AU2016209781B2

AU2016209781B2 - Quick coupler having improved safety

Info

Publication number: AU2016209781B2
Application number: AU2016209781A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Yong-Tae IM
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-01-19
Filing date: 2016-01-19
Publication date: 2020-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2036-01-19
Also published as: AU2016209781A1; EP3249106B1; EP3249106A4; WO2016117909A1; KR20160089294A; EP3249106A1; KR101789909B1

Abstract

A hydraulic cylinder of a quick coupler has an elongated hole formed at either a cylinder rod or a cylinder body such that one of the cylinder rod and the cylinder body is fitted onto a cylinder shaft of a coupler body and the other is rotatably coupled to a movable hook, and rotates the movable hook such that the movable hook is coupled to or released from a second coupling pin according to extension or retraction. A rotary key has a rotary key protrusion inserted into or withdrawn from a coupling groove of a fixed hook according to a rotation position thereof, and the rotary key protrusion is maintained in a state in which the protrusion is inserted into the coupling groove of the fixed hook by means of the elastic force of a rotary key spring, so as to prevent the separation of a first coupling pin from the coupling groove of the fixed hook. A stopper has a stopper hook coupled to or separated from a cylinder hook around the elongated hole, is supported by the elastic force of a stopper spring, and rotates the rotary key such that the rotary key protrusion is withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook when the hydraulic cylinder is retracted.

Description

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[DESCRIPTION]

[Invention Title]

QUICK COUPLER HAVING IMPROVED SAFETY

[Technical Field]

The present disclosure relates to a quick coupler employed in heavy

equipment, and more particularly, to a quick coupler that allows an attachment to be

replaced according to a task purpose of heavy equipment.

[Background Art]

Heavy equipment such as an excavator used in civil engineering and

construction sites performs various tasks with various forms of attachments such as a

bucket being replaced in a quick coupler disposed at a front end of an arm of a boom

pole.

Generally, a quick coupler is configured so that an attachment is attached or

detached by a hydraulic cylinder, the attachment may be released from the quick

coupler and fall to the ground due to damage to the hydraulic cylinder and the like,

and an accident in which the attachment falls by mistake may occur while attempting

an attachment mounting task. In this way, when the attachment is unintentionally

released from the quick coupler and falls, it leads to a serious accident in most cases

due to the size and weight of the attachment. To prevent such an accident, a quick

coupler having a safety device has been proposed.

As an example thereof, there is a technology disclosed in Korean Utility

Model Registration No. 20-211608. According to this technology, a cylinder

housing of a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to one side of a locker, and a cylinder rod of

the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to one side of a mobile hook. As the locker is rotated from a releasing position to a coupling position by the hydraulic cylinder, a nose of the locker protrudes to a coupling groove of a fixed hook and narrows an inlet of the coupling groove so that detachment of a coupling pin inserted into the coupling groove can be prevented.

However, in the above-described technology, because the locker still

depends on an operation of the hydraulic cylinder, when the hydraulic cylinder is

damaged or is not able to perform its own function, the locker fixed to the hydraulic

cylinder cannot prevent the detachment of the coupling pin, and the coupling pin

may be released from the fixed hook. Because the attachment falls from the quick

coupler due to this, it can be seen that pursuit of safety is incomplete.

Further, generally, a buzzer may sound in heavy equipment when the

hydraulic cylinder is not extended while the coupling pin of the attachment is

coupled to the fixed hook. However, because a driver is unable to hear the buzzer

often due to a loud noise in an area in which heavy equipment is used or the driver

has to simultaneously perform various operations alone in most cases, the driver

almost forgets to extend the hydraulic cylinder in some cases.

In this case, because the coupling pin of the attachment is just placed on the

fixed hook, when the driver lifts or rotates the attachment for next operation in this

state, the attachment may immediately fall to the ground and cause an accident.

Also, according to the related art, because the safety device mounted in the

quick coupler makes an inner space of the quick coupler extremely cramped, when

impurities such as soil, pieces of stone, or the like are introduced into the inner space

of the quick coupler while the quick coupler is being used in a worksite, the

impurities may be unable to exit the inner space of the quick coupler and be

accumulated in the inner space of the quick coupler. Because of this, an excessive load may be applied to a driving mechanism of the quick coupler and cause an incorrect operation of the driving mechanism and increase the possibility of an accident.

It can be recognized that a safety device that is provided in a way that the

inner space of the quick coupler cannot be sufficiently secured as above may rather

hinder the safe use of the quick coupler. Accordingly, a regressive phenomenon, in

which workers who work at a worksite prefer a manual safety device over an

automatic safety device, is exhibited.

[Disclosure]

[Technical Problem]

An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a quick coupler capable of

securing safety and facilitating discharge of impurities by securing relatively large

empty inner space while an attachment is mounted.

[Technical Solution]

To achieve the above objective, according to the present disclosure, a quick

coupler includes a coupler body, a fixed hook, a mobile hook, a hydraulic cylinder, a

rotary key, and a stopper. The coupler body may be connected to a front end of an

arm of heavy equipment. The fixed hook may be formed in the coupler body and a

first coupling pin of an attachment may be fitted thereto. The mobile hook may be

rotatably coupled to the coupler body and a second coupling pin of the attachment

may be fitted thereto. The hydraulic cylinder may have a slot formed in any one of

a cylinder rod and a cylinder body and fitted to a cylinder shaft of the coupler body,

have the other one rotatably coupled to the mobile hook, include a cylinder hook

formed near the slot, and rotate the mobile hook to be coupled to or released from the second coupling pin according to an extension or contraction operation. The rotary key may be rotatably coupled to the coupler body, may include a rotary key protrusion that is inserted into or withdrawn from a coupling groove of the fixed hook according to a rotary position, and the rotary key protrusion may be maintained in a state of being inserted into the coupling groove of the fixed hook by an elastic force of a rotary key spring and may prevent detachment of the first coupling pin from the coupling groove of the fixed hook. The stopper may include a stopper hook coupled to or separated from the cylinder hook, may be supported by an elastic force of a stopper spring, and may rotate the rotary key so that the rotary key protrusion is withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook during a contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder in a state in which the stopper hook is coupled to the cylinder hook.

According to the present disclosure, a quick coupler includes a coupler body,

a fixed hook, a mobile hook, a hydraulic cylinder, and a locking mechanism. The

coupler body may be connected to a front end of an arm of heavy equipment. The

fixed hook may be formed in the coupler body and a first coupling pin of an

attachment may be fitted thereto. The mobile hook may be rotatably coupled to the

coupler body and a second coupling pin of the attachment may be fitted thereto.

The hydraulic cylinder may rotate the mobile hook to be coupled to or released from

the second coupling pin according to an extension or contraction operation. The

locking mechanism may lock the mobile hook to prevent the second coupling pin

from being detached from the mobile hook while the mobile hook is coupled to the

second coupling pin when the coupler body is located at positions other than that at

an angle for mounting or releasing the attachment.

[Advantageous Effects]

According to the present disclosure, if a hydraulic cylinder does not perform

a contraction operation while a coupling pin of an attachment is coupled to a fixed

hook, detachment of the coupling pin of the attachment can be prevented by a rotary

key. Consequently, an accident due to falling of the attachment can be prevented

and safety can be secured.

According to the present disclosure, in a state in which a quick coupler is

located at an angle at which an attachment may fall during work, even when a

hydraulic cylinder is damaged or is unable to perform its own function or performs

an incorrect operation by mistake of a worker, detachment of a coupling pin of an

attachment from a mobile hook can be prevented.

According to the present disclosure, because a relatively large empty inner

space of a quick coupler can be secured, when impurities and the like enter the inner

space of the quick coupler, the impurities can immediately exit the inner space of the

quick coupler without assigning load or applying pressure to elements such as a

hydraulic cylinder located in the inner space. Consequently, problems such as an

incorrect operation of an element inside the quick coupler do not occur.

[Description of Drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a quick coupler according to an embodiment

of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating an inside of the quick coupler illustrated in

FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a fixed hook portion in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a mobile hook portion in FIG. 3.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are views for describing actions of a gab and a weight.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating another example of a weight in FIG.

5.

FIG. 9 is a view illustrating an example of mounting an attachment on the

quick coupler in FIG. 3.

FIGS. 10 to 13 are views for describing a process in which first and second

coupling pins of an attachment are coupled and then detached to and from the quick

coupler illustrated in FIG. 9.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which another example of

a rotary key is applied.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the rotary key illustrated in FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view illustrating an example in which an

intermediate body is omitted.

FIG.17 is a perspective view of a rotary key illustrated in FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a quick coupler according to another

embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 is a view illustrating a state in which an extension operation is

performed by a hydraulic cylinder in FIG. 18.

FIG. 21 is a view illustrating an action example of a stopper weight in FIG.

20.

FIG. 22 is a view for describing an action example of a second weight in FIG.

20.

FIG. 23 is a view illustrating a state in which a coupler body is located at an

angle for mounting or releasing an attachment in FIG. 18.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an inside of a hydraulic cylinder.

FIG. 25 is a view illustrating a piston head in FIG. 24.

FIG. 26 is a view illustrating a region A in FIG. 24.

FIG. 27 is a view illustrating a contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder

in FIG. 26.

[Modes of the Invention]

The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the

accompanying drawings. Here, like reference numerals will be used for like

configurations., and repeated descriptions and detailed descriptions of known

functions and configurations that may unnecessarily blur the gist of the present

disclosure will be omitted. Embodiments of the present disclosure are provided to

more thoroughly describe the present disclosure to one of average skill in the art.

Consequently, shapes, sizes, and the like of elements in the drawings may be

exaggerated for clearer description.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a quick coupler according to an embodiment

of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a front view

illustrating an inside of the quick coupler illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a

perspective view illustrating a fixed hook portion in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a perspective

view illustrating a mobile hook portion in FIG. 3.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a quick coupler is located at a front end of an arm

of a boom pole disposed in heavy equipment to attach or detach an attachment and

includes a coupler body 110, a fixed hook 120, a mobile hook 130, a hydraulic

cylinder 140, a rotary key 150, and a stopper 160.

The coupler body 110 is connected to the front end of the arm of the heavy

equipment. The coupler body 110 is formed in a structure in which a pair of frames

111 are arranged at an interval to have an inner space. The fixed hook 120 is formed in the coupler body 110, and a first coupling pin 11 of an attachment 10 (see

FIG. 10) is fitted thereto. The fixed hook 120 has a coupling groove to which the

first coupling pin 11 is fitted.

The mobile hook 130 is rotatably coupled to the coupler body 110. The

mobile hook 130 may rotate about a mobile hook shaft 112 of the coupler body 110.

A second coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10 is fitted to the mobile hook 130.

The mobile hook 130 has a coupling groove to which the second coupling pin 12 is

fitted. The mobile hook 130 may be fitted to the second coupling pin 12 by rotating

in a direction approaching the fixed hook 120 when the hydraulic cylinder 140

performs an extension operation. For example, when the mobile hook 130 is

arranged at the left side of the fixed hook 120, the mobile hook 130 may be fitted to

the second coupling pin 12 by rotating counterclockwise.

The hydraulic cylinder 140 includes a cylinder body 141 and a cylinder rod

142. A slot 141a is formed in the cylinder body 141 and fitted to a cylinder shaft

113 of the coupler body 110. The cylinder shaft 113 protrudes from the frame 111

and is fitted to the slot 141a. The slot 141a may be formed in a cylinder shaft

portion 141b of the cylinder body 141. The slot 141a may be formed in an elliptical

shape or the like.

The slot 141a of the hydraulic cylinder 140 may move leftward and rightward

while being placed on the cylinder shaft 113. That is, when the hydraulic cylinder

140 is extended, the hydraulic cylinder 140 pushes a mobile hook hinge shaft 131,

moves the cylinder shaft portion 141b, and makes the cylinder shaft 113 to be placed

at the left of the slot 141a. When the hydraulic cylinder 140 is contracted, the

hydraulic cylinder 140 pulls the mobile hook hinge shaft 131, moves the cylinder

shaft portion 141b in the opposite direction, and makes the cylinder shaft 113 to be placed at the right of the slot 141a. When the extension and contraction operations of the hydraulic cylinder 140 occur, the cylinder shaft portion 141b reciprocates along the length of the slot 141a.

A lower end panel 114 is disposed in the frame 110, and the lower end panel

114 stops rotation of the mobile hook 130 when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs

a contraction operation. When an operation of the mobile hook 130 is first

performed when the hydraulic cylinder 140 is contracted, and rotation of the mobile

hook 130 is stopped by the lower end panel 114, the cylinder shaft 113 moves along

the slot 141a due to further contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 140, and the

cylinder body 141 moves leftward.

The cylinder rod 142 is rotatably coupled to the mobile hook 130. The

cylinder rod 142 may be connected to the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 that

penetrates through an upper end of the mobile hook 130. In another example,

although not illustrated, the slot 141a may be formed in the cylinder rod 142, and the

cylinder body 141 may be rotatably coupled to the mobile hook 130. The hydraulic

cylinder 140 may be located at the center of an inside of the coupler body 110. A

cylinder hook 143c is formed near the slot 141a.

The hydraulic cylinder 140 couples or releases the mobile hook 130 to or

from the second coupling pin 12 according to the extension or contraction operation.

That is, when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs the extension or contraction

operation, the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 connected to the cylinder rod 142 moves

leftward and rightward, and the mobile hook 130 may be coupled to or released from

the second coupling pin 12 by rotating about the mobile hook shaft 112.

The rotary key 150 is rotatably coupled to the coupler body 110. The rotary

key 150 may be arranged at an upper end of an opening of the fixed hook 120 and maybe coupled to a rotary key shaft 115 protruding from the frame 111. Therotary key 150 includes a rotary key protrusion 151 that is inserted into or withdrawn from a coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 according to a rotary position. The rotary key 150 prevents detachment of the first coupling pin 11 from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 by the rotary key protrusion 151 being maintained in a state of being inserted into the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 by an elastic force of rotary key springs 152. For example, the rotary key 150 may be maintained in a state in which the rotary key protrusion 150 heads downward by the rotary key springs 152 disposed at left and right sides. The rotary key springs 152 may be formed as a torsion spring.

Consequently, when the first coupling pin 11 of the attachment 10 enters the

coupling groove of the fixed hook 120, the rotary key 150 rotates clockwise and the

rotary key protrusion 151 is automatically lifted. Then, as soon as the first coupling

pin 11 is seated on the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120, the rotary key 150

rotates counterclockwise and the rotary key protrusion 151 moves downward. Here,

because the rotary key 150 is locked so as not to further rotate counterclockwise, the

first coupling pin 11 is not detached from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120.

In this way, the rotary key 150 can mechanically automatically fix the first coupling

pin 11.

The stopper 160 includes a stopper hook 161 coupled to or separated from a

cylinder hook 141c. The stopper 160 is supported by an elastic force of stopper

springs 162. The stopper springs 162 may be formed as a torsion spring. The

stopper 160 rotates the rotary key 150 so that the rotary key protrusion 151 is

withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs the contraction operation while the stopper hook 161 is coupled to the cylinder hook 141c.

The stopper 160 may include stopper wings 160a at left and right sides. The

stopper wings 160a extend to an upper end of a stopper guide 116 of the frame 111.

The stopper wings 160a collide with an inclined surface 116a of an upper end of the

stopper guide 116 and makes the stopper 160 vertically move.

That is, when the stopper wings 160a move along the inclined surface I16a of

the upper end of the stopper guide 116 and reaches a predetermined position, the

stopper wings 160a lift the stopper 160 due to the shape of the upper end of the

stopper guide 116. Consequently, coupling between the stopper hook 161 and the

cylinder hook 141c is released. Here, the slot 141a which has an elliptical shape

makes the cylinder shaft portion 141b to simultaneously descend at a position at

which the cylinder hook 141c is released from the stopper hook 161, thereby

allowing the stopper 160 and the cylinder shaft portion 141b to be completely

released from each other.

An intermediate body 166 may be arranged between the stopper 160 and the

rotary key 150. The intermediate body 166 has a central portion rotatably coupled

to the coupler body 110 while one side portion is rotatably coupled to the stopper 160.

As the one side portion of the intermediate body 166 is pulled by the stopper 160, the

other side portion thereof withdraws the rotary key protrusion 151 from the coupling

groove of the fixed hook 120.

That is, the intermediate body 166 may be coupled to an intermediate body

shaft 117 protruding from the frame 111 and rotate about the intermediate body shaft

117. The intermediate body 166 interferes with the rotary key 150 while rotating

and causes rotation of the rotary key 150. The intermediate body 166 has the stopper springs 162 installed at left and right sides and is connected to the stopper

160 via a stopper shaft 163 at an upper end. Consequently, the stopper 160 may

also be elastically biased downward by the stopper springs 162.

An upper end of the intermediate body 166 may be coupled to the stopper

160 at the left side via the stopper shaft 163. Consequently, when the stopper 160

horizontally moves, the intermediate body 166 also rotates about the intermediate

body shaft 117. When the intermediate body 166 rotates, the stopper 160 also

horizontally moves.

A rotary key wing 150a may be disposed at the left side of the rotary key 150.

The rotary key wing 150a overlaps the intermediate body 166 at a side surface.

When the intermediate body 166 rotates counterclockwise, the rotary key wing 150a

interferes with the intermediate body 166 and is lifted. Consequently, because the

rotary key 150 rotates clockwise, the rotary key protrusion 151 is lifted above the

fixed hook 120. Conversely, when the rotary key protrusion 151 is pushed upward

by the first coupling pin 11 and located at an upper end of the fixed hook 120,

rotation of the intermediate body 166 does not occur.

The action of the stopper 160 will be described. Because the stopper 160 is

elastically biased downward by the stopper springs 162, when the stopper hook 161

is located at an upper end of the left side of the cylinder hook 141c, the stopper hook

161 is automatically coupled to the cylinder hook 141a.

In this state, when the cylinder shaft portion 141b of the hydraulic cylinder

140 moves leftward, the cylinder hook 141c pulls the stopper hook 161 leftward.

Here, because the cylinder shaft portion 141b moves leftward along the slot 141a, the

intermediate body 166 rotates counterclockwise about the intermediate body shaft

117 as the stopper 160 is pulled leftward. Consequently, as the rotary key 150 rotates clockwise, the rotary key protrusion 151 is lifted to the upper end of the fixed hook 120.

Then, when the first coupling pin 11 completely exits the coupling groove of

the fixed hook 120, the intermediate body 166 automatically rotates clockwise, the

rotary key 150 rotates counterclockwise, and the rotary key protrusion 151 moves

downward to a lower end of the fixed hook 120. As a result, the first coupling pin

11 of the attachment 10 can be completely released from the quick coupler.

A locking mechanism may be provided at the mobile hook 130. The

locking mechanism locks the mobile hook 130 to prevent the second coupling pin 12

from being detached from the mobile hook 130 while the mobile hook 130 is coupled

to the second coupling pin 12 when the coupler body 110 is located at positions other

than that at an angle for mounting or releasing the attachment 10.

The locking mechanism may include a gab 171 and a weight 176. The gab

171 is rotatably coupled to the coupler body 110 to limit a movement range of the

mobile hook hinge shaft 131 while the mobile hook 130 is coupled to the second

coupling pin 12.

The gab 171 may be arranged at the left side of the mobile hook hinge shaft

131. The gab 171 rotates about a gab shaft 118 at an upper end of the mobile hook

hinge shaft 131. A gab hook 172 is disposed at a front end of the gab 171. The

gab hook 172 allows the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 to be locked. A flat portion

131a is provided at a front end of the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 so that it is easy

for the gab 171 to lock the mobile hook hinge shaft 131.

The quick coupler mounts or releases the attachment 10 while the attachment

10 is placed on the ground. Here, the gab 171 may be located by being rotated so as

not to lock the mobile hook hinge shaft 131.

The weight 176 is rotatably coupled to the coupler body 110 to apply a load

to the gab 171 while the gab 171 is locking the mobile hook hinge shaft 131. The

weight 176 may be arranged at the left of the gab 171. The weight 176 freely

rotates due to gravity about a weight shaft 119 at a lower end of the gab 171. The

weight shaft 119 protrudes from the frame 111. The weight 176 is relatively

heavier than the gab 171 and may be formed of an iron material having a thickness of

about 7 cm.

The weight 176 may change the position of the gab 171 having a relatively

light weight. That is, a relatively angle of inclination of the gab 171 with respect to

the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 may change according to the position of the weight

176. Here, because an angle of inclination in which the mobile hook hinge shaft

131 can move without being interfered by the gab 171 is determined according to the

shapes and positions of the gab 171 and the weight 176, the shapes and positions of

the gab 171 and the weight 176 may change according to a desired angle of

inclination.

An example of actions of the gab 171 and the weight 176 will be described

with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. As illustrated in FIG. 6, while the quick coupler is

located at an angle at which the attachment 10 may fall during work, no matter how

hard a driver may advertently operate the hydraulic cylinder 140 to release the

second coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10 from the quick coupler, the releasing is

impossible. This is because, even when the hydraulic cylinder 140 is contracted,

the cylinder rod 142 is caught in the gab hook 172 of the gab 171 and cannot be

contracted more.

Further, in this state, even when the cylinder rod 142 of the hydraulic cylinder

140 is broken during work as illustrated in FIG. 7, because the gab 171 locks the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 and the mobile hook 130 is not opened by a predetermined interval or more, the second coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10 is unable to exit the mobile hook 130. Even when the hydraulic cylinder 140 is naturally contracted due to internal leakage of oil or an incorrect operation occurs due to a failure of a switch that is caused by an overload current flowing to a quick coupler controller, the second coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10 cannot be released from the quick coupler due to the gab 171.

In this way, when the quick coupler is located at a predetermined angle,e.g.

only when the quick coupler is located at an angle of mounting or demounting the

attachment 10, the releasing is possible according to normal extension and

contraction operations of the hydraulic cylinder 140, and when the quick coupler is

located at other angles, the gab 171 is located at a position of locking the mobile

hook hinge shaft 131 due to the action of the weight 176, and the attachment 10

cannot be released.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, a weight 176' according to another example may be

arranged above a gab 171'. The gab 171' may include protrusions 171a' at an

upper end. A lower end portion of the weight 176' is inserted between the

protrusions 171a'.

The weight 176' is installed to rotate about a weight shaft 119' at a cover

110a of the quick coupler. The weight 176' may cause an angle of inclination of

the gab 171 to change according to the position of the weight 176'. The weights

176 and 176' may be installed anywhere in the frame 111 and are not necessarily

installed at a shaft protruding from the frame 111. The weights 176 and 176' may

be installed in various ways within the scope in which the above-described functions

are performed.

Because the above-described quick coupler is able to secure a relatively large

empty inner space, when impurities or the like enter the inner space, the impurities

can immediately exit the inner space without the possibility of assigning load or

applying pressure to elements such as the hydraulic cylinder located in the inner

space of the quick coupler. Consequently, problems such as an incorrect operation

of an element inside the quick coupler do not occur.

A process in which the quick coupler according to an embodiment of the

present disclosure is mounted to or separated from the attachment 10 will be

described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13.

First, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the bottom of the attachment 10 is placed on a

ground 1. In this state, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the quick coupler moves and

allows the first coupling pin 11 of the attachment 10 to enter the coupling groove of

the fixed hook 120. Here, the first coupling pin 11 enters by pushing the rotary key

protrusion 151, and accordingly, the rotary key protrusion 151 rotates clockwise, is

withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120, and is lifted.

Then, when the first coupling pin 11 is completely seated on the coupling

groove of the fixed hook 120, the rotary key 151 rotates counterclockwise due to the

rotary key springs 152 and is inserted again into the coupling groove of the fixed

hook 120 so that the rotary key protrusion 151 blocks 1/3 or more of an inlet of the

fixed hook 120. Consequently, the first coupling pin 11 may be fixed to the

coupling groove of the fixed hook 120. In this state, at the mobile hook 130, the

weight 176 heads downward due to gravity, and the gab 171 is located so as not to

lock the mobile hook hinge shaft 131 by the weight 176.

Then, when the hydraulic cylinder 140 extends as illustrated in FIG. 11, the

mobile hook 130 rotates counterclockwise about the mobile hook shaft 112, and the second coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10 is coupled to a coupling groove of the mobile hook 130.

In this way, when the fixed hook 120 and the mobile hook 130 are

respectively coupled to the first coupling pin 11 and the second coupling pin 12, the

attachment 10 is not released from the quick coupler in a process in which work such

as excavation is performed. This is because the first coupling pin 11 coupled to the

fixed hook 120 cannot be detached from the fixed hook 120 due to the angle of the

fixed hook 120 and the rotary key protrusion 171, and the second coupling pin 12

cannot be detached from the mobile hook 130 due to the gab 171 even when the

hydraulic cylinder 140 is contracted by operation mistake of a worker, is damaged, or

is unable to perform its own function.

Then, the attachment 10 can be released from the quick coupler as below

from the state of being mounted to the quick coupler. When the bottom of the

attachment 10 reaches the ground, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the quick coupler has an

angle of inclination that is the same as when the attachment 10 is initially mounted.

In this state, as illustrated in FIG. 12, when the hydraulic cylinder 140

performs the contraction operation, the mobile hook 130 rotates clockwise about the

mobile hook shaft 112 without being locked by the gab 171. Then, when the

mobile hook 130 stops due to the lower end panel 114, the cylinder shaft portion

141b moves leftward due to further contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 140.

Accordingly, because the stopper hook 161 is pulled leftward while being coupled to

the cylinder hook 141c, the intermediate body 166 rotates counterclockwise, and the

rotary key protrusion 151 is withdrawn from the fixed hook 120. Consequently, the

first coupling pin 11 may be detached from the fixed hook 120.

In this state, as illustrated in FIG. 13, when the cylinder body 141 further

moves leftward due to the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140, the

stopper hook 161 is detached from the cylinder hook 141c. Here, the cylinder body

141 descends by being guided by the slot 141a of the cylinder shaft portion 141b and

is able to assist detachment of the stopper hook 161. As a result, the stopper 160

moves rightward. Further, as the rotary key 150 rotates counterclockwise, the

intermediate body 166 rotates clockwise while the rotary key protrusion 151 is

inserted into the fixed hook 120. As a result, the attachment 10 can be completely

released from the quick coupler.

As another example, as illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15, a rotary key 150' may

be mounted to the cylinder shaft 113. The rotary key 150' has a shaft hole 150a'

fitted to the cylinder shaft 113. The rotary key is formed in the shape of covering

the upper end of the intermediate body 166.

During the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140, the stopper

160 is pulled while the stopper hook 161 is engaged with the cylinder hook 141c, and

here, the intermediate body 166 rotates counterclockwise and lifts the rotary key 150'.

Then, when the first coupling pin 11 is separated from the fixed hook 120, the

stopper 160 is lifted by a stopper protrusion 153' of the rotary key 150'.

Consequently, after the stopper hook 161 is released from the cylinder hook 141c,

the intermediate body 166 rotates clockwise, and the rotary key 150' moves

downward to the lower end.

As another example, as illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17, a rotary key 150" may

be directly coupled to a stopper 160" while the intermediate body 166 is omitted.

The stopper 160" is rotatably coupled to the rotary key 150" via a stopper shaft

160a". When the stopper 160" is pulled by the cylinder shaft portion 141b due to the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140, the stopper 160" directly lifts the rotary key 150". Also, the rotary key 150" may be mounted to the cylinder shaft 113.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a quick coupler according to another

embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 19 is a perspective view of FG. 18.

FIG. 20 is a view illustrating a state in which an extension operation is performed by

a hydraulic cylinder in FIG. 18. FIG. 21 is a view illustrating an action example of

a stopper weight in FIG. 20.

Referring to FIGS. 18 to 21, in the quick coupler, a rotary key 250 is

rotatably coupled to the rotary key shaft 115 of the frame 111, and a stopper 260 is

rotatably coupled to the rotary key 250. The rotary key 250 may be rotatably

coupled to the stopper 260 via a stopper shaft 263. The rotary key 250 is elastically

biased so that a rotary key protrusion 251 is located in the coupling groove of the

fixed hook 120 due to a rotary key spring 252.

A stopper spring 262 may be elastically deformed due to the rotary key 250

when a stopper hook 261 is separated from the cylinder hook 141c and apply an

elastic force to the stopper 260. The stopper spring 262 may be formed as a torsion

spring. The stopper spring 262 has a central portion fitted to the rotary key shaft

115. The stopper spring 262 has one side portion, which is withdrawn from the

central portion arranged to come into contact with the frame 111, and the other side

portion, which is withdrawn from the central portion bent to come into contact with

an upper end of the rotary key 250 and then bent to come into contact with a lower

central portion of the stopper 260. Consequently, the stopper spring 262 supports

the rotary key 250 and the stopper 260 between them.

When the stopper hook 261 is coupled to the cylinder hook 141c while the

contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140 is not completely performed, the

stopper spring 262 does not provide an elastic force to the stopper 260.

As illustrated in FIG. 18, in a state in which a roller 253 of the rotary key

protrusion 251 enters and is located in the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120

during the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140, the roller 253 is lifted

when the first coupling pin I Ienters the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 or is

separated from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120. Thus, the stopper hook

261 moves toward the cylinder hook 141c and forms an interval that allows

detachment from the cylinder hook 141c, and the upper end of the rotary key 250 is

lifted. Here, the upper end of the rotary key 250 lifts a portion of the stopper spring

262 adjacent thereto, and the stopper spring 262 supports the stopper 260.

Consequently, the stopper hook 261 receives an elastic force for detaching from the

cylinder hook 141c, is detached from the cylinder hook 141c, and is placed on a right

side of an end of the cylinder hook 141c. Here, the stopper hook 261 maintains to

be in contact with the right side of the end of the cylinder hook 141c due to the

stopper spring 162.

The roller 253 may be rotatably mounted to the rotary key protrusion 251.

The roller 253 converts a frictional force that is generated when the first coupling pin

11 enters or is detached from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 into rotation

of the rotary key protrusion 251 and minimizes friction to reduce wear. While the

stopper hook 261 is in contact with the cylinder hook 141c and towed during the

contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140, the roller 253 is located at an

upper end in the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120. When the first coupling

pin I Iis detached from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120, the roller 253 is pushed by the first coupling pin I Iand allows the rotary key 250 to rotate clockwise.

As a result, the stopper hook 261 can be separated from the cylinder hook 141c.

An example of actions of the rotary key 250 and the stopper 260 will be

described below. When the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs the contraction

operation so that a mobile hook 230 is completely narrowed toward the fixed hook

120, the stopper hook 261 comes into contact with the cylinder hook 141c and is

towed, and the roller 253 is located in a standby state in which the roller 253

protrudes from the upper end of the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120. In this

state, when the first coupling pin 11 enters the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120

or is detached from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120, the roller 253 is

pushed and lifted by the first coupling pin 11, and the stopper hook 261 and the

cylinder hook 141c begin to be detached from each other. When the first coupling

pin I Iis seated on the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120, the roller 253 returns

to the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 due to the rotary key spring 252. Here,

the stopper hook 261 may be detached from the cylinder hook 141c from the state of

being engaged with the cylinder hook 141c and be placed on a right side of anupper

end of the cylinder hook 141c.

Then, when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs the extension operation, as

illustrated in FIG. 20, the cylinder hook 141c moves toward the rotary key 250, is

coupled to the stopper hook 261, and comes into contact with a lower end of the

stopper 260. Here, because the stopper 260 is not locked by the cylinder hook 141c,

the stopper 260, which lost a towing force, and the rotary key 250 sharply rotate

counterclockwise due to elastic forces of the stopper spring 262 and the rotary key

spring 252 and come into contact with a portion of the frame 111 located at a right

side of the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 so that the rotary key 250 is locked so as not to further rotate counterclockwise. Consequently, the first coupling pin 11 is not detached from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120 due to the rotary key protrusion 251.

Then, when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs the contraction operation,

the stopper 260 rotating by the stopper shaft 263 at the rotary key 250 is towed

leftward by the cylinder hook 141c, and accordingly, the rotary key 250 rotates

clockwise, and the rotary key protrusion 251 is located at the upper end of the

coupling groove of the fixed hook 120. In this state, when the first coupling pin 11

moves in a direction of detaching from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120,

the roller 253 is pushed upward by the first coupling pin 11. Accordingly, an

interval at which the stopper hook 261 may be detached from the portion at which

the stopper hook 261 is engaged with the cylinder hook 141c is generated. Here,

because the stopper spring 262 is supported at the upper end of the rotary key 250,

the stopper hook 261 is detached from the cylinder hook 141c. After the

detachment of the first coupling pin 11, the rotary key protrusion 251 is returned to

its original position due to the rotary key spring 252.

As illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 21, a stopper weight 264 may be disposed at

one side of the stopper 260. The stopper weight 264 locks the hydraulic cylinder

when the coupler body 110 is located at positions other than that at an angle for

mounting or releasing the attachment 10.

One end of the stopper weight 264 is rotatably coupled to the frame 111, and

the other end of the stopper weight 264 includes a weight hook 264a. The weight

hook 264a is coupled to or separated from the cylinder hook 141c.

In a state in which the fixed hook 120 is lifted and an angle of inclination of

the quick coupler is about 650, when the hydraulic cylinder 140 attempts to perform the contraction operation so that the mobile hook 230 is completely narrowed, the weight hook 264a is separated from the cylinder hook 141c. Also, when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs the extension operation while the angle of inclination of the quick coupler is 650 or smaller, the weight hook 264a is coupled to the cylinder hook 141c. Consequently, even when the hydraulic cylinder 140 is damaged or a first weight 271 and a second weight 276 do not operate in a process in which work such as excavation is performed, the hydraulic cylinder 140 is locked by the stopper weight 264 and does not move toward the mobile hook 230.

The mobile hook 230 may rotate in a direction away from the fixed hook 120

and be fitted to the second coupling pin 12 when the hydraulic cylinder 140 performs

the extension operation. For example, when the mobile hook 230 is arranged at the

left of the fixed hook 120, the mobile hook 230 may rotate clockwise and be fitted to

the second coupling pin 12. Although a slot 241a of the hydraulic cylinder 140 is

illustrated as being formed to horizontally move with respect to the cylinder shaft

113, embodiments are not limited thereto.

The mobile hook 230 has a coupling groove to which the second coupling pin

12 is fitted formed at one end and a mobile hook protrusion 231 protruding in the

direction away from the fixed hook 120 formed at the opposite end. The locking

mechanism may include the first weight 271.

One end of the first weight 271 is rotatably coupled to the coupler body 110,

i.e., a weight shaft 219 of the frame 111, and the other end of the first weight 271

includes a first locking part 272 configured to interact with the mobile hook

protrusion 231 and limit a movement range of the mobile hook protrusion 231 while

the mobile hook 230 is coupled to the second coupling pin 12. The first locking

part 272 may be formed in the shape of a groove recessed from an outer side surface of the first weight 271. The first locking part 272 may have an inclined surface at a portion far from the mobile hook protrusion 231.

When the mobile hook 230 rotates counterclockwise to be fitted to the second

coupling pin 12 in a state in which the first locking part 272 is deviated from the

mobile hook protrusion 231 the first weight 271 rotates clockwise, and the mobile

hook protrusion 231 is fitted to the first locking part 272. In this state, even when

the hydraulic cylinder 140 is damaged in a process in which work such as excavation

is performed, because the first locking part 272 locks the mobile hook protrusion 231

and the mobile hook 230 is not opened by a predetermined interval or more, the

second coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10 is unable to exit the mobile hook 230.

The locking mechanism may further include the second weight 276. One

end of the second weight 276 is rotatably coupled to the weight shaft 219, and the

other end of the second weight 276 includes a second locking part 277 configured to

interact with the mobile hook protrusion 231 and limit the movement range of the

mobile hook protrusion 231 while the mobile hook 230 is coupled to the second

coupling pin 12.

The second locking part 277 may be formed in the same shape as the first

locking part 272. However, a length from the weight shaft 219 to the second

locking part 277 may be formed to be different from a length between the first

locking part 272 and the weight shaft 219. For example. the length from the weight

shaft 219 to the second locking part 277 may be formed to be longer than the length

between the first locking part 272 and the weight shaft 219.

An interval between the first coupling pin 11 and the second coupling pin 12

may be different according to types of the attachment 10. When the interval

between the first coupling pin 11 and the second coupling pin 12 is small as illustrated in FIG. 21, because a distance in which the mobile hook 230 rotates counterclockwise is small, the mobile hook protrusion 231 enters only the first locking part 272 and remains deviated from the second locking part 277.

Consequently, the mobile hook protrusion 231 is locked by the first locking part 272,

and detachment of the second coupling pin 12 from the mobile hook 230 can be

prevented.

When the interval between the first coupling pin 11 and the second coupling

pin 12 is large as illustrated in FIG. 22, because the distance in which the mobile

hook 230 rotates counterclockwise is large, the mobile hook protrusion 231 enters

both the first locking part 272 and the second locking part 277. In this state, even

when the hydraulic cylinder 140 is damaged in a process in which work such as

excavation is performed, the mobile hook protrusion 231 is locked by the second

locking part 277. and the detachment of the second coupling pin 12 from the mobile

hook 230 can be prevented.

The locking mechanism may include weight springs 273. The weight

springs 273 elastically bias the first weight 271 and the second weight 276 toward

the mobile hook protrusion 231. Consequently, when the mobile hook 230 rotates

counterclockwise to be fitted to the second coupling pin 12, the first weight 271 and

the second weight 276 quickly rotate clockwise, and the mobile hook protrusion 231

may be fitted to the first locking part 272 and the second locking part 277. The

weight springs 273 may be formed as compression coil springs and respectively

installed between the cover 110a and the first and second weights 271 and 276.

When the quick coupler is located at an angle for releasing the attachment 10

as illustrated in FIG. 23, forces due to the weight springs 273 may be set to be

smaller than forces due to loads of the first weight 271 and the second weight 276 so that the first weight 271 and the second weight 276 deviate from the mobile hook protrusion 231. Consequently, when the height of the fixed hook 120 is larger than the height of the mobile hook 230, the first weight 271 may be located so as not to lock the mobile hook protrusion 231. Here, the second weight 276 may also be located so as not to lock the mobile hook protrusion 231.

Also, when the quick coupler is located to mount or release the second

coupling pin 12 of the attachment 10, because the stopper weight 264 rotates to a

position at which it is easy for the weight hook 264a to be detached from the cylinder

hook 141c, the weight hook 264a may be separated from the cylinder hook 141c

during the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder.

When performing the contraction operation, the hydraulic cylinder 140 may

be configured to perform the contraction operation after a delay of a predetermined

amount of time, e.g., about 3 seconds, from a time point at which the rotary key

protrusion 151 is withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook 120. When

the hydraulic cylinder 140 is delayed for about 3 seconds while the rotary key

protrusion 151 is lifted due to the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140,

time at which the rotary key protrusion 151 moves downward may be delayed.

Consequently, a phenomenon in which the rotary key protrusion immediately moves

downward and blocks the fixed hook 120 before the first coupling pin 11 is detached

from the fixed hook 120 can be prevented.

The hydraulic cylinder 140 will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 to 27.

Here, FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an inside of a hydraulic cylinder.

FIG. 25 is a view illustrating a piston head in FIG. 24. FIG. 26 is a view illustrating

a region A in FIG. 24. FIG. 27 is a view illustrating a contraction operation of the

hydraulic cylinder in FIG. 26.

The cylinder body 141 is divided into a rod space x at a portion of the

cylinder rod 142 and a shaft portion space y at a portion of the cylinder shaft portion

by a piston head 143. A moving direction of the piston head 143 is determined

according to which of the rod space x and the shaft portion space y an oil is supplied.

Partitions 143a, 143b, 143c, and 143d may be formed in the piston head 143. A

piston seal (not illustrated) may be mounted in a seal space 143e between the

partitions 143a and 143b and a seal space 143f between the partitions 143c and 143d.

A plug 144 is accommodated in an inner space of the piston head 143. A

plug spring 145 is mounted in an inner space of the plug 144. A washer 146 is

mounted at an opening of the plug 144 and prevents the plug spring 145 from being

detached from the plug 144.

A protrusion is formed at a lower end of the plug 144. The protrusion

allows an oil discharge central hole 147a to be blocked as the plug 144 moves. A

pug through-hole 144a smaller than the oil discharge central hole 147a is disposed at

the center of the protrusion. The plug 144 serves to adjust a flow rate by blocking

or opening the oil discharge central hole 147a while moving in the inner space of the

piston head 143 according to a direction of the oil and the position of the piston head

143 to allow an operation speed of the hydraulic cylinder 140 to change.

That is, an oil discharge passage 147b which is radially formed is included

from the oil discharge central hole 147a to an oil space 143g between the partition

143b and the partition 143c. The oil space 143g and the oil discharge central hole

147a communicate via the oil discharge passage 147b, and the oil discharge central

hole 147a communicates with the inner space of the piston head 143. The plug 144

serves to open or close a portion between the oil discharge central hole 147a and the inner space of the piston head 143 while reciprocating in a space between the oil discharge central hole 147a and a head opening 143h.

Due to this structure, the oil moves from the head opening 143h to the oil

discharge central hole 147a via the inside of the plug 144 and the plug through-hole

144a and then flows back to the oil space 143g via the oil discharge passage 147b.

Conversely, the oil flows from the oil space 143g to the oil discharge central hole

147a via the oil discharge passage 147b. Here, due to a pressure of the oil, the plug

144 is pushed toward the head opening 143h. Accordingly, a portion of the oil

flows to the head opening 143h via the plug through-hole 144a, and most of the oil

flows along a sidewall of the plug 144 and then flows to the head opening 143h via a

side hole 144b of the plug 144.

As illustrated in FIGS. 26 and 27, when oil is injected via a rod pipe 148a for

the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140, the oil is supplied to the rod

space x, and the cylinder rod 142 moves into the cylinder body 141. Here, the oil

that was in the shaft portion space y exits via a shaft portion pipe 148b.

Until the partition 143d of the piston head 143 reaches an inlet of the shaft

portion pipe 148b, because a discharge flow rate of the oil is constant, the speed of

the hydraulic cylinder 140 is not changed. However, when the partition 143d

passes the position of the shaft portion pipe 148b, the piston seal in the seal space

143f blocks the shaft portion pipe 148b. Consequently, the oil in the shaft portion

space y is unable to exit the shaft portion pipe 148b.

The oil in the shaft portion space y exists via the head opening 143h, the

inside of the plug 144, and the plug through-hole 144a, flows from the oil discharge

central hole 147a to the oil discharge passage 147b, and then finally flows to the

shaft portion pipe 148b. Here, because an amount of the oil flowing to the shaft portion pipe 148b is very small, a speed of the cylinder rod 142 moving into the cylinder body 141 is considerably decreased. Consequently, the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 140 may be delayed for about 3 seconds.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to the

embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the embodiments are merely

illustrative, and one of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various

modifications and other equivalent embodiments are possible from the above

embodiments. Consequently, the actual scope of the present disclosure should be

defined only by the claims below.

Claims

[CLAIMS]

[Claim 1]

A quick coupler located at a front end of an arm of a boom pole disposed in

heavy equipment to attach or detach an attachment, the quick coupler comprising:

a coupler body connected to the front end of the arm of the heavy equipment;

a fixed hook formed in the coupler body and to which a first coupling pin of

the attachment is fitted;

a mobile hook rotatably coupled to the coupler body and to which a second

coupling pin of the attachment is fitted;

a hydraulic cylinder having a slot formed in any one of a cylinder rod and a

cylinder body and fitted to a cylinder shaft of the coupler body and the other one

rotatably coupled to the mobile hook, including a cylinder hook formed near the slot,

and configured to rotate the mobile hook to be coupled to or released from the

second coupling pin according to an extension or contraction operation;

a rotary key rotatably coupled to the coupler body, including a rotary key

protrusion that is inserted into or withdrawn from a coupling groove of the fixed

hook according to a rotary position, wherein the rotary key protrusion is maintained

in a state of being inserted into the coupling groove of the fixed hook by an elastic

force of a rotary key spring and prevents detachment of the first coupling pin from

the coupling groove of the fixed hook; and

a stopper including a stopper hook coupled to or separated from the cylinder

hook, supported by an elastic force of a stopper spring, and configured to rotate the

rotary key so that the rotary key protrusion is withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook during a contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder in a state in which the stopper hook is coupled to the cylinder hook.
[Claim 2]

The quick coupler of claim 1, wherein:

the stopper is rotatably coupled to the rotary key; and

the stopper spring is elastically deformed by the rotary key when the stopper

hook is separated from the cylinder hook to apply an elastic force to the stopper.
[Claim 3]

The quick coupler of claim 2, further comprising a stopper weight configured

to lock the hydraulic cylinder when the coupler body is located at positions other

than that at an angle for mounting or releasing the attachment,

wherein the stopper weight has a weight hook having one end rotatably

coupled to the attachment and the other end coupled to or released from the cylinder

hook.
[Claim 4]

The quick coupler of claim 1, further comprising an intermediate body having

a central portion rotatably coupled to the coupler body while one side portion is

rotatably coupled to the stopper, wherein, as the one side portion is pulled by the

stopper, the other side portion pulls the rotary key and withdraws the rotary key

protrusion from the coupling groove of the fixed hook.
[Claim 5]

The quick coupler of claim 1, wherein the rotary key is rotatably coupled to

the cylinder shaft.
[Claim 6]

The quick coupler of claim 1, wherein, when performing the contraction

operation, the hydraulic cylinder performs the contraction operation after a delay of a

predetermined amount of time from a time point at which the rotary key protrusion is

withdrawn from the coupling groove of the fixed hook.