AU2004261455B2

AU2004261455B2 - Nucleotide phosphoramidates as anticancer agents

Info

Publication number: AU2004261455B2
Application number: AU2004261455A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Christopher Mcguigan
Original assignee: Nucana PLC
Current assignee: Nucana PLC
Priority date: 2003-07-21
Filing date: 2004-07-20
Publication date: 2010-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-20
Also published as: FR23C1014I2; SI2955190T1; EP2955190A2; PL3904365T3; US20060142238A1; GB0317009D0; NO20053993L; USRE47589E1; EP2955190B1; ES2667698T3; EP3040340B1; ES2708570T3; HUS2300012I1; PT3040340T; NZ541974A; HUE059970T2; FIC20230013I1; DK3904365T3; CA2518115A1; JP2006528162A

Description

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 Chemical Compounds The present invention relates to nucleotide derivatives and their use in the treatment of cancer. 5 Nucleoside analogues such as fluorodeoxyuridine (1), cytarabine (2) and gemcitabine (3) are well established as anticancer agents. They function as inhibitors of DNA synthesis after activation to their 5'-phosphate form. O NH 2

NH

2 F ' O IN O HO 0 HO HO 10 H (1)H OH2 (3) The free bioactive phosphate forms do not in general represent useful drugs due to their poor membrane permeation. In an effort to circumvent this a number of phosphate pro drug approaches have been reported [Rosowsky et al, J. Med. Chem., 1982, 25, 171-8; 15 Hong et al, J. Med. Chem., 1985, 28, 171-8; Kodama et al, Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 1989, 80, 679-85; Hong et al, 1979, 22, 1428-32; Ji et al, J. Med. Chem., 1990, 33, 2264-70; Jones et al, Nucleic Acids Res., 1989, 17, 7195-7201; Hunston et al, J. Med. Chem., 1984, 27, 440 4; Lorey et al, Nucleosides Nucleotides, 1997, 16, 1307-10; Farquhar et al, J. Med. Chem., 1983, 26, 1153-8; Shuto et al, Nucleosides Nucleotides, 1992, 11, 437-46; Le Bec et al, 20 Tet. Letts., 1991, 32, 6553-6; Phelps et al, J. Med. Chem., 1980, 23, 1229-32]. In general the phosphate prodrugs have biological properties and therapeutic activities that are similar to, or somewhat lower than, the parent nucleoside analogue. 25 We have carried out extensive work in this area from an antiviral perspective, largely on dideoxy nucleosides, and have reported a phosphoramidate approach which has been widely adopted for the delivery of bio-active phosphates of antiviral nucleosides. An example is the phosphoramidate (4) derived from anti-HIV d4T (5).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 2 0 0 HN HN O-- N O"' O Me O Me-O-0-CN-N--O HO 0 (4) (5) We observed the effect of variations in the ester [McGuigan et al, AVCC, 1998, 9, 473-9], 5 amino acid [McGuigan et al, Antiviral Res., 1997, 35, 195-204; AVCC, 2000, 11, 111-6], and aryl [Siddiqui et al, J. Med. Chem., 1999, 42, 393-9] regions of the phosphoramidate, as well as the effect of amino acid stereochemistry [McGuigan et al, AVCC, 1996, 7, 184 8], phosphate stereochemistry [Allender et al, Analytica Chim. Acta, 2001, 435, 107-13] and nucleoside [Balzarini et al, BBRC, 1996, 225, 363-9; McGuigan et al, BioOrg. Med, 10 Chem. Lett., 1996, 6, 2369-62; McGuigan et al, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2000, 10, 645 7]. This work has lead to the optimal description of phenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphoramidate as the prototype pro-moiety for the intracellular delivery of bioactive nucleotides 15 [Balzarini et al, PNAS, 1996, 93, 7295-9; McGuigan et al, J. Med. Chem., 1996, 39, 1748 53]. Lackey et al [Biochem Pharmacol., 2001, 61, 179-89] have reported the application of our phosphoramidate pro-drug method for antiviral nucleosides to the anti-herpetic agent 20 bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU) (6). In particular, they have found that the phenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphoramidate (7) has significant anti-cancer activity. This is in marked contrast to the parent (antiviral) nucleoside (6). Br 0 Br OHN OHN O Me O HO Me-O-0-CN-N-p-0 OH (6) 0 OH (7) -3 Limited SAR has been presented by this group, although in their patent applications [W00239952, EP1200455, CA2317505, US6339151, EP116797, AU2451601] they claim a series of general variations in the base, and phosphate regions. However, based on our prior art, the phenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphoramidate (7) would be anticipated to be 5 amongst the most optimal of structures. Surprisingly, it has now been found that other derivatives of oxyarnino acidphosphoramidate nucleoside analogues are significantly more potent in the treatment of cancer than the phenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphoramidate (7). 10 According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a compound of formula I: Z' 4 Z H N 3 5 R' 0 0 O 1 6 R-O-C N-P-O / II Q R HO, Ar X Y OH 15 wherein: R is selected from the group comprising alkyl, aryl and alkylaryl, any of which is optionally substituted; R' and R" are independently selected from the group comprising H, alkyl and alkylaryl any of which said alkyl and alkylaryl is optionally substituted; or 20 R' and R" together form an alkylene chain so as to provide, together with the C atom to which they are attached, a cyclic system; Q is selected from the group comprising -0- and-CH 2 -; X and Y are independently selected from the group comprising H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH and methyl (-CH 3 ); 25 Ar is a monocyclic aromatic ring moiety or a fused bicyclic aromatic ring moiety, either of which said ring moieties is carbocyclic or heterocyclic and is optionally substituted; Z is selected from the group comprising H, alkyl and halogen; and C:\NRPoblCCGDBU005 I 55_1.DOC.15106/2010 -4 n is 0, Z' is -NH 2 and a double bond exists between position 3 and position 4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative or metabolite of a compound of formula I. 5 By "a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative" is meant any pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or salt of such ester or any other compound which upon administration to a recipient is capable of providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of formula (I). 10 Suitably, except where R is 2-Bu (-CH 2

-CH(CH

3

)

2 ) and one of R' and R" is H and one of R' and R" is methyl (-CH 3 ), when n is I and X and Y are both H, then Ar is not unsubstituted phenyl (-C 6

H

5 ). By "pharmaceutically acceptable metabolite" is meant a metabolite or residue of a Z' HnN Z 2 61 o R' O I I I N R-O-C N--

P-O

R" H OH x 15 OH compound of formula (I) which gives rise in use to a compound of formula (II): wherein n, Q, R, R', R", X, Y, Z and Z' have the meanings described above and below for formula I, and a double bond exists between position 3 and 4, and additionally R can be H, 20 with the proviso that X is not H. Suitably, with respect to compounds of formula 1I, when n is I and Z either is or is not CH=CHBr, the moiety ROCOCR'R"NH-corresponds neither to alanine (ie as above, R is not methyl (-CH 3 ), one of R' and R" is not H and one of R' and R" is not methyl (-CH 3 )) 25 nor to tryptophan (ie a-amino-o-indolylpropionic acid).

C:\NRPonbl\DCCGDB\3005155_l.DOC-15306/2O10 -5 More suitably with respect to compounds of formula II, when n is I and Z either is or is not -CH=CHBr, the moiety ROCOR'R"NH is neither derived from nor corresponds to any naturally ocurring amino acid. 5 Even more suitably, with respect to compounds of formula II, when n is 1 or 0, the moiety ROCOCR'R"NH-does not correspond to alanine (ie R is not methyl (-CH 3 ), one of R' and R" is not H and one of R' and R" is not methyl (-CH 3 )), does not preferably correspond to tryptophan, and even more preferably the said moiety does not correspond to any naturally 10 occurring amino acid. Most preferably the moiety ROCOCR'R"NH- in compounds of formula II corresponds to a non-naturally occurring amino acid. 15 Reference in the present specification to an alkyl group means a branched or unbranched, cyclic or acyclic, saturated or unsaturated (e.g. alkenyl or alkynyl) hydrocarbyl radical. Where cyclic, the alkylene group is preferably C 3 to C 12 , more preferably C 5 to Cio, more preferably C 5 to C 7 . Where acyclic, the alkyl group is preferably Ci to C 16 , more preferably Ci to C 6 . 20 Reference in the present specification to an aryl group means an aromatic group containing 5 to 14 ring atoms, for example phenyl or naphthyl. The aromatic group may be a heteroaromatic group containing one, two, three or four, preferably one, heteroatoms selected, independently, from the group consisting of 0, N and S. Examples of such 25 heteroaromatic groups include pyridyl, pyrrolyl, furanyl and thiophenyl. Preferably, the aryl group comprises phenyl or substituted phenyl.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 6 The alkyl and aryl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted. Where substituted, there will generally be one to three substituents present, preferably one substituent. Substituents may include halogen atoms, by which is meant F, Cl, Br and I atoms, and halomethyl 5 groups such as CF 3 and CCl 3 ; oxygen containing groups such as oxo, hydroxy, carboxy, carboxyC 1

.

16 alkyl, alkoxy, alkoyl, alkoyloxy, aryloxy, aryloyl and aryloyloxy; nitrogen containing groups such as amino, CI.6alkylamino, diC]- 6 alkylamino, cyano, azide and nitro; sulphur containing groups such as thiol, CI- 6 alkylthiol, sulphonyl and sulphoxide; heterocyclic groups which may themselves be substituted; alkyl groups as defined above, 10 which may themselves be substituted; and aryl groups as defined above, which may themselves be substituted, such as phenyl and substituted phenyl. Substituents on said heterocyclic, alkyl and aryl groups are as defined immediately above. Reference in the present specification to alkoxy and aryloxy groups means, respectively, 15 alkyl-O- (for example where alkyl is CI to C 16 , preferably C, to C) and aryl-O- (for example where aryl is a 5 to 14 membered aromatic mono- or bifused ring moiety, optionally containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected, independently, from 0, S and N, preferably aryl is phenyl). 20 Reference in the present specification to alkoyl and aryloyl groups means, respectively, alkyl-CO- (for example where alkyl is C 1 to C 1 6 , preferably C, to C) and aryl-CO- (for example where aryl is a 5 to 14 membered aromatic mono or bifused ring moiety, optionally containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected, independently, from 0, S and N, preferably aryl is phenyl). 25 Reference in the present specification to alkoyloxy and aryloyloxy means, respectively, alkyl-CO-0 (for example where alkyl is C] to C 16 , preferably C 1 to C 6 ) and aryl-CO-0 (for example where aryl is a 5 to 14 membered mono- or bifused aromatic ring system, optionally containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected, independently, from 0, S and N, 30 preferably aryl is phenyl). Reference in the present specification to heterocyclic groups means groups containing one or more, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyraziolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 7 pyrrolinyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyranyl, pyronly, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thionaphthyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuryl, indolyl, oxyindolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, indolinyl, 7 azaindolyl, isoindazolyl, benzopyranyl, coumarinyl, isocoumarinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, 5 naphthridinyl, cinnolinyl, quinazolinyl, pyridopyridyl, benzoxazinyl, quinoxadinyl, chromenyl, chromanyl, isochromanyl and carbolinyl. The group Ar comprises a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein the term "aryl group" and the possible substitution of said group is as defined herein. Preferably, Ar is a 10 substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. Particularly preferred substituents are electron withdrawing groups such as halogen (preferably chlorine or fluorine), trihalomethyl (preferably trifluoromethyl), cyano and nitro groups. For example, Ar can be phenyl, 3,5 dichloro-phenyl, p-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, p-cyano-phenyl, or p-nitro-phenyl. When Ar is a heteroaromatic group, preferably it is optionally substituted pyridyl. 15 Suitably, R is a C 1

-

1 6 primary or secondary alkyl group, a C 5

.

7 carbocyclic aryl group or a

CI_

6 alkylC.

11 aryl group. More suitably, R is a CIo 10 alkyl group, a phenyl group or CI_ 3 alkylC 5

.

7 aryl group. Preferably R is unsubstituted. 20 Preferably, R is methyl (-CH 3 ), ethyl (-C 2

H

5 ), n- or i- propyl (-C 3

H

7 ), n- or i- butyl (-C 4

H

9 ) or benzyl (-CH 2

C

6

H

5 ). Most preferably, R is benzyl. Particularly, R is preferably benzyl when one of R' and R" is H and one of R' and R" is methyl (-CH 3 ), especially when Ar is unsubstituted phenyl, n is 0 and each of X and Y is F. 25 Suitably, R' and R" are each independently selected from the group comprising H, CI-6 primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl, CI.3alkyC 5

.

7 aryl, or, when together they form an alkylene chain, they provide, together the C atom to which they are attached, a C 3 .s carbocyclic aliphatic ring. 30 Preferably, R' and R" are the same and are alkyl, more prefearbly they are both methyl, ethyl or n- or i- propyl.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 8 Alternatively, preferably, R' and R" are, independently, H, methyl (-CH 3 ), secondary butyl

(-CH

2

-CH-(CH

3

)

2 ), benzyl (-CH 2

C

6 Hs), or, together with the C atom to which they are attached, provide a C 56 ring. 5 Preferred compounds include those where R' and R" are both methyl, one of R' and R" is H and one of R' and R" is methyl, and R' and R", together with the C atom to which they are attached, provide a pentyl ring. When R and R" are different, the C atom to which they are attached is chiral. The present 10 compounds can be L or D or a mixture of stereoiosomers. Preferably they are L. It will be appreciated that the moiety -O-C(O)-CR'R"-NH- corresponds to a carboxy protected a-amino acid. R' and R" can thus correspond to the side chains of a naturally occurring amino acid. 15 For example, when one of R' and R" is H and one of R' and R" is Me or PhCH 2 , the moiety corresponds to alanine or phenylalanine, respectively. Preferably, the stereochemistry at the asymmetric centre -CR'R" corresponds to an L 20 amino acid. The stereochemistry at the asymmetric centre -CR'R" can, however, correspond to a D-amino acid. Alternatively, mixtures of of compounds can be employed having asymmetric centres corresponding to L and D amino acids. In the present specification by "naturally occurring amino acid" we mean Alanine, 25 Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid, Cysteine, Cystine, Glycine, Glutamic Acid, Glutamine, Histidine, Hydroxylysine, Hydroxyproline, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Valine. The present invention is not, however, limited to compounds having a moiety 30 corresponding to a naturally occurring amino acid. The present invention specifically includes compounds having a moiety which corresponds to a non-naturally occurring amino acid, such as, for example, those where R'=R"=alkyl, or, where together with the C atom to which they are attached, R' and R" provide a cyclic moiety. Preferably with WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 9 respect to the compound of formula I, the moiety ROCOCR'R"NH- corresponds to or is derived from a non-naturally occurring amino acid. With respect to compounds of formula I when n is 1, the moiety ROCOCR'R"NH 5 preferably neither corresponds to nor is derived from alanine, more preferably neither corresponds to nor is derived from either of alanine or tryptophan, even more preferably neither corresponds to nor is derived from any naturally occurring amino acid. With respect to compounds of formula I when n is 0, the moiety ROCOCR'R"NH 10 preferably neither corresponds to nor is derived from alanine, more preferably neither corresponds to nor is derived from either of alanine or trytophan, even more preferably neither corresponds to nor is derived from any naturally occurring amino acid. Preferably Q is 0. 15 Preferably, X and Y are, independently, selected from the group comprising F, H and OH. When n is 1, preferably each of X and Y is H. 20 When n is 0, preferably each of X and Y is F, or X is OH and Y is H, or X is H and Y is OH. When Z is F, Q is 0, n is I and X and Y are each H, the base moiety of the compound of formula I corresponds to that of fluorodeoxyuridine i.e. compound (1) above. 25 When Z is H, Q is 0, n is 0 and X is OH and Y is H, the base moiety of the compound of formula I corresponds to that of cytarabine i.e. compound (2) above. When Z is H, Q is 0, n is 0 and X and Y are each F, the base moiety of the compound of 30 formula I corresponds to that of gemcitabine i.e. compound (3) above. When Z is H, Q is 0, n is 0 and X is H and Y is OH, the base moiety of the compound of formula I corresponds to that of cytidine.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 10 Compounds of formula I wherein n is 0 and X and Y are F are preferred. Particularly preferred are compounds of formula I wherein n is 0, X and Y are F, Q is 0 and Z is H, corresponding to phosphoramidated gemcitabine. 5 Also preferred are compounds of formula I wherein n is 0 and X is OH and Y is H. Particularly preferred are compounds of formula I wherein n is 0, X is OH, Y is H, Q is 0 and Z is H, corresponding to phosphoramidated cytarabine. 10 Also preferred are compounds of formula I wherein n is 0 and X is H and Y is OH. Particularly preferred are compounds of formula I wherein n is 0, X is H, Y is OH, Q is 0 andZ is H, corresponding to phosphoramidated cytidine. Suitably, Ar is a 5 to 14 membered aromatic ring moiety. The one or two rings may 15 include 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms, preferably 1, selected, independently, from 0, S and N. Preferably, Ar is a carbomonocyclic aromatic ring moiety. More preferably, Ar is a C 6 monocyclic aromatic ring moiety, ie is optionally substituted phenyl. 20 One, two, three or four substituents, which may be the same or different, may be present on Ar and are selected from the group comprising halogen, which may -F, -Cl, -Br or -I; NO 2 ; -NH 2 ; optionally substituted -CI.

3 alkyl; optionally substituted -CI 3 alkoxy, preferably methoxy (-OCH 3 ); optionally substituted -SCI 3 alkyl; -CN; optionally substituted -COC 3 alkyl; and optionally substituted -CO 2 C 13 alkyl. The optional substitutents are one or 25 more up to six, preferably three, members selected from the group comprising halogen which may be F, Cl, Br and I and NO 2 . Preferred substituents on Ar include F, Cl, CF 3 , and NO 2 . The substituents may be at any position on the ring moiety. Where the ring moiety is C 6 ie 30 phenyl, a single substituent at the 2 (ortho) or 4 (para) position is preferred. Where Ar is phenyl, a single substituent at the 4 position is more preferred.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 11 Preferably, Ar is an optionally substituted phenyl moiety. More preferably, Ar is selected form the group comprising: Ph-, pCF 3

C

6

H

4 -, pFC 6

H

4 -, pNO 2

C

6

H

4 -, pClC 6

H

4 - and oClC 6

H

4 -. 5 Suitably, Z is selected from the group comprising H, C 1

.

6 alkyl, substituted Ci- 6 alkyl, C 1

.

6 alkenyl, substituted CI- 6 alkenyl, C 1

.

6 alkynyl, substituted C 1

.

6 alkynyl and halogen, where halogen is F, Cl, Br or I. Substituents that may be present on the alkenyl or alkynyl moiety are selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, and -CO 2 Me. One, two or three substituents may be present. The alkenyl and alkynyl groups may contain one or more sites 10 of unsaturation. Where Z is substituted alkenyl or alkynyl, the substituent is preferably on the terminal C atom. 15 Preferably Z is selected from the group comprising H, F, optionally substituted CI- 6 alkyl particularly Me (-CH 3 ), optionally substituted CI.

6 alkenyl and optionally substituted C 1 . 6 alkynyl, the optional substituents being as recited immediately above. When n is 1, Z' is 0, Q is 0 and X and Y are each H, preferably Z is a substituted C 2 20 alkenyl (i.e. ethenyl or vinyl) moiety (-CH=CH-); more preferably, Z is bromovinyl ( CH=CHBr) or methylpropenoate (-CH=CHCO 2 Me); and most preferably, Z is CH=CHBr. With respect to compounds of formula II, preferably when n is I and X and Y are both H, 25 then Z is not F. With respect to compounds of formula II, when n is 0, preferably X is not H and Y is not OH, more preferably X is OH and Y is H or X and Y are both F. 30 With respect to compounds of formula II, when n is 0, X is OH and Y is H, preferably neither R' nor R" is phenylmethyl (ie benzyl) or 3-methylindolyl (ie 3-CH 2 indolyl).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 12 Surprisingly, modifying the ester moiety in compound (7) has been found to show a marked increase in potency with respect to cancer cell lines. A preferred compound embodying the present invention is the benzyl ester (8). It has surprisingly been found that the benzyl ester (8) is very significantly more potent against several cancer cell lines than 5 the methyl ester (7): 0 Br HN OIN O Me 0 O-C-CH-N -O - H 0 (8) (6 OH Compound (8) inhibits the growth of colon cancer cell line HTI 15 by 50% at 1.4 pM, 10 whilst (7) requires a concentration of 244 pM; (8) is thus 174 times more potent. Compound (8) is also 8 times more potent than (7) versus prostate cancer cell line PC-3 (19 pM vs. 155 pM). The degree of potency enhancement for (8) vs. (7) is surprising based on the prior art. 15 Thus, comparing the equivalent phosphoramidates of d4T reveals a ca 4-fold potency boost of (10) over (9) [McGuigan et al, AVCC, 1998, 9, 473-9]. 0 0 HNO OAN e 0 0 re 0 Me-O-C-CH-N-P-O -C-CH-N -0 a 6(9) (10) 20 This would imply that the benzyl phosphoramidate motif in (10) is ca 4-fold more efficient at the intracellular delivery of the bio-active free phosphate forms of d4T than is the methyl ester (9). A person skilled in the art would anticipate a similar degree of WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 13 enhancement for the benzyl phosphoramidate of BVDU (8) over the methyl ester (7) whilst we observed an almost 200-fold enhancement for colon cancer as noted above. Surprising efficacy of modifications in the amino acid and aryl moieties of the BVDU 5 phosporamidate has also been found in compounds embodying the present invention. Thus, compound (11) has simultaneous modification in these two regions, being the p trifluoromethylphenyl benzyl [c,-dimethylglycinyl ]phosphoramidate. 0 Br HN OIN O Me 0 Me1111 O-E N- -O Me 10 F 3 C Compound II shows high potency against a range of cancer cell types and is significantly and surprisingly more potent than (7). Thus, for breast cancer (11) is 60-fold more active (1.3pM vs 79 ptM), and for prostate cancer (11) is 254-fold more potent (0.61 piM vs. 155 15 pM). Against colon cancer, (11) is 35-fold more potent (7 pM vs 244 PM). Again, the degree of enhancement of the analogue (11) vs. (7) is surprising based on prior art. Thus, comparing (12) [dimethyl glycine modification] and (13) [p-CF 3 phenyl modification] to (9) shows no significant difference in potency. 0 0 0OMe 0 O'f0Me 0O N ~~~Me-O--NM -- 6-N-4L-O M eM OP (12) H -P -O(13) 20 F 3

C

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 14 Thus 50% effective doses vs HIV-1 for (9), (12) and (13) are: 0.075, 0.29, and 0.01 pM respectively; within experimental error, (12) and (13) are identical in potency to (9). Thus a person skilled in the art would have predicted that (11) would show little enhancement over (7) as opposed to the 35 to 254-fold enhancements noted above. 5 Thus, compounds embodying the present invention and having variations in one or more of the ester (R), amino acid (R', R") and aryl (Ar) region of the phosphoramidate structure compared to phenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphoramidate can give surprising and substantial potency boosts of pro-tides derived from BVDU against a range of cancer cell types. 10 According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a compound having formula I according to the present invention for use in a method of treatment, preferably in the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer. 15 According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of phrophylaxis or treatment of cancer comprising administration to a patient in need of such treatment an effective dose of a compound having formula I according to the present invention. 20 According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided use of a compound having formula I of the present invention in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment or prophlylaxis of cancer. According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a pharmaceutical 25 composition comprising a compound having formula I of the present invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent. According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a pharmaceutical composition comprising the step of combining a compound 30 having formula I of the present invention with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 15 The present invention is particularly applicable for the treatment of a patient having breast cancer, colon cancer or prostate cancer. Examples of such cancers include breast MDA MB231, colon HT115 and prostate PC-3. 5 The compound having formula I or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can be administered to a patient, which may be human or animal, by any suitable means. The medicaments employed in the present invention can be administered by oral or 10 parenteral routes, including intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, transdermal, airway (aerosol), rectal, vaginal and topical (including buccal and sublingual) administration. For oral administration, the compounds of the invention will generally be provided in the 15 form of tablets or capsules, as a powder or granules, or as an aqueous solution or suspension. Tablets for oral use may include the active ingredient mixed with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as inert diluents, disintegrating agents, binding agents, 20 lubricating agents, sweetening agents, flavouring agents, colouring agents and preservatives. Suitable inert diluents include sodium and calcium carbonate, sodium and calcium phosphate, and lactose, while cornstarch and alginic acid are suitable disintegrating agents. Binding agents may include starch and gelatin, while the lubricating agent, if present, will generally be magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. If desired, the 25 tablets may be coated with a material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, to delay absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Capsules for oral use include hard gelatin capsules in which the active ingredient is mixed with a solid diluent, and soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with 30 water or an oil such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin or olive oil. Formulations for rectal administration may be presented as a suppository with a suitable base comprising for example cocoa butter or a salicylate.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 16 Formulations suitable for vaginal administration may be presented as pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, pastes, foams or spray formulations containing in addition to the active ingredient such carriers as are known in the art to be appropriate. 5 For intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous use, the compounds of the invention will generally be provided in sterile aqueous solutions or suspensions, buffered to an appropriate pH and isotonicity. Suitable aqueous vehicles include Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride. Aqueous suspensions according to the invention 10 may include suspending agents such as cellulose derivatives, sodium alginate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and gum tragacanth, and a wetting agent such as lecithin. Suitable preservatives for aqueous suspensions include ethyl and n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate. The compounds of the invention may also be presented as liposome formulations. 15 In general a suitable dose will be in the range of 0.1 to 300 mg per kilogram body weight of the recipient per day. A preferred lower dose is 0.5 mg per kilogram body weight of recpient per day, a more preferred lower dose is 6 mg per kilogram body weight of recipient per day, an even more preferred lower dose is 10 mg per kilogram body weight 20 per recipient per day. A suitable dose is preferably in the range of 6 to 150 mg per kilogram body weight per day, and most preferably in the range of 15 to 100 mg per kilogram body weight per day. The desired dose is preferably presented as two, three, four, five or six or more sub-doses administered at appropriate intervals throughout the day. These sub-doses may be administered in unit dosage forms, for example, containing 25 10 to 1500 mg, preferably 20 to 1000 mg, and most preferably 50 to 700 mg of active ingredient per unit dosage form. According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of a compound having formula I according to the present invention, the process 30 comprising reacting of a compound of formula (III): WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 17 Z' H ,n 3 5 1 2 6 N HO Q Y OH with a compound of formula (IV): O R' 0 R-O-C N-P-Cl (IV) R" H O Ar wherein Ar,n Q, R, R', R", X, Y, Z' and Z have the meanings described above with respect 5 to formula (I). Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following examples, experimental procedures and experimental data. 10 Data are presented for a range of structures against tumour cell types representing a range of common cancers in man with un-met clinical need: breast MDA MB231, colon HT1 15, prostate PC-3. Data from these assays are presented as Table 1. Experimental Procedure 15 General methods The following anhydrous solvents and reagents were bought from Aldrich with sure stopper: dichloromethane (DCM), diethyl ether (Et 2 O), tetrahydrofuran THF), N methylimidazole (NMI), methanol (MeOH), dimethylformamide (DMF), 1,4-dioxane. 20 triethylamine was dried on molecular sieves of 4 Angstrom.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 18 Thin Layer Chromatography Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on commercially available Merck Kieselgel 60 F 254 plates and separated components were visualized using ultraviolet light (254 nm and 366 nm). 5 Column Chromatography Columns were performed using (Kieselgel 60, 35-70pum, Fluka) as the stationary phase. Samples were applied as a concentrated solution in the same eluent, or pre-adsorbed onto silica gel. 10 NMR Spectroscopy IH, 13C and "P-NMR were recorded on a Bruker Avance DPX300 spectrometer with operating frequencies of 300MHz, 75MHz and 121MHz respectively. 31 P-NMR spectra are reported in units of 8 relative to 85% phosphoric acid as external standard, 15 positive shifts are downfield. The following abbreviations are used in the assignment of NMR signals: s (singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), q (quartet), m (multiplet), bs (broad signal), dd (doublet of doublet), dt (doublet of triplet). Starred signal signal are splitted due to stereolsomeric mixtures. 20 Standard procedures For practical purposes, standard procedures are given where applicable. Standard procedure 1: Synthesis ofAmino ester hydrochloride salts. To a stirring solution of anhydrous alcohol ( 10 mol eq.) was added thionyl chloride (2 25 mol eq.) at 0" C, and the resulting solution stirred for 1 hr. After warming to room temperature, the appropriate amino acid (1 mol eq) was added and the reaction heated at reflux for 6-16 hrs. Removal of solvent and recrystallisation from methanol/ether gave the amino ester hydrochloride salts. 30 Standard procedure 2: Synthesis ofAmino benzyl ester hydrochloride salts. The appropriate amino acid (1.0 mol eq.), p-toluene sulfonic acid (1.0 mol eq.) and anhydrous benzyl alcohol (4.1 mol eq.) were heated at reflux in toluene (10 mol eq.) with Dean-Stark trap for 24 hrs. On cooling to room temperature, Et 2 O was added and the WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 19 mixture was left in ice bath for 1hr then filtrated and washed with Et 2 0. The solid was dissolved in DCM and washed with 10% K 2

CO

3 and water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give an oil. This was solubilized in acetone and neutralized with 1 M HCl. Et 2 O was added and the solid 5 was filtered and washed with Et 2 O to give a white solid. Standard procedure 3: Synthesis of Phosphorodichloridate species. Phosphorus oxychloride (1.0 mol eq.) and the appropriate substituted phenol (1.0 mol) were stirred with anhydrous diethylether (31 mol eq.). To this was added anhydrous 10 triethylamine (1.0 mol eq) at -80 *C and left to rise to room temperature over 16 hrs. the triethylamine hydrochloride salt was filtered off, and the filtrate reduced to dryness to give the crude product as a clear liquid. Standard procedure 4: Synthesis of Phosphochloridate species. 15 Phosphodichloridate (1.0 mol eq.) and the appropriate amino ester hydrochloric salt (1.0 mol eq.) were suspended in anhydrous DCM. Anhydrous triethylamine was added dropwise at -80 *C and after 1hr the reaction was left to rise to room temperature. The formation of phosphochloridate was monitored by 3 P-NMR. After 2-5 hrs the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the solid obtained washed with anhydrous ether (2x20 20 ml), filtered, and the filtrate reduced to dryness to give the products as crude oil. These oils were usually used without further purification. Standard procedure 5: Synthesis of Phosphoroamidate derivatives. To a stirring solution of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (1.0 mol eq.) and the 25 appropriate phosphochloridate (2.0- 3.0 mol eq) in anhydrous THF at -80*C was added dropwise over 1 min NMI (5.0 mol eq.). After 15 mins the reaction was left to rise to room temperature and stirred at room temperature for 2-19 hrs. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the yellow oil obtained was dissolved in DCM, washed with 0.5 M HCI, and water. The organic layer is dried over MgSO 4 , filtered, reduced to dryness and 30 purified by flash chromatography (Chloroform/Methanol 97/3, Dichloromethane/Methanol 97/3).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 20 Synthesis of Methyl-l-amino-1-cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt.

C

6

H

14 ClN0 3 , MW=179.68. 0

CO

2 Me

NH

2 ,HCI 5 This was synthesised according to Standard Procedure 1, using 1-amino-1 cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (3.876 g, 30 mmol) with thionyl chloride (4.44 mL, 45 mmol,) and anhydrous methanol (15.5 mL). The product was isolated as a white solid (4.81 g, yield 89%). 10 'H-NMR (CDC] 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 9.1 (3H, bs, NH* 3 Cl~), 3.85 (3H, s, OCH 3 ), 2.3-2.2 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 2.15 (2H, 2H cyclopentane), 1.95 (2H, m, 2H cyclopentane). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 26.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.1 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 54.8

(CH

3 0), 66.6 (Cq-cyclopentane), 174.1 (COOMe). 15 Synthesis of Ethyl-1 -amino-1-cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt.

C

8

H

16 C1N0 2 , MW=193.71.

CO

2 Et

NH

2 ,HCI 20 This was synthesised according to Standard Procedure 1, using I-amino-1 cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (5.0 g, 38.6 mmol) with thionyl chloride (5.72 mL, 58 mmol) and anhydrous ethanol (29 mL). The product was isolated as a white solid (6.98 g, yield 93%). 25 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 9.0 (3H, bs, NH*Cl-), 4.3 (2H, q, 3 J=8, OCHCH 3 ), 2.3 2.2 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 2.15 (2H, 2H cyclopentane), 1.95 (2H, m, 2H cyclopentane), 1.4 (3H, t, 'J=8, OCH 2

CH

3 ). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 25.8 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 37.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 63.0 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 66.2 (Cq.cyclopentane), 172.1 (_OOEt). 30 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 21 Synthesis of Benzyl-1-amino-1-cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt.

C

14 HisCN0 2 , MW=255.78.

CO

2 Bn

NH

2 ,HCI 5 This was synthesised according to Standard Procedure 2, using 1-amino-1 cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (3.682 g, 28.5 mmol) with p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate (5.625 g, 29.55 mmol) and anhydrous benzylic alcohol (12 mL, 116 mmol), in Toluene (20 mL). The product was isolated as a white solid (6.441 g, yield 88.5%) 10 Hydrochloride salt. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 9.05 (3H, bs, NH 3 +Cl~), 7.4-7.25 (5H, m, Ph), 5.15 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 2.3 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 2.15 (2H, 2H cyclopentane), 1.95 (2H, m, 2H cyclopentane). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 25.9 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 37.3 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 66.3 (Cq cyclopentane), 68.3 (CH 2 Ph), 129.2, 129.0, 128.8 ('o', 'm', CH 2 Ph), 135.5 ('p', CH 2 Ph), 15 172.1 (COOBn). Synthesis of methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate hydrochloride salt

C

5

H

12 C1N0 3 , MW 153.61. 20

HCIH

2 N O This was synthesised according to Standard Procedure 1, using 2-amino-isobutyric acid (5.102 g, 48.49 mmol) with thionyl chloride (11.538 g, 96.98 mmol, 7.04 mL) and anhydrous methanol (19.6 mL). The product was isolated as a white solid (6.636 g, yield 89.2%). 25 'H-NMR (CDC] 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 8.81 (3H, bs, NHCl), 3.83 (3H, s, OCH ), 1.74 (6H, s, [CHj3] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 24.1, 24.3 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 57.9 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 172.4 (COOCH 3

).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 22 Synthesis of ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate hydrochloride salt.

C

6 HAC1N0 2 , MW 167.63.

HCIH

2 N'O 5 This was synthesised according to Standard Procedure 1, using 2-amino-isobutyric acid (5.102 g, 48.49 mmol) with thionyl chloride (11.772 g, 98.95 mmol, 7.2 mL) and anhydrous ethanol (29 mL). The product was isolated as a white solid (7.159 g, yield 86.3%). 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 8.93 (3H, bs, NH 3 Cl), 4.3 (2H, q, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH CH 3 ), 10 1.75 (6H, s, [CH] 2 C), 1.33 (3H, t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2

CH

3 ). 13 C-NMR (CDCI 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.4 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 24.3 ([C1 3 1 2 C), 57.9 (_[CH 3

]

2 ), 63.1

(OCH

2

CH

3 ), 171.6 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 15 Synthesis of benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate hydrochloride salt. CnIH 16 C1N0 2 , MW 229.70.

HCIH

2 N O 0 This was synthesised according to Standard Procedure 2, using 2-amino-isobutyric acid 20 (1.960 g, 19.00 mmol) with p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate (3.750g, 19.7 mmol) and benzylic alcohol (8.360 g, 77.30 mmol, 8 mL), in toluene (20 mL). The product was isolated as a white solid (2.556 g, yield 87.4%) p-toluenesulfonate salt: 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 6 8.40 (3H, bs, NH 3 Cl), 7.79 (2H, d, 'J=8.0 Hz, 'm'p-TSA), 7.34 (5H, m, CH 2 Ph), 7.14 (2H, d, 3 J=8.0 Hz, 'o' p 25 TSA), 5.16 (2H, s, CHPh), 2.38 (3H, s, CHp-TSA), 1.57 (6H, s, [CMH] 2

C)

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 23 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 21.8 (CH 3 , p-TSA), 23.9 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 57.8 (_C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.3

(CH

2 Ph), 126.55, 128.5, 128.8, 129.0, 129.3 (CH 2 Ph+p-TSA), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 140.8 ('p',p-TSA), 141.9 ('ipso',p-TSA), 171.9 (COOCH 2 Ph). Hydrochloride salt: 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 9.10 (3H, bs, NH3C), 7.41-7.31 (5H, 5 m, CH 2 Ph), 5.27 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 1.77 ([CH3] 2 C). 13C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 24.2 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 58.0 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.5 (CH 2 Ph), 128.62, 129.0, 129.1 ('o', 'm', 'p', CH 2 Ph), 135.2 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 171.8 (COOCH 2 Ph). 10 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (E)-5-(2-Carbomethoxyvinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine

COOCH

3 H O 15 A mixture of Pd(OAc) 2 (0.316 g, 1.41 mmol), PPh 3 (0.741 g, 2.82 mmol), and triethylamine (4.9 mL) in 1,4-dioxane (50 mL) was stirred at 70*C until an intense red colour had developed. To this 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (10 g, 28.24 mmol) and methylacrilate (4.862 g, 56.48 mmol, 5.1 mL) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) were added and the mixture stirred at refluxed for 30 mins. The reaction was filtered while still hot and the 20 filtrate cooled over night at 4*C. The resulting pale yellow precipitate was filtered, washed with DCM and dried in vacuo to give the product as white solid (6.2 g, yield 70.7%). 'H-NMR (DMSO-d 6 ; 300 MHz) 8 11.64 (1H, bs, NH-3), 8.42 (1H, s, H-6), 7.37 (1H, d, 3 J=15.8 Hz, H vinylic), 6.86 (IH, d, 3 J=15.8 Hz, H vinylic), 6.13 (1H, t, 3 J=6.5 Hz, H-I'), 5.27-5.20 (2H, 2bs, OH-3', OH-5'), 4.27 (IH, m, H-3'), 3.81 (IH, m, H-4'), 3.68 (3H, s, 25 CH 3 ), 3.60 (2H, m, H-5'), 2.18 (2H, m, H-2'). 13C-NMR (DMSO-d 6 ; 75 MHz): 8 40.4 (C-2'), 51.6 (CH 3 ), 66.7 (C-5'), 70.0 (C-3'), 85.2 (C-4'), 88.0 (C-I'), 108.5 (C-5), 116.5 (C-5b), 138.5 (C-5a), 144.4 (C-6), 149.6, 162.1 (C 2, C-4), 167.6 (COO).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 24 (E)-5-(2-Carboxyvinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine COOH H O H 5 (E)-5-(2-carbomethoxyvinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (6.0 g, 19.33 mmol) was dissolved in 300 mL of I M NaOH and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 3 hrs, filtered and the filtrate adjusted to pH 2 with 1M HCI. On cooling at 4*C a white precipitate formed. This was filtered off and washed with cold water (2x 20 ml) and acetone (2x20 mL) and dred to 10 give a white solid (4.441 g, yield 77.1%). 'H-NMR (DMSO-d 6 ; 300 MHz): 6 12.18 (1H, bs, CO 2 H), 11.64 (1H, s, NH-3), 8.40 (1H, s, H-6), 7.30 (1H, d, 3J=15.6 Hz, H vinylic), 6.78 (IH, d, 3 J=15.8 Hz, H vinylic), 6.14 (1H, t, 3J=6.4 Hz, H-I'), 5.38 -5.08 (2H, bs, OH-3', OH-5'), 4.26 (1H, m, H-3'), 3.80 (IH, m, H-4'), 3.64 (2H, m, H-5'), 2.18 (2H, m, H-2'). 15 3 C-NMR (DMSO-d 6 ; 75 MHz): 6 40.1 (C-2'), 61.2 (C-5'), 70.1 (C-3'), 85.1 (C-4'), 88.0 (C-I'), 108.7 (C-5), 118.0 (C-5b), 137.9 (C-5a), 143.9 (C-6), 149.6, 162.1 (C-2, C-4), 168.4 (COOH). (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine 20 Br H 0 H OH To a solution of (E)-5-(2-carboxyvinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (5.777 g, 19.37 mmol) in dimethylforamide (29 mL) was added K 2

CO

3 (5.890 g, 42.61 mmol) and the suspension stirred at room temperature for 15 mins. A solution of N-bromosuccinimide (3.655 g, WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 25 20.53 mmol) was added dropwise over 30 mins at 20*C. The resulting suspension was filtered and the solid washed with DMF. The combined filtrate and washings were evaporated to dryness in vacuo and the residue dissolved in MeOH. To this silica gel was added and the suspension evaporated to dryness and the solid applied to the top of 5 chromatographic column. The column was eluted with chloroform/methanol 92/8 to give a white solid (5787g, 71.9%). Crystallisation from water gave a white powder. 'H-NMR (DMSO-d 6 ; 300 MHz) 8 11.59 (1H, bs, NH-3), 8.08 (1H, s, H-6), 7.25 (1H, d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 6.85 (1H, d, 'J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.13 (1H, t, 3 J=6.5 Hz, H-I'), 5.29 (1H, bs, OH-3'), 5.13 (1H, bs, OH-5'), 4.24 (1H, m, H-3'), 3.79 (1H, m, H-4'), 3.66 (2H, 10 m, H-5'), 2.51 (1H, m, H-2'), 2.14 (1H, m, H-2'). "C-NMR (DMSO-d 6 ; 75 MHz): 6 40.2 (C-2'), 61.3 (C-5), 70.3 (C-4'), 84.8 (C-3'), 87.8 (C-i'), 108.9 (C-5b), 110.0 (C-5), 130.3 (C-5a), 149.6, 162.1 (C-2, C4). 15 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)] phosphate (CPF 1).

C

21

H

25 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW 574.32. Br H NH Me

OH

3 OH 0 20 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (300 mg, 0.90 mmol), Phenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (472 mg, 1.7 mmol), NMI (4.5 mmol, 378 pL) in THF (9 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white 25 foamy solid (356 mg, yield 69%). 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.72, 4.40.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 26 H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 9.9 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.64 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.44-7.39 (iH, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.37-7.15 (5H, m, OPh), 6.75-6.67 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30-6.21 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, Hi'), 4.57-4.29 (3H, m, H-5'+H-3'), 4.2-3.96 (3H, H-4', NH, CHala), 3.72 (3H, s, CH 3 0), 2.49-2.40 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.12-2.01 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.38 5 (3H, d, 3J=7 Hz, CH 3 ala). 3 C-NMR (DMSO; 75 MHz): 6 22.4 (CH 3 ala), 41.9, 41.8 (C-2'), 51.9 (CI[CH 3 ]), 54.3

(CH

3 0), 67.5 (C-5'), 72.3, 71.9 (C-3'), 87.3, 87.2, 86.9, 86.8 (C-l', C-4'), 110.6 (C-5b), 113.1 (C-5), 121.7 ('o', OPh), 127.0 ('p', OP/h), 130.1 (C-5a), 131.5 ('m', OPh), 139.2 (C 6), 150.9 ('ipso', OPh) 151.9 (C-4), 163.2(C-2), 175.7 (COOCH 3 ). 10 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Iphenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)] phosphate(CPF 3).

C

22

H

27 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=588.34. 15 Br H o- -I NHi E ns CH 3 OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), Phenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (249 mg, 0.9 mmol), NMI (2.8 20 mmol, 190 tL) in THF (4 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (145 mg, yield 55%). 3 P-NMR (CDCI 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.48, 4.86. 1H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 6 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.44-7.39 (1H, 2d, 'J=13 Hz, H-5b), 25 7.35-7.10 (5H, m, OPh), 6.78-6.65 (iH, 2d, 3 J=13 Hz, H-5a), 6.35-6.25 (1H, 2t, 3J=6 Hz, HI'), 4.62-3.95 (8H, m, H-5', H-3', H-4', CHala, NH, CH 3 CH2O), 2.49-2.40 (1H, m, one WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 27 of H-2'), 2.10-2.00 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.40 (3H, d, 3J=7 Hz, CH 3 aa), 1.25 (3H, 2t, 3J=7 Hz, CHCH 2 O). 13 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (LH 3

CH

2 0) 21.2, 21.1 (CH 3 ala), 40.9,40.7 (C-2'), 50.8, 50.7 (CHala), 62.2, 62.1 (CH 3 I-_1 2 0), 66.5, 66.3 (C-5'), 70.9, 70.6 (C-3'), 86.0, 85.6 5 (C-l', C-4'), 110.1 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 120.6 ('o', OP), 125.0 ('p', OPh), 129.0 (C-5a), 130.2 ('M', OPh), 138.2 (C-6), 149.9 (C-4), 150.7 ('ipso', OPh), 162.3 (C-2), 174.2,174.1

(COOCH

2

CH

3 ). 10 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)] phosphate (CPF 2).

C

27

H

2 9 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=649.08. Br H Bn 0-

CH

3 OH 0 15 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), Phenyl-(benzyloxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (249 mg, 0.9 mmol), NMI (2.8 mmol, 190 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white 20 foamy solid (228 mg, yield 78%). "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.74, 4.44. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.31 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.63 (1 H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45-7.14 (11H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph, H-5b), 6.75-6.66 (1H, 2d, 3j=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30-6.25 (1H, m, H-I'), 5.18-50.9 (1H, s, CH2Ph), 4.70-4.04 (6H, m, H-3', H-5',H-4', NII, CHala), 2.42 (1H, m, 25 one of H-2'), 2.02 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.40 (3H, d, 3 J=7 Hz, CH 3 ala). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC] 3 , 75 MHz): 8 20.7, 20.8 (CH 3 ala), 40.4 (C-2'), 50.4 (Cala), 66.0 (C-5'), 67.4 (CH 2 Ph), 70.6 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.5, 85.6, 85.8 (C-I', C-4'), 109.9 (C-5b), 111.5 (C-5b), WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 28 120.2 ('o', OPh), 125.4 ('p', OPh), 128.5, 128.6, 129.9 ('m' OPh, Bn, C-5a), 1 3 5 .1('ipso',

CH

2 Ph) 137.8 (C-6), 149.8 (C-4) 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 161.8 (C-2), 173.6 (_OOBn). 5 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-fluorophenyl-(methoxy L-alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 5).

C

2

H

24 BrFN 3 0 9 P, MW=592.31. Br H 04 F O Me C

CH

3 OH 0 10 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), para-fluorophenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (442 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a 15 white foamy solid (177 mg, yield 50%). 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 5.10, 4.81. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 10.1 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.60 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.39-7.32 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.20-6.95 (4H, m, OP), 6.70-6.60 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30-6.15 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, Hi'), 4.55-4.29 (3H, m, H-5'+H-3'), 4.15 (1H, NH), 4.05-3.85 (2H, H-4', 20 CHala), 3.72 (3H, 2s, CH 3 0), 2.49-2.32 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.15-2.05 (1 H, m, one of H 2'), 1.35 (3H, 2d, 3 J=6 Hz, CH 3 aIa). 1 3 C-NMR (DMSO; 75 MHz): 6 21.2 (CH 3 aia), 40.8 (C-2'), 50.8, 50.6 (_CH[CH 3 ]), 53.2 (_1C30), 66.7, 66.3 (C-5'), 71.9, 71.8 (C-3'), 86.1, 85.7, 85.8 (C-I', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 117.0, 116.7 ('o', OP/h), 122.0 ('m', OP/i), 128.2 (C-5a), 138.2 (C-6), 149.0 25 ('ipso', OPh) 149.9 (C-4), 158.5 ('p', OPh), 163.2(C-2), 175.1 (_OOCH 3

).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 29 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-fluorophenyl-(ethoxy-L alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 6).

C

2 2

H

26 BrFN 3 0 9 P, MW=606.33. Br H FO- OH 5 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), para-fluorophenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (464 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by 10 column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (240 mg, yield 66%). 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 5.14, 4.88. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.25 (IH, bs, H-3), 7.85 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.44-7.39 (1H, 2d, 3J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.3-7.0 (4H, m, OPh), 6.8-6.65 (1H, 2d, 3j=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.35-6.25 15 (1H, 2t, 'J=6 Hz, H '), 4.6-4.1 (6H, m, H-5', H-3', CHala, NH, CH 3 CH20), 4.02 (1H, m, H-4'), 2.55-2.45 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.20-2.10 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.40 (3H, d, 'J=8 Hz, CH 3 aa), 1.25 (3H, 2t, 3J=7 Hz, CH 3

CH

2 O). 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 , 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O) 21.3 (CH 3 ala), 40.8,40.7 (C-2'), 50.8, 50.7 (CHala), 62.3 (CH 3 CH20), 66.7, 66.3 (C-5'), 71.1, 70.7 (C-3'), 86.1, 85.8, 85.6, 85.4 20 (C-l', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 117.0 ('o', OP/h), 122.2 ('m', OPh), 128.9 (C-5a), 138.2 (C-6), 146.4 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 158.5 ('p', OPh), 162.2, 161.8 (C-2), 174.2

(COOCH

2

CH

3 ). 25 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-fluorophenyl-(benzoxy L-alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 7).

C

27

H

28 BrFN 3 0 9 P, MW=668.40.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 30 Br H NH BnQj Bn CH 3 OH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-fluorophenyl-(benzyloxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (556 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (256 mg, yield 64%). 3P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.74, 4.44. 10 'H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 6 7.69 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45-7.39 (1H, 2d, .J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.37-7.00 (9H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.75-6.65 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30-6.2 (1H, 2t, 'J=6Hz, H-1'), 5.2 (1H, 2s, CH 2 Ph), 4.85-4.00 (6H, m, H-3',H-5',H-4', NH, CHala), 2.47 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.0-2.15 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.38 (3H, d, 'J=7 Hz, CH 3 ala). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 8 21.2, 21.1 (CH 3 ala), 40.7 (C-2'), 50.4 (CHala), 66.7, 66.4 15 (C-5'), 67.8 (_CH 2 Ph), 71.1, 70.7 (C-3'), 86.0, 85.7, 85.4, 85.3 (C-I', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 117.0 ('o', OPh), 122.0 ('m', OPh), 128.7, 128.6 (Bn, C-5a), 135.4('ipso',

CH

2 Ph) 138.2 (C-6), 146.5 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 158.5 ('p' OPh), 162.2 (C-2), 173.9 (COOBn). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-nitrophenyl-(methoxy-L alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 10).

C

21

H

24 BrN 4 0 11 P, MW=619.31.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 31 0 ___ Br H 0 N 02 O- NH CH3 OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (483 mg, 1.5 mmol), 5 NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (211 mg, yield 57%). 3 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.95. H-NMR (MeOD; 300 MHz): 8 8.3-8.2 (2H, m, OPh) 7.8-7.75 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.35-7.30, 10 7.55-7.4 (2H, m, OPh), 7.35-7.30 (1H, 2d, 3J=14 Hz, H-5b), 6.80-6.70 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30-6.2 (1H, 2t, 3J=6 Hz, H1'), 4.5-4.3 (3H, m, H-5',H-3'), 4.2-4.0 (2H, m, H-4', CHala), 3.72 (3H, 2s, CH 3 0), 2.35-2.15 (2H, m, 2 H-2'), 1.35 (3H, 2d, 3 J=7Hz, CH 3 aa). 3 C-NMR (DMSO; 75 MHz): 8 20.9 (CH 3 ala), 41.6, 41.5 (C-2'), 52.0, 51.9 (CHICH 3 ]), 53.4 (CH30), 68.5 (C-5'), 72.4, 72.3 (C-3'), 87.7, 87.4, 87.0, 86.9 (C-1', C-4'), 109.8 (C 15 5b), 112.8 (C-5), 122.6 ('o', OPh), 127.1 ('m', OPh), 130.8 (C-5a), 140.3 (C-6), 146.5 ('ipso', OPh), 151.4 (C-4), 157.2 ('p', OPh), 163.9 (C-2), 175.8,175.5 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-L alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 9). 20 C 22

H

26 BrN 4

O

11 P, MW=633.34.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 32 0 ___ Br 2N0 NH E ICH3 OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (504 mg, 1.5 mmol), 5 NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 1 hr. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (232 mg, yield: 61%). 3 1 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.28. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.25 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.25-8.2 (2H, 2d, 3 J=9Hz OPh), 7.7 10 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.5-7.45 (2H, 2d , 3 J=9Hz, OPh), 7.4-7.35 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 6.7 6.65 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.3-6.2 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, Hi'), 4.8-4.1 (7H, m, H-5', H-4' H-3', CHala, NH, CH 3

CH

2 O), 2.45-2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.20-2.10 (1H, m, one of H 2'), 1.40 (3H, d, 3 J=8 Hz, CH 3 ala), 1.3 (3H, 2t, 3 J=7 Hz, CIbCH 2 O). 13C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): S 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O) 21.1 (CH 3 ala), 40.6 (C-2'), 50.8, 50.7 15 (CHala), 62.5 (CH 3

CH

2 0), 66.9, 66.8 (C-5'), 71.2, 70.9 (C-3'), 86.3, 85.9, 85.4, 85.3 (C F', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 121.3 ('o', OPh), 126.1 ('m', OPh), 128.8 (C-5a), 138.4 (C-6), 145.1 ('ipso', OPi), 149.9 (C-4), 155.5 ('p', OP/h), 162.3 (C-2), 174.0, 173.9

(COOCH

2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-L alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 8).

C

27

H

28 BrN 4 0 11 P, MW=695.41.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 33 0 _ Br HN 0 N I2 Bn ONH " Yn CH 3 OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(benzyloxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (597 mg, 1.5 mmol), 5 NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 C1 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (228 mg, yield 55%). 3 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 5 4.74, 4.44. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.4-10.3 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.2-8.1 (2H, m, OPh), 7.69 (1H, 10 2xs, H-6), 7.4-7.2 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.37-7.00 (7H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.75-6.65 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.25-6.15 (11H, 2t, 3 J=6Hz, H-l'), 5.2 (1 H, d, CH2Ph), 4.87 (1H, m, H-3'), 4.6-4.2 (3H, m, H-5', CHala) 4.2-4.00 (2H, m, H-4', NH,), 2.55-2.45 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.2-2.05 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.38 (3H, d, 3J=7 Hz, CH 3 ala). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 6 21.2, 21.1 (CH 3 ala), 40.6 (C-2'), 50.9 (_CHala), 67.1, 67.0 15 (C-5'), 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 71.3, 70.9 (C-3'), 86.3, 86.0, 85.3, 85.2 (C-1', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9, 111.8 (C-5), 121.3 ('o', OPh), 126.2-126.1 ('m', OPh), 129.1, 128.7, 128.6 (Bn, C 5a), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 P/h), 138.3 (C-6), 145.1 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 155.6 ('p'OPh), 162.2 (C-2), 173.8,173.7 (COOBn). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl (methoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 15).

C

22

H

24 BrF 3

N

3 0 9 , MW=642.31. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 34 Br 0

F

3 C NH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), phenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (518.8 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (246.3 mg, 3.0 mmol, 239 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 4 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with chlorofonm/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product 5 as a white foamy solid (211.1 mg, yield 54.7%). "P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 8 5.23, 5.07. 1H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 8 7.80 (IH, s, H-6), 7.70 (2H, d, 3 J=8.7 Hz, OPh), 7.47-7.42 (2H, m, OPh), 7.37 (1H, d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 6.82-6.78 (1H, d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.30 6.23 (1H, m, H-i'), 4.52-4.29 (3H, m, H-3'+H-5'), 4.17-4.13 (lH, m, H-4'), 4.05-3.91 10 (IH, m, CHCH 3 ), 3.67 (3H, s, OCH), 2.35-2.32 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 2.23-2.16 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.37-1.34 (3H, d, 'J=7.1 Hz, CHCHI). 13 C-NMR (MeOD, 75 MHz): 6 20.6, 20.7, 20.8, 20.9 (CHCH 3 ), 41.5, 41.7 (C-2'), 51.9, 52.0 (CCH 3 ), 68.2, 68.3 (C-5'), 72.4, 72.5 (C-3'), 87.1, 87.2, 87.4, 87.6 (C-1', C-4'), 109.7 (C-5b), 112.6 (C-5), 122.5, 122.7 ('o', OPh), 125.8 (CF 3 , J=269 Hz), 128.7 ('m', 15 OP/h), 128.8 ('p', J=33 Hz, OPh), 130.9 (C-5a), 140.3 (C-6), 151.4, 151.5 ('ipso', OP ), 155.1, 155.2 (C-4), 164.0 (C-2), 175.6, 175.9, (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl (ethoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 25).

C

23

H

2 6 BrF 3

N

3 0 9 P, MW=656.34 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 35 Br 0

F

3 C O -H H H Hi This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), phenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (539.5 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (246.3 mg, 3.0 mmol, 239 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 20 hrs. The crude product was purified 5 by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 95:5 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (172.6 mg, yield 43.8%). 3 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.65, 4.35. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.05 (1H, s, H-3), 7.69-7.64 (3H, m, H-6+OPh), 7.46 7.39 (3H, m, OPh+ H-5b), 6.76-6.68 (1H, 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.34-6.25 (IH, m, H-l'), 10 4.57-4.35 (4H, m, H-3'+H-5'+NH), 4.27-4.13 (4H, m, H-4'+OCHCH 3 +OH-3'), 4.12-3.98 (1H, m, CHCH 3 ), 2.53-2.47 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.21-2.12 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.43 1.40 (3H, d, J=7.0 Hz, CH CH 3 ), 1.28, 1.27 (3H, 2t, 3J=7.0 Hz, OCH 2 CH_) 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (C1 3

CH

2 0), 21.2, 21.3 (CHCH 3 ), 40.7 (C-2'), 50.8, 50.9 (CHCH 3 ), 62.4 (CH 3

CH

2 0), 66.3, 66.7 (C-5'), 70.7, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.3, 85.4, 85.8, 86.1 15 (C-1', C-4'), 110.5 (C-5b), 112.0 (C-5), 122.0 ('o', OPh), 124.2 (CF 3 , J=271 Hz), 127.7, 127.8, 128.7 ('m', 'p', OPh), 128.8 (C-5a), 138.0 (C6), 149.7 ('ipso', OPh), 153.2 (C-4), 161.9 (C-2), 174.0, 174.1 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-trifluorophenyl (benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 4).

C

2 8

H

28 BrF 3

N

3 0 9 P, MW=718.41.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 36 Br H F3C O- NH Bn 0- CH3OH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), para-trifluorophenyl-(benzyloxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (632 mg, 1.5 5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (6 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (308 mg, yield 71%). 3 1 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 5.31, 4.87. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.05 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.7, 7.25 (1IH. m, H-5b, H-6 10 OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.75-6.65 (1H, 2d, 'J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.35-6.2 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6Hz, H-l'), 5.15 (1H, 2s, CH Ph), 4.6-4.25 (4H, m, H-5', H-3', CHala) 4.2-4.00 (2H, m, H-4', NH,), 2.55 2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.2-2.05 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.38 (3H, d, 3 J=7 Hz, CH 3 ala). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 21.2, 21.1 (CH 3 ala), 40.7 (C-2'), 50.9, 50.8 (CHala), 67.1, 67.0 (C-5'), 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 71.2, 70.9 (C-3'), 86.1, 85.8, 85.5, 85.4 (C-l', C-4'), 110.2 (C 15 5b), 111.9, 111.8 (C-5), 121.1 ('o', OPh), 125.1 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 127.6 ('m', OPh), 129.1, 128.7, 128.6 (Bn, C-5a), 130.1 ('p',q , J=32Hz, OPh) 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph) 138.2 (C-6), 150.2, 150.1 (C-4), 153.6 ('ipso' OPh), 162.7 (C-2), 173.9, 173.6 (COOBn). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-14-chlorophenyl-(methoxy-L 25 alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 13).

C

21

H

24 BrCIN 3 0 9 P, MW=608.76.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 37 Br 0 C1 O--O HH -4 yH H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), 4 -chlorophenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (374.5 mg, 1.2 mmol), 5 NMI (246.3 mg, 3.0 mmol, 239 tL) in THF (8 mL) for 5 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with Chloroform/Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (139.0 mg, yield 3 8.0%). 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.81, 4.54. 'H-NMR (CDCI 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.11 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.68 (1H, s, H-6), 7.46-7.40 (1H, d, 10 'J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 7.35-7.20 (4H, m, OPh), 6.76-6.67 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.34 6.24 (IH, m, H-I'), 4.58-4.40 (5H, m, H-3'+H-5'+NH), 4.36-4.19 (1H, m, H-4'), 4.07 3.99 (1H, m, CHCH 3 ), 3.75 (3H, s, OCH 3 ), 2.49-2.48 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.17-2.15 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.42-1.39 (3H, d, 3J=7.0 Hz, CHCH 3 ). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 , 75 MHz): 5 21.2 (CHCH 3 ), 40.7, 40.8 (C-2'), 50.6, 50.8 (CHCH 3 ), 15 53.2, 53.3 (OCH 3 ), 66.4, 66.7 (C-5'), 70.8, 71.2 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.5, 85.8, 86.2 (C-I', C-4'), 110.5 (C-5b), 111.9, 112.0 (C-5), 122.0 ('o', OP/h), 128.9 (C-5a), 130.3 ('m', OPh), 131.1 ('p', OP_), 138.2 (C-6), 149.1, 149.2 ('ipso', OPh), 149.8 (C-4), 162.1, 162.2 (C-2), 174.5, 174.6 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[4-chlorophenyl-(ethoxy-L alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 11). 25 C 22

H

26 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=622.79.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 38 Br 0 CI HH 0 H 1H H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (300 mg, 0.90 mmol), 4 -chlorophenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (557.7 mg, 1.71 mmol), 5 NMI (221.7 mg, 2.7 mmol, 215 ptL) in THF (10 mL) for 16 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (168.4 mg, yield 30.0%). "P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.88, 4.65. 'H-NMR

(CDC

3 , 300 MHz): 8 9.51 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.69-7.68 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.49-7.43 (1H, 10 2d, 'J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 7.37-7.22 (4H, m, OPh), 6.79-6.71 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.33-6.24 (IH, m, H-l'), 4.62-4.34 (3H, m, H-3'+H-5'), 4.28-3.89 (5H, m, H 4'+OCHCH 3

+CHCH

3 +NH), 2.59-2.45 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.22-2.14 (1H, m, one of H 2'), 1.43-1.41 (3H, d, 3J=7.0 Hz, CHCH), 1.33-1.28 (3H, 2t, 3 J=7.2 Hz, OCH 2

CH

3 ) 1 3 C-NMR

(CDC

3 , 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (.CH 3

CH

2 O), 21.2, 21.3 (CHCH 3 ), 40.7 (C-2'), 50.7, 15 50.8 (CHCH 3 ), 62.4 (CH 3 CH20), 66.7 (C-5'), 70.8, 71.2 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.8, 86.1 (C-1', C 4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 112.0 (C-5), 122.0, 122.1 ('o', OPh), 128.9 (C-5a), 130.3 ('M', OP/h), 131.1 ('p', OP_), 138.2 (C-6), 149.2 ('ipso', OPh), 150.0 (C-4), 162.2 (C-2), 174.1, 174.2

(COOCH

2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[ 4 -chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L alaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 12). 25 C 22

H

26 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=622.79.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 39 Br 0 C\ H II 00 H H H H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (300 mg, 0.90 mmol), 4-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (698.7 mg, 1.80 mmol), 5 NMI (369.5 mg, 4.5 mmol, 358.7 tL) in THF (10 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 95:5 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (310.0 mg, yield 50.3%). "P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.81, 4.53. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.10 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.65-7.63 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.69-7.68 10 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.46, 7.41 (1H, 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 7.40-7.17 (9H, m, OPh), 6.75-6.66 (IH, 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.33-6.23 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6.0 Hz, H-l'), 5.17 (2H, s, CH Ph), 4.60-4.23 (4H, m, H-3'+H-5'±NH), 4.20-3.97 (2H, m, H-4'+ CHCH 3 ), 2.48-2.44 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.15-2.05 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 1.43-1.40 (3H, d, 'J=7.0 Hz, CHC). 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 21.2 (CHCH 3 ), 40.7 (C-2'), 50.8, 50.9 (_CHCH 3 ), 66.6 (C 15 5'), 67.9 (CH 2 Ph), 70.7, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.5, 85.8, 86.1 (C-I', C-4'), 110.5 (C-5b), 111.9, 112.0 (C-5), 122.0, ('o', OPh), 128.7, 129.0, 129.1, 130.3 ('m', OPh+C-5a), 131.1 ('ipso', CH 2 P_), 135.4 ('p', OPh), 138.2 (C-6), 149.1 ('ipso', OPh), 150.0 (C-4), 162.1 (C 2), 173.9, 174.0 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Iphenyl-(methoxy-a,a dimethylglycinyl)].-phosphate (CPF 26).

C

22

H

27 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW 588.34 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 40 Br 0 H NH O O This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), phenyl-(methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (437.5 mg, 1.5 5 mmol), NMI (246.3 mg, 3.0 mmol, 239.1 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 4 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with chloroform/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (117 mg, yield 33.1%). 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.36, 3.14 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 9.91 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.73,7.65 (IH, 2s, H-6), 7.50-7.43 (1H, 10 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 7.41-7.02 (5H, m, OPh), 6.81-6.71 (1H, 2d, 3 j=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.34-6.28 (1H, m, HI'), 4.55-4.17 (6H, m, H-5'+H-4'+H-3', NH, OH-3'), 3.78 (3H, s, CHO), 2.53-2.39 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.25-1.99 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.60 (6H, s,

[CHL

3

]

2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 27.5, 27.4, 27.2 ([CH 3 ] 2 C), 40.7, 40.6 (C-2'), 53.5 (CH 3 0), 15 57.6 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 66.5, 66.2 (C-5'), 70.7, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.6, 85.5, 85.9 (C-1', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 120.5, 120.6 ('o', OPh), 125.7 ('p', OP/h), 128.9 (C-5a), 130.3 ('m', OP/h), 138.0, 138.3 (C-6), 149.8 ('ipso', OPh) 150.9, 150.8 (C-4), 162.0, 162.1 (C-2), 176.4, 176.2 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Iphenyl-(ethoxy-ac, dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 27). 25 C 23

H

29 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=602.37 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 41 Br 0 H OO This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 mmol), phenyl-(ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (458.0 mg, 1.5 5 mmol), NMI (246.3 mg, 3.0 mmol, 239.1 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 5 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with chloroform/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (106 mg, yield 29.3%). 3 P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 8 3.91, 3.85 'H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 8 7.84, 7.81 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.44-7.20 (6H, m, OPh+H-5b), 10 6.88-6.81 (1H, 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.34-6.28 (1H, m, H-i'), 4.50-4.34 (3H, m, H-5'+H 3'), 4.23-4.15 (3H, m, H-4'+CH 3 CH20), 2.38-2.28 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.22-2.09 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.51 (6H, s, [CH 3

]

2 C), 1.29 (3H, t, 3J=7 Hz, CH3CH 2 O) 1 3 C-NMR (MeOD, 75 MHz): 5 14.9 (CH 3

CH

2 0) 27.9, 28.3 ([_CH 3

]

2 C), 41.5 (C-2'), 58.51

(C[CH

3

]

2 ), 63.1 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 68.2 (C-5'), 72.6 (C-3'), 87.1, 87.4 (C-1', C-4'), 109.6 .(C 15 5b), 112.7 (C-5b), 122.0, 122.1, 122.2, ('o', OPh), 126.7 ('p', OPh), 131.0, 131.2 (C-5a, 'Im' OPh), 140.4 (C-6), 151.4 ('ipso', OP/h) 152.5 (C-4), 164.0 (C-2), 177.2

(COOCH

2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-a,a dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 14).

C

28

H

3 ,BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=664.44. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 42 Br 0 H 0I N 0 -Pol NH HolH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (242 mg, 0.73 mmol), phenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (533.0 mg, 2.0 mmol), NMI (298.0 mg, 3.63 mmol, 289 piL) in THF (5 mL) for 4 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with chloroform/methanol 97:3 to give 5 the pure product as a white foamy solid (129.0 mg, yield 26.7%). 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.39, 3.12. 1H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 8 9.92 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.67-7.60 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.48-7.41 (1H, 2d, 'J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 7.40-7.16 (10H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.78-6.67 (1H, 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.31-6.25 (IH, m, H-I'), 5.18 (1H, s, CHffPh), 4.50-4.09 (6H, m, H-3'+H-5'+H-4', 10 NH, OH-3'), 2.48-2.25 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.16-1.82 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.60 (6H, s, [CH3] 2 C). "C-NMR (CDC] 3 , 75 MHz): 8 27.3, 27.4, 28.5 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 40.6, 40.7 (C-2'), 57.6, 57.6

(C[CH

3

]

2 ), 66.2, 66.5 (C-5'), 68.1 (CH 2 Ph), 70.6, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.5, 85.6, 85.8 (C-I', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 112.0 (C-5), 120.4, 120.5, 120.6, 125.7, 128.4, 128.5, 128.8, 128.9, 15 130.3 (OPh, C-5a), 135.7('ipso', CH 2 Ph) 138.1, 138.3 (C-6), 149.8, 150.8, 150.9 ('ipso' OPh, C-4), 162.1 (C-2), 177.5, 175.7 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[4-nitrophenyl-(methoxy-at,c dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 45).

C

22

H

26 BrN 4

O

11 P, MW=633.34.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 43 Br 0

O

2 N\ 0 O-P-O ,ONH H OH H 0 H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), 4-nitrophenyl-(methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (378.8 5 mg, 1.13 mmol), NMI (184.7 mg, 2.25 mmol, 179.4 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 3 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (145.7 mg, yield 50.9 %). 31 P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 8 3.61, 3.56. 10 'H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 8 8.30-8.25 (2H, 2d, 3 J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.79-7.78 (1H, 2s, H 6), 7.49-7.46 (2H, d, 3 J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.37-7.32 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 6.79-6.72 (11H, 2d, 'J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.32-6.25 (1H, m, H-l'), 4.48-4.35 (3H, m, H-3'+H-5'), 4.15 4.14(1H, m, H-4'), 3.71 (3H, s, CH 3 0), 2.41-2.17 (2H, m, H-2'), 1.51 (6H, s, [C1] 2 C). 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 , 75 MHz): 5 28.0, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 41.4, 41.5 (C-2'), 53.6 15 (CH3O), 58.7 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.5 (C-5'), 72.3, 72.4 (C-3'), 86.9, 87.0, 87.4, 87.5 (C-l', C-4'), 109.7 (C-5b), 112.6 (C-5), 122.8, 122.9 ('o', OP/h), 127.0 ('m', OPh), 130.9 (C-5a), 140.5 (C-6), 146.5 ('p', OPh), 151.5 ('ipso', OPh), 157.3 (C-4), 164.0 (C-2), 177.5 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-14-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-a,a dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 46). 25 C 23

H

28 BrN 4

O

11 P, MW=647.3.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 44 0 2 N Br 0 NH 02\ O -_O 11 II 0 0-P-a 7NH H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), 4-nitrophenyl-(ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (442.1 5 mg, 1.26 mmol), NMI (184.7 mg, 2.25 mmol, 179.4 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 4 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (152.9 mg, yield 52.5 %). 3 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 3.00, 2.96. 10 'H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.28 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.25.-8.12 (2H, 2d, 3 J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.68-7.67 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.46-7.32 (3H, m, OPh+H-5b), 6.69-6.67 (1 H, 2d, 3J=13.5 Hz, H 5a), 6.32-6.26 (IH, m, H-l'), 4.75-4.36 (5H, m, H-3'+H-5'+OH-3'+NH), 4.25-4.17 (3H, m, OCH2CH 3 , H-4'), 2.60-2.98 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 2.31-2.10 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 1.58 (6H, s, [CH 3

]

2 C), 1.30-1.28 (3H, 2t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2

CH

3 ). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 0), 27.1, 27.2, 27.3, 27.4 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 40.6 (C 2'), 57.7 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 62.7 (CH 3

CH

2 0), 67.0 (C-5'), 71.0, 71.2 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.9, 86.1 (C 1', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 121.2, 121.3 ('o', OPh), 126.2 ('m', OPh), 128.8 (C 5a), 138.4 (C-6), 145.0 ('p', OP/h), 150.0 (C-4), 155.7-155.9 ('ipso', OPh), 162.2 (C-2), 175.0-175.1 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[4-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-c dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 47).

C

28 H3oBrN 4 0 11 P, MW=709.44 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 45 0 2 N Br 0 0 O-P-O NH H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (100 mg, 0.30 mmol), 4 -nitrophenyl-(benzy-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (309.6 mg, 1.07 mmol), NMI (123.7 mg, 1.5 mmol, 120.1 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 5 hrs. The crude 5 product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (160.2 mg, yield 50.2 %). 3 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 2.95, 2.89. H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.16 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.26-8.24 (2H, 2d, 3 J=9.1 Hz, OPh), 7.71-7.69 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.48-7.37 (8H, m, OPh+CH 2 Ph, H-5b), 6.75-6.72 (1H, 2d, 10 3J=13.5 Hz, H-5a), 6.36-6.29 (1H, m, H-i'), 5.24 (2H, s, CH2Ph), 4.81-4.40 (5H, m, H 3'+H-5'+OH-3', NH), 4.22-4.21 (1H, m, H-4'), 2.57-2.36 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.27-2.22 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 1.64 (6H, s, [CH] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 6 27.4 ([C1 3

]

2 C), 40.6 (C-2'), 57.8 (_[CH 3

]

2 ), 67.0 (C-5'), 68.2 (CH;Ph), 71.1, 71.2 (C-3'), 85.3, 86.2 (C-l', C-4'), 110.5 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 121.2, 15 126.2, 128.5, 128.8, 129.0, 129.1 ('o', 'm', 'p', CH 2 Ph+OPh+C-5a), 135.5 ('ipso',

CH

2 Ph), (C-5a), 138.4 (C-6), 145.0 ('p', OPh), 150.0 (C-4), 155.7 ('ipso', OPh), 162.2 (C 2), 175.4-175.5 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[ 4 -chlorophenyl-(methoxy-c,a.

dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 42). C22H 2 6 BrCIN 3 0 9 P, MW=622.79. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 46 Br 0 CI II O O-P- O NH H H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), 4-chlorophenyl-(methy]-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (440.2 5 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (184.7 mg, 2.25 mmol, 179.4 piL) in THF (5 mL) for 6 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (146.7 mg, yield 56.5 %). 31 P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 6 3.98 (s). 10 'H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 6), 7.71-7.69 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.31-7.13 (5H, m, OPh+H-5b), 6.73-6.66 (1H, 2d, 3J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.23-6.16 (1H, m, H-l'), 4.39-4.22 (3H, m, H-3'+H 5'), 4.05-4.03 (1H, m, H-4'), 3.61 (3H, s, CH 3 0), 2.29-2.19 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.15 2.05 (iH, m, one of H-2'), 1.38 (6H, s, [CH] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 28.0, 28.2, 28.3, 28.4 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 41.5, 41.6 (C-2'), 53.5, 15 53.6 (CH 3 0), 58.6 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.2 (C-5'), 72.4, 72.5 (C-3'), 87.1, 87.2, 87.3, 87.4 (C-l', C-4'), 109.7 (C-5b), 112.7 (C-5), 123.7, 123.8 ('o', OPh), 130.9, 131.1 ('M', OPh+C-Sa), 131.9 ('p', OP/h), 140.4 (C-6), 151.1, 151.2, 151.4 ('ipso', OPh+C-4), 164.0 (C-2), 177.6, 177.7 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-14-chlorophenyl-(ethoxy-a,adimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 43).

C

2 3

H

28 BrCIN 3 0 9 P, MW=636.81. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 47 Br 0 CI / OO NH II 0 O-P-O NHH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), 4 -chlorophenyl-(ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (413.3 mg, 1.22 mmol), NMI (184.7 mg, 2.25 mmol, 179.3 tL) in THF (5 mL) for 16 hrs. The 5 crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (74 mg, yield 25.8 %). " P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.47, 3.33. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.03-9.99 (1H, 2bs, H-3), 7.70-7.67 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.47 10 7.43 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13.6 Hz, H-5b), 7.35-7.20 (4H, m, OPh), 6.77-6.68 (1H, 2d, 'J=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.33-6.27 (1H, m, H-l'), 4.55-4.29 (5H, m, H-3'+H-5'+ OH-3'+N_), 4.22-4.17 (2H, q, 3J=7.1 Hz, OCHCH 3 +H-4'), 2.53-2.42 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.22-2.08 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.57-1.54 (6H, 2s, [CH] 2 C), 1.31-1.30 (3H, 2t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2

CH

3 ). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 27.2, 27.3, 27.4 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 40.7 (C-2'), 15 57.6 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 62.6 (CH 3 CH20), 66.5, 66.6 (C-5'), 70.8, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.5, 85.74, 86.0 (C-l', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 112.0 (C-5), 121.9, 122.0, 122.1 ('o', OPh), 128.9, 130.2 ('m', OPh+ C-5a), 130.9 ('p', OPh), 138.3 (C-6), 149.4 ('ipso', OP/h), 149.9 (C-4), 162.1, 162.2 (C-2), 175.7-175.9 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[4-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 44).

C

28

H

30 BrCIN 3 0 9 P, MW=698.88. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 48 Br 0 0 O-P-0 O N H H 1111 OH H This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), 4 -chlorophenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate (505.0 mg, 1.25 mmol), NMI (184.7 mg, 2.25 mmol, 179.3 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 16 hrs. The 5 crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (134.8 mg, yield 42.9%). 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.44, 3.26. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 9.96-9.93 (1H, 2bs, H-3), 7.66-7.65 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.47 10 7.41 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13.5, H-5b), 7.39-7.18 (9H, m, OPh+CH 2 Ph) 6.74-6.69 (IH, 2d, 3 J=13.5 Hz, H-5a), 6.31-6.25 (IH, m, H-i'), 5.19 (2H, CH2Ph), 4.51-4.29 (4H, m, H-3'+H 5'+NHf), 4.15-4.12 (2H, m, H-4'+OH-3'), 2.48-2.40 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.18-2.05 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.60-1.59 (6H, 2s, [CHMg] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 27.1, 27.5 ([_H 3

]

2 C), 40.7 (C-2'), 57.7 (Q[CH 3

]

2 ), 66.4, 15 66.6 (C-5'), 68.2 (CH 2 Ph), 70.7, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.5, 85.7, 86.0 (C-1', C-4'), 110.5 (C 5b), 112.0 (C-5), 121.9, 122.0, 128.4, 128.5, 128.9, 129.1 ('o', 'm', 'p', CH 2 Ph+OPh+C 5a), 131.0 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 135.6 ('p', OP/), 138.1 (C-6), 149.3 ('ipso', OPh), 149.8 (C 4), 162.1 (C-2), 175.6 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl (benzoxy-ca,c-dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 48). C2 9 H3OBrF 3

N

3 0 9 P, MW=732.44. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 49 Br 0

F

3 C ONH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), 4 -(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate (529.4.5 mg, 1.22 mmol), NMI (184.7 mg, 2.25 mmol, 179.4 piL) in 5 THF (5 mL) for 4 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane/methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (142.1 mg, yield 43.1%). 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.16, 3.01. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.06-10.02 (1H, 2bs, H-3), 7.67-7.66 (1H, s, H-6), 7.64 10 7.60 (2H, 2d, 3j=8.8 Hz, OPh), 7.46-7.32 (8H, m, OPh+ CH 2 Ph +H-5b), 6.77-6.68 (1H, 2d, 3j=13.6 Hz, H-5a), 6.31-6.26 (1H, m, H-I'), 5.18 (2H, s, CH2Ph), 4.61-4.32 (4H, m, H 3'+H-5'+NH), 4.16-4.15 (2H, m, H-4'+OH-3'), 2.48-2.41 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.23-2.09 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 1.60-1.58 (6H, 2s, C[CH3] 2 ) 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 , 75 MHz): 6 27.0, 27.4, 27.5 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 40.6 (C-2'), 57.7, 57.8 15 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 66.8, 66.5 (C-5'), 68.2 (.H 2 Ph), 70.8, 71.1 (C-3'), 85.4, 85.7, 86.0 (C-l', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 120.8, 120.9, 121.0, 127.6, 127.7, 128.0, 128.5, 128.8, 129.0 ('o', 'm', 'p', OPh+ CH 2 Ph+ C-5a), 124.2 (CF 3 , J=267 Hz), 135.6 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 138.2 (C-6), 149.9 (C-4), 153.3 ('ipso', OPh), 162.1 (C-2), 175.4 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(methoxy-a,a cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 16).

C

24

H

29 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=614.38.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 50 Br H Me, OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (250 mg, 0.75 mmol), Phenyl-(methoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (589 mg, 1.87 mmol), 5 NMI (6.2 mmol, 415 ptL) in THF (7 mL) for 3 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (234 mg, yield 51 %). 3 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.87, 3.82. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 10.35-10.2 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.44-7.39 10 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13 Hz, H-5b), 7.37-7.15 (5H, m, Of), 6.8 (1H, 2d, 3 J=13 Hz, H-5a), 6.30 (IH, 2t, 3J=6 Hz, HI'), 4.4-4.2 (4H, m, H-5', H-3', NH), 4.1 (1H, H-4'), 3.72 (3H, 2s,

CH

3 0), 2.49-2.40 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.35-2.01 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.8-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 13C-NMR (DMSO; 75 MHz): 8 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.2, 38.6, 38.5 (2CH 2 15 cyclopent), 40.0 (C-2'), 53.2 (_H 3 0), 66.4 (Cgcyclopentane), 66.6 (C-5'), 70.9 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.6, 85.4, 85.3 (C-1', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 120.7-120.6 ('o', OPh), 125.7 ('p', OPh), 129.0 (C-5a), 130.2 ('m', OPh), 138.5 (C-6), 149.9 (C-4), 150.9, 150.8 ('ipso', OPh), 162.3(C-2), 176.3, 176.2 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(ethoxy-a,a 25 cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate(CPF 17).

C

25

H

31 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=628.41.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 51 Br H Et OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (250 mg, 0.75 5 mmol), Phenyl-(ethoxy-c,c-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (642 mg, 1.87 mmol), NMI (6.2 mmol, 415 pL) in THF (7 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 C1 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (258 mg, yield 55%). 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.23,4.1. 10 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.3-10.1 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.8-7.75 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.51 (IH, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.45-7.10 (5H, m, OPh), 6.8 (IH, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.22 (1H, 2t, 3J=4 Hz, H1'), 4.55-4.05 (7H, m, H-5', H-3', H-4', NH, CH 3 CH O), 2.50-2.40 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.35-1.95 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.75 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.25 (3H, 2t, 3J=7 Hz, CHCH 2 O). 15 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 24.5, 24,4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.2, 38.9 38.8, 38.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.6 (C-2'), 62.2, 62.1 (CH 3 C-1 2 0), 66.2 (Cgcyclopentane), 66.6 (C-5'), 70.8 (C-3'), 85.7, 85.5 (C-l', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.5 (C-5), 120.7, 120.6 ('o', OP/h), 125.6 ('p', OP/h), 129.7 (C-5a), 130.2 ('m', OPh), 138.5, 138.3 (C-6), 149.7 (C 4), 150.9, 150.8 ('ipso', OP/h), 162.3 (C-2), 176.3 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-c,a cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 18). 25 C 30

H

33 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=690.48.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 52 Br H OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.6 5 mmol), Phenyl-(benzyloxy-ax,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (589 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 10 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 C1 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (127 mg, yield 31%). 3P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.11, 4.01. 10 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.2 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.8-7.6 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45-7.4 (1H, 2d, 3 j=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.40-7.10 (10H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.85 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-Sa), 6.20 (IH, m, H-I'), 5.15 (IH, s, CH 2 Ph), 4.4-4.2 (3H, m, H-3',H-4', NH), 4.1 (2H, m, H 5'), 2.45-2.35 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.35-1.95 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.75 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 5 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.9, 39.7 38.6, 38.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5 (C-2'), 66.2 (C.cyclopentane), 66.5 (C-5'), 67.8 (_CH 2 Ph), 70.8, 70.7 (C-3'), 85.7, 85.6, 85.5, 85.4 (C-1', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.8, 118.7 (C-5b), 120.7, 120.5 ('o', OP), 125.7 ('p', OP/h), 130.2, 129.0, 128.8, 128.7, 128.5 ('m' OPh, Bn, C-5a), 135.8('ipso', CH 2 Ph) 138.4, 138.2 (C-6), 149.8 (C-4), 150.9, 150.8 ('ipso', OPh), 162.2 20 (C-2), 175.7, 175.5 (COOBn). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-nitrophenyl-(methoxy a,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosph ate (CPF 19). 25 C 2 4

H

28 BrN 4 0 11 P, MW=659.38.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 53 Br H 02 -k- - Meo 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(methoxy-ca.-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (543 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (239 mg, yield 60%). "P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.73. 10 'H-NMR (CDC] 3 ; 300 MHz): 5 10.5-10.2 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.35-8.25 (2H, 2d, 3 J=6 Hz OP/h) 7.8-7.75 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.47 (2H ,2d, 3 J=6 Hz , OPh), 7.45-7.35 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 6.75-6.67 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30 (1H, 2t, .J=6 Hz, H l'), 4.65-4.4 (3H, m, H-5',H 3'), 4.25-4.20 (IH, m, H-4'), 3.79 (3H, s, CH 3 0), 2.6-2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.3-1.98 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.9-1.76 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.2, 39.1 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5 (C-2'), 53.4, 53.3 (CH 3 0), 66.8 (Cq_cyclopentane), 67.1 (C-5'), 70.9 (C 3'), 86.1, 86.0, 85.5, 85.4 (C-l', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 121.3, 121.2 ('o', OP/h), 126.2 ('m', OPh), 128.9 (C-5a), 138.6 (C-6), 144.9 ('ipso', OPh) 149.9 (C-4), 155.9, 155.8 ('p', OPh), 162.3 (C-2), 176.3 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-aax cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 20).

C

2 sH 3 OBrN 3

O

11 P, MW=673.4. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 54 Br H 02 N--0 NH to y b OH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-a,c-cycloIeucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (563 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 p.L) in THF (5 mL) for 1 hr. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (240 mg, yield: 59%). 3 1 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 3.83, 3.79. 10 'H-NMR (CDCI, 300 MHz): 6 8.25-8.2 (2H, 2d, 3 J=9Hz OPh), 7.66 (1H, s, H-6), 7.4 (2H ,2d, J=9Hz, OPh), 7.3 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 6.85 (1H, 2d, 'J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.3-6.2 (IH, m, H1'), 4.7-4.45 (4H, m, H-5', H-3', NH), 4.2-4.05 (3H, m, H-4', CH 3 CH2O), 2.55 2.4 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 2.2-1.95 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.8 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.2 (3H, 2t, 3J=8 Hz, CH 3

CH

2 O). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 6 14.9 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 24.5, 24,4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.1, 39.0, 38.8 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.7 (C-2'), 62.4 (CH 3 C1 2 0), 66.5 (Cq_cyclopentane), 67.0 (C-5'), 70.9 (C-3'), 85.9, 85.4 (C-l', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 121.3 ('o', OPh), 126.2 ('m', OPh), 128.8 (C-5a), 138.5 (C-6), 144.9 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 155.5 ('p', OPh), 162.3 (C-2), 175.8, 175.7 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy at,c-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 21). 25 C 30

H

32 BrN 4

O

11 P, MW=735.47.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 55 Br H O2N-S--P- Bn 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(benzyloxy-c,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (656 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 3 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (269 mg, yield 61%). "P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 3.72. 10 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.3 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.22-8.12 (2H, 2d, 3 J=7 Hz, OPh), 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45-7.30 (8H, m, H-5b+OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.72-6.65 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H 5a), 6.28 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6Hz, H-I'), 5.15 (1H, d, CHgPh), 4.6-4.35 (4H, m, H-3', H-5', H-4', NI,), 2.55-2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.3-1.92 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.85-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.1, 38.9, 38.7 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5 (C-2'), 66.9 (Cqcyclopentane), 67.1 (C-5'), 68.0 (_CH 2 Ph), 70.9 (C-3'), 85.3, 85.0 (C-l', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 121.2 ('o', OPh), 126.1 ('m', OPh), 129.0, 128.8 (Bn, C-5a), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 138.5 (C-6), 144.9 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 155.8 ('p' OPh), 162.3 (C-2), 175.6 (COOBn). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-fluorophenyl-(methoxy a,a-cycloleucinyl)J-phosphate (CPF 22). 25 C 24

H

2 sBrFN 3 0 9 P, MW=632.37.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 56 Br H I 06 F I O-P_ MeO 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-fluorophenyl-(methoxy-c,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (503 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (251 mg, yield 66%). 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.22. 10 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 10.3 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.70 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.4 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.25-7.15 (2H, m, OPh), 7.1-6.95 (2H, m, OPh), 6.70 (1H, 2d, 3 j=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30-6.15 (1H, 2t, 3 J=5 Hz, HI'), 4.55-4.05 (5H, m, H-5'+H-3', NH, H-4'), 3.72 (3H, 2s,

CH

3 0), 2.55-2.35 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.25-1.92 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.85-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 1 3 C-NMR (DMSO; 75 MHz): 6 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.3, 39.2, 38.9, 38.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.6 (C-2'), 53.3, 53.2 (CH 3 0), 66.5 (Cqcyclopentane), 66.7 (C-5'), 70.9 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.7, 85.4 (C-1', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 116.9, 116.6 ('o', OP/h), 122,2, 122.0 ('m', OPh), 128.5 (C-5a), 138.5 (C-6), 146.7 ('ipso', OPh) 149.9 (C-4), 158.5 ('p', OPh), 162.3(C-2), 176.4, 176.3 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-fluorophenyl-(ethoxy a,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 23). 25 C 25

H

30 BrFN 3 0 9 P, MW=646.4.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 57 Br H OI F O-P Ety OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-fluorophenyl-(ethoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (524 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (274 mg, yield 71%). "P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 5.30. 10 'H-NMR (CDCI 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.35 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.7 (IH, 2xs, H-6), 7.44 (IH, 2d, 3 j=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.25-7.15 (2H, m, OPi), 7.1-6.95 (2H, m, OPh), 6.7 (IH, 2d, 3J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30 (1H, 2t, 3J=6 Hz, HI'), 4.55,4.3 (3H, m, H-5', H-3'), 4.2-4.1 (4H, m, NH, H 4', CH 3 CH20), 2.55-2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.22-1.90 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.8-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.3-1.2 (3H, 2t, 3J=7 Hz, CHCH 2 O). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 , 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 24.6, 24,4, 24.3 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.3, 39.2, 38.9, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.6 (C-2'), 62.2 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 66.5 (_Cg_cyclopentane), 66.7 (C-5'), 71.0 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.7, 85.5, 85.4 (C-l', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 116.9, 116.5 ('o', OPi), 122.2, 122.1 ('m', OPh), 129.0 (C-5a), 138.5 (C-6), 146.8,146.7 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 158.5 ('p', OPh), 162.3 (C-2), 175.9, 175.8 (_COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-fluorophenyl-(benzoxy ac,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 24). 25 C 3 oH32BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=708.47.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 58 Br H 0; F NH Bn a-irb OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (200 mg, 0.60 5 mmol), para-fluoropheny-(benzyloxy-c,c-cycloleuciny1)-phosphorochloridate (616 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.98 mmol, 332 tL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (283 mg, yield 67%). 3 1 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.27. 10 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.3-9.85 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45-7.35 (1H, 2d, J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.40-7.30 (5H. m, CH 2 Ph), 7.25-7.15 (2H, m, OPh), 7.05-6.95 (2H, m, OPh), 6.71 (1H, 2d, 3J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.27 (IH, 2t, 3 J=6Hz, H-I'), 5.15 (IH, s, CHPh), 4.45 (IH, m, H-3'), 4.40-4.30 (2H, m, H-5') 4.20-4.05 (2H, m, H-4', NH), 2.5-2.4 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 2.25-1.9 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.8-1.6 (4H, m, 4H 15 cyclopentane). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 24.5, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.7, 39.6, 39.3, 39.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5, 40.0 (C-2'), 66.6 (Cqcyclopentane), 67.2, 66.7 (C-5'), 67.9

(CH

2 Ph), 70.8, 70.7 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.7, 85.4, 85.3 (C-I', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 116.9, 116.6 ('o', OPh), 122.2, 122.1 ('m', OPh), 129.0, 128.9, 128.6, 128.5 (Bn, C-5a), 20 135.8('ipso', CH 2 Ph) 138.5 (C-6), 146.8, 146.7 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 158.5 ('p' OPh), 162.2 (C-2), 175.7, 175.0 (COOBn). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-chlorophenyl-(methoxy x,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 32). 25 C 24

H

2 sBrClN 3 0 9 P, MW=648.82.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 59 0 ___ Br HN 0 Me H 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-(methoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (475 mg, 5 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.5 mmol, 300 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (187 mg, yield 64%). 31 P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 8 4.64. 'H-NMR (MeOD; 300 MHz): 8 7.75 (11H, 2xs, H-6), 7.32 (11H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.32 10 7.27 (2H, m, OPh), 7.20-7.11 (2H, m, OPh), 6.72 (1 H, 2d, 3 j=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.27-6.20 (11H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, Hi'), 4.35 (111, m, H-3'), 4.30 (211, m, H-5') 4.1 (211, m, H-4'), 3.72 (3H, 2s,

CH

3 0), 2.32-2.20 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.20-1.92 (511, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.8-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 13C-NMR (MeOD; 75 MHz): 8 25.7, 25.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 41.7, 41.6, 41.4, 41.3 (2CH 2 15 cyclopent), 42.7 (C-2'), 54.1, 53.9 (C1 3 0), 67.8 (Cq_cyclopentane), 69.1, 69.0 (C-5'), 73.8 (C-3'), 88.4, 88.3, 88.2 (C-1', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 122.1, 121.9 ('o', OPh), 128.9 (C-5a), 130.6 ('m', OPh), 130.8 ('p ', OPh), 138.5 (C-6), 149.5, 149.4 ('ipso', OP ), 149.9 (C-4), 162.2(C-2), 175.6 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-chloropheny-(ethoxy 25 ac,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 33).

C

25

H

3 OBrClN 3 0 9 P, MW=662.85.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 60 0 __ Br HN I O 'N C O - Ey OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-(ethoxy-a,c-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (495 mg, 1.35 5 mmol), NMI (4.5 mmol, 300 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (240 mg, yield 66%). 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.15. H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.25-10.1 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.65 (IH, 2xs, H-6), 7.4-7.3 (1H, 10 2d, 3 j=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.25-7.20 (2H, m, OP/h), 7.20-7.10 (2H, m, OPh), 6.75 (IH, 2d, 3J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.20 (1H, m, Hi'), 4.35 (3H, m, H-3', H-5'), 4.2-4.0 (4H, m, H-4', NH,

CH

3 CH20), 2.45-2.25 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.25-1.85 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.75-1.55 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.2 (3H, 2t, 3J=7 Hz, CH 3

CH

2 0). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 24.5, 24,4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.3, 39.2, 15 38.8, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5 (C-2'), 62.3 (CH 3 CH20), 66.1 (_Cqcyclopentane), 66.7 (C-5'), 70.8 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.4 (C-1', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 122.1, 121.9 ('o', OPh), 129.0 (C-5a), 130.2 ('m', OPh), 130.8 ('p', OPh), 138.5 (C-6), 149.5, 149.4 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 162.3 (C-2), 175.9 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Ipara-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy 25 ac,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 34).

C

30

H

32 BrCIN 3 0 9 P, MW=724.92.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 61 0 ____ Br HN I C O - NH~ Bn 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-(benzyloxy-ca,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (578 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.5 mmol, 300 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (222 mg, yield 68%). 3 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.11, 4.05. 10 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 300 MHz): 8 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45-7.29 (10H, m, H-5b, 2H OPh+CH 2 Ph), 7.20-7.15 (2H, m, OPh), 6.75-6.67 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.28 (1 H, 2t, 3 J=6Hz, H-I'), 5.15 (1H, 2s, CL1 2 Ph), 4.5 (IH, m, H-3'), 4.35 (2H, m, H-5') 4.1 (H, m, H 4'), 4.00 (1 H, m, NH), 2.48-2.35 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.3-1.92 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.8-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 , 75 MHz): 8 24.5, 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.3, 38.8, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5 (C-2'), 66.7 (Cqcyclopentane), 67.9 (CH 2 Ph), 68.4 (C-5'), 70.7 (C 3'), 85.7 , 85.7, 85.4, 85.3 (C-1', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.8 (C-5), 122.0, 121.9 ('o', OP/h), 129.1, 128.3, 128.2 (Bn, 'm', OPh) , 130.2 (C-5a), 135.8 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 136.3 ('p' OPh), 138.2 (C-6), 149.5, 149.3 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 162.2 (C-2), 175.7, 175.5 20 (COOBn). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-trifluorophenyl (methoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 28). 25 C 2 sH 28 BrF 3

N

3 0 9 P, MW=682.38.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 62 0 Br 00 Il F3C

O--P-

MeybH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), para-trifluorophenyl-(methoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (521 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.5 mmol, 300 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (199 mg, yield 65%). 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 3.80. 10 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.70 (1H, 2s, H-6), 7.55 (1H, 2d, 3 j=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.45 7.32 (4H, m, OPh), 6.72 (IH, 2d, 'J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.28 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, HI'), 4.55 (1H, m, H-3'), 4.45 (2H, m, H-5'), 4.25 (1H, H-4'), 4.15 (1H, NH), 3.71 (3H, 2s, CH 3 0), 2.6 2.4 (IH, m, one of H-2'), 2.3-1.9 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.85-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 "C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 5 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.2, 39.1, 38.8, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5 (C-2'), 53.9 (CH 3 0), 66.3 (Cq_cyclopentane), 66.8 (C-5'), 70.9 (C 3'), 85.8, 85.4 (C-l', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 125.1 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 127.1, 127.0 ('o', OPh), 127.8 ('m', OPh), 128.9 (C-5a), 129.0 ('p', q, J=32Hz, OPh), 138.5 (C 6), 149.9 (C-4), 153.5 ('ipso', OPh), 162.2 (C-2), 176.3, 176.2 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-trifluorophenyl-(ethoxy ac,c-cycloleucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 29). 25 C 26

H

30 BrF 3

N

3 0 9 P, MW=696.40.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 63 0 Br NH E OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), para-trifluorophenyl-(ethoxy-a,ct-cycoleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (540 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.50 mmol, 300 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 C1 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (185 mg, yield 59%). 3 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 4.30. 10 'H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 8 10.35 (IH, bs, H-3), 7.70 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.40 (IH, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.28-7.14 (2H, m, OP/h), 7.05-6.95 (2H, m, OPh), 6.70 (1H, 2d, 'J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.3 (IH, m, H1'), 4.55-4.3 (3H, m, H-5', H-3'), 4.2-4.1 (3H, m, H-4',

CH

3 CH20), 2.5-2.35 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.20-1.9 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.85-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.25 (3H, 2t, 3J=7 Hz, CHLLCH 2 O). 15 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 0), 24.5, 24,4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.3, 39.2, 38.9, 38.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.6 (C-2'), 62.2 (CH 3

CH

2 0), 66.7 (_Cqcyclopentane), 67.4, 67.3 (C-5'), 70.9 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.7 (C-l', C-4'), 110.2 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 116.8, 116.5 ('o', OPh), 122.2, 122.1 ('m', OPh), 125.1 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 129.0 (C-5a), 131.1 ('p', q, J=32Hz, OPh), 138.5 (C-6), 146.8, 146.7 ('ipso', OPh), 149.9 (C-4), 162.3 (C-2), 20 175.9,175.8 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-trifluorophenyl (benzoxy-c,c-cycloleucinyl)j-phosphate (CPF 30). 25 C 31

H

32 BrF 3

N

3 0 9 P, MW=758.47.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 64 0 Br 003 1l F3C O--P- Bn E OH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), para-trifluorophenyl-(benzyloxy-a,ax-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (623 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.5 mmol, 300 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 C1 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (218 mg, yield 64%). 3 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.30. 10 'H-NMR (CDC 3 , 300 MHz): 6 10.35 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.55 (2H, m, 2H OPh), 7.45-7.25 (8H. m, 2H OPh+CH 2 Ph+ H-5b), 6.7 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.30 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6Hz, H-l'), 5.15 (IH, 2s, CH2Ph), 4.55-4.35 (3H, m, H-3'+ H-5'), 4.25 (lH, H-4'), 4.10 (1H, NH), 2.55-2.35 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.30-1.92 (5H, m, one of H-2'+4H cyclopentane), 1.8-1.6 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 , 75 MHz): 6 25.5, 24.4, 24,3, 24.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 39.2,39.1, 38.7, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 40.5, 40.0 (C-2'), 66.4 (Cqcyclopentane), 66.8 (C-5'), 68.0

(_H

2 Ph), 70.9 (C-3'), 86.0, 85.8, 85.4, 85.3 (C-l', C-4'), 110.3 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 121.8, 120.8 ('o, m', OPh), 125.2 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 128.5, 127.7, 127.5 (Bn, C-5a), 129,2 ('p',q J=32Hz, OPh), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 138.5 (C-6), 149.9 (C-4), 153.5 ('ipso' OPh), 20 162.2 (C-2), 175.6,175.5 (COOBn). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-Iphenyl-(methoxy-L phenylalaninyl)]-phosphate (CPF 36). 25 C 27

H

29 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=650.41.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 65 Br H NH Me NH OH This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), Phenyl-(methoxy-L-phenylalaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (477 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 190 tL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by colum chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (169 mg, yield 58%). 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): S 4.79, 4.71. 10 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 9.95 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.60-7.55 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.48-7.4 (1H, 2d, 3J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.3-7.1 (10H, m, CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 6.75-6.65 (1H, 2d, 3j=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.27-6.18 (1H, m, HI'), 4.57-4.29 (6H, m, H-5',H-3',H-4', NH, CHphenylala), 3.70 (3H, 2s, CH 3 0), 3.01 (2H, m, CH 2 Ph), 2.35-2.20 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.07-1.95 (1 H, m, one of H-2'). 15 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 36.3 (CH 2 phenylalanine), 41.9, 41.8 (C-2'), 53.0 (CH 3 0), 56.6, 56.1 (CHphenylala), 67.1 (C-5'), 71.3, 70.7 (C-3'), 85.7, 85.6, 85.5, 85.4 (C-1', C 4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 120.6,120.5 ('o', OPh), 127.8 ('p', OPh), 130.1, 129.9, 129.8, 129.1 (CH 2 Ph, C-5a,'m' OPh), 138.0, 137.9 (C-6), 149.8 (C-4), 150.7,150.6 ('ipso', OPh), 162.1, 162.0 (C-2), 173.5 (COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(methoxy-L-leucinyl)] phosphate (CPF 35).

C

24

H

3 ,BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=616.40. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 66 Br H NH Me 1 OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), Phenyl-(methoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (432 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 190 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (167 mg, yield 60%). 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 5.14, 4.60. 10 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 10.1 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.75 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.4-7.2 (5H, m, OPh), 6.85 (1H, 2d, 3j=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.27-6.18 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, Hi'), 4.5-4.2 (4H, m, H-5',H-3', NH), 4.1 (IH, m,H-4'), 3.95 (1H, m,

CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 3.70 (3H, 2s, CH 3 0), 2.40-2.20 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.05-1.95 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.8 (1H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.8-1.5 (2H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.0 15 0.9 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 23.2, 23.1, 22.0, 21.9 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 24.9, 24.7

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 40.6 (C-2'), 43.7, 43.6 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 53.0 (CH 3 0), 53.7, 53.6

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 66.6, 66.3 (C-5'), 71.1, 70.8 (C-3'), 86.0, 85.7, 85.6, 85.5 (C-1', C 4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 120.6, 120.5, 120.4 ('o', OPh), 125.8, 125.7 ('p', OPh), 20 128.9 (C-5a), 130.2 ('m' OPh), 138.1 (C-6), 149.9 (C-4), 150.8, 150.7 ('ipso', OPh), 162.2 (C-2), 175.1, 174.9 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)] phosphate (CPF 37).

C

30

H

35 BrN 3 0 9 P, MW=692.49. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 67 Br H NH Bn 1 OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), Phenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (534 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 190 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (199 mg, yield 64%). "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 5.18, 4.54. 10 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 9.95-9.85 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.55 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.38 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.3-7.1 (5H, m, CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 6.65 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.26-6.14 (1H, 2t, 'J=6 Hz, HI'), 5.1 (2H, 2s, CH 2 Ph) 4.4-3.8 (6H, m, H-5',H-3', NH, H-4',

CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 2.35-2.25 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.95-1.85 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.6 1.4 (3H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 0.8 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 23.2, 23.1, 22.0, 21.9 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 24.9, 24.7

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 40.7 (C-2'), 43.9, 43.8 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 53.9, 53.7

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 66.4, 66.2 (C-5'), 67.8 ,67.7 (CH 2 Ph), 71.1, 70.7 (C-3'), 85.9, 85.6, 85.4, 85.3 (C-l', C-4'), 110.4 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 120.6, 120.5 ('o', OPh), 125.8, 125.7 ('p', OP/h), 130.2, 129.1, 128.9 (C-5a, CH 2 Ph, 'm'OPh), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 138.1 (C 20 6), 149.8 (C-4), 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 162.1 (C-2), 175.7, 174.6 (COOBn). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-L leucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 38).

C

30

H

34 BrN 4

O

11 P, MW=737.49. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 68 Br H 02. 02 o-P-~ NH Bn OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (595 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 190 ptL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (176 mg, yield 53%). 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 5.72, 4.35. 10 1 H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 10.2 (1H, bs, H-3), 8.1(2H, m, 2H OPh), 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H 6), 7.45-7.2 (8H, m, H-5b, CH 2 Ph+ 2H OPh), 6.65 (1 H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.35-6.2 (1H, 2t, 'J=6 Hz, Hi'), 5.15 (2H, 2s, CH 2 Ph) 4.7-3.9 (6H, m, H-5',H-3', NH, H-4',

CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 2.55-2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.15-2.05 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.7-1.5 (3H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 0.95-0.8 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ). 15 1C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 23.2, 23.1, 22.0, 21.9 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 24.9, 24.8

(CHCH

2

CH(CH)

2 ), 40.6 (C-2'), 43.7, 43.6 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 53.9, 53.7

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 66.9 (C-5'), 67.9 (CH 2 Ph), 71.2, 70.8 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.3, 85.2 (C-I', C-4'), 110.6 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 121.3 ('o', OPh), 129.2, 129.1, 128.8, 126.2 (C-5a,

CH

2 Ph, 'm' OPh), 135.4, 135.3 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 138.2 (C-6), 145.2, 145.1 ('ipso', OPh), 20 149.9 (C-4), 155.5 ('p', OPfh), 162.1 (C-2), 174.2 (COOBn). Synthesis of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-[para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy L-leucinyl)]-phosphate (CPF 39).

C

30

H

34 BrCIN 3 0 9 P, MW=726.94. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 69 Br H c

-

0- P 0 NH Bn OH 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using BVdU (150 mg, 0.45 5 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate (581 mg, 1.35 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 190 pL) in THF (5 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 97:3 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (221 mg, yield 68%). 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 5 5.27, 4.76. 10 1H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 10.25-10.15 (1H, bs, H-3), 7.65 (1H, 2xs, H-6), 7.45 (1H, 2d, 'J=14 Hz, H-5b), 7.4-7.15 (9H, m, CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 6.7 (1H, 2d, 3 J=14 Hz, H-5a), 6.35 6.2 (1H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, HI'), 5.15 (2H, 2s, CH 2 Ph) 4.55-3.9 (6H, m, H-5', H-3', NH, H-4',

CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 2.5-2.4 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 2.15-2.0 (1H, m, one of H-2'), 1.7-1.45 (3H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 0.94-0.82 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ). 15 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 23.1, 23.0, 22.2, 22.0 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ), 24.9, 24.7

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 40.7 (C-2'), 43.9, 43.8 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 53.9, 53.7

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 66.7, 66.3 (C-5'), 67.8 (CH 2 Ph), 71.1, 70.7 (C-3'), 85.8, 85.7, 85.4 (C-l', C-4'), 110.5 (C-5b), 111.9 (C-5), 122.1, 122.0 ('o', OPh), 130.2, 129.1, 129.0 (C-5a,

CH

2 Ph, 'm' OPh), 131.1, 130.9 ('p', OP/h), 135.5, 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 138.2 (C-6), 20 149.2, 149.1 ('ipso', OPh), 149.2, 149.1 (C-4), 162.2 (C-2), 174.2, 174.2 (COOBn).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 70 Synthesis of Gemcitabine-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate.

C

25

H

27

F

2

N

4 0 8 P, MW=580.47 (CPF 31).

H

2 0. Bn Bn- OH F 0 5 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using gemcitabine (131 mg, 0.5 mmol), Phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (529 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 300 ptL) in THF/pyridine (4/2 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 95:5 to give the pure product as a 10 white foamy solid (46 mg, yield 16%). "P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 6 5.05, 4.94. 'H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 8 7.6-7.5 (1H, 2d, 3 J=7Hz H-6), 7.4-7.2 (10H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.25 (1H, m, H-1'), 5.95 (1H, 2d, 3 J=7Hz, H-5), 5.19 (1H, 2s, CHPh), 4.55-4.1(3H, m, H-3', H-4', CHala), 4.05 (211, m, H-5'), 1.20 (3H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, CH 3 ala). 15 "C-NMR (MeOD, 75 MHz): S 20.8, 20.7 (CH 3 ala), 52.2, 52.0 (CHala), 66.1 (C-5'), 68.4 (Ci 2 Ph), 71.9, 71.3 (C-3'), 80.6 (C-4'), 85.9 (C-I'), 97.1 (C-5), 121.8, 121.6 ('o', OP/h), 123 (C-2'), 126.2 ('p', OP/h), 131.8, 130.0, 129.7 ('m' OPh, Bn), 137.9('ipso', CH 2 P h), 142.7, 142.6 (C-6), 152.5, 152.4 ('ipso', OPh), 158.2 (C-2), 168.0 (C-4), 175.3, 174.9 (COOBn). 20 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 71 Synthesis of Gemcitabine-[para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate.

C

25

H

26

CIF

2

N

4 0 8 P, MW=614.92 (CPF 40).

H

2 N C O-PO Bna L OH F 0 5 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using gemcitabine (131 mg, 0.5 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate (582 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 300 piL) in THF/pyridine (4/2 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2 Cl 2 /Methanol 95:5 to give the pure 10 product as a white foamy solid (76 mg, yield 25%). "P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 6 5.08. 'H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 8 7.65 (1 H, 2d, 3 J=7Hz H-6), 7.5-7.2 (9H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.2 (1H, m, H-I'), 5.9 (1H, 2d, 3 J=7Hz, H-5), 5.12 (1H, 2s, CH Ph), 4.6-4.1 (3H, m, H-3', H-4', CHala), 4.05 (2H, m, H-5'), 1.45-1.35 (3H, 2t, 3 J=6 Hz, CH 3 ala). 15 "C-NMR (MeOD, 75 MHz): 8 20.9, 20.7 (CH 3 ala), 52.2, 52.0 (Clala), 66.4, 66.2 (C-5'), 68.5 (_CH 2 Ph), 71.5 (C-3'), 80.7 (C-4'), 86.4 (C-I'), 97.2 (C-5), 123.5 ('o', OPh), 126.9 (C-2'), 131.2, 130.6, 130.3 ('m'OPh, Bn), 131.9 ('p', OPh) 137.5 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 142.8, 142.7 (C-6), 151.4, 151.0 ('ipso', OPh), 158.2 (C-2), 166.9 (C-4), 175.1, 174.9 (COOBn). 20 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 72 Synthesis of Gemcitabine-[para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a-dimethylglycinyl)] phosphate (CPF 41).

C

26 H2 8

CIF

2

N

4 0 8 P, MW=628.95.

NH

2 N NH Bn Bn OH F 5 0 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 5, using gemcitabine (131 mg, 0.5 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a.-dimethylglycinyl)-phosphorochloridate (603 mg, 1.5 mmol), NMI (4.42 mmol, 300 pL) in THF/pyridine (4/3 mL) for 2 hrs. The crude 10 product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CH 2

CI

2 /Methanol 95:5 to give the pure product as a white foamy solid (163 mg, yield 52%). 31 P-NMR (MeOD, 121 MHz): 6 3.56, 3.52. 1 H-NMR (MeOD, 300 MHz): 8 7.55 (1H, 2d, 3 J=7Hz, H-6), 7.4-7.15 (9H. m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 6.25 (IH, m, H-I'), 5.85 (IH, 2d, 3 J=7Hz, H-5), 5.15 (1H, 2s, CHI 2 _Ph), 15 4.55-4.1(3H, m, H-3', H-4'), 4.05 (2H, m, H-5'), 1.50 (6H, m, 3 J=6 Hz, 2CH 3 dimethygly). 1 3 C-NMR (MeOD, 75 MHz): 8 28.2, 28.0 (CH 3 dimethygly), 58.6 (Cq dimethygly), 66.2, 66.1 (C-5'), 66.7 (CH 2 Ph), 71.5 (C-3'), 80.6 (C-4'), 86.4 (C-l'), 97.0 (C-5), 123.9, 123.6 ('o', OPh), 127.3 (C-2'), 130.0, 129.7 ('M' OPh, Bn), 131.8 ('p', OP/h), 137.6 ('ipso',

CH

2 P/h), 142.8, 142.7 (C-6), 151.2, 151.1 ('ipso', OPh), 158.1 (C-2), 167.9 (C-4), 176.8, 20 176.7 (COOBn).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 73 Synthesis of Phenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

10

HUCINO

4 P, MW=277.64. 5 MeO 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (2 g, 14.3 mmol), phenyldichlorophosphate (3.02 g, 2.14 ml, 14.3 mmol), 10 and TEA (2.9 g, 4.0 ml, 28.7 mmol) in DCM (60 mL), to yield 3.91 g (98%) of crude product used without further purification. "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.28, 8.97. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.39-7.34 (2H, m ,'o' OPh), 7.29-7.20 (2H, m 'm+p' OPh), 4.98 (IH, bs, NH), 4.27-4.09 (1H, m, CHala), 3.78 (3H, s, OCH ), 1.52-1.49 (3H, 15 2xd, 3 J=7Hz, CH_ 3 ala). 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 20.9 (CH 3 ala), 51.0 (_CHala), 53.6 ( OCH 3 ), 120.9 ('o' OPh), 126.4 ('p', OPh), 130.2 ('m', OPh), 150.1 ('ipso', OPh), 173.6( COOCH 3 ). 20 Synthesis of Phenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate. Cn 1

H

15 CIN0 4 P, MW=291.67. Etcy\ 0 25 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (770 mg, 5.01 mmol), phenyldichlorophosphate (1.12g, 5.01 nimol, 749 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 74 tL), and TEA (1.4 mL, 10.02 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 7:3) affording 1.02 (69%) of oil. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.49, 9.07. H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.39-7.34 (2H, m,'o' OPh), 7.29-7.20 (2H, m, 'm+p' 5 Oh), 4.95 (IH, bs, NH]), 4.3-4.1 (3H, m, OCHCH 3 , CHala), 1.50 (3H, 2xd, 3 J=7Hz, CHala), 1.30 ( 3H, t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2

CH

3 ). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH3CH 2 ), 20.9 (CH 3 ala), 51.0 (_Hala), 62.6

CH

3

CI

2 ), 120.9 ('o'OPh), 126.5 ('p', OPh), 130.1 ('m', OPh), 150.1 ('ipso', OPh), 175.1

(COOCH

2

CH

3 ). 10 Synthesis of Phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

16 H1 7 CN0 4 P, MW= 353.74. o-ci NH Bno) 0 15 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine benzyl ester hydrochloride (1.0 g, 4.64 mmol), phenyl-dichlorophosphate (980 mg, 0.69 ml, 4.64 mmol), and TEA (0.94 g, 1290 ptL, 9.27 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 6:4) affording 1.61 (98%) of oil. 20 "P-NMR (CDCI 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.41, 9.23. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.41-7.21 (10H, m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 5.24 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 4.95-4.88 (1 H, bs, NH), 4.36-4.15 (1H, m, CHala), 1.52-1.49 (3H, 2xd, 3 J=7Hz, CHsala). "C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 20.8 (CH 3 ala), 51.1 (CHala), 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 121.0 ('o' OPh), 126.4 ('p', OPh), 130.3, 129,0, 128.7 ('m'OPh, CH 2 Ph), 135.5 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 25 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 172.9 (COOCH 2 Ph). Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

10

H

1 2 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW=322.64.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 75 02 & -P,-CI NH Meo \ 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine methyl ester 5 hydrochloride (0.70 g, 5.01 mmol), p-nitrophenyldichlorophosphate (1.362 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.60 g (99%) of crude product used without further purification. 3P-NMR (CDC] 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.13, 9.03. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 8.1 (2H, 2d, 3 J=8Hz, OPh), 7.3 (2H, 2d, 3 J=8Hz, OPh), 5.0 10 (1H, bs, NH), 4.1 (1H, m, CHala), 3.75 (3H, s, OCH 1 3), 1.5-1.45 (3H, m, CH 3 ala). 13 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 20.8, 20.7 (CH 3 ala), 51.1, 50.9 (CHala), 53.2, 53.2 (OCH- 3 ), 121.8, 121.6 ('o' OPh), 126.5 ('m', OPh), 145.7 ('ipso', OPh), 154.7, 154.6 ('p', OPh), 173.4, 173.2 (COOCH 3 ). 15 Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate. Cn 1

H

14 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW=336.67. 02N- O-P-CI I~ NH EtO 0 20 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (770 mg, 5.01 mmol), p-nitrophenyldichlorophosphate (1.362g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 iL, 10.02 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.64 g (98%) of crude product used without further purification. 25 3 1 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 9.06, 8.81.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 76 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 8.1 (2H, m, OPh), 7.4 (2H, m, OPh), 4.9-4.7 (1H, bs, NH), 4.3-4.1 (3H, m, OCH2CH 3 , CHala), 1.55-1.45 (3H, 2xd, 3 J=7Hz, CH aa), 1.40 (3H, t, 3 J=7Hz, OCH 2 CH). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 21.1, 20.9 (CH 3 ala), 51.2, 51.0 (_CHala), 5 62.6_CH 3 Ci 2 ), 121.7, 121.3 ('o'OPh), 126.2, 126.0 ('m', OPh), 145.7 ('ipso', OPh), 154.5 ('p', OPh), 173.4, 173.3 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate. 10 C 1 6

HI

6 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW= 398.04. 02N-o--P-ci 0PI NH BnO 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine benzyl ester 15 hydrochloride (1.08 g, 5.01 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-dichloro phosphate (1.362 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 1.4 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.85 g (93%) of crude product used without further purification. 31P-NMR (CDCI 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.15, 9.06. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 8.15 (2H, m , OPh), 7.45 (2H ,m ,OPh), 7.35-7.25 (5H, m, 20 CH 2 Ph), 5.2 (2H, 2s, CH 2 Ph), 5.00 (1H, bs, NH), 4.2 (1H, m, CHala), 1.64 (3H, 2xd, 3 J=7Hz, CH 3 ala). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 20.8 (CI- 3 ala), 51.1 (CHala), 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 121.4 ('o' OPh), 126.1 ('m'OPh), 130.3, 129.0 (CH 2 Ph), 145.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 154.6 ('p', OPh), 172.9 ( COOCH 2 Ph). 25 Synthesis of p-fluorophenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphoroch loridate.

CIOH

12

CIFNO

4 P, MW=295.63.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 77 F O- -CI MeOY 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (0.70 g, 5.01 mmol), p-fluorophenyldichlorophosphate (1.210 g, 5.01 5 mmol), and TEA (1.4 ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 7:3) affording 1.11 g (75%) of oil. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.98, 9.96. IH-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.1 (2H, m, OPh), 6.95 (2H, m, OPh), 5.0 (1H, bs, NH), 4.25-4.1 (1H, m, CHala), 3.78 (3H, 2s, OCHg), 1.55 (3H, m, CHyala). 10 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 20.8 (CH 3 ala), 51.1, 50.9 (CHala), 53.3 (OCH 3 ), 117.1, 117.0 ('o' OPh), 122.6, 122.5 ('m', OPh), 146.0 ('ipso', OPh), 159.1, 159.0 ('p', OPh), 173.4, 173.2 (COOCH 3 ). 15 Synthesis of p-fluorophenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

11

H

1 4 CFN0 4 P, MW=309.66. F O-P -C1 0 -P1 EtO 0 20 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (770 mg, 5.01 mmol), p-fluorophenyldichlorophosphate (1.210g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 10.02 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 7:3) affording 1.07 (69%) of oil. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 10.04, 9.95.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 78 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.1 (2H, m, OP), 6.95 (2H , m, OPh), 5.0 (1H, bs, NH), 4.25-4.1 (3H, m, OCH 2

CH

3 , CHala), 1.55 (3H, m, CHala), 1.40 ( 3H, t, 3 J=7Hz,

OCH

2 CH~J). 13C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 21.1, 21.0 (_CH 3 ala), 51.2, 51.1 (CHala), 5 62.6_CH 3

CH

2 ), 117.3 ('o'OPh), 122.2, 122.0 ('m', OPh), 145.9, 145.8 ('ipso', OPh), 159.0 ('p', OPh), 173.6, 173.5 (_OOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of p-fluorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate. 10 C 16

H

16

CIFNO

4 P, MW= 371.73. 17 F - -- C NH BnO>)\ 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine benzyl ester 15 hydrochloride (1.08 g, 5.01 mmol), para-fluorophenyl-dichloro phosphate (1.210 mg, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4mL, 1.4 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 7:3) affording 1.599 (86%) of oil. " P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.15, 9.06. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.35-7.25 (5H, m, CH 2 Pfh), 7.1 (2H, m, OPh), 6.95 (2H ,m 20 , OPh), 5.2 (2H, 2s, CHPh), 5.00 (1H, bs, N_{), 4.25-4.1 (1H, m, CHala), 1.55 (3H, m, Cffiala). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 20.8 (CH 3 ala), 51.1, 51.0 (CHala), 68.1 (CH 2 Ph), 117.0, 116.9 ('o' OPh), 122.6 ('m'OPh), 130.3, 129.0 (CH 2 P/h), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 146.1, 146.0('ipso', OPh), 158.9 ('p', OPh), 173.1 (COOCH 2 Ph). 25 Synthesis of 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

1

H

12

CF

3

NO

4 P, MW=345.64.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 79 0 11 CI-P-O CF3 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.0 g, 7.16 mmol), 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-phosphodichloridate (1.998 g, 7.16 mmol), and TEA (1.449 g, 14.32 mmol, 1916 piL) in DCM (30 mL), to yield 2.202 g (89.0%) of crude product used without further purification. 5 "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 5 9.36, 9.22. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.66 (2H, d, 3 J=8.1 Hz, OPh), 7.44-7.33 (2H, m, OP), 5.10 (1H, bs, N_), 3.81-3.78 (3H, 2s, CH 3 O), 3.77-3.68 (1H, m, CH 3 CH), 1.56-1.52 (3H, m, CHCH3). 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 5 20.6, 20.7 (CH 3 CH), 50.9, 51.1 (CHCH 3 ), 53.2 (WH 3 0), 10 121.4 ('o', OPh), 124.1 (CF3, J=270 Hz), 128.0 ('m', OPh), 128.6 ('p', J=34 Hz), 152.4, 152.6 ('ipso', OP/h), 173.4, 173.5 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-(ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

12

H

14 C1F 3

NO

4 , MW=359.67. 15 0 CI-P0 CF3 .NO k NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (1.0 g, 6.50 mmol), 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-phosphodichloridate (1.813 20 g, 6.50 mmol), and TEA (1.316 g, 13.00 mmol, 1740 ptL) in DCM (30 mL), to yield 2.150 g (92.2%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.33, 9.28.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 80 H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.70 (2H, d, 3 J=8.2 Hz, OPh), 7.46-7.39 (2H, m, OPh), 4.78 (1H, bs, NH), 4.33-4.17 (3H, m, CH 3

CH

2 O+ CHCH 3 ), 1.59-1.55 (1H, m, CHCH), 1.56-1.52 (3H, m, CH 2 CH1). 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 20.8, 20.9 (CH 3 CH), 50.3, 50.9 5 (CHCH 3 ), 62.3, 62.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 121.4 ('o', OPh), 124.1 (CFS, J=270 Hz), 127.7 ('M', OP/h), 128.7 ('p', J=33 Hz), 152.4 ('ipso', OPh), 172.9 (_COOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of p-trifluorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate. 10 C 17

H

16

CF

3

NO

4 P, MW= 421.73. F3C OO-P-Cl NH BnOcK( 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine benzyl ester hydrochloride (1.08 g, 5.01 mmol), para-trifluorophenyl-dichloro phosphate (1.490 mg, 15 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 1.4 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 6:4) affording 1.80 (85%) of oil. 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.11, 8.84. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.65 (2H, m, OPh), 7.4-7.2 (7H, m, CH 2 Ph + 2H OPh), 5.25 (2H, 2s, CH 2 Ph), 4.75-4.55 (1 H, bs, NH), 4.25-4.1 (1 H, m, CHala), 1.60-1.55 (3H, 2d, 20 3 J=7Hz, CHala). 13C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 20.9 (CH 3 ala), 51.3, 51.0 (_Hala), 68.2, 68.1 (CH 2 Ph), 121.4, 120.9 ('o', OPh), 125.2 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 126.6 ('m', OPh), 129.1, 128.8, 127.8 (Bn), 130.0 ('p',q , J=32Hz, OPh), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 153.0 ('ipso', OPh), 172.8

(_OOCH

2 Ph). 25 Synthesis of 4-chlorophenyl-(methoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

1 oH 12 Cl 2

NO

4 P, MW=312.09.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 81 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.0 g, 7.16 mmol), 4 -chlorophenylphosphorodichloridate (1.757 g, 7.16 5 mmol), and TEA (1.449 g, 14.32 mmol, 1995 pL) in DCM (30 mL), to yield 1.621 g (72.5%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.36, 9.07. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.35-7.15 (4H, m, OPh), 4.48-4.36 (1H, bs, NH), 4.22-4.04 (IH, m, CHCH 3 ), 3.76-3.74 (3H, 2s, CH0), 1.49-1.46 (3H, m, CHCH3). 10 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 21.0 (CH 3 CH), 50.8, 51.1 (_CHCH 3 ), 53.4 (CH 3 0), 121.9, 122.1, 122.3, 122.4 ('o', OP ), 130.6, 130.4, 130.2 ('m', OPi), 132.0 ('p', OPh), 148.6 ('ipso', OPh), 173.5 (_OOCH 3 ). 15 Synthesis of 4-chlorophenyl-( ethoxy-L-alaninyl)-phosphorochloridate. Cn 1

H

14

C

2

NO

4 P, MW=326.11. 0 CI-P0O .,Ol NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (1.000 g, 6.50 mmol), 4 -chlorophenylphosphorodichloride (1.595 g, 6.50 20 mmol), and TEA (1.315 g, 13.00 mmol, 1810 pL) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 1.794 mg (yield 84.7%) of product. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.54, 9.25. H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.44-7.21 (4H, m, OPh), 4.59 (1 H, bs, NH_), 4.33-4.13 (3H, m, OC~HCH 3 + CCH 3 ), 1.57-1.56 (3H, m, CHCH), 1.43-1.21 (3H, m, OCH 2

CH).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 82 13 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.5, 14.6 (OCH 2

CH

3 ), 21.0, 21.5 (CH 3 CH), 50.9, 51.2

(_HCH

3 ), 62.4, 62.5 (OCH 2

CH

3 ), 122.04, 122.3, 122.4 ('o', OPh), 130.4 ('m', OP/i), 131.9 ('p', OPh), 148.5, 148.6 ('ipso', OPh), 173.0, 173.1 (._OOCH 2

CH

3 ). 5 Synthesis of 4 -nitrophenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate.

C

16

H

16

C

2

NO

4 P, MW=388.18. 0 CIP0 O CI ONH 10 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-alanine benzyl ester hydrochloride (1.000 g, 4.63 mmol), 4 -chlorophenylphosphodichloride (1.136 g, 4.63 mmol), and TEA (937.0 mg, 9.26 mmol, 1290 ptL) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1534 mg (yield 86.5%) of crude product used without further purification. 15 "P-NMR

(CDC

3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.43, 9.16. H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.42-7.08 (9H, m, OPh+ CH 2 Ph), 5.19 (2H, s, CHPh), 4.61-4.54 (1 H, bs, NRH, 4.26-4.10 (1H, m, CHCH 3 ), 1.42-1.38 (3H, in, CH 3 CH).

'

3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 20.9, 21.0 (CH 3 CH), 51.0, 51.2 (CHCH 3 ), 68.1, 68.2

(O-CH

2 Ph), 122.3, 122.4 ('o', OP/h), 128.8, 129.1, 130.4 ('o', 'm', 'p', CH 2 Ph+OPh), 131.9 20 ('"pso', CH 2 PL), 135.3 ('p', OP/i), 148.5 ('ipso', OP/h), 172.7, 172.8 (COOCH 2 Ph). Synthesis of phenyl-(methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphoro chlorid ate.

C

1 1

H

15 CIN0 4 P, MW=291.67. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 83 0 OCI- -O O NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2 -aminoisobutyrate methyl ester hydrochloride (583.5 mg, 3.75 mmol), phenyl dichlorophosphate (791.1 mg, 3.75, 560 tL), and TEA (758.9 mg, 7.5 mmol, 1045 pL) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 1.041 g 5 (95.2%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 6.99 (s). IH-NMR

(CDC

3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.41-7.17 (5H, m, OPh), 4.98 (1H, bs, NH), 3.80 (3H, s,

OCH

3 ), 1.71-1.69 (6H, 2s, [CffH] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR

(CDC]

3 ; 75 MHz): 6 27.3, 27.2, 27.0 ([_CH 3

]

2 C), 53.6 (OCH 3 ), 58.8 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 10 120.0, 121.1 ('o'OPh), 126.2 ('p', OPh), 130.3 ('m', OPh) 145.7 ('p', OPh), 150.2, 150.3 ('ipso', OPh), 175.6, 175.7 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of phenyl-(ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate. 15 C 12

H

17 CN0 4 P, MW=305.69. 0 NO) NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2 -aminoisobutyrate ethyl ester hydrochloride (628.6 mg, 3.75 mmol), phenyl dichlorophosphate (791.1 mg, 3.75, 20 560 pL), and TEA (758.9 mg, 7.5 mmol, 1045 tL) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 1.018 g (88.8%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 7.02 (s) 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.23-7.37 (5H, m, OPh), 4.98 (1H, bs, NH), 4.24 (2H, q, 1J=7.1 Hz, OCHCH 3 ), 1.70, 1.68 (6H, 2s, [CH-31 2 C), 1.30 ( 3H, t, 3 _=7.1 Hz, OCH 2

CHL).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 84 "C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (CH 3

CH

2 O), 27.3, 26.9 ([_CH 3

]

2 C), 58.7 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 62.7 (OCH 2

CH

3 ), 121.1, 121.0 ('o', OPh), 127.6 ('p', OPh), 130.7 ('m', OPh), 150.4 ('ipso', OPh), 175.2, 175.1 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 5 Synthesis of phenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate.

C

17

H

19

CNO

4 P, MW= 367.76. 0 OCI -O ONH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate benzyl 10 ester hydrochloride (861.4 mg, 3.75 mmol), phenyl dichlorophosphate (791.1 mg, 3.75, 560 pL), and TEA (758.9 mg, 7.5 mmol, 1045 ptL) in DCM (30 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 6:4) affording 580 mg (42.2%) of oil. 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 6.79 (s) 15 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.45-7.27 (10H, m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 5.28 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 4.81, 4.78 (1H, 2bs, NI), 1.78, 1.75 (6H, 2s, [CH 3 ]C). 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 27.3, 26.9 ([_CH 3 ]C), 53.9 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 60.9 (CH 2 Ph), 121.0, 126.3, 128.6, 129.0, 129.1, 130.3, 135.5 (OPh, CH 2 Ph), 135.5 ('ipso' CH 2 Ph), 150.3, 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 175.0, 175.2 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of 4-nitrophenyl-(methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate.

C

1 nH 14 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW=336.67. 25 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 85 0 II OCI -O 0jN 2 NONH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate methyl ester hydrochloride (290.0mg, 1.89 mmol), 4-nitrophenylphosphodichloride (483.3 mg, 1.89 mmol), and TEA (382.5 mg, 3.78 mmol, 526.9 pL) in DCM (15 mL), to yield 486 mg 5 (yield 76.4%) of crude product used without further purification. "P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 6.61 (s) IH-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 8.25 (2H, d , 3 J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.43 (2H, d, 3J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 4.91-4.87 (1H, 2bs, NH), 3.79 (3H, s, OCH), 1.69-1.66 (6H, 2s, [CHL] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC] 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 27.0, 27.1, 27.3 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 53.8 (0CH 3 ), 59.2 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 10 121.7, 121.8 ('o' OPh), 126.2 ('m', OPh), 145.7 ('p', OPi), 154.8, 154.7 ('ipso', OPh), 175.4, 175.6 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of 4-nitrophenyl-(ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate)-phosphorochloridate. 15 C 1 2 H1 6

CN

2 0 6 P, MW=350.69. 0 Cl-O - ,-N0 2 01 ~O) NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate ethyl 20 ester hydrochloride (270.0 mg, 1.61 mmol), 4-nitrophenylphodichloride (412.3 mg, 1.61 mmol), and TEA (325.8 mg, 3.22 mmol, 448.8 ptL) in DCM (15 mL), to yield 500 mg (yield 88.5%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 6.64 (s) WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 86 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 8.35 (2H, d, 'J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.53 (2H, d, 3 J=9.0 Hz, OP/h), 4.99-4.96 (IH, 2bs, NH), 4.34 (2H, q, 3J=7.1 Hz, OCfHfCH 3 ), 1.79-1.76 (6H, 2s, [CHff] 2 C), 1.40 (3H, t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2 CH). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.5 (OCH 2

CH

3 ), 27.0, 27.3 ([_H 3

]

2 C), 59.1, 59.2 5 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 62.9, 63.0 ( OCH 2

CH

3 ), 121.7, 121.8 ('o' OPh), 126.2 ('m', OP/h), 145.7 ('p', OPh), 154.7, 154.8 ('ipso', OPh), 175.4, 175.6 ( COOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of 4-nitrophenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) 10 phosphorochloridate.

C

17

HI

8 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW=412.76. 0 Cl-P -N02 O)K NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate benzyl 15 ester hydrochloride (578 mg, 2.52 mmol), 4-nitrophenylphosphodichloride (645 mg, 2.52 mmol), and TEA (510 mg, 5.04 mmol, 702.5 pL) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 936 mg (yield 90.0%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 6.56 (s) 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 8.29 (2H, d, 3J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.47 (2H, d , 3 J=9.0 Hz, 20 OPh), 7.40-7.37 (5H, m, CH 2 Ph), 5.27 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 5.04-5.01 (1H, 2bs, NH), 1.77-1.74 (6H, 2s, [CH] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 27.0, 27.3, ([CH 3

]

2 C), 59.2 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.5 (OCH 2 Ph), 121.6, 121.7, 126.2, 128.6, 129.1, ('o', 'm', 'p', CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 145.7 ('p', OP/h), 154.7, 154.8 ('ipso', OPh), 175.8, 175.9 (COOCH 2 Ph). 25 Synthesis of 4-chlorophenyl-(methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate. CnH 1 14

C

2

NO

4 P, MW=326.11 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 87 0 CI-P-O 01 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate methyl 5 ester hydrochloride (280.0 mg, 1.82 mmol), 4-chlorophenylphosphodichloride (447.4 mg, 1.82 mmol), and TEA (368.3 mg, 3.64 mmol, 507.3 p.L) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 554 mg (yield 91.1 %) of crude product used without further purification. 3 1 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 7.05 (s) IH-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 5 7.38 (2H, d, 3J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.28-7.24 (2H, 2d, 3 J=9.0 10 Hz, OPh), 4.87-4.83 (1H, 2bs, NH), 3.84 (3H, s, OCH 3 ), 1.73-1.71 (6H, 2s, [CH ] 2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 27.0, 27.3, ([CH 3

]

2 C), 53.7 ( OCH3), 58.9 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 122.5 ('o', OPh), 129.7 ('m', OPh), 131.8 ('p', OP/h) 148.7, 148.9 ('ipso', OPh), 175.5, 175.7

(COOCH

3 ). 15 Synthesis of 4-chlorophenyl-(ethyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate.

C

2

H

6

C

2

NO

4 P, MW=340.14. 20 0 CI-PO C 01 . NO AA NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate ethyl ester hydrochloride (293.4 mg, 1.75 mmol), 4-chlorophenylphosphodichloride (430.0 mg, WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 88 1.75 mmol), and TEA (354.2 mg, 3.50 mmol, 488.0 ptL) in DCM (15 mL), to yield 571.7 mg (yield 96.1%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 7.09 (s) 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.38 (2H, d, 3 J=9.1 Hz, OPh), 7.26 (2H, d, 3 J=9.1 Hz, 5 OP/h), 4.88-4.84 (IH, 2bs, NH), 4.29 (2H, q, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH CH 3 ), 1.74-1.70 (6H, 2s,

[CH

3 ]C), 1.35 (3H, t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2 CHg). "C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.5 (OCH 2

CH

3 ), 27.0, 27.3 ([C1 3

]

2 C), 58.9 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 62.8 ( OCH 2

CH

3 ), 122.5 ('o', OPh), 130.4 ('m', OP), 131.8 ('p', OPh), 148.7, 148.8 ('ipso', OPh), 175.1, 175.3 ( COOCH 2

CH

3 ). 10 Synthesis of 4-chlorophenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate.

C

1 7

H

18

C

2

NO

4 P, MW=402.21. 15 0 cl- O~ NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate benzyl 20 ester hydrochloride (402.0 mg, 1.75 mmol), 4-chlorophenylphosphodichloride (430 mg, 1.75 mmol), and TEA (354.2 mg, 3.50 mmol, 488.0 pL) in DCM (15 mL), to yield 657.9 mg (yield 93.5%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 7.00 (s) 'H-NMR (CDC] 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.39-7.12 (9H, m, CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 5.18 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 25 4.75-4.72 (1H, 2bs, NH), 1.68-1.65 (6H, 2s, [CH 3

]

2 C). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 27.0, 27.3, ([CH 3

]

2 C), 59.0 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.4 ( OCH 2 Ph), 122.5, 128.6, 129.1, 130.7 ('o', 'm', 'p', CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 131.8 ('p', CH 2 Ph), 135.4 ('p', OP/h), 148.6, 148.7 ('ipso', OP/), 174.9, 175.1 (COOCH 2 Ph).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 89 Synthesis of 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-(benzyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate. 5 C 18 Hi 8

CF

3

NO

4 P, MW=435.76. 0 CI-P-O-9-CF 3 OA>NH This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate benzyl 10 ester hydrochloride (341.0 mg, 1.49 nmol), 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl phosphodichloridate (414.3 mg, 1.49 mmol), and TEA (300.5 mg, 2.97 mmol, 413.9 PL) in DCM (15 mL), to yield 623.9 mg (96.4%) of crude product used without further purification. "P-NMR (CDCI 3 , 121 MHz): 6 6.74 (s) 15 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.66 (2H, d, 'J=8.8 Hz, OP), 7.42-7.30 (7H, m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 5.25 (2H, s, CH 2 Ph), 4.95-4.91 (1H, 2bs, NH), 1.75-1.72 (6H, 2s, [CH_ 3

]

2 C). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 26.9, 27.0, 27.3 ([CH 3

]

2 C), 59.1 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 68.4 (CH 2 Ph), 121.1, 121.4, 127.7, 128.4, 128.5, 128.6, 128.9 ('o', 'm', 'p', OPh+CH 2 Ph), 124.2 (CF 3 , J=265 Hz), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 152.6, 152.7 ('ipso', OPh), 174.9, 175.0 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of Phenyl-(methoxy-a,ax-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

13

H

17

CINO

4 P, MW= 317.70. o-P-ci NH MeO 0 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 90 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using methyl-1-amino-I cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.885 g, 5.01 mmol), phenyldichlorophosphate (1.12 g, 0.749 ml, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.266 g 5 (81 %) of crude product used without further purification. "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 7.90. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.4-7.2 (5H, m ,OPh), 4.3 (1H, bs, NH), 3.75 (3H, 2s, OCH3s), 2.15 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.9-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane).. 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 10 53.3, 53.2 (_CH30), 66.6 (Cq_cyclopentane), 121.1, 121.0 ('o' OPh), 126.3 ('p', OPh), 130.3, 130.2 ('m', OPh), 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 174.8 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of Phenyl-(ethoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

14

H

19 CIN0 4 P, MW=331.73. 15 EtOyr 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using ethyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (955 mg, 5.01 mmol), phenyldichlorophosphate (1.12g, 20 5.01 mmol, 749 pL), and TEA (1.4 mL, 10.02 mmol) in DCM (40 mL). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 7:3) affording 1.457 g (89%) of oil. 3 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 8.04, 7.97. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.4-7.1 (5H, m, OPh), 4.7 (1H, bs, NH), 4.2 (2H, 2q, 25 3J=7.1 Hz, OCH 3 ), 2.15 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.9-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.30 (3H, t, 'J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2 CH;). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.5 LCH 3

CH

2 ), 24.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.6, 38.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 62.0_CH 3 C1 2 ), 68.3 (Cqcyclopentane), 120.9 ('o' OPh), 126.3 ('p', OPh), 130.3 ('m', OPh), 150.3-150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 174.9-174.8

(COOCH

2

CH

3

).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 91 Synthesis of Phenyl-(benzoxy-a,ca-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

19

H

21 ClN0 4 P, MW=393.80. o-P-Cl NH BnOyO 5 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using benzyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.984 g, 3.84 mmol), phenyl-dichlorophosphate (0.577 ml, 3.84 mmol), and TEA (1.08 mL, 7.69 mmol) in DCM (30 mL), to yield 1.485 g (98%) 10 of crude product used without further purification. 3 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 7.85. IH-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.3-7.0 (10H, m, OPh+CH 2 P/h), 5.2 (2H, s, _CHPh), 4.95 4.65 (1H, bs, NH), 2.25-2.1 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.9-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 24.4, 24,3 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.5 (2CH 2 15 cyclopent), 67.3 (Cqcyclopentane), 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 121.0 ('o' OPh), 126.4 ('p', OPh), 130.1, 129.0, 128.8 ('m'OPh, CH 2 Ph), 135.4 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 150.1 ('ipso', OPh), 173.4 (

COOCH

2 Ph). Synthesis of p-fluorophenyl-(methoxy-a,ca-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate. 20 C 1 3

H

6 CN0 4 P, MW=335.70. Fx" - -I NH MeO 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using methyl-1-amino-1 25 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.885 g, 5.01 mmol), para- WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 92 fluorophenyldichlorophosphate (1.21 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.65 g (99%) of crude product used without further purification. "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 8.61. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.3-7.2 (2H, m ,OPh), 7.1-7.0 (2H, m ,OPh), 4.7 (1H, bs, 5 NH), 3.78 (3H, 2s, OCH3), 2.25-2.15 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 2.0-1.8 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane).. 13 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.7, 38.6, 38.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 53.3 (CH 3 0), 66.3-66.2 (Cgcyclopentane), 117.1-116.8 ('o' OPh), 122.6-122.5 ('m', OPh), 146.1-145.9 ('ipso', OPh), 159.0 ('p', OPh), 175.3-175.2 (COOCH 3 ). 10 Synthesis of p-fluorophenyl-(ethoxy-a,c-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

14

H

18

CIFNO

4 P, MW=349.72. F O-P-Cl NH EtO~r 0 15 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using ethyl-I-amino-I cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (955 mg, 5.01 mmol), para fluorophenyldichlorophosphate (1.21g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 10.02 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.64 g (94%) of crude product used without further purification. 20 "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 8.70. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.3-7.2 (2H, m, OPh), 7.1-7.0 (2H, m, OPh), 4.8 (1H, bs, N_), 4.2 (2H, 2q, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH2CH 3 ), 2.25-2.1 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 2.0-1.8 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.4 ( 3H, t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2 CH). 3 C-NMR (CDCI 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.4 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.6, 25 38.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 62.3CH 3

CH

2 ), 68.3 (Tqcyclopentane), 117.4, 117.0 ('o' OPh), 122.7, 122.6 ('m', OPh), 146.1, 146.0 ('ipso', OPh), 159.0 ('p', OPh), 174.9

(COOCH

2

CH

3

).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 93 Synthesis of p-fluorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

19

H

20

CIFNO

4 P, MW= 411.79. F O0-P- Cl F-0 1-C NH Bno 0 5 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using benzyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (1.281 g, 5.01 mmol), para-fluorophenyl dichlorophosphate (1.21 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.85 g (90%) of crude product used without further purification. 10 "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 7.85. 1 H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.65-7.4 (5H, m, CH2Ph), 7.3-7.2 (2H, m, OPh), 7.1-7.0 (2H, m , OPh), 5.2 (2H, s, _CIPh), 4.6 (1H, bs, NH), 2.2-2.1 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 2.0-1.8 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.5 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.9, 38.8, 38.6, 38.5 (2CH 2 15 cyclopent), 68.1 (Cqcyclopentane), 68.4 (CH 2 Ph), 117.0, 116.8 ('o' OPh), 122.6, 122.5 ('m'OPh) 129.1, 129.0, 128.8, 128.7 (CH 2 Ph), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 146.1, 145.9 ('ipso', OPh), 159.0 ('p', OPh), 174.6 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(methoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

13

HI

6 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW=362.70. 02 0--P-C1 *-0-PCI NH MeOY 0 25 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using methyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.885 g, 5.01 mmol), para- WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 94 nitrophenyldichlorophosphate (1.632 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.601 g (90%) of crude product used without further purification. 3 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 8.02. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 8.2 (2H, 2d, 3 J=8 Hz, OPh), 7.32 (2H, 2d, .J=8 Hz OPh), 5 4.9 (1H, bs, NH), 3.71 (3H, s, OCH1), 2.25-2.00 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane).. 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.3 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.7, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 53.3

(CH

3 0), 68.6 (Cgcyclopentane), 121.8, 121.7 ('o' OPh), 126.0 ('m', OPh), 145.6 ('ipso', OPh), 154.8, 154.7 ('p', OPh), 175.1-175.0 (_OOCH 3 ). 10 Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(ethoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

14

HI

8 C1N 2 0 6 P, MW=376.73. 02No--c EtOy5 0 15 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using ethyl-I-amino-I cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (955 mg, 5.01 mmol), para nitrophenyldichlorophosphate (1.362 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 10.02 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.669 g (90%) of crude product used without further purification. 20 "P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 7.95. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 8.1 (2H, 2d, 3 j=8 Hz, OPh), 7.28 (2H, 2d, 'J=8 Hz OPh), 4.8 (1H, bs, NH), 4.2 (2H, 2q, 3J=7.1 Hz, OCH 3 ), 2.2-2.0 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.27 (3H, t, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH 2 CH). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.4 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7 (2CH 2 25 cyclopent), 62.4_CH 3

CH

2 ), 68.5 (_Cqcyclopentane), 121.8, 121.1 ('o' OPh), 126.1, 125.9 ('m', OPh), 145.6 ('ipso', OPh), 154.8 ('p', OPh), 174.9 (COOCH 2

CH

3

).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 95 Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

1 9

H

20

CN

2 0 6 P, MW= 438.80. 02 0-P-ct NH Bnyk 0 5 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using benzyl-1-amino-I cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.835 g, 3.25 mmol), para-nitrophenyl dichlorophosphate (0.85 g, 3.25 mmol), and TEA (0.91 mL, 6.7 mmol) in DCM (30 mL), to yield 1.215 g (85%) of crude product used without further purification. 10 3 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 7.99, 7.90. 'H-NMR (CDCl; 300 MHz): 6 8.1 (2H, 2d, .J=8 Hz, OPh), 7.4-7.2 (7H, m, OPh+

CH

2 Ph), 5.18 (2H, s, _CHPh), 5.0 (1H, bs, NIH), 2.2-2.0 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95 1.75 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.6, 38.5 (2CH 2 15 cyclopent), 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 68.6 (Cq-cyclopentane), 121.8, 121.7 ('o' OPh), 126.1, 125.9 ('m'OPh) 129.1, 129.0, 128.8, 128.6 (CH 2 Ph), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 145.6 ('ipso', OPh), 154.8, 154.7 ('p', OPh), 174.5, 174.4 (COOCH 2 Ph). 20 Synthesis of p-chlorophenyl-(methoxy-c,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

13

H

6 Cl 2

NO

4 P, MW=352.15. C\ 0-P-Cl NH MeQyV, 0 25 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using methyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.443 g, 2.5 mmol), para- WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 96 chlorophenyldichlorophosphate (0.613 g, 2.5 mmol), and TEA (0.7 ml, 5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 0.852 g (98%) of crude product used without further purification. 3 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.55, 9.5. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 5 7.35-7.15 (4H, m, OPh), 4.95 (IH, bs, NH), 3.78 (3H, s, 5 OCEH 3 ), 2.2-2.00 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 1 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 5 24.3 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.7 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 53.3 (CH30), 68.6 (Cq_cyclopentane), 122.0 ('o' OPh), 130.1 ('m', OPh), 133.2 ('p', OPh), 149.9 ('ipso', OPh), 175.1-175.0 (__OOCH 3 ). 10 Synthesis of p-chlorophenyl-(ethoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

14

H

18 Cl 2

NO

4 P, MW=366.18. Ch-(§ -jCI NH Etoy 0 15 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using ethyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.477 g, 2.5 mmol), para chlorophenyldichlorophosphate (0.613 g, 2.5 mmol), and TEA (0.7 mL, 5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 0.880 g (97%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.85, 9.70. 20 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.35-7.15 (4H, m, OPi), 4.9 (IH, bs, N_), 4.22 (2H, 2q, 3 J=7.1 Hz, OCH2CH 3 ), 2.2-2.0 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.27 (3H, t, 3J=7 Hz, OCH 2 CH). 1C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 14.4 (CH 3

CH

2 ), 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 62.5, 62.4 CH 3

CH

2 ), 68.1 (Cq_cyclopentane), 122.2, 122.1 ('o' OPh), 130.1 25 ('m', OPh), 133.2 ('p', OPh), 149.8 ('ipso', OPh), 174.8 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of p-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

19

H

20

CI

2

NO

4 P, MW= 428.25.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 97 C O-P-c BnOY 4 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using benzyl-1-amino-1 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.640 g, 2.5 mmol), para-chlorophenyl 5 dichlorophosphate (0.613 g, 2.5 mmol), and TEA (0.7 mL, 5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 1.041 g (97%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.39, 8.95. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.4-7.15 (9H, m, OPh + CH 2 Ph), 5.20 (2H, s, CHPh), 5.0 (1H, bs, N1), 2.2-2.0 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.75 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). 10 "C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 68.1, 68.0 (CH 2 Ph), 68.2 (Cgcyclopentane), 121.9, 121.8 ('o' OPh), 130.5, 130.4, 129.3, 129.2 ('m'OPh, CH 2 Ph), 133.2 ('p', OPh), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 149.9 ('ipso', OPh), 174.3, 174.2 (COOCH 2 Ph). 15 Synthesis of p-trifluorophenyl-(methoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

14

H

6

CF

3

NO

4 P, MW=385.70. F3C 0-P-Cl MeOYb 0 20 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using methyl-i-amino-I cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.443 g, 2.5 mmol), para trifluorophenyldichlorophosphate (0.700 g, 2.5 mmol), and TEA (0.7 ml, 5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 0.931 g (97%) of crude product used without further purification. 25 "P-NMR (CDC] 3 , 121 MHz): 6 8.80, 8.62.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 98 IH-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.65 (2H, 2d, 3J=8 Hz, OP/h), 7.35 (2H, 2d, 3 J=8 Hz OPh), 5.02 (1H, bs, NH), 3.78 (3H, s, OCH), 2.25-2.05 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.7 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane).. 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 22.8 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 37.5, 37.2 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 51.5 5 (CH 3 0), 68.4 (Cq_cyclopentane), 120.0 ('o', OPh), 124.8 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 126.6 ('m', OPh), 129.5 ('p',q , J=32Hz, OPi), 152.8 ('ipso', OPh), 175.2 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of p-trifluoropheny-(ethoxy-a,c-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate. 10 C 15

H

8 ClF 3

NO

4 P, MW=399.73. F3C O-P-Cl 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using ethyl-1-amino-1 15 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.477 g, 2.5 mmol), para trifluorophenyldichlorophosphate (0.700 g, 2.5 mmol), and TEA (0.7 mL, 5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 0.950 g (89%) of crude product used without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 8 8.49. 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.45 (2H, m, OPh), 7.2 (2H, m, OPh), 5.12 (1H, bs, NH), 20 4.05 (2H, m, OCHCH 3 ), 2.15-2.0 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.9-1.65 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.2 (3H, 2t, 3 J=7 Hz, OCH 2

CH

3 ). 13C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 14.3 (_H 3

CH

2 ), 24.2, 24.1 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.6, 38.5, 38.4 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 62.0 CH 3

CH

2 ), 68.4 (qcyclopentane), 121.5 ('o', OP), 125.0 (d, J=270Hz, CF 3 ), 127.5 ('m', OP ), 129.9 ('p ',q , J=32Hz, OP ), 152.8, 152.7 ('ipso', OPh), 25 174.9, 174.6 (COOCH 2

CH

3 ). Synthesis of p-trifluorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,a-cycloleucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

20

H

20

CF

3

NO

4 P, MW= 461.80.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 99 F3C O-P-Cl NH BnOb 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using benzyl-1-amino-1 5 cyclopentanoate hydrochloride salt (0.700 g, 2.73 mmol), para-trifluorophenyl dichlorophosphate (0.75 g, 2.73 mmol), and TEA (0.75 mL, 5.47 mmol) in DCM (25 mL), to yield 1.089 g (86%) of crude product used without further purification. 31P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.39, 8.95. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.50 (2H, m, OPh), 7.4-7.15 (7H, m, OPh + CH 2 Ph), 5.20 10 (2H, s, CH2Ph), 4.95 (1H, bs, NH), 2.2-2.0 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane), 1.95-1.75 (4H, m, 4H cyclopentane). "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 24.3 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 38.8, 38.7, 38.6 (2CH 2 cyclopent), 68.1, 68.0 (_CH 2 Ph), 68.2 (Cq_cyclopentane), 121.4, 121.3 ('o', OPh), 125.1 (d, J=270Hz,

CF

3 ), 126.6 ('m', OPh) 129.2, 128.8, 127.8 (Bn), 129.8 ('p',q , J=32Hz, OPh), 135.7 15 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 153.5 ('ipso', OPh), 174.5, 174.4 (COOCH 2 Ph). Synthesis of Phenyl-(methoxy-L-phenylalaninyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

16

H

17 CN0 4 P, MW=353.74. NH Me 20 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.08 g, 5 mmol), phenyldichlorophosphate (1.12 g, 0.75 ml, 5 mmol), and TEA (1.4ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.626 g (92%) of crude product used 25 without further purification. 3 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.1, 8.95.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 100 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.3-7.1 (10H, m, CH 2 Ph+ OPh), 5.00 (1H, bs, N_), 4.35 (1H, m, CHphenylala), 3.79 (3H, 2s, CH 3 0), 3.00 (2H, m, CH 2 Ph) "C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 36.3 (CH 2 phenylalanine), 53.0 (CH 3 0), 56.6, 56.5 (CHphenylala), 121.0 ('o' OPh), 126.4 ('p', OPh), 130.2 ('m', OPh), 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 5 174.1 (COOCH 3 ). Synthesis of Phenyl-(methoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate

C

13

H

19 CN0 4 P, MW=319.72. o-P-CI MeO 10 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-leucine methyl ester hydrochloride (0.91 g, 5 mmol), phenyldichlorophosphate (1.12 g, 0.75 ml, 5 mmol), and TEA (1.4 ml, 10 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.58 g (99%) of crude product used 15 without further purification. 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.45. 9.35. 'H-NMR (CDCI 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.4-7.2 (5H, m, OPh), 4.90 (IH, bs, NI), 3.95 (IH, m,

CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 3.78 (3H, s, OCH), 1.8 (1H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.8-1.5 (2H, m,

CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.0-0.9 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ). 20 1C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 23.2, 23.1, 22.4, 22.3 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 24.9, 24.8

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 43.6 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 53.2 (CH 3 0), 53.7, 53.6

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 120.9 ('o' OPh), 126.4 ('p', OPh), 130.2 ('m', OPh), 150.1 ('ipso', OPh), 173.6 (COOCH 3 ). 25 Synthesis of Phenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

19

H

23 ClN0 4 P, MW= 395.82.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 101 NH BnO 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-leucine benzyl ester hydrochloride (1.29 g, 5.0 mmol), phenyl-dichlorophosphate (1.12 g, 0.75 ml, 5.0 mmol), 5 and TEA (1.4 mL, 10.0 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 1.88 g (95%) of crude product used without further purification. " P-NMR (CDC] 3 , 121 MHz): 8 9.93, 9.57. 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.5-7.2 (1OH, m, OPh+CH 2 Ph), 5.2 (2H, 2s, CH 2 Ph), 4.95 (IH, bs, NH), 4.2-4.1 (IH, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.95-1.80 (IH, in, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 10 1.7 (2H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.0-0.9 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ). 1C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 23.2, 23.1, 22.4, 22.3 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ), 24.9

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 43.5 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 53.8, 53.3 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 67.8, 67.7

(CH

2 Ph), 120.7 ('o' OPh), 126.4 ('p ', OPh), 130.2, 129,1, 128.8, 128.7 ('m'OPh, CH 2 Ph), 135.8 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 150.2 ('ipso', OPh), 174.1 (COOCH 2 Ph). 15 Synthesis of p-nitrophenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

19

H

22 ClN 2 0 6 P, MW= 440.81. 02 N J 0- -CI Bno 20 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-leucine benzyl ester hydrochloride (1.08 g, 5.01 mmol), para-nitrophenyl-dichloro phosphate (1.362 g, 5.01 mmol), and TEA (1.4 mL, 1.4 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), to yield 2 .08g (95%) of crude 25 product used without further purification. "P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.87, 9.38.

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 102 'H-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 8.25-8.10 (2H, m , OPh), 7.35-7.25 (7H, m, OPh +

CH

2 Ph), 5.15 (2H, 2s, CHPh), 4.95 (1 H, bs, NH), 4.15 (11H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.95 (IH, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.7 (2H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.0-0.9 (6H, m,

CHCH

2

CH(CH)

2 ). 5 1 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 5 23.2, 23.1, 22.1, 22.0 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ), 24.8

(CHCH

2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 43.4, 43.3 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 54.2, 53.9 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 68.0, 67.9 (CH 2 Ph), 121.6 ('o' OPh), 126.2, 126.1 ('m'OPh), 129.2, 129.0 (CH 2 Ph), 135.4, 135.3 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 145.8, 145.7 ('ipso', OPh), 154.7, 154.5 ('p', OPh), 173.0, 172.8 (

COOCH

2 Ph). 10 Synthesis of p-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-leucinyl)-phosphorochloridate.

C

19

H

22

C

2

NO

4 P, MW= 430.26. BnO 0 15 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using L-leucine benzyl ester hydrochloride (0.644 g, 2.5 mmol), para-chlorophenyl-dichlorophosphate (0.613 g, 2.5 mmol), and TEA (0.7 mL, 5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 0.968 g (90%) of crude product used without further purification. 20 "P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 9.71, 9.55. IH-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.4-7.0 (9H, m, OPh + CH 2 Ph), 5.15 (2H, s, CHPh), 4.5 (1H, d, 3 J=7Hz, NH), 4.0 (1H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.9-1.8 (1H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 1.7 (2H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 0.85 (6H, m, CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ). 1 3 C-NMR (CDC1 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 23.4, 23.3, 22.5, 22.4 (2C, CHCH 2

CH(CH)

2 ), 25.0 25 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 43.8, 43.7 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 54.0, 53.8 (CHCH 2

CH(CH

3

)

2 ), 68.2 (CHzPh), 122.5 ('o'OPh), 130.5, 130.4, 129.3, 129.2 ('m'OPh, CH 2 Ph), 133.2 ('p', OPh), 135.7 ('ipso', CH 2 Ph), 149.9, 149.8 ('ipso', OPh), 173.4, 173.2 (COOCH 2 Ph).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 103 Synthesis of 4 -chlorophenyl-(methyl-2-amino-2-methylpropanoate) phosphorochloridate. CnH 1 4

C

2

NO

4 P, MW=326.11. 5 C o-P- Cl B nO 0 This is synthesised according to Standard procedure 4, using 2-aminoisobutyrate methyl ester hydrochloride (280.0mg, 1.82 mmol), 4-chlorophenylphosphodichloride (447.4 mg, 10 1.82 mmol), and TEA (368.3 mg, 3.64 mmol, 507.3 tL) in DCM (20 mL), to yield 554 mg (yield 91.1%) of crude product used without further purification. 3 P-NMR (CDCI 3 , 121 MHz): 8 7.05 (s) 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 8 7.38 (2H, d, 3 J= 9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.29-7.24 (2H, 2d, 'J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 4.87-4.83 (1H, 2bs, NH), 3.84 (3H, s, OCH 3 ), 1.73-1.71 (6H, 2s, [CffH] 2 C). 15 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 27.0, 27.3, ([CH 3

]

2 C), 53.7 (OCH 3 ), 58.9 (C[CH 3

]

2 ), 122.5 ('o', OPh), 129.7 ('m', OP/h), 131.8 ('p', OPh) 148.7, 148.9 ('ipso', OPh), 175.5, 175.7

(COOCH

3 ). 20 Synthesis of 4-chlorophenyl-phosphodichloridate.

C

6

H

4 Cl 3 0 2 P, MW=245.43. CI 25 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 3, using phosphorus-oxychloride (1533 mg, 10.00 mmol, 932 iL), 4-chlorophenol (1.285 g, 10.00 mmol) and TEA (1.011 g, 10.00 mmol, 1394 pL) in ethylether (100 mL) to give an oil (1.897 g, 77.3 % yield).

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 104 31 P-NMR (CDC1 3 , 121 MHz): 6 5.18. H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.45 (2H, d, 3 J=9.0 Hz, OPh), 7.30 (2H, d, 3J=9.0 Hz, OPh). 3 C-NMR (CDC 3 ; 75 MHz): 6 122.5 ('o', OPh), 130.6 ('m', OPh), 133.2 (p', OPh), 148.5 5 ('ipso', OPh). Synthesis of 4 -(trifluoromethyl)-phenyi-phosphodichloridate.

C

7

H

4

CIF

3 0 3 P, MW=278.98. F3C O-- -CI 10 CI This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 3, using phosphorus-oxychloride (1.570 mg, 10.24 mmol, 954.5 ptL), 4-trifluoromethylphenol (1660 g, 10.24 mmol) and 15 TEA (1.036 g, 10.24 mmol, 1427 pL) in ethylether (100 mL) to give an oil (2.521 g, 88.2% yield). 31 P-NMR (CDC 3 , 121 MHz): 6 4.75. 'H-NMR (CDC 3 ; 300 MHz): 6 7.77 (2H, d, 'J=8.4 Hz, OP), 7.49 (2H, d, 'J=8.4 Hz, OPh). 20 "C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 8 121.6 ('o', OP/h), 123.6 (CF 3 , J=271 Hz, OPh), 128.2 ('m', OPh), 129.7 ('p', J=33 Hz), 152.7 ('ipso', OPh). Synthesis of 4 -fluorophenyl-phosphodichloridate. 25 C 6

H

4 Cl 2

FO

2 P, MW=228.97. F / -P-C

C

WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 105 This was synthesised according to Standard procedure 3, using phosphorus-oxychloride (1.395 mL, 15.00 mmol), 4-chlorophenol (1.68 g, 15.00 mmol) and TEA (2.1 mL, 15.00 mmol) in ethylether (140 mL) to give an oil (3.96 g, 96 % yield). 31 P-NMR (CDCl 3 , 121 MHz): 6 5.52. 5 'H-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 300 MHz): 3 7.15 (2H, d, 'J=8.0 Hz, OPh), 7.05 (2H, d, 3 J=8.0 Hz, OPh). 3 C-NMR (CDCl 3 ; 75 MHz): 5 116.8 ('o', OPh), 122.1 ('m', OPh), 146.7 ('p', OPh), 158.7 ('ipso', OPh). 10 Experimental data are given in Table I illustrating the activity of compounds embodying the present invention, and of some comparaive compounds, with respect to human breast cancer cell line MDA MB23 1, human colon cancer cell line HT1 15 and human prostrate cancer cell line PC-3. The compounds include those whose preparations are described 15 above and compounds made by preparative methods corresponding to the methods described above. The experimental procedures used human colon cancer cell line (HTI 15), human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3), human breast cancer cell line (MDA MB 231) and normal human 20 umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC). Compounds were diluted over a range of concentrations and added to cells over I to 3 days. The cytotoxity was determined using a MTT assay at the end of each experiment. In the Table: 25 ArO refers to Ar as defined above with respect to formula I; J refers to the moiety of the present compounds represented by, respectively, ROCOCR'R"NH-, as defined above with respect to formula 1, or, with respect to 30 Examples 51, 52 and 53, HOCOCR'R"NH-, as defined above with respect to formula 11; and WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 106 B refers to the base moiety of the present compounds as defined above with respect to formula I or formula II. BVU stands for 2-bromovinyl uridine. 5 5-(C=CC[O]O)MeU stands for methyl propenoate-2'-deoxyuridine. GemCyt stands for Gemcitabine. 10 Examples A, 1, 67 and G are comparative Examples. Example A is 5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. Example 1 is Example 1 above corresponding to compound (7) above. 15 Example 67 is propenate-2'-deoxyuridine. Example G is gemcitabine. 20 Examples 51, 52 and 53 are compounds embodying formula II above. TABLE 25 Ex ArO J B EC50/pM EC50/pM EC50/pM Breast Colon Prostate MDA HT115 PC-3 MB231 A - BVU 125 78.7 120 I PhO MeAlaNH BVU 79 244.5 155 2 PhO BnAlaNH BVU 34 1.4 19 3 PhO EtAlaNH BVU 56 52 36 4 p-CF3PhO BnAaNH BVU 31 7.4 9.3 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 107 5 p-FPhO MeAlaNH BVU 159 17 58 6 p-FPhO EtAlaNH BVU 46 11 42 7 p-FPhO BnAlaNH BVU 17 3.5 16 8 p-NO2PhO BnAlaNH BVU 28 - 9 9 p-NO2PhO EtAlaNH BVU 177 118.7 365 10 p-NO2PhO MeAlaNH BVU 105 96.7 10.4 11 p-CIPhO EtAlaNH BVU 28.7 14.9 3.4 12 p-CIPhO BnAlaNH BVU 6.2 3.4 2.4 13 p-CIPhO MeAlaNH BVU 61 70.2 13 14 PhO Bn(Me2Gly)NH BVU 19 14.5 5.1 15 p-CF3PhO MeAlaNH BVU 47 79.2 15 16 PhO Me(cPntGly)NH BVU 79 77 16 17 PhO Et(cPntGly)NH BVU 44 81.3 41 18 PhO Bn(cPntGly)Ni BVU 78 9.7 33 19 p-NO2PhO Me[cPntGly]NH BVU 56 38.2 88 20 p-NO2PhO Et[cPntGly)NH BVU 13 57.3 15 21 p-NO2PhO Bn[cPntGly]NH BVU 8.4 17.2 2.2 22 PFPhO Me[cPntGly]NH BVU 57 59.7 51 23 PFPhO Et[cPntGly]NH BVU 9.9 18.1 2.7 24 PFPhO Bn[cPntGly]NH BVU 9.4 17 3.7 25 p-CF3PhO EtAlaNH BVU 33.8 4.6 26 PhO Me(Me2Gly)NH BVU 41.1 77.9 1.5 27 PhO Et(Me2Gly)NHI BVU 217.9 39.7 76.1 28 p-CF3PhO Me(cPntGly)NIH BVU 28.8 21.2 29 p-CF3PhO Et(cPntGly)NH BVU 45.6 15.1 4.3 30 p-CF3PhO Bn(cPntGly)NH BVU 6.9 6.4 32 p-CIPhO Me[cPntGly]NH BVU 2.6 99.3 52.2 33 p-CIPhO Et[cPntGly]NH BVU 12 97.9 83.2 34 p-CIPhO Bn[cPntGly]NH BVU 3.9 8.9 6.3 35 PhO MeLeuNH BVU 18.5 7.7 75.7 36 PhO Me[Phe]NH BVU 19.8 32.1 86.9 37 PhO BnLeuNH BVU 2.8 7 7.16 38 p-NO2PhO BnLeuNH BVU 6.3 10.7 7.2 39 p-CIPhO BnLeuNH BVU 4.3 288.5 193.1 42 p-CIPhO Me(Me2GIy)NH BVU 8.7 183.4 441.6 43 p-CIPhO Et(Me2Gly)NH BVU 5.9 174.3 1.15 44 p-CIPhO Bn(Me2Gly)NH BVU 2.3 4.5 9.12 45 p-NO2PhO Me(Me2Gly)NH BVU 9.4 24.7 222.8 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 108 46 p-NO2PhO Et(Me2Gly)NH BVU 2 224 82.4 47 p-NO2PhO Bn(Me2Gly)NH BVU 4.5 16.7 27.2 48 p-CF3PhO Bn(Me2Gly)NH BVU 1.3 7 0.61 49 o-CIPhO BnAlaNH BVU 5.4 16.2 5.4 50 o-CIPhO Bn(Me2Gly)NH BVU 5.7 3.9 6.59 51 - L-AlaNH BVU 295.4 52 - LeuNH BVU 438.1 53 - PhAlaNH BVU 66 54 PhO Bn[PhAla]NH BVU 5.1 55 PhO Me[D-Ala]NH BVU 392.7 56 PhO Bn[D-Ala]NH BVU 20.8 57 p-NO2PhO Bn[D-Ala]NH BVU 20.2 58 p-CF3 Me[Me2Gly]NH BVU 83.6 59 p-CF3 Et[Me2Gly]NH BVU 24.7 60 p-FPhO Et[Me2Gly]NH BVU 86.8 61 p-CF3PhO Bn[L-PhAla]NH BVU 6.3 62 p-CF3PhO Bn[L-Leu]NH BVU 1.9 63 PhO tBu[L-Ala]NH BVU 31.5 64 p-NO2PhO Bn[L-PhAla]NH BVU 16.6 65 p-FPhO Me{Me2Gly)NH BVU 66 p-NO2PhO Me(Me2Gly)NH 5-(C=CC[0]O 20.7 Me)U 67 - 5-(C=CC[0]O 93.7 Me)U 69 PhO MeMetNH BVU - - 6.3 70 PhO MeTrpNH BVU - - 16 71 PhO BnMetNH BVU - - 6.3 72 PhO BnlIleNH BVU - - 1.6 73 PhO EtIleNH BVU - - 30.6 74 PhO MeGlyNH BVU - - 31 75 PhO BnGlyNH BVU - - 29 77 p-Cl PhO BnGlyNH BVU - - 150 78 p-CF 3 PhO BnVa1NH BVU - - 1.6 80 PhO Me 2 AspNH BVU - - 158 81 PhO Et 2 GIuNH BVU - - 31 82 m-C1PhO BnAJaNH BVU - - 21 83 m-C1PhO BnMe 2 GlyNH BVU - - 6.3 84 p-FphO BnMe 2 GlyNH BVU - - 4.5 WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 109 85 PhO BnValNH BVU - - 31.2 86 p-ClPho BnValNH BVU - - 0.9 87 p-FphO BnVa1NH BVU - - 1.6 88 PhO BnPhGlyNH BVU - - 0.75 89 p-CIPhO BnPhGlyNH BVU - - 6.5 91 p-CF 3 PhO BnPhGlyNH BVU - - 0.7 94 PhO i-BuAlaNH BVU - - 51 95 PhO 2-BuAlaNH BVU - - 6.8 G - GemCyt 2.8 606.1 3.12 31 PhO BnAlaNH GemCyt 42.6 5.7 0.22 40 p-CIPhO BnAlaNH GemCyt 9.2 16.1 15.4 41 p-C1PhO Bn[Me2Gly]NH GemCyt 3.1 317.1 68.8 Gemcitabine (Example G in the Table) and compound CPF31 (Example 31 in the Table: gemcitabine-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate) were compared in a mouse model 5 with xenografts of human cancer (colon HT1 15 and prostrate PC3). Mice were dosed daily at a range of concentrations (0.01-10%M) and tumour volume assessed versus control. 10 Kaplan-Meier statistics were computed regarding incident-free survival. In the attached drawings: Figure 1 shows for the mouse xenograft the tumour volume for prostate data at day 13 15 using GemzarTm (gemcitabine available ex. Lilly); Figure 2 shows for the mouse xenograft the tumour volume for prostate data at day 13 using CPF3 1; 20 Figure 3 shows the incident free survival functions v. day for each of CPF31 and gemcitabine; and WO 2005/012327 PCT/GB2004/003148 110 Figure 4 shows for the mouse xenograft the tumour volume for colon data at day 24 using, respectively, Gemzar and compound CPF3 1. Referring to the drawings, CPF31 can be seen to be significantly less toxic than 5 gemcitabine. CPF31 was significantly effective at reducing prostate and colon tumour volume relative to control at daily dosing of 5 and 10 pM (3 and 6 [ig/ml). Gemcitabine was not effective at the highest non-toxic concentration. 10 Gemzar is seen from Figure 1 to be toxic above 1IM. In contrast, CPF31 is seen from Figure 2 to have substantially lower toxicity. Figure 3 shows that CPF31 has significantly lower side effects on a comparable basis: 3 15 animals show serious toxicity (10% body mass loss) in GMZ and in CPF31 on day 10, collectively 4 in GMZ and 1 in CPF31 on day 11 and 5 in GMZ and 1 in CPF on day 13. Using Chi square analysis by combining 5 and lOM groups, the significance is p=0.193, 0,078 and 0.0289 on day 10, 11 and 13. It is clear that by day 13, CPF31 displayed signficantly less side effects, and the anti-cancer effects continue to exceed that of Gemzar. 20 Figure 3 shows the Kaplan-Meier survival curve, incidence free survival: based on the loss according to weight loss. A Cox proportion analysis shows that CPF31 is far less toxic than GMZ based on the weight-loss calculated loss (p=0.043). 25 CPF31 was found to be active at 5pM in vitro, whereas Gemzar was found to be active at 600pM, with respect to the same colon cell line. Figure 4 shows the results of testing both in vivo at 5pM. The greater activity of CPF31 in reducing tumour volume is shown in Figure 4.

C :NRPortb\DCC\GDBOO5 55_l.DOC-15/06/2010 - 111 Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps. 5 The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of 10 endeavour to which this specification relates.

Claims

1. A chemical compound having formula 1: Z' 4 Z H N 3 5 1 2 6 (I) 0 R' 0 O 1 R-0-- N--0 9 R" H ,0 Ar X OH Y 5 wherein: R is selected from the group comprising alkyl, aryl and alkylaryl, any of which is optionally substituted; R' and R" are independently selected from the group comprising H, alkyl and alkylaryl any 10 of which said alkyl and alkylaryl is optionally substituted; or R' and R" together form an alkylene chain so as to provide, together with the C atom to which they are attached, a cyclic system; Q is selected from the group comprising -0- and-CH 2 -; X and Y are independently selected from the group comprising H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH and 1 5 methyl (-CH 3 ); Ar is a monocyclic aromatic ring moiety or a fused bicyclic aromatic ring moiety, either of which said ring moieties is carbocyclic or heterocyclic and is optionally substituted; Z is H; and n is 0, 20 Z' is-NH 2 and a double bond exists between position 3 and position 4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative or metabolite of a compound of formula I.

2. A compound according to claim I wherein R is selected from the group comprising 25 a CI. 16 primary or secondary alkyl group, a Cs.- carbocyclic aryl group or a Ci- 6 alkylCsii aryl group. CAkNRPorbIl\DUUUZu260m_ M 00-1611/2010 - 113 3. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R is selected from the group comprising methyl (-CH 3 ), ethyl (-C 2 Hs) and benzyl (-CH 2 C 6 Hl- 5 ).

4. A compound according to claim 3 wherein R is benzyl. 5

5. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims wherein Ar is an optionally substituted C 6 monocyclic aromatic ring moiety, ie is optionally substituted phenyl. 10 6. A compound according to claim 5 wherein Ar is selected from the group comprising -C 6 H 5 , pCF 3 C 6 H 4 -, pFC 6 H 4 -, pNO 2 C 6 H 4 -, pCIC 6 H 4 - and oCIC 6 H 4 -.

7. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims wherein R' and R" are, independently, selected from the group comprising H, C 1 . 6 primary, secondary and tertiary 15 alkyl, CI. 3 alkylC 5 . 7 aryl, or, when together they form an alkylene chain, they provide, together with the C atom to which they are attached, a C 3 . 8 carbocyclic aliphatic ring.

8. A compound according to claim 7 wherein R' and R" are, independently, selected from the group comprising H, methyl, benzyl and -CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , or, R' and R" together 20 with the C atom to which they are attached, provide a C 5 - 6 ring.

9. A compound according to claim 8 wherein R' and R" are each methyl.

10. A compound according to claim 8 wherein one of R' and R" is 1- and one of R' and 25 R" is methyl.

11. A compound according to claim 8 wherein the carbocyclic ring is a pentyl ring.

12. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims wherein R' and R" 30 correspond to the side chains of a naturally occurring amino acid.

13. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims wherein Q is O. C RPorb\DCCOGDB\3260255_i DOC-2680/2010 - 114 14. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims wherein each of X and Y is F. 5 15. A compound according to any one of claims I to 13 wherein X is OH and Y is H.

16. A compound according to any one of claims I to 13, wherein X is H and Y is OH.

17. A compound selected from the group comprising: 10 Gemcitabine-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)] -phosphate (CPF 31) Gemcitabine- [para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)] -phosphate (CPF 40) and Gemcitabine-[para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-a,ca-dimethylglycinyl)] -phosphate (CPF 41).

18. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims for use in the 15 prophylaxis or treatment of cancer.

19. Use of a compound according to any one of claims I to 17 in the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer. 20 20. A method of prophylaxis or treatment of cancer comprising administration to a patient in need of such treatment an effective dose of a compound according to any one of claims I to 17.

21. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to any one of 25 claims 1 to 17 in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

22. A method of preparing a pharmaceutical composition comprising the step of combining a compound according to any one of claims I to 17 with a pharmaceutically 30 acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent. C\jNRPortb1\DCGDB\22S551 iDOC-26/WI2010 -115 23. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula I according to claim 1, the process comprising reacting of a compound of formula (III): ZI H.N 3 5 2 6 0N HO Q -X Y OH 5 with a compound of formula (IV) O R' 0 11 11 R-0-C N-P-Cl (IV) I I R" H O Ar wherein Ar, n, Q, R, R', R", X, Y, Z and Z' have the meanings described in claim I and a double bond exists between position 3 and position 4. 10 24. A compound of formula I according to claim 1, prepared by the process of claim

23.

25. A compound according to claim I substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples. 15