AU2016367395B2 - Aerosol product - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an aerosol insecticide product that is effective against both flying and crawling insects with a discrete dispensing mode for each type of insect.

Description

Aerosol Product

Back ground to the invention

The invention relates to an insecticide aerosol product with at least two different dispensing

options or methods. Wherein the dispensing methods relate to the physical properties of the

dispensed aerosol.

Aerosol insecticide products are well known and popular products. They are highly effective at

dispensing and dispersing insecticide actives for use in the home.

Their popularity stems from the fact that aerosols require no external power source allowing them

to be used anywhere. Further they provide rapid and targeted active release, just when needed.

Problem Insects in the home can be broadly divided into two groupings:

1) The flying insects such as flys and mosquitos; and

2) The crawling insects, such as cockroaches.

Unfortunately these two different types of insect have usually required two separate aerosol

insecticide products to give effective performance. This is because the two types of insects require

different physical spray and/or chemical formulation parameters to work well. Usually insecticide

aerosol products sold are either suitable for use as a "crawling insect killer" (CK) product or a

"flying insect killer" (FIK) product.

While generic products have long existed, usually named "all insect killer" (AIK) products, their

performance is always based on a compromise and they are not fully effective for either flying or

crawling insects types.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the

disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

Summary of the invention

An insecticide aerosol product containing a single insecticide formulation, wherein the insecticide

formulation comprises at least one propellant and at least one insecticidal active ingredient;

wherein the at least one insecticidal active comprises a pyrethroid active and further comprises

at least 0.01% by weight of the single insecticide formulation and further wherein the aerosol

product is arranged such that it can alternatively dispense the single insecticide formulation into one of at least two different spray modes; wherein the first spray mode has an average particle size of between 10 and 40 microns, and the second spray mode has an average particle size of between 45 and 250 microns.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the

words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as

opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of "including, but not

limited to".

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 details an embodiment of the present invention utilising a coarse spray suitable for use

on crawling insects.

Figure 2 details the same embodiment dispensing a very fine spray suitable for use against flying

insects.

Detailed description of the invention

The applicants have found that an effective solution to the problem of an effective AIK aerosol

product is enabled with the development of an aerosol product with a single insecticide active

formulation but with at least two different spray outputs. At least one suitable being suitable for

FIK action. And at least one being one suitable for ClK action.

The product of the present invention comprises a single aerosol formulation with the ability to

release the formulation in one of at least two different spray outputs.

US 5,385,303 discloses an aerosol product having a plurality of spray settings, each having been

optimised in terms of flow rate particle size and spray pattern for a particular use. The disclosure

of this document is herein incorporated by reference.

US 3,246,850 discloses a spray apparatus for spraying liquid from pressurized containers. The

broad concept of the present invention resides in an improved spray head for spraying liquid in

any one of', two or more combinations of spray patterns, and/or atomized liquid droplet sizes

from a container for the product. The disclosure of this document is herein incorporated by

reference.

US 4,690,312 discloses an aerosol product for dispensing a product selectively as a spray or a fog. The assembly has an overcap and a nozzle device which can be attached to the overcap outlet and is rotatable or otherwise movable between two positions relative to the overcap. The disclosure of this document is herein incorporated by reference.

Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an

admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the

field.

The invention is not limited to one particular arrangement for achieving the two different spray

outputs. Nor is it limited to one particular method of switching between the output modes. As

shown by the prior art examples above, there are many technical solutions to the problem of

obtaining two or more different spray modes from a single aerosol can.

The important aspect for the present invention is the tuning of the outputs to give the desired physical properties. Preferably the aerosol composition of the present invention is suitable for

direct or indirect application to an insect. For example, the aerosol composition may be sprayed

at the insect to contact it directly or alternatively or in addition to this, the aerosol composition

may be used as a surface spray such that the insect comes into contact with a surface that has

been sprayed with the aerosol composition. In another embodiment, the aerosol composition is

also suitable for targeting a surface or area of insect infestation, or breeding areas. Preferably,

the aerosol composition is either sprayed directly at the insect or onto a contaminated surface.

It has been found that for FIK, the product works more effectively when the spray output has an

average particle size between10 and 40 microns.

For the purposes of the present invention average particle size means that at least 90% of the

particles of the spray output having a size between the figures quoted.

This means the output is a fine spray, which readily dissipates into the air. This enables the active

ingredients to be very effectively dispersed into the air.

It has been found that for CK, the product works more effectively when the spray output has a

particle size of at least 45 microns.

Preferably between 50 and 500 microns, more preferably between 60 and 250 microns and most preferably between 75 and 150 microns.

This spray output gives more substantial droplets. This is more effective in dealing with crawling

insects as the spray output is heavier and coats surfaces rather than dissipating into the air.

The skilled person can readily modify the actuators, valves, inserts and spray heads of the prior

art to provide finer or more substantial particles sizes as required.

Insecticide actives

Formulations of the present invention contain at least 0.01% by weight of at least one insecticidal

active.

Any insecticide actives may be used in the present invention. A particularly preferred group are

the synthetic pyrethroids.

Pyrethrins refer to a group of closely related esters extracted from the Pyrethrum flower

(Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium). These compounds are effective pesticides. Pyrethroids are

any of several synthetic compounds chemically related to pyrethrin, having insecticidal activity.

For example permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid useful for killing adult mosquitoes.

Pyrethroids tend to have a relatively low degree of toxicity to humans and animals and hence are

desirable to use for pest control. Aerosol formulations containing pyrethroids have the added

desirability of effectively delivering small amounts of insecticide due to the dispersion of the active

ingredient and penetrating nature of an aerosol spray.

According an aspect of the present invention one or more synthetic pyrethroids are present in a

total amount of between about 0.01% and about 10 % by weight of the aerosol formulation, more

preferably between about 0.05 %and about 5 % by weight of the aerosol formulation and most

preferably between about 0.1 % and about 1 %by weight of the aerosol formulation.

Alternatively a preferred range of pyrethroid active is between 0.5 % and 1 % by weight of the

aerosol formulation.

Some suitable pyrethroids include but are not limited to; acrinathrin, allethrin,d-allethrin,d-trans

allethrin, d-cis-trans-allethrin, alphamethrin, bathrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, S-bioallethrin,

bioallethrin S-cyclopentyl isomer, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, clocythrin,

chlovaporthrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alphacypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, cis-cypermethrin,

theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenotrin, deltamethrin, depallethrin, empenthrin,

empenthrin (IR isomer), esbiothrin, esfenvalerate, etophenprox, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin,

fenpyrithrin, fenvalerate, flubrocythrinate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, fubfenprox, imiprothrin,

kadethrin, metofluthrin, neopynamine, permethrin, cispermethrin, trans-permethrin, phenothrin, phenothrin (IR-trans isomer), d-phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, protrifenbute, pynamin forte, pyresmethrin, pyrethrin, resmethrin, cis-resmethrin, , silafluofen, tau-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, tetramethrin (phthalthrin), tetramethrin (IR isomer), terallethrin, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, and pyrethrins (pyrethrum).

Preferably the one or more synthetic pyrethroid is selected from the group comprising

imiprothrin, esbiothrin, d-phenothrin, tetramethrin, allethrin, prallethrin, transfluthrin, resmethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, lambdacyhalothrin, cyphenothrin, cyfluthrin and metofluthrin including mixtures and isomers thereof.

As used in this specification, the phrase "mixtures and isomers thereof" is intended to encompass

mixtures of the synthetic pyrethroids specified, isomers of the synthetic pyrethroids specified and

mixtures of the synthetic pyrethroids specified with isomers of the synthetic pyrethroids specified.

In this regard, it is known in the art that many of the pyrethroids used commercially are mixtures

of isomers.

Other insecticides or synergists include, dichlorvos, propoxur, and piperonyl butoxide.

Solvent

The compositions of the present invention are preferably non-aqueous. However the

compositions may comprise oil in water emulsions.

Preferably at least one solvent is incorporated in the compositions of the invention in an amount

of from about 1 %to about 60 % by weight. Generally, the solvent will be water immiscible.

A wide range of solvent materials may be used, although care should be exercised to ensure that

the solvent does not adversely affect insecticidal activity.

Furthermore, it should be noted that combinations of solvents may be used.

Examples of solvents that may be used in the compositions of the invention include: liquid n

paraffins, liquid isoparaffins, cycloalkanes, naphthene-containing solvents, white spirit,

kerosene, aromatic solvents, mineral turpentine, ester solvents, silicone solvents or oils,

terpenes, fatty acids, linear alkylbenzene , dialkyl phthalates, C5-C11 alcohols and fatty alcohols.

Specific examples of these are as follows:

• liquid n-paraffins: Norpar 12, Norpar 13 and Norpar 15 (available from Exxon);

• liquid isoparaffins: Isopar G, Isopar H, Isopar L, Isopar M and Isopar V (available from

Exxon);

• naphthene-containing solvents: Exxsol D40, Exxsol D60, Exxsol D80, Exxsol D100, Exxsol

D110, Nappar 10 (available from Exxon);

• ester solvents: alkyl acetates, examples being Exxate 1000, Exxate 1300 (available from

Exxon), and Coasol (available from Chemoxy International);

• silicone solvents: oils such as Dow Corning 244, 245, 344 and 345 fluids;

• terpenes: eucalyptus oil, cineole, orange oil, limonene;

• fatty amines: soya amines, tallow amines, cocoamines;

• fatty acids: caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid;

• fatty alcohols: octanol, dodecanol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl

alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol;

• aromatic solvents: benzene, xylene.

Preferred solvents are liquid hydrocarbon solvents, n-paraffins and iso-paraffins.

Although the solvent may be incorporated at a level of from about 1 % to 60 %by weight,

preferably the concentration will be in the range of about 2 %to 50 % by weight, most

preferably about 5 %to 35 %by weight.

If the formulation is aqueous based, preferably the solvent will be incorporated at a level from

about 1 %to about 25 % by weight, preferably from about 3 %to about 15 % by weight and

most preferably from about 5 %to about 10 % by weight.

Preferably in aqueous formulations the water will be present between about 10 % and about 60

% by weight.

Propellants

One or more propellants are used in the composition of the invention in a total amount of from

about 2 %to about 80 %by weight. Amongst the propellants that may be used are hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, dimethylether and compressed gas, of which hydrocarbons and fluorocarbons are preferred.

In the case of the hydrocarbon propellants those that may be used are acetylene, methane,

ethane, ethylene, propane, propene, n-butane, n-butene, isobutane, isobutene, pentane,

pentene, isopentane and isopentene. Mixtures of these propellants may also be used. Indeed, it

should be noted that commercially available propellants typically contain a number of

hydrocarbon gases. For example, an odorised commercial butane, available from Boral gas

contains predominantly n-butane and some iso-butane along with small amounts of propane,

propene, pentane and butene.

Preferred hydrocarbon propellants include propane, n-butane, isobutane, pentane and

isopentane, whilst most preferred are propane, iso-butane and n-butane.

Particularly preferred hydrocarbon propellants are mixtures of propane, n-butane and iso-butane.

Preferred fluorocarbon propellants are hydrofluorocarbons such as for example 1,1,1,2

tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227).

Whilst broadly the concentration of hydrocarbon propellant will be from about 2 %to about 90

% by weight generally the concentration will be from about 10 %to about 80 %by weight, preferably

from about 25 %to about 60 %by weight, most preferably about 40 % to about 50 %weight.

When compressed gases are used as a propellant generally these will be carbon dioxide, nitrogen

or air. Usually they will be used at a concentration from about 2 %to about 10 % by weight of the

aerosol formulation preferably about 5% by weight of the aerosol formulation.

The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the pressure in an aerosol package will be

determined by quantity of propellant and/or mixture of propellant types. This pressure will have

a determining effect on spray rates. Hence for any particular valve system, varying the propellant

or propellant mixture will allow for the selection of a desired spray rate.

Likewise for a particular propellant or propellant mixture, it is possible to select a valve, insert and

actuator system to achieve a desired rate and particle size.

Other ingredients

In addition, other ingredients may be included in the aerosol formulations. These include but are

not limited to corrosion inhibitors, dyes, perfumes and fragrances, thickeners, emulsifiers,

stabilizers and preservatives. All may be used as required.

Aerosol canisters

The invention is not limited to a particular type of caninister or other aerosol storage form. Any

known can type or size can be adapted. The only restriction being the requirement for at least

two spray ouputs, with the user able to switch between the at least two outputs as required.

Examples

Non aqueous formulation 1

Ingredient Quantity (%w/w)

Imiprothrin 0.020

Esbiothrin 0.100

d-Phenothrin 0.030

Polyglycerol Oleate 0.200

BHT 0.005

N-Paraffin C1O-C13 19.645

Propellant H46 80.000

Total 100.000

Non-aqueous formulation 2

Ingredient Quantity (%w/w)

Transfluthrin 96.5% 0.57

n-paraffin 49.43

Propellant H46 50.000

Total 100.000

Aqueous formulations.

Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity Ingredient (%w/w) (%w/w) (%w/w) (%w/w)

Active EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 3 EXAMPLE 4 Constituent

Imiprothrin 0.030

Bifenthrin 0.050 0.050

Transfluthrin 0.070

Esbiothrin 0.200

Deltamethrin 0.060 0.060

Deionised 52.653 52.623 52.112 52.137 Water

N-Paraffin 6.000 6.000 7.500 7.500

Polyglycerol 1.200 1.200 0.090 0.090 Oleate

Cellulose

thickener 0.050 0.050

100,000

Triethanolamne 0.004 0.004

Xanthan Gum 0.015

Laponite 0.120

BHT (Butylated Hydroxy 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033

Toluene)

Propellant H46 40.000 40.000 40.000 40.000

Total 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

Ingredients and Availability

Imiprothrin 50% Pralle 50% MUP (Sumitomo Chemical)

Deltamethrin 98% Technical grade active constituent (Gulmohar Pty Ltd)

Bayothrin Transfluthrin Tech Grade (Bayer)

Bifenthrin Technical grade (United Phosphorus Limited - UPL)

Esbiothrin Technical grade ( Sumitomo)

C1O-C13 n-Paraffin N-Paraffin (Sasol Wax)

Emulsogen 607 Polyglycerol Oleate (Clariant)

Cellulose QP Cellulose thickener 100,000 (IMCD)

Triethanolamine Triethanolamine (Redox Pty Ltd)

Laponite Laponite RD (Fernz Specialty Chemicals)

Xanthan Gum 200 Mesh Food Grade (ADM)

BHT Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (Redox Pty Ltd)

Propellant H46 Propane/butane blend (Origin Energy LPG Ltd)

Claims (13)

Claims

1. An insecticide aerosol product containing a single insecticide formulation, wherein the insecticide formulation comprises at least one propellant and at least one insecticidal

active ingredient;

wherein the at least one insecticidal active comprises a pyrethroid active and further

comprises at least 0.01% by weight of the single insecticide formulation: and

wherein the aerosol product is arranged such that it can alternatively dispense the single

insecticide formulation into one of at least two different spray modes; wherein the first

spray mode has an average particle size of between 10-40 microns, and the second

spray mode has an average particle size of between than 45 and 250 microns.

2. The insecticide aerosol product of claim 1 wherein the at least one insecticidal active is

selected from the group consisting of; acrinathrin, allethrin,d-allethrin, d-trans-allethrin,

d-cis-trans-allethrin, alphamethrin, bathrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, S-bioallethrin,

bioallethrin S-cyclopentyl isomer, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, clocythrin, chlovaporthrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin,

gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alphacypermethrin, beta

cypermethrin, cis-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenotrin,

deltamethrin, depallethrin, empenthrin, empenthrin (IR isomer), esbiothrin,

esfenvalerate, etophenprox, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenpyrithrin, fenvalerate, flubrocythrinate,

flucythrinate, flumethrin, fubfenprox, imiprothrin, kadethrin, metofluthrin,

neopynamine, permethrin, cispermethrin, trans-permethrin, phenothrin, phenothrin (IR

trans isomer), d-phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, protrifenbute, pynamin forte,

pyresmethrin, pyrethrin, resmethrin, cis-resmethrin, , silafluofen, tau-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, tetramethrin (phthalthrin), tetramethrin (IR isomer), terallethrin,

tralomethrin, transfluthrin, and pyrethrins (pyrethrum).

3. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the single

insecticide formulation comprises between 0.05 and 20 %by weight of insecticidal active

ingredient.

4. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the single

insecticide formulation comprises between 0.1 and 10% by weight of insecticidal active

ingredient.

5. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the single

insecticide formulation comprises between 0.5 and 5 %by weight of insecticidal active

ingredient.

6. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the single

insecticide formulation comprises two or more insecticidal actives.

7. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the single

insecticide formulation comprises three or more insecticidal actives

8. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the first spray

mode has particle size of 15 to 30 microns and wherein the second spray mode has a

particle size of between 50 and 150 microns.

9. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the

formulation is non-aqueous.

10. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of claims 1 -8 wherein the formulation is

aqueous and preferably comprises an oil in water emulsion.

11. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the

propellant is a hydrocarbon propellant.

12. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of claims 1- 10 wherein the propellant is a

fluorocarbon propellant.

13. The insecticidal aerosol product of any one of the previous claims wherein the product is

contained within a standard aerosol container or canister.