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AU2014224159B2 - Method and arrangement for controlling a solar powered pump - Google Patents
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AU2014224159B2 - Method and arrangement for controlling a solar powered pump - Google Patents

Method and arrangement for controlling a solar powered pump Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2014224159B2
AU2014224159B2 AU2014224159A AU2014224159A AU2014224159B2 AU 2014224159 B2 AU2014224159 B2 AU 2014224159B2 AU 2014224159 A AU2014224159 A AU 2014224159A AU 2014224159 A AU2014224159 A AU 2014224159A AU 2014224159 B2 AU2014224159 B2 AU 2014224159B2
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
inverter
voltage
limit
pump
panel system
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AU2014224159A
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AU2014224159A1 (en
Inventor
Mikko Lammi
Deepak Pandey
Chetan Patange
Rahul Raj
Satyan Rn
Laxmikantha Shenoy
Ahmed Syed
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ABB Schweiz AG
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ABB Schweiz AG
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Assigned to ABB TECHNOLOGY OY reassignment ABB TECHNOLOGY OY Request for Assignment Assignors: ABB OY
Assigned to ABB SCHWEIZ AG reassignment ABB SCHWEIZ AG Request for Assignment Assignors: ABB TECHNOLOGY OY
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06Control using electricity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

A method of operating a pump in a pump system including a photo voltaic panel system (1), an inverter (2) electrically connected to the photo voltaic panel system and a motor (3) driving the pump and electrically con 5 nected to the output of the inverter (2). The method includes setting a voltage limit for the inverter, monitoring the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system, operating the inverter for rotating of the motor when the voltage pro duced by the photovoltaic panel system is above the voltage limit, and dis abling the use of the inverter when the voltage of the photovoltaic system re 10 mains below the voltage limit. (Figure 1) cABB021 O1fled1 5Sept2014 PV Panel Inverter Motor Pump

Description

1 METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING A SOLAR POWERED PUMP FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to pumping processes, and more par 5 ticularly to pumping processes using power from a photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Photovoltaic modules or solar panels are widely used for generating electrical power. According to the purpose, electrical power from the photo voltaic panels can be consumed directly, stored in a battery or fed to electrical 10 grid. When the energy is consumed directly, the load may be for example a motor for a specific purpose, such as pumping. In such a case the motor ro tates the pump if power is available from the photovoltaic panel system. The output of photovoltaic panels depends on atmospheric condi tions. Clouds in the sky may temporarily shadow the photovoltaic panels from 15 sunlight which immediately affects the output from the photovoltaic panels. Further, the temperature of the photovoltaic panels has an effect of the power output. For extracting the maximum power from the photovoltaic panels a maximum power point tracker is often employed. Such a tracker operates to change the operation point of the photovoltaic panel so that as much power as 20 possible is obtained. For changing the operation point of the photovoltaic panel, the output voltage or current from the photovoltaic panel is changed. An AC motor, such as an induction motor, is a typical motor used in pumping processes. The induction motor requires alternating voltage and for that purpose an inverter is connected to feed the motor. As known, inverters 25 are converter devices which are able to produce alternating voltage from a DC voltage source using Pulse width modulation technique. The pumping systems with maximum power point trackers are complicated and expensive devices. A simpler structure is obtained by connecting an inverter directly to the output of the photovoltaic panel system or photovoltaic panel. The inverter obtains thus 30 variable DC voltage as its input voltage. The inverter can be operated with variable DC voltage, but problems arise when actual DC voltage level falls be low the low voltage level of the inverter. This will stop the operation of the in verter. This may happen when, for example, clouds are shadowing the panels temporarily. When the inverter stops modulation for the reason of low input 35 voltage, the operation is not continued automatically, and the user has to cABB02101filedl5Sept2014 2 manually start the inverter again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is aimed at providing a method and an ar rangement for implementing the method so as to solve or at least ameliorate 5 the abovementioned problem. The invention is based on the idea of enabling the operation of the inverter when the output voltage from the photovoltaic panel system exceeds a settable voltage limit. As the inverter, that is directly connected to the output of the photovoltaic panel system, is operated only after the voltage has risen to a 10 certain level, the operation of the inverter operates more reliably. Once the voltage sinks below the limit, the inverter can set itself to an operation mode in which it waits for the voltage to rise up again. Thus the inverter does not have to be started again since it is not shut down for low input voltage. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a user of the 15 inverter can also set a minimum rotational speed limit for the pumping opera tion. When in a pumping system the rotational speed of the pump is low, the pump is not necessarily capable of producing flow. This may wear the pump excessively since the pumped liquid is not cooling the pump. With the foregoing in view the invention in one aspect resides 20 broadly in a method of operating a pump in a pump system including a photo voltaic panel system, an inverter electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel system and a motor driving the pump and electrically connected to the output of the inverter, the method including: setting a voltage limit for the inverter, 25 monitoring the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system, operating the inverter for rotating of the motor when the voltage pro duced by the photovoltaic panel system is above the voltage limit, and disabling the use of the inverter when the voltage of the photovoltaic system remains below the voltage limit. 30 In another aspect the invention resides broadly in a pump arrange ment including a photovoltaic panel system, an inverter electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel system and a motor driving the pump and electrically connected to the output of the inverter, the arrangement including: means for setting a voltage limit for the inverter, 35 means for monitoring the voltage produced by the photovoltaic cABB02101filedl 5Sept2014 3 panel system, wherein the inverter is adapted to operate for rotating the motor when the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system is above the voltage limit, and 5 the arrangement includes means for disabling the use of the inverter when the voltage of the photovoltaic system remains below the voltage limit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following the invention will be described in greater detail by means of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying draw 10 ings, in which Figure 1 shows a simplified block diagram of a pumping system driven by an inverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 1 shows a simplified block diagram of a pumping arrange 15 ment according to the invention. In the block diagram a photovoltaic (PV) panel system is connected to the input of an inverter. The term photovoltaic panel system refers to any combination of photovoltaic panels, modules or strings, and can also be a single panel. As known, the PV panels produce DC voltage, and thus the output from the PV panels is directly connected to the input of the 20 inverter. The output of the three phase inverter is further connected to a three phase AC motor, which is preferably an induction motor. A pump is further me chanically connected to the motor such that the pump is rotated together with the motor. When the pumping system is operated according to the method of 25 the invention, a voltage limit is set. Once the voltage of PV panel system con nected to the voltage input of the inverter exceeds or reaches the set limit, the inverter is started and it starts modulating, i.e. producing output voltage to the motor. The inverter will produce the output voltage and corresponding speed. If the pump is unable to reach the minimum speed as defined by the user, then 30 the inverter will shutoff and wait for set restart time before restarting once again. This process will continue until the pumps starts working above the speed limit set. Once the voltage from the PV panel system reaches the limit, the inverter starts controlling the motor according to the control scheme of the in 35 verter. The motor may be controlled with any known control method for rotating cABB02101filedl 5Sept2014 4 the motor. The inverter may employ, for example, known constant volts per hertz scheme, in which the ratio between the output voltage of the inverter and the frequency of the output voltage is kept constant. As the start of the modula tion is made automatically, the user of the system typically has set a certain 5 program on in the inverter. This program may, for example, maximise the pumping process outcome by driving the motor and the pump at a maximum available rotational speed without exceeding the maximum rotational speed limit. Once the motor and the pump are rotating and the voltage is above 10 the set limit, the voltage may drop below the set limit for some reason. The voltage may drop, for example, due to temporary clouding. As the voltage drops below the set limit, the use of the inverter is disabled. Once the use of the inverter is disabled, it does not produce output voltage, but it actively moni tors the input DC voltage. If the DC voltage rises again above the limit, then 15 the inverter starts its modulation again. The use of the voltage limit saves the motor from being run with a low voltage. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method includes setting a minimum rotational speed limit. When this limit is set, the inverter continuously monitors the rotational speed of the motor and the pump. When 20 the speed drops below the set limit, the modulation of the inverter is disabled, i.e. the inverter does not produce voltages to the motor. The pumping system is stopped for the reason of low rotational speed for ensuring that the pump will not be damaged. After the rotational speed has fallen below the limit, the in verter checks whether the voltage from the panel system is above the set limit. 25 If the voltage is above the voltage limit, then the operation of the inverter is started. For starting the inverter voltage level and dry run functionality are checked. Whenever the voltage of the inverter falls below the voltage limit, a predefined set restart time gap is given for the automatic restart of the inverter. Whereas in case of dry run function a longer settable restart time is allowed. 30 This time depends on the area of pump installation considering the water re covery in that particular area and the user can set time for restart accordingly. The voltage limit can be chosen such that the voltage limit corre sponds to a certain percentage of the nominal value of the open circuit voltage of the PV panel system. The selected percentage may be in the range of 50 to 35 80 % of the nominal value of the open circuit voltage. It is understood, that the voltage limit affects the operation of the inverter in such a way, that as the limit cABB02101filedl 5Sept2014 5 value is lower, the pump is driven with a lower voltage, and output from the pump is obtained with lower voltages. The limit value may also be selected based on the nominal values of the motor driving the pump. The rotational speed limit may be chosen such that when operating 5 near the voltage limit, the power obtainable from the PV panel system is enough to rotate the pump with speeds higher than the limit. The arrangement of the present invention comprises a photovoltaic panel system 1, an inverter 2 electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel system and a motor 3 driving the pump and electrically connected to the output 10 of the inverter 2. The arrangement further includes means for setting a voltage limit for the inverter. This voltage limit may be set directly to the inverter as a parameter. According to the invention, the arrangement includes means for monitoring the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system. Typically, 15 the inverter includes measurement circuits that are used for determining the inputted voltage. The inverter is further adapted to operate for rotating the mo tor when the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system is above the voltage limit. For this purpose, a simple comparison logic is required. The set limit and the monitored voltages are compared, and when the inverter detects 20 that the monitored voltage is above the limit, the inverter is operational to ro tate the motor. The arrangement further includes means for disabling the use of the inverter when the voltage of the photovoltaic system remains below the voltage limit. The means for disabling the use of the inverter is preferably circuitry in 25 the inverter that stops the modulation of the inverter. For determining whether the voltage is below a limit for period of a time interval, a clock circuit is re quired in the inverter. The output of the clock circuit is compared with the time interval in the inverter. As known, inverters include certain amount of calcula tion capacity for the purposes of simple comparisons and calculations. Other 30 embodiments of the method of the invention may also be implemented using an inverter. It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as the technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The in vention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above 35 but may vary within the scope of the claims. cABB02101filedl 5sept2014

Claims (4)

1. A method of operating a pump in a pump system including a photovoltaic panel system, an inverter electrically connected to the photo voltaic panel system and a motor driving the pump and electrically connected 5 to the output of the inverter, the method including: setting a voltage limit for the inverter, monitoring the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system, operating the inverter for rotating of the motor when the voltage pro duced by the photovoltaic panel system is above the voltage limit, and 10 disabling the use of the inverter when the voltage of the photovoltaic system remains below the voltage limit.
2. A method according to claim 1, including: setting a rotational speed limit, monitoring the rotational speed of the motor connected to the output 15 of the inverter, and disabling the use of the inverter when the rotational speed of the motor is below the set rotational speed limit.
3. A method according to claim 2, further including restarting of the inverter by 20 checking whether the monitored voltage is above the set voltage limit, starting the operation of the inverter if the voltage is above the set limit, and if the inverter is disabled due to dry run fault or due to low rotational 25 speed, then starting the operation of the inverter after a settable time delay.
4. A pump arrangement including a photovoltaic panel system, an inverter electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel system and a motor driving the pump and electrically connected to the output of the inverter, the arrangement including: 30 means for setting a voltage limit for the inverter, means for monitoring the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system, wherein the inverter is adapted to operate for rotating the motor when the voltage produced by the photovoltaic panel system is above the voltage limit, 35 and cABB02101 filed 5Sept2014 7 the arrangement includes means for disabling the use of the inverter when the voltage of the photovoltaic system remains below the voltage limit. cABB02101filedl 5Sept2014
AU2014224159A 2013-09-27 2014-09-15 Method and arrangement for controlling a solar powered pump Active AU2014224159B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN4397/CHE/2013 2013-09-27
IN4397CH2013 IN2013CH04397A (en) 2013-09-27 2013-09-27

Publications (2)

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AU2014224159A1 AU2014224159A1 (en) 2015-04-16
AU2014224159B2 true AU2014224159B2 (en) 2015-10-01

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AU2014224159A Active AU2014224159B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2014-09-15 Method and arrangement for controlling a solar powered pump

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US (1) US20150093255A1 (en)
CN (1) CN104518549A (en)
AU (1) AU2014224159B2 (en)
IN (1) IN2013CH04397A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105089965B (en) * 2015-08-31 2018-08-10 上海禧龙科技股份有限公司 A kind of AC photovoltaic water pump system and its control method
CN108258942B (en) * 2017-12-29 2020-08-25 珠海天兆新能源技术有限公司 Frequency reduction starting method of solar photovoltaic driven single-phase water pump
CN109595146B (en) * 2018-11-01 2020-09-01 海信容声(广东)冰箱有限公司 Compressor control apparatus and method
US11205896B2 (en) 2018-11-21 2021-12-21 Black & Decker Inc. Solar power system
ES2753221B2 (en) * 2019-07-25 2020-11-05 Eos Itr S L ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FOR SUPPLYING CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

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US7126294B2 (en) * 2002-01-31 2006-10-24 Ebara Corporation Method and device for controlling photovoltaic inverter, and feed water device
US20070290651A1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-20 Worldwater & Power Corp. Solar power control using irradiance

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JPS59131777A (en) * 1983-01-19 1984-07-28 Toshiba Corp Pump driving device utilizing solar battery as power source
GB2176667B (en) * 1985-06-11 1989-07-05 Toshiba Kk Electric motor running system employing a photovoltaic array
JP2833146B2 (en) * 1989-08-24 1998-12-09 富士電機株式会社 Controller for solar pump system
JP3200901B2 (en) * 1991-12-20 2001-08-20 株式会社日立製作所 Electric vehicle drive
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US7126294B2 (en) * 2002-01-31 2006-10-24 Ebara Corporation Method and device for controlling photovoltaic inverter, and feed water device
US20070290651A1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-20 Worldwater & Power Corp. Solar power control using irradiance

Also Published As

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US20150093255A1 (en) 2015-04-02
AU2014224159A1 (en) 2015-04-16
CN104518549A (en) 2015-04-15
IN2013CH04397A (en) 2015-04-03

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