AU2013367402B2 - Pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a pulverizer wherein the temperature of the inner surface of the liner can be efficiently adjusted. [Solution] The pulverizer (10) is provided with: a rotator (15); striking members (16) installed on the rotator (15) for colliding with brown coal (13); collision plates (20) disposed around the rotator (15); and liners (30) provided on the inner surfaces (21) of the collision plates (20) and having an inner surface (31) onto which brown coal (13) that has collided with the striking members (16) is thrown. The pulverizer (10) also is provided with a temperature adjustment mechanism (40) for adjusting the temperature of the inner surface (31) of a liner (30). The temperature adjustment mechanism (40) is configured so as to be capable of adjusting the temperature of the liner (30) further to the inside than the inner surface (21) of the collision plates (20).

Description

1 DESCRIPTION Pulverizer 5 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing a material such as coal or the like. In particular, the present 10 invention relates to a crusher for crushing a highly adhesive material containing a large amount of moisture, such as lignite, brown coal, etc. Background Art 15 [0002] In recent years, consumption of energy resources rapidly increases worldwide, and prices of main energy sources such as coal or natural gas rise. Thus, making effective use of these energy sources is a vital topic now. 20 [0003] Bituminous coal having a high heating value is generally used as coal for fuel. However, along with the economic growth in emerging countries, the bituminous coal is in tight supply and demand in the world. On the other hand, a reserve of low 25 quality coal such as lignite or subbituminous coal is estimated to surpass a reserve of high quality coal such as bituminous coal. Thus, methods of making effective use of low quality coal are being researched. [0004] 30 A crusher using impact force to crush coal, such as a hammer crusher, is known as a crusher for crushing coal. However, since a moisture content in low quality coal is as high as 50 to 60%, crushed coal is likely to adhere to the surfaces of a hummer and a liner. When a great amount of coal adheres to 35 the surfaces of the hummer and the liner, crushing efficiency may be impaired and the inside of the crusher may be 2 obstructed. [0005] In order to solve such a problem, Patent Document 1 proposes a crusher configured to pass therethrough a cooling or heating fluid. A crusher described in Citation 1 is designed so as to reduce adhesion of coal by cooling or heating the liner with a fluid. [0006] Patent Document 1: JPH1 1-276916A [0007] In Patent Document 1, the cooling or heating fluid passes along an outer surface of a collision plate. Thus, a thermal conduction between the fluid and the liner occurs through the collision plate. However, it is difficult to make the collision plate and the liner such that an inner surface of the collision plate and an outer surface of the liner are completely in contact with each other as a whole. Thus, a certain thermal conduction loss may occur in an interface between the collision plate and the liner. Patent Document 1 proposes to interpose a synthetic resin between the inner surface of the collision plate and the outer surface of the liner, in order to eliminate such a thermal conduction loss. However, even when a synthetic resin is used, the thermal conduction loss cannot be completely eliminated. Namely, in the conventional crusher, an efficient temperature regulation of the liner is not achieved. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION [0008] It is an object of the present invention to substantially overcome or at least ameliorate one or more of the above disadvantages, or to at least provide a useful alternative. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0009] A first aspect of the present invention provides a crusher for crushing a material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate located around the rotor; a liner provided on an inner surface of the collision plate, the liner having an inner surface onto which the material having collided with the impact member is hit; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is 3 configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, wherein the temperature regulating mechanism includes a temperature-regulating-medium supply unit configured to supply a temperature regulating medium to a flow path located on an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, and wherein a flow path through which the temperature regulating medium passes is formed inside the liner. Paragraphs [0010] and [0011] are intentionally deleted. [0012] Preferably, a heat insulation member may be interposed between the flow path formed inside the liner and the inner surface of the collision plate. [0013] Preferably, the temperature-regulating-medium supply unit may be configured to supply the flow path with the temperature regulating medium having a temperature higher than a temperature of the material put into the crusher. Alternatively, the temperature-regulating medium supply unit may be configured to supply the flow path with the temperature regulating medium having a temperature lower than a temperature of the material put into the crusher. [0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a crusher for crushing a material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate located around the rotor; a liner provided on an inner surface of the collision plate, the liner having an inner surface onto which the material having collided with the impact member is hit; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, and wherein the temperature regulating mechanism may include an electrothermal heater located on an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate. [0015] Preferably, the liner may be composed of a plurality of liner members arranged along a track along which a distal end of the impact member goes round.

4 [0016] Preferably, the temperature regulating mechanism may be configured to independently regulate at least two liner members of the plurality of liner members. [0016a] A third aspect of the present invention provides a crusher for crushing a material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate located around the rotor; a liner provided on an inner surface of the collision plate, the liner having an inner surface onto which the material having collided with the impact member is hit; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, wherein the liner is composed of a plurality of liner members arranged along a track along which a distal end of the impact member goes around, and wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured to independently regulate at least two liner members of the plurality of liner members. [0017] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a crusher for crushing material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate and a casing located around the rotor; a casing liner provided on an inner surface of the casing, said inner surface facing the impact member in the axial direction of the rotor, the casing liner having an inner surface to which a part of the material, which has collided with the impact member and the collision plate to be dispersed, adheres; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the casing liner; the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the casing liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the casing. [0018] In one or more embodiments, the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate. Thus, the thermal conduction to the liner can be achieved with low loss. As a result, the temperature of the inner surface of the liner can be efficiently regulated. In one or more embodiments, the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the casing liner takes place an interior side of the inner surface 5 of the casing. Thus, the thermal conduction to the casing liner can be achieved with low loss. As a result, the temperature of the inner surface of the casing liner can be efficiently regulated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0018a] Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described hereinafter, by way of examples only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. [0019] Fig. 1 is a front view showing a crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front view showing in enlargement a liner of the crusher in Fig. 1. Fig. 3A is a side view of a first liner member of the liner of the crusher in Fig. 1 when viewed from a lateral side. Fig. 3B is a sectional view of the first liner member in Fig. 3A when viewed from a IIIB IIIB direction. Fig. 4A is a side view of a second or third liner member of the liner of the crusher in Fig. 1 when viewed from the lateral side. Fig. 4B is a sectional view of the second or third liner member in Fig. 4A when viewed from a IVB-IVB direction. Fig. 5A is a view showing that a brown coal adheres to an inner surface of the liner. Fig. 5B is a view showing that the brawn coal adhering to the liner is heated. Fig. 5C is a view showing that the heated brawn coal peels off from the liner. Fig. 6A is a front view showing in enlargement a liner of a crusher according to a modification example of the embodiment shown in in Fig. 1. Fig. 6B is a sectional view of the liner in Fig. 6A when viewed from a VIB-VIB direction. Fig. 7 is a side view showing a crusher, showing a modification example of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0020] A crusher according to a first embodiment of the present 6 invention is explained with reference to Figs. 1 to 5C. [0021] Fig. 1 is a front view showing a crusher 10. In Fig. 1, there is shown a section of the crusher 10 taken along a plane 5 perpendicular to an axial direction of a rotor of the crusher 10. The crusher 10 is configured to make an impact on a material that has been put into a crushing space 14 inside a casing 18 from an inlet 11 formed in the casing 18 to thereby crush the material. The crushed material is discharged from an outlet 10 12. [0022] The crusher 10 includes a rotor 15 and a plurality of impact members 16 fixed to the rotor 15, which are disposed in the crushing space 14 inside the casing 18. The respective 15 impact members 16 are fixed to the rotor 15 at constant intervals therebetween along a circumferential direction of the rotor 15. A hummer is used as the impact member 16, for example. As shown in Fig. 1, each impact member 16 may be fixed to the rotor 15 through a shaft 16a which is hinged such 20 that the impact member 16 is rotatable therearound. Thus, each impact member 16 can swing about the shaft 16a. Although not shown, each impact member 16 may be secured to the rotor 15 such that the swinging movement does not take place. 25 [0023] The crusher 10 further includes a collision plate 20 located around a circumference of the rotor 15, and a liner 30 provided on an inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20. The inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20 has a substantially 30 arcuate profile. The collision plate 20 and the liner 30 are formed of, e.g., a steel material. In addition, the collision plate 20 may have a structure that can suitably regulate a clearance between a distal-end round track of the impact member 16 and the liner 30, depending on a wearing condition of the liner 30 35 and/or a need for regulating a product grain size.

[0024] The liner 30 has an inner surface 31 onto which a material having collided with the impact member 16 is hit. As shown in Fig. 1, the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 may have a 5 saw-edged shape. Thus, the material hit onto the liner 30 can be effectively crushed. [0025] As shown in Fig. 1, the liner 30 may be divided into a plurality of liner members along the distal-end round track 10 along which a distal end of the impact member 16 goes round. For example, the liner 30 includes a first liner member 30A, a second liner member 30B and a third liner member 30C that are arranged in this order from the inlet 11 toward the outlet 12 along the distal-end round track. By dividing the liner 30 into 15 the plurality of liner members, installation of the crusher 10 and maintenance thereof can be facilitated. [0026] In addition, at least two liner members of the plurality of liner members may have the same shape. For example, in the 20 example shown in Fig. 1, the second liner member 30B and the third liner member 30C have the same shape. Namely, the liner members 30B and 30C have the same length, and the same shape that is curved along the distal-end round track of the impact member 16. Since some liner members of the 25 plurality of liner members are in common, obtainment of components and handling thereof can be improved. [0027] In addition, as shown in Fig. 1, the first liner member 30A, which is located near the inlet 11, may have a linearly 30 extending shape. Thus, as compared with a case in which the first liner member 30A has a shape that is curved along a rotary track of the impact member 16, a larger area of the inlet 11 can be ensured. When the first liner member 30A has a linear shape, the first liner member 30A may have a length different 35 from those of the other liner members 30B and 30C.

8 [0028] In addition, the crusher 10 is equipped with a temperature regulating mechanism 40 for regulating a temperature of the inner surface 31 of the liner 30. The 5 temperature regulating mechanism 40 is explained below. [0029] Firstly, a background for installing the temperature regulating mechanism 40 is explained. As described above, the low quality coal such as brown coal has a moisture content as 10 high as 50 to 60%. When such a low quality coal is put into the crusher 10, the low quality coal may adhere to the impact member 16 and the inner surface 31 of the liner 30. In this case, since the low quality coal adhering to the impact member 16 is subjected to a centrifugal force and/or an impact force 15 against a newly supplied material, the low quality coal is expected to peel off from the impact member 16. On the other hand, the liner 30 is generally secured. Thus, the low quality coal containing a lot of moisture adhering to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 tends to become deposited. It cannot be 20 expected that the low quality coal spontaneously peels off therefrom. Cumulative increase of the low quality coal adhering to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 is disadvantageous in that a crushing efficiency when the low quality coal is hit onto the liner 30 is impaired and/or the 25 crushing space 14 is exceedingly obstructed. Thus, the low quality coal adhering to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 is desired to be removed. [0030] Adhesion of the low quality coal to the inner surface 31 of 30 the liner 30 is considered to be caused by a large amount of moisture contained in the low quality coal. Thus, by reducing the moisture content of at least the low quality coal in contact with the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 out of the low quality coal adhering to the inner surface 31, reduction in adhesion of 35 the low quality coal to the inner surface 31 can be expected. The aforementioned temperature regulating mechanism 40 is 9 installed in consideration of the above. Namely, the temperature regulating mechanism 40 is configured to heat the low quality coal adhering to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 to reduce a moisture content of the low quality coal, to thereby 5 assist the low quality coal in peeling off from the inner surface 31 of the liner 30. [0031] A concrete structure of the temperature regulating mechanism 40 is explained herebelow with reference to Figs. 1 10 to 4B. Fig. 2 is a front view showing in enlargement the liner of the crusher in Fig. 1. Fig. 3A is a side view of the first liner member 30A in Fig. 1 when viewed along a direction normal to an outer surface of the first liner member 30A. Fig. 3B is a sectional view of the first liner member 30A in Fig. 3A when 15 viewed from a IIIB-IIIB direction. Fig. 4A is a side view of the second liner member 30B or the third liner member 30C of the liner 30 in Fig. 1 when viewed along a direction normal to an outer surface of the liner member 30B or 30C. Fig. 4B is a sectional view of the second or third liner member 30B or 30C 20 in Fig. 4A when viewed from a IVB-IVB direction. [0032] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the temperature regulating mechanism 40 includes a temperature-regulating-medium supply unit 41 configured to supply a temperature regulating 25 medium 42 toward the liner 30, a supply pipe 43 through which the temperature regulating medium 42 to be supplied to the liner 30 passes, and a discharge pipe 44 through which the temperature regulating medium 42 discharged from the liner 30 passes. The supply pipe 43 and the discharge pipe 44 may be 30 either metal pipes or pipes such as flexible hoses or rubber hoses having flexibleness and resistance against displacement and impact of the collision plate 20 upon replacement of the liner 30. The temperature regulating medium 42 is supplied to a flow path 33 located on an interior side of the inner surface 21 35 of the collision plate 20. The temperature regulating medium 42 supplied to the flow path 33 has a temperature higher than a 10 temperature of the low quality coal supplied to the crusher 10. For example, the temperature of the low quality medium 42 supplied to the crusher 10 is generally about an atmospheric temperature, while the temperature of the temperature 5 regulating medium 42 is about 100 0 C. When the temperature of the temperature regulating medium 42 is too high, the liner 30 and the low quality coal are excessively heated, which may invite ignition of the low quality coal. Thus, the temperature regulating medium 42 is regulated so as not to have an 10 excessively high temperature. Any kind of such a temperature regulating medium 42 can be optionally selected. For example, a low-pressure saturated steam generated by a steam boiler is used. [0033] 15 As shown in Figs. 2 to 4B, the flow path 33 may be formed inside each of the liner members 30A, 30B and 30C of the liner 30. In Figs. 3A and 4A, the flow paths 33 formed inside the respective liner members 30A, 30B and 30C are illustrated by doted lines. In Figs. 3A and 4A, the reference 20 number 35a depicts an injection hole 35a through which the temperature regulating medium 42 is injected to the flow path 33. The reference number 35b depicts an ejection hole 35b through which the temperature regulating medium 42 is ejected from the flow path 33. In a case where the temperature 25 regulating medium 42 is a saturated steam, while the saturated steam passes through the flow path 33 in the liner 30, a heat of the saturated steam and heats of the liner 30 and the low quality coal may be exchanged, whereby the saturated steam may condense into water. Thus, the temperature regulating 30 medium 42 is possibly ejected in a liquid state from the ejection hole 35b. In consideration thereof, the ejection hole 35b may be formed below the injection hole 35a. Shapes and locations of the injection hole and the ejection hole, and a connection manner with the supply pipe 43 and the discharge pipe 44 can 35 be optionally selected as design matters.

11 [0034] A method of supplying the temperature regulating medium 42 having passed through the supply pipe 43 to the flow path 33 of the liner 30 is not specifically limited. For 5 example, the supply pipe 43 and the discharge pipe 44 may be respectively joined to the injection hole 35a and the ejection hole 35b of the liner 30. In this case, the collision plate 20 may have through-holes or cutouts through which the supply pipe 43 and the discharge pipe 44 can pass. Alternatively, as 10 shown in Fig. 2, the supply pipe 43 and the injection hole 35a, and the discharge pipe 44 and the ejection hole 35b may be connected through flow paths 23 formed inside the collision plate 20. [0035] 15 According to this embodiment, the temperature regulating medium 42 is supplied to the flow path 33 that is located on an interior side of the inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20. Namely, the temperature regulating medium 42 of the temperature regulating mechanism 40 come into 20 direct contact with the liner 30 on an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate 20. Therefore, it is possible to regulate the temperature of the liner 30 on an interior side of the inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20. Thus, as compared with a case in which a structure member for 25 mounting the liner is interposed between the temperature regulating medium and the liner, the heat of the temperature regulating medium 42 can be conducted to the liner 30 with low loss. As a result, the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 can be efficiently heated. 30 [0036] Preferably, as shown in Figs. 3B and 4B, a heat insulation member 36, which prevents the heat of the temperature regulating mechanism 42 from being conducted to the collision plate 20, is interposed between the flow path 33 formed inside 35 the liner 30 and the inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20. Due to the heat insulation member 36, the heat of the 12 temperature regulating medium 42 can be conducted to the liner 30 with lesser loss. For example, the heat insulation member 36 is formed by attaching a heat insulation material to a back plate 37 closing the flow path 33. In this case, an iron 5 plate is used as the back plate 37, for example. Alternatively, the back plate 37 itself may be made of a material having heat insulation properties. In Fig. 1, although only the liner 30 positioned on the left side is equipped with the temperature regulating mechanism 40, the liner 30 positioned on the right 10 side may be similarly equipped with the temperature regulating mechanism 40. [0037] In addition, as indicated by the reference number 34 in Figs. 3A and 4A, an outer surface 32 of each of the liner 15 members 30A, 30B and 30C may have a fastening hole 34 through which the liner 30 is fastened to the collision plate 20. [0038] Next, an operation when a material such as a brown coal is crushed with the use of the above-mentioned crusher 10 is 20 explained with reference to Figs. 5A to 5C. [0039] Firstly, a material such as a brown coal 13 is put into the crusher 10 from the inlet 11. The brown coal 13 put thereinto collides with the rotating impact member 16, and is then hit 25 onto the inner surface 31 of the liner 30. Fig. 5A shows the brown coal 13 hit onto the inner surface 31 and adhered to the inner surface 31, and the brown coal 13 flying toward the inner surface 31. [0040] 30 As shown in Fig. 5B, since the brown coals 13 successively fly toward the inner surface 31, the brown coal 13 adhering to the inner surface 31 becomes enlarged. On the other hand, the temperature regulating medium 42 having a temperature higher than that of the brown coal 13 is made to 35 flow through the flow path 33 formed inside the liner 30. Thus, the brown coal 13 is heated by the temperature regulating 13 medium 42. Since this heating of the brown coal 13 is generated by a heat that is conducted thereto from the temperature regulating medium 42 through the liner 30, a portion of the brown coal 13 in contact with the inner surface 31 5 is preferentially heated. Thus, a moisture content of the portion of the brown coal 13 in contact with the inner surface 31 becomes lower than a moisture content of another portion of the brown coal 13, because of moisture evaporation and removal resulting from the heating. As a result, as shown in 10 Fig. 5B, the portion of the brown coal 13 in contact with the inner surface 31 becomes a dried portion 13a having a reduced moisture content. [0041] As described above, the adhesion of the low quality coal 15 to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 is considered to be caused by a large amount of moisture contained in the low quality coal. According to this embodiment, by drying the portion of the brown coal 13 in contact with the inner surface 31, the adhesion of the brown coal 13 to the inner surface 31 can 20 be reduced. In this case, as shown in Fig. 5C, it can be expected that the brown coal 13 adhering to the inner surface 31 peels off from the inner surface 31, owing to a force given by a swirl flow generated by the rotation of the rotor 15 and the impact member 16 or a force given by the brown coal 13 flying 25 toward the inner surface 31. [0042] According to this embodiment, the brown coal 13 can be peeled off from the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 by heating the brown coal 13. In addition, according to this embodiment, 30 the portion of the brown coal 13, which is in contact with the inner surface 31, is mainly dried, whereby the brown coal 13 can be peeled off from the inner surface 31. Thus, as compared with a case in which the whole crushing space 14 is heated to dry the whole surface of the brown coal 13, a thermal 35 energy required for peeling the brown coal 13 can be reduced. In addition, the risk of ignition of the brown coal 13 can be 14 reduced. Moreover, according to this embodiment, the temperature regulating mechanism 40 is configured to be in contact with the liner 30 on an interior side of the inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20. Thus, the thermal conduction to 5 the liner 30 can be achieved with low loss. As a result, the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 can be efficiently heated. According to this embodiment, due to the synergy effect of these features, the brown coal 13 adhering to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 can be efficiently removed by lesser thermal 10 energy. [0043] The aforementioned embodiment can be variously modified. Herebelow, modification examples are explained with reference to the drawings. In the below description and the 15 drawings therefor, a part that can be constituted similarly to the above embodiment is shown by the same reference number given to the corresponding part of the above embodiment, and overlapped description is omitted. [0044] 20 The above embodiment shows the example in which the temperature of the temperature regulating medium 42 is regulated at about 100 0 C. However, it is not necessary that the temperature of the temperature regulating medium 42 is equally regulated at the same temperature. The temperature of the 25 temperature regulating medium 42 may be varied depending on a position of the liner 30. For example, as described above, when the liner is divided into the liner members 30A, 30B and 30C, the temperature regulating mechanism 40 may be configured to be capable of independently regulating 30 temperatures of the inner surfaces 31 of the at least two liner members of the plurality of liner members 30A, 30B and 30C. An effect of this modification example is explained herebelow. [0045] As a driving force for peeling off the brown coal 13 35 adhering to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 from the inner surface 31, the gravity force acting on the brown coal 13 15 adhering to the inner surface 31 can be considered, in addition to a collision against a crushed material and a force given by a swirl flow generated by the rotation of the rotor 15 and the impact member 16. On the other hand, usability of the gravity 5 force upon peeling of the brown coal 13 from the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 depends on an orientation of the inner surface 31 of the liner 30. For example, in the crusher 10 shown in Fig. 1, it is considered that, as compared with the brown coal 13 adhering to the second liner member 30B and the third liner 10 member 30C, the brown coal 13 adhering to the first liner member 30A more easily peels off therefrom, under the influence of the gravity force. Namely, the peeling tendency of the brown coal 13 may vary depending on a position of the liner 30 to which the brown coal 13 adheres. According to this 15 modification example, the temperature regulating mechanism 40 can independently regulate the temperatures of the respective liner members 30A, 30B and 30C. For example, it is possible to carry out a control operation in which the temperature regulating medium 42 is not supplied to the first 20 liner member 30A, and the temperature regulating medium 42 is supplied only to the second liner member 30B and the third liner member 30C. Thus, it is possible to intensively heat the second liner member 30B and the third liner member 30C from which the brown coal 13 is unlikely to peel off as compared with 25 the first liner member 30A. Accordingly, a thermal energy can be reduced as a whole, while achieving the purpose of peeling off the brown coal 13 adhering to the liner 30. In addition, an amount of the brown coal 13 adhering to the liner 30 may vary depending on a position of the liner 30. 30 Also in this case, according to this embodiment, the liner member to which the brown coal 13 is likely to adhere can be selectively heated by independently regulating the temperatures of the respective liner members 30A, 30B and 30C, whereby the brown coal 13 can be efficiently peeled 13. Also in this case, a 35 thermal energy can be reduced as a whole, while achieving the purpose of peeling off the brown coal 13 adhering to the liner 16 30. [0046] A concrete structure of the temperature regulating mechanism 40 for independently regulating the temperatures of 5 the respective liner members 30A, 30B and 30C is not specifically limited, and various structures may be employed. For example, as shown in Fig. 1, each of the supply pipes 43 for supplying the temperature regulating medium 42 to the respective liner members 30A, 30B and 30C may be provided 10 with a regulating valve 45 for regulating a flow rate of the temperature regulating medium 42. [0047] The above-described embodiment and the modification example show the example in which the temperature regulating 15 mechanism 40 heats the liner 30 by means of the temperature regulating medium 42. However, the method of heating the liner 30 is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in Figs. 6A and 6B, the temperature regulating mechanism 40 may heat the liner 30 by means of a heater 46 that is located on an 20 interior side of the inner surface 21 of the collision plate 20 or embedded in the liner 30. For example, the heater 46 is located inside an accommodation space 39 formed in the liner 30. In this case, as shown in Fig. 6A, the liner 30 may have an introduction hole 38 for introducing the heater 46 to the 25 accommodation space 39. Also in this modification example, as compared with a case in which the collision plate 20 is interposed between the heater 46 and the liner 30, the heat of the heater 46 can be conducted to the liner 30 with low loss. Thus, the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 can be efficiently 30 heated. An electrothermal heat transfer heater or a radiofrequency heater may be used as the heater 46. [0048] The above-described embodiment and the modification examples show the example in which the temperature 35 regulating mechanism 40 is configured to heat the liner 30. However, not limited thereto, the temperature regulating 17 mechanism 40 may be configured to cool the liner 30 down to a temperature lower than that of the brown coal 13. For example, the temperature regulating medium 42 supplied to the flow path 33 of the liner 30 may have a temperature lower than that of 5 the brown coal 13. In this case, the adhesion of the brown coal 13 to the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 can be reduced by cooling the moisture contained in the brown coal 13 so as to be solidified, for example. In addition, when a material such as rubber or plastic, 10 which has toughness and viscoelasticity at normal temperatures so that it is difficult to crush the material, is frozen and crushed, liquid nitrogen or the like is used as the temperature regulating medium 42. In this case, since the temperature regulating mechanism 40 according to this embodiment restrains increase 15 of temperature of the inner surface 31 of the liner 30 caused by a crushing heat, thus softening of the material can be prevented. [0049] The above-described embodiment and the modification 20 examples show the example in which the brown coal 13 is crushed by the crusher 10. However, the material to be crushed by the crusher 10 is not limited to the brown coal 13. In addition to the brown coal 13, the crusher 10 according to this embodiment and the modification examples can efficiently 25 crush a material containing a great amount of moisture, i.e., a low quality coal such as bituminous coal and subbituminous coal, and a biomass material. [0050] As shown in Fig. 7, the technical idea described in the 30 above-described embodiment and the modification examples may be applied to a casing liner 50 provided on an inner surface of the casing 18. That is to say, a part of a material such as the brown coal 13 having collided with the impact member 16 and the collision plate 20 may be dispersed at a portion of the 35 inner surface of the casing liner 50, particularly near each end of the rotor 15 where a peripheral velocity of the impact 18 member 16 is low. The dispersed material may be hit onto the inner surface of the casing liner 50 and adhered thereto. Thus, similarly to the case regulating a temperature of the liner 30 provided on the collision plate 20, regulating a temperature of 5 the casing liner 50 has a beneficial effect. [0051] Fig. 7 is a side view showing the crusher 10. Fig. 7 shows a section of the crusher 10 taken along a vertical plane passing an axis line of a drive shaft 19 for driving the rotor 15. 10 In the modification example shown in Fig. 7, the temperature adjusting mechanism 40 regulates the temperature of the inner surface of the casing liner 50, in addition to the temperature of the inner surface of the liner 30 provided on the collision plate 20, or independently of the temperature of the inner surface of 15 the liner 30. To be specific, similarly to the above-described embodiment and the modification examples, the temperature adjusting mechanism 40 is configured so that regulating the temperature of the casing liner 50 on an interior side of the inner surface of the casing 18. Thus, the thermal conduction to 20 the casing liner 50 can be achieved with low loss. Therefore, the temperature of the inner surface of the casing liner 50 can be efficiently regulated. As a result, the brown coal 13 adhering to the inner surface of the casing liner 50 can be efficiently removed by a lesser thermal energy. Similarly to the 25 liner 30 provided on the collision plate 20, the casing liner 50 may be divided into several members. Temperatures of the divided members of the casing liner 50 may be independently regulated by the temperature regulating mechanism 40. [0052] 30 Some modification examples of the above-described embodiment have been explained. It goes without saying that these modification examples can be applied in combination. [0053] 10 Crusher 35 11 Inlet 12 Outlet 19 13 Brown coal 15 Rotor 16 Impact member 18 Casing 5 19 Drive shaft 20 Collision plate 21 Inner surface of collision plate 23 Flow path 30 Liner 10 30A to 30C First to third liner members 31 Inner surface of liner 32 Outer surface of liner 33 Flow path 35a Injection hole for temperature regulating medium 15 35b Ejection hole for temperature regulating medium 36 Heat insulation member 37 Back plate 38 Heater introduction hole 39 Accommodation space 20 40 Temperature regulating mechanism 42 Temperature regulating medium 46 Heater 50 Casing liner

Claims (9)

1. A crusher for crushing a material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate located around the rotor; a liner provided on an inner surface of the collision plate, the liner having an inner surface onto which the material having collided with the impact member is hit; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, wherein the temperature regulating mechanism includes a temperature-regulating-medium supply unit configured to supply a temperature regulating medium to a flow path located on an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, and wherein a flow path through which the temperature regulating medium passes is formed inside the liner.

2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulation member is interposed between the flow path formed inside the liner and the inner surface of the collision plate.

3. The crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature-regulating-medium supply unit is configured to supply the flow path with the temperature regulating medium having a temperature higher than a temperature of the material put into the crusher.

4. The crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature-regulating-medium supply unit is configured to supply the flow path with the temperature regulating medium having a temperature lower than a temperature of the material put into the crusher.

5. A crusher for crushing a material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; 21 a collision plate located around the rotor; a liner provided on an inner surface of the collision plate, the liner having an inner surface onto which the material having collided with the impact member is hit; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, and wherein the temperature regulating mechanism includes an electrothermal heater located on an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate.

6. The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liner is composed of a plurality of liner members arranged along a track along which a distal end of the impact member goes round.

7. The crusher according to claim 6, wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured to independently regulate at least two liner members of the plurality of liner members.

8. A crusher for crushing a material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate located around the rotor; a liner provided on an inner surface of the collision plate, the liner having an inner surface onto which the material having collided with the impact member is hit; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the collision plate, wherein the liner is composed of a plurality of liner members arranged along a track along which a distal end of the impact member goes around, and wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured to independently regulate at least two liner members of the plurality of liner members. 22

9. A crusher for crushing material comprising: a rotor; an impact member fixed on the rotor and configured to collide with the material; a collision plate and a casing located around the rotor; a casing liner provided on an inner surface of the casing, said inner surface facing the impact member in the axial direction of the rotor, the casing liner having an inner surface to which a part of the material, which has collided with the impact member and the collision plate to be dispersed, adheres; and a temperature regulating mechanism configured to regulate a temperature of the inner surface of the casing liner; wherein the temperature regulating mechanism is configured so that regulating the temperature of the casing liner takes place at an interior side of the inner surface of the casing. Kabushiki Kaisha Earthtechnica Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON & FERGUSON