a trade mark of the Dow Chemical Company. Another suitable PVC coated steel sheet is sold by the Applicant under the trade mark AQUAPLATE*. The thickness of the coating is preferably in the range of 100 to 400 microns. Fig. 3 illustrates the lockseam 20 provided in the tank wall and which joins the longitudinal edges 18 and 19 of the metal strip. The lockseam 20 is formed by folding over lapping portions 18 and 19. The lockseam is designed so that outward hydrostatic pressure forces the seam into tighter engagement thereby improving the seal between the longitudinal edges 18 and 19. In this arrangement, the lockseam is arranged so that the edges overlap with the film 23 of one edge in facing relation with the film 23 of the other edge. Further, the lapping edges are forced together under pressure to thereby compress the coating 40. In the illustrated form, the overlap formed in the lockseam may vary depending on the design requirement of the seam 20. In the general terms, increasing the overlap increases the strength of the lockseam and increases the sealing surface providing the watertight joint. The Applicant has found that an overlap of 3 - 10mm is suitable for water tank applications. Figs.4a to 4d illustrate schematically the steps in manufacture of the lockseam. In a first stage as illustrated in Fig. 4a, the edge margins 18, 19 of the metal strip 17 are initially roll formed to form one edge margin 18 as a channel and the other edge WO 2005/005753 PCT/AU2004/000933 7 margin 19 as a flange. In a second stage, as illustrated in 4b, the angle of the flange edge margin 19 is made more acute so that a distal end 24 is inclined at an angle that is substantially consistent to a proximal portion 25 of the channel edge margin 18. In a third stage, as illustrated in Fig. 4c, the flange edge margin 19 is inserted into the channel edge margin 18 with the distal portion 24 of the flange margin locating adjacent the proximal portion 25 of the channel edge margin 18. In an alternative arrangement (not shown), the second stage of the process as illustrated in 4b is omitted so that when the flange is inserted into the channel as illustrated in Fig. 4c, the distal portion 24 of the flange edge margin 19 is mutually inclined to the proximal portion 25 of the channel edge margin 18. In a fourth stage, as illustrated in Fig. 4d, inner and outer clinching rollers (26 and 27 respectively) are applied to opposite sides of the overlapping edge margins 18 and 19. In the illustrated form, the inner clinching roller 26 is a flat roll whereas the outer roller 27 is a shaped roll that determines the external profile of the lockseam 20. In undergoing clinching of the edge margin, the coating located within the overlap is compressed by an amount in a range of 10 to 50% of its original coating thickness. This compression of the coating provides a sealing surface, particularly in the region 28 where the coating 23 of the edge regions 18 and 19 overlap. Fig. 5 illustrates an alternative form of outer clinching roller 30. In the embodiment of Fig. 5, the outer clinching roller incorporates an arcuate engaging surface 31 which is caused on clinching of the lockseam 20 to introduce a camber 33 in the lockseam 20. The purpose of the camber is to increase the strength of the lockseam particularly under tensile force. An increase in the lockseam's strength under tension is beneficial as it increases the capacity of the lockseam to resist hydrostatic forces. Also, if the metal WO 2005/005753 PCT/AU2004/000933 8 sheet 17 is worked, such as by the introduction of a corrugated profile into the metal sheet 17 after formation of the lockseam 20 (as disclosed in the Applicant's corresponding International application relating to the water tank mentioned above), such working of the metal induces significant tensile force in the lockseam. Accordingly, the introduction of a camber improves the capacity of the lockseam to cope with such tensile forces. To further illustrate the operation of the lockseam 10, the following examples are provided. Examples Test 1 Cyclic Testing A spirally wound barrel was produced with a :% inch Triple Rib Profile using a 0.71mm galvanised steel base with a single sided coating of 300 micron TRENCHCOAT* coating. A helical lockseam of the type of Fig.3 was produced in forming the barrel. The lockseam had an overlap of 3mm and the coating in the overlap was compressed by 25%. Barrel dimension was 760mm diameter and 1.5m high representing a holding volume of 680 litres. A concrete base was subsequently formed around the barrel and the concrete cured to form a tank. The base and the join with the barrel were then coated with a sealant to prevent water seepage through the concrete or join. The tank was then filled to the top and a visual check conducted for leaks. No leaks were detected through either the lockseams or through the join to the concrete base. Using a sump pump, the tank was then drained into a holding vessel and the pump reversed to refill the test tank. A visual check was again conducted for leaks. This cycle was repeated 15 times over a period of one week and no leaks were detected at any stage.

WO 2005/005753 PCT/AU2004/000933 9 Test 2 Pressure Testing Ten spirally wound barrels were produced with a 2 2/3" x W" corrugated profile using a 0.6mm galvanised steel base with a single sided coating of 200 micron AQUAPLATE* coating. A helical lockseam of the type of Fig.3 was produced in forming each of the barrels. The lockseams had an overlap of 3mm and the coating in the overlap was compressed by 25%. Barrel dimension was 1800mm diameter and 2.5m high representing a holding volume of 6360 litres. A double sided AQUAPLATE coated 0.6mm steel disc was formed around the base of the barrels by folding over a flanged end and sealing with a silicon sealant. All 10 tanks were filled to the top representing a 2.5 metre "head" of water. A visual inspection was conducted for leaks. In two instances leaks were detected in lockseams where the lockseam had been damaged through handling. Where no damage had been incurred no leaks were detected. Accordingly, a lockseam is provided which forms a waterjoint between the edge margins of metal sheet. The watertight joint is formed by incorporating a polymer coating within the overlap of the lockseam which is compressed and acts as a gasket to provide a sealing effect in the joint. Further, tests conducted by the Applicant indicated that the lockseam is capable of withstanding hydrostatic pressure and also to withstand variations in pressure under cycle testing. Whilst in both the above examples, the tests were conducted with the lockseam incorporated in a water tank, the tests also indicate the suitability of the lockseam in other applications, in particular piping systems where the lockseams could easily be incorporated in a spiral wound metal pipe. In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprising" is used in an inclusive - 10 sense, i-e- the features specified may be associated with further features in various embodiments of the invention. It will be appreciated that variations and/or modifications may be made to the parts previously described 5 without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention.It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country. 10 2345902_t (GHMatters) 21/07/10

Claims

1. An article formed at least partially from at least one metal sheet and incorporating at least one lockseam that interconnects 5 adjacent edge margins of the at least one sheet, the lockseam including a region where the edge margins overlap and wherein at least one major surface of the at least one metal sheet incorporates a coating applied across the major surface to provide a moisture barrier and/or to enhance the chemical 10 resistance of the at least one metal sheet, and wherein the coating is disposed in the overlap of the edge margins and forms a gasket to provide a watertight joint at the lockseam.

2. An article formed at least partially from at least one metal sheet and incorporating at least one lockseam that interconnects 15 adjacent edge margins of the at least one sheet, the lockseam including a region where the edge margins overlap wherein at least one major surface of the ate least one metal sheet incorporates a coating applied across the major surface to provide a moisture barrier and/or enhance the chemical resistance 20 of the at least one metal sheet, and wherein both edge margins have the coating applied thereto, wherein the coating of one edge margin is in engagement with the coating of the other edge margin to form a gasket between the edge margins.

3. An article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating is 25 compressed in the overlap.

4. An article according to claim 3, wherein the coating is compressed by an amount in the range of 10 - 50% of its original thickness.

5. An article according to any preceding claim, wherein the 30 coating(s) are in the form of a polymeric film.

6. An article according to claim 5, wherein the polymeric film is selected from the group consisting of: low density or high density polyethylene, PVC, and polypropylene. 23tS8 (GMafl's) 12

7. An article according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the film is in the range of 100 to 400 microns.

8. An article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating is selected from the group consisting of low density or high density 5 polyethylene, PVC, polypropylene, natural or synthetic rubber.

9. An article according to any preceding claim, wherein the thickness of the metal sheet is between 0.35 - 3.00mm.

10. An article according to any preceding claim, wherein the metal sheet is steel that incorporates a corrosion resistant 10 metal coating

11. An article according to any preceding claim, wherein one edge margin is disposed around an end portion of the other edge margin so that the one edge margin has a first portion that abuts one side of the end portion, and a second portion that abuts the 15 other side of that end portion.

12- An article according to claim 11, wherein the first and second portions of the one end margin and the end portion of the other edge margin are generally flat.

13. An article according to claim 11, wherein the first and 20 second portions of the one edge margin and the end portion of the other edge margins are cambered.

14. An article according to any preceding claim, wherein the article is a metal pipe.

15. An article according to claim 16, wherein the article is a 25 metal spiral wound pipe.

16. Air article according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the article is a metal tank.

17. A method of forming a watertight joint between two edge margins formed of metal sheet, the method comprising the steps 30 of: providing at least one metal sheet with two edge margins with a coating applied across a major portion of the metal sheet including at least one of the two edge margins, the coating 233S79$1 (GHMales) 13 providing a moisture barrier and/or enhancing the chemical resistance of the sheet; and interconnecting the edge margins to form a lockseam, the edge margins being arranged to overlap in the lockseam with the 5 coating being located in the overlap and forming a gasket to provide a watertight joint at the lockseam.

18. A method according to claim 17, further comprising the step of: applying pressure to the edge margins so as to compress the 10 coating in the lockseam.

19. A method according to claim 18, wherein a clinching force is applied to the edge margins so as to compress the coating in the lockseam.

20. A method according to claim 19, wherein pressure is applied 15 to the edge margins so as to compress the coating in the locksearn by an amount in the range of 10 - 50% of its original thickness.

21. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, further comprising the steps of: 20 providing both of the two edge margins with a coating; and connecting the edge margins to form the lockseam with the coating of one edge being in engagement with the coating of the other edge in the overlap.

22. A method according to claim 21, further comprising the step 25 of: applying pressure to the edge margins so as to compress the coatings in the lockseam.

23. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, further comprising the step of forming the lockseam by folding over one 30 edge margin around the other edge margin so that the one edge margin abuts both sides of the other edge margin.

24- A method according to any one of claims 17 to 23, further comprising the step of applying a film to the at least one metal 23379E1 (GHM e) 14 sheet so as to form the coating on the at least one of the two edge margins.

25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the film is applied to substantially all of at least one of the major surfaces of the 5 metal sheet so as to provide a moisture barrier and/or to enhance the chemical resistance of the sheet.

26. A method according to claim 17 to 25, wherein the coating is pre-applied to the at least one metal sheet, and whereby the watertight joint of the article may be formed merely on the 10 formation of the lockseam.

27. An article substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

28. A method substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 15 2313798_1 (GHMaMts)