AU2017201164B2 - Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members - Google Patents
Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members Download PDFInfo
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- AU2017201164B2 AU2017201164B2 AU2017201164A AU2017201164A AU2017201164B2 AU 2017201164 B2 AU2017201164 B2 AU 2017201164B2 AU 2017201164 A AU2017201164 A AU 2017201164A AU 2017201164 A AU2017201164 A AU 2017201164A AU 2017201164 B2 AU2017201164 B2 AU 2017201164B2
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- Australia
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- bracket
- roof member
- rods
- pair
- openings
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- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
H:\sbt\lnterwoven\NRPortbl\DCC\SBT\132000161 .docx-21/02/2017 Abstract There is disclosed a bracket for tie-down of a roof member which is supported by a structure, the bracket comprising a bearing portion and first and second pairs of openings 5 which extend through the bracket, the openings of the second pair having a spacing which is greater than the spacing of the openings of the first pair, whereby the bracket can be mounted such that the bearing portion is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of either the first pair or the second pair, according to the spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for 10 effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member.
Description
The present invention relates to a bracket for tying down a building roof member. The present invention also relates to a building structure incorporating the bracket, and a method of tying down a roof member using the bracket. The roofing member can commonly be steel or timber, and the structure supporting the roof in the building can comprise any one or more of a number of materials, including timber, steel and masonry. The invention has particular application to buildings in areas which are prone to heavy winds such as cyclones or hurricanes.
During severe windstorms, particularly cyclones or hurricanes, protruding sections of a building, and in particular the roof, are generally subjected to upward forces - a phenomenon known as uplift. Building safety codes and regulations applying in areas which are prone to such conditions thus require that the roof of a building be robustly tied down.
With reference to Figure IA, such buildings are constructed on a concrete slab C and include a wall structure W comprising a bottom plate B supported on the slab C, a plurality of studs S extending upwardly from the bottom plate B and a top plate T fixed to upper ends of the studs S. Such buildings generally include a roof structure which typically comprises a plurality of trusses U supported on the top plate T and a plurality of tie-down rods R via which the trusses U are anchored to the slab and thus tied down. The rods R may be coupled at their lower ends to starter bars P cast into the slab, and connected at their upper ends to overbrackets O each of which engages a member, such as the top chord of a respective truss U.
The overbracket O can take a variety of conventional forms, a typical one of which is shown in Figures IB and 1C. The bracket O as illustrated in that drawing comprises a pair of flanges D, receivable on the top plate, through which the upper ends of the respective rods R are received, the upper end receiving a nut N to fix the flanges D against the top plate T. The bracket O further comprises a cradle portion E which extends between
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-2flanges D and is received over and around the top chord U and may be secured to opposite side faces of the chord U by bolts (not shown) which penetrate its side walls H. The top wall G of the cradle is arranged at an angle matching the angle of inclination of the roof member it engages so that the loads exerted upon the overbracket O by that member can be distributed through the top wall G. In instances where the cradle engages a horizontal member, the top wall G is arranged to extend horizontally. The spacing between the side walls H of the cradle is set to be the width of the roof member (in this case top chord U). Disadvantageously, the bracket O, consistent with conventional brackets generally, is substantially pitch-specific and, assuming it is not formed from an excess of material, thickness-specific, i.e. it cannot be used with a roof member orientated with a different pitch or having a different width/thickness. If the bracket O is configured specifically for use with a single truss, as shown in Figures IA and IB, it cannot be used with a double or triple truss. If it is configured specifically for use with a double truss, it cannot be used with a triple truss, and cannot be used to the same load capacity with a single truss due to an offset between the tie-down rods R and the face of the roof member engaged by the top wall G. If it is configured for use with a triple truss, it cannot be used with either a single or a double truss to the same load capacity, again due to an offset between the tie-down rods R and the roof member face engaged by top wall G. Moreover, the vertical spacing between the members which the bracket O urges together (in this case the top plate T and top chord U) cannot vary, since the vertical spacing between the base and top wall is fixed.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bracket for 25 tie-down of a roof member which is supported by a structure, the bracket comprising a bearing portion and a pair of openings which extend through the bracket, the bearing portion being receivable flat against the roof member, such that threaded upper ends of a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are receivable through the openings to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member, the bracket being provided with packing against
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-3which the threaded elements are receivable to effect the engagement between the bracket and rods, the packing being configured to bear against the threaded elements at varying angles such that said engagement and clamping can be effected with the bearing portion received flat against the roof member throughout a range of orientations of the roof member about a horizontal axis which extends perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the roof member.
Preferably, the bracket further comprises, in addition to said pair of openings (the first pair), a second pair of openings which extend therethrough, the openings of the second pair having a spacing which is greater than the spacing of the openings of the first pair, whereby the bracket can be mounted such that the bearing portion is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of either the first pair or the second pair, according to the spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the openings in the first and second pairs is set so that they can receive rods arranged on opposite sides of a single truss and a double truss respectively, the single or double truss comprising the roof member.
Preferably, the openings of the first pair are positioned along a first axis and the openings of the second pair are positioned along a second axis, the second axis being angularly offset from the first axis about an axis which is normal to the bearing portion, and the bracket can be mounted in selectable orientations about the normal axis according to whether the rods are received in the openings of the first pair or the holes of the second pair. Preferably, the first and second axes are perpendicular.
Preferably, the bracket further comprises a third pair of openings formed therethrough, the openings of the third pair having a spacing which is greater than the spacing of the openings of the second pair, whereby the bracket can be mounted such that the bearing portion is received flat against the roof member and the threaded upper ends are received
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-4through the openings of the first, second or third pair, according to the spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the openings in the third pair is set so that they can receive rods arranged on opposite sides of a triple truss which comprises the roof member.
Preferably, the openings of the third pair are positioned along an axis (the third axis) which is angularly offset from an axis along which the openings of the first pair are positioned and/or angularly offset from an axis along which the openings of the second pair are positioned, about an axis which is normal to the bearing portion, and the bracket can be mounted in selectable orientations about the normal axis according to which pair of openings receives the rods. Preferably, the third axis is oblique to the either or both of the axes along which the openings of the first and second pairs are positioned, in a plane perpendicular to the normal axis.
Preferably, the bracket is configured such that it and at least one like bracket can be arranged to form a stack in which the pairs of openings are aligned and which is able to be mounted such that the bearing portion of an innermost one of the brackets is received flat against the roof member, whereby the upper ends are received through the openings of one of the pairs in each bracket to receive said threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the stack and the structure to tie down the roof member.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bracket for tie-down of a roof member which is supported by a structure, the bracket comprising a bearing portion and a pair of openings which extend through the bracket, the bearing portion being receivable flat against the roof member, such that threaded upper ends of a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are receivable through the openings to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and
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-5the structure to tie down the roof member, the bracket being configured such that it and at least one like bracket can be arranged to form a stack in which the pairs of openings are aligned and which can be mounted such that the bearing portion of an innermost one of the brackets is that which is received flat against the roof member, such that the upper ends are received through the aligned openings to receive said threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the stack and the structure to tie down the roof member.
Preferably, the bracket further comprises, in addition to said pair of openings (the first 10 pair), a second pair of openings which extend therethrough, the openings of the second pair having a spacing which is greater than the spacing of the openings of the first pair, whereby the bracket/stack can be mounted such that the bearing portion of the bracket/innermost bracket is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of either the first pair or the second pair of openings of the or each bracket, according to the spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket/stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the openings in the first and second pairs is set so that they can receive rods arranged on opposite sides of a single truss and a double truss respectively, the single or double truss comprising the roof member.
Preferably, the openings of the first pair are positioned along a first axis and the openings of the second pair are positioned along a second axis, the second axis being angularly offset from the first axis about an axis which is normal to the bearing portion, and the bracket/stack can be mounted in selectable orientations about the normal axis according to whether the rods are received in the openings of the first pair or the openings of the second pair. Preferably, the first and second axes are perpendicular.
Preferably, the bracket further comprises a third pair of openings formed therethrough, the openings of the third pair having a spacing which is greater than the spacing of the
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-6openings of the second pair, whereby the bracket/stack can be mounted such that the bearing portion of the bracket/innermost bracket is received flat against the roof member and the threaded upper ends are received through the openings of the first, second or third pair of openings in the or each bracket, according to the spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket/stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the openings in the third pair is set so that they can receive rods arranged on opposite sides of a triple truss which comprises the roof member.
Preferably, the openings of the third pair are positioned along an axis (the third axis) which is angularly offset from an axis along which the openings of the first pair are positioned and/or angularly offset from an axis along which the openings of the second pair are positioned, about an axis which is normal to the bearing portion, and the bracket/stack can be mounted in selectable orientations about the normal axis according to which pair of openings receives the rods. Preferably, the third axis is oblique to the either or both of the axes along which the openings of the first and second pairs are positioned, in a plane perpendicular to the normal axis.
Preferably, the bracket is provided with packing against which the threaded elements are receivable to effect the engagement between the bracket/stack and rods, the packing being configured to bear against the threaded elements at varying angles such that the engagement and clamping can be effected with the bearing portion received flat against the roof member throughout a range of orientations of the roof member about a horizontal axis which extends perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the roof member.
Preferably, the bearing portion is defined by a plate portion. Preferably, the bracket is configured as a plate.
Preferably, the openings of the or each pair are formed through the plate portion.
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-7Preferably, the openings of the first pair comprise holes having centres which are spaced by approximately 8cm.
Preferably, the openings of the second pair comprise holes having centres which are 5 spaced by approximately 12cm.
Preferably, the openings of the third pair comprise holes having centres which are spaced by approximately 13cm.
Preferably, the holes of the or each pair have a width of between about 1.5cm and about 2.0cm.
Preferably, the packing is formed separately from the bracket.
Preferably, the packing comprises washers through which the upper ends of the rods are receivable, the washers having upper faces which are curved about an axis parallel to said horizontal axis, when the upper ends are received therethrough, whereby they can bear against the threaded elements at said varying angles.
Preferably, the bracket has a perimeter configuration which is substantially symmetrical about the axis or each of the axes along which the openings of the pair(s) are positioned. Preferably, the openings in the or each pair are arranged equidistant from and on opposite sides of respective axis about which the perimeter configuration is symmetrical.
Preferably, the openings of each pair comprise holes which are elongated slightly in the direction perpendicular to the axis along which they are positioned.
Preferably, the bracket is flat.
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-8Preferably, the bracket comprises apertures formed through the bearing portion through which fastening elements, such as nails or screws, may be received to transfer shear loads between the roof member and bracket.
Preferably, the bracket is configured such that it and at least one like bracket can be arranged to form a stack in which the pairs of openings are aligned and which is able to be mounted in selectable orientations according to the spacing of the rods, in each of which orientations the bearing portion of an innermost one of the brackets is received flat against the roof member, such that the upper ends are received through the holes of one of the pairs in each bracket to receive said threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the stack and the structure to tie down the roof member. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said apertures are arranged to align when the bracket and like brackets form said stack, whereby said fastening elements may be received through aligned apertures to transfer shear loads between the roof member and stack.
Preferably, the bracket is formed from mild steel.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building structure including a roof member, a support structure by which the roof member is supported, a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member and anchored at their lower ends, and a bracket according to either one of the first and second aspects, wherein the bearing portion is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of a said pair of openings and engaged with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the bearing portion and the support structure so as to be tied down.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of effecting tie-down of a roof member against a support structure by which the roof member is supported in a building structure, the method comprising:
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-9arranging a bracket according to either one of the first and second aspects such that the bearing portion thereof is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are received through a said pair of openings; and engaging the upper ends of the rods with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the bearing portion and the support structure.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building structure 10 including a roof member, a support structure by which the roof member is supported, a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member and anchored at their lower ends, and a stack formed of a plurality of brackets according to either one of the first and second aspects, wherein the bearing portion of an innermost one of the brackets is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of aligned said pairs of openings through the brackets whereby the stack is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the stack and the support structure so as to be tied down.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of effecting tie-down of a roof member against a support structure by which the roof member is supported in a building structure, the method comprising:
arranging brackets according to either one of the first and second aspects such that threaded upper ends of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are received through aligned pairs of openings of the brackets, whereby the brackets form a stack in which the bearing portion of a lowermost bracket is received flat against the roof member and; and engaging the upper ends of the rods with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the stack and the support structure.
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- 10Preferably, the or each bracket comprises at least said first pair and said second pair and the rods are received through the openings of the pair having the smallest separation greater than a width of the roof member where it is received between the rods. Preferably, the or each bracket further comprises said third pair.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the roof member comprises a rafter or a truss member.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, an upper face of the roof member extends axially along an inclined axis and the bracket or an uppermost bracket in the stack is provided with said packing bearing against the threaded elements to effect the engagement between the bracket(s) and rods and the clamping of the roof member between the stack and said support structure. In one embodiment of the invention, the roof member comprises a truss top chord.
In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the support structure comprises a member on which the roof member is supported (the support member), the support member extending perpendicular to the roof member, and the rods are located at positions which are spaced along an axis which extends parallel to the support member.
Preferably, the support member extends substantially horizontally.
Preferably, the rods extend through the support member.
In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the support structure comprises a pair of members extending oblique to the roof member and converging at a comer on which the roof member is supported, and the rods are disposed on opposite sides of an axis bisecting the corner.
Preferably, the members of said pair of members extend substantially horizontally.
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- 11 Preferably, the rods extend through the pair of members.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the or each bracket comprises said apertures and fastening elements are received through the apertures and into the roof member to transfer shear loads between the roof member and the bracket or stack.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building structure including a roof member, a support structure by which the roof member is supported, a pair of tie-down rods which are anchored at their lower ends, disposed on one side of the roof member and arranged at spaced positions along an axis extending in general alignment with the roof member, the building structure further comprising a bracket into which threaded upper ends of the rods are received, the ends being engaged with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus urged against the support structure by a portion of the bracket which is disposed on the same side of the rods as the roof member so as to be tied down, wherein a portion of the bracket which is on the opposite side of the rods to the roof member is engaged with the support structure such that there is zero net moment on the bracket about said axis.
Preferably, the bracket accords with the first or second aspect of the invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the building structure further includes a chock compressed between the portion of the bracket which is on said opposite side and the support structure. Preferably, a fastener is received through the portion of the bracket on said opposite side to secure it to that chock.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the building structure further includes a chock compressed between the portion of the bracket which is on said same side and the roof member. Preferably, a fastener is received through the portion of the bracket on said same side to secure it to that chock.
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- 12In one embodiment of the invention, the roof member comprises a bottom chord of a truss and the chock compressed between the portion of the bracket which is on said same side and the roof member is received between adjacent ends of convergent web members of the truss. That chock may have a lower end which is profiled to bear against inclined, inwardly facing surfaces of the web members.
Preferably, the bracket accords with the first or second aspect of the invention and the rod ends are received through the holes of a said pair of openings, whereby the portions on said same and opposite sides are defined by the bearing portion. Preferably, the portion on said same side is received flat against the roof member or the chock compressed between it and the roof member. Preferably, the portion on said and opposite side is received flat against the chock compressed between it and the support structure.
In one embodiment of the invention the building structure further includes at least one additional like bracket, and the bracket and additional bracket(s) form a stack through which the rod upper ends are received.
The present invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figures IA to 1C depict an example of conventional tie-down in a building;
Figure ID shows a bracket used in an alternative example of conventional tie-down in a building;
Figures 2A and 2B show a high capacity tie-down bracket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 3A and 3B show a curved washer for use with the bracket;
Figures 4A to 4C and 5A to 5C show applications of the bracket in tying down singleH:\sbt\Iiiterwoven\NRPortbl\DCC\SBT\l 3200016_1 .docx-21/02/2017
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- 13 double- and triple-trusses having top chords of varying pitch;
Figures 6A to 6C show locations of nails or screws received through the bracket to transfer shear loads in the arrangements shown in Figures 4A to 4C respectively;
Figure 7 depicts a tie-down application in which two of the brackets form a stack;
Figures 8A and 8B show application of the bracket for tying down single- and double-trusses which extend in a vertical plane that is oblique to supporting walls in the building;
Figures 9A and 9B show an arrangement in which the bracket is used to tie down a roof truss at an intermediate position along its bottom chord;
Figures 10A and 10B show details of an application of the bracket for tying down of a roof member to the top of a frame structure on which the roof member is directly supported; and
Figures 11A to 11C show details of an application of the bracket for tying down a roof member to a truss boot supported from a girder trust bottom chord.
A high capacity tie-down bracket 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B. The bracket 1 is provided in the form of a plate which is cut from readily available 150mm wide steel strip, having a thickness TB of
8 mm. The bracket 1 has a length LB and width WB which are both 150 mm.
The comers 3 of the bracket 1 are chamfered and rounded for safety of handling.
The bracket 1 comprises three pairs of slightly elongated circular holes 4, 6, 8, which are arranged centrally about respective axes 5, 7 and 9. As will be clear from Figure 2A, the plate is symmetrical about each of these axes. The holes of the first 4, second 6, and
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- 14third 8 pairs have spacings Si, S2 and S3 of 80 mm, 120 mm and 132 mm respectively.
The bracket 1 further comprises a plurality of small holes 10 which are formed through the plate at separate positions and receive nails or screws 11 to resist any shear forces between the roof member and bracket 1, as will be described in further detail later.
With reference to Figures 3A and 3B, the bracket 1 is provided with a pair of washers 12 each washer having a flat lower face 13 receivable against the top face of the bracket 1 and an upper face 14 which is curved about a central axis 15 lying in the plane of the face 13, the curvature of the face 14 conforming with the curvature of a cylinder centred on an axis parallel with axis 15. Each washer 12 has a hole 16 which is elongated in the direction perpendicular to the axis 15.
The bracket 1 can be used in several tie-down applications, as discussed below.
Firstly, with reference to Figures 4A to 4C, and Figures 5A to 5C, the latter being schematic plan views corresponding to Figures 4A to 4C respectively, the bracket 1 may be used, in conjunction with washers 12, to tie down roof trusses having top chords with varying pitches and thicknesses.
Figure 4A depicts an application in which a single truss UA is supported on the top plate T of wall structure W, and the rods are extend either side of the truss top chord WA. The chords of the truss UA, including top chord WA, are formed from single lengths of standard rectangular timber having a width of 35mm or 45mm, both of these values being common/standard, the width of the top chord WA where it is received between the rods R thus being between about 39mm and 49mm assuming nail plates are located either side of the top chord WA at that position. These lengths of timber may vary in depth, common/standard depths being 90mm, 120mm, 140mm and 190mm. With the lower face of the bracket 1 seating against the upper face of top chord WA, the upper ends of the rods are received through the holes of the first pair 4 and also through washers 12 seated against the upper face of the bracket 1. Nuts 20 are screwed onto the rod upper ends to seat
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- 15 against washers 14 and thus urge bracket 1 into tight engagement with the top chord WA, thereby effecting tie-down of the truss UA to the slab. Owing to the curved profile of the washer upper faces 14, the nuts 20 will seat correctly against the washers 12 notwithstanding that the bracket 1 is inclined.
Figure 4B depicts an application in which a double truss essentially comprising an interconnected pair of side-by-side single trusses, is supported on the top plate T and the rods extend either side of the truss UB. For the purposes of exemplification, the top chord WB has a greater pitch than the top chord in the previous drawing. The bracket 1 is connected to the rods R, to engage the top chord WB, in exactly the same manner as described with reference to Figure 4A except that the rod upper ends are this time received in the holes of pair 6. The top chord WB, in comprising two side-by-side lengths of timber each having a width of 35mm or 45mm, has a width of between 78mm and 98mm where it is received between the rods R assuming nail plates are located either side each length at that position.
Figure 4C depicts an application in which a triple truss, essentially comprising three side-by-side single trusses, is supported on the top plate T and rods R extend either side of the truss UC. Again for the purposes of exemplification, the top chord WC is at a lower pitch than the top chord in Figure 4A. The bracket 1 is connected to the rods R, to engage the top chord WC, in exactly the same manner as described with reference to Figures 4A and 4B, except that the rod upper ends are this time received through the holes of pair 8. The top chord WC, in comprising three side-by-side lengths of timber each having a width of 35mm or 45mm, has a width of between 117mm and 147mm where it is received between the rods R assuming nail plates are located either side each length at that position.
Triple truss applications such as that depicted in Figure 4C generally reflect uplift forces which are greater than those generated in single or double truss applications, necessitating greater restraint. Advantageously, a diagonal axis of the bracket 1 is aligned longitudinally with the truss to minimise material, maximise bearing area and minimise the offset.
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- 16A pitched (non-horizontal) orientation of the tied down roof member, as is present in the arrangements depicted in Figures 4A to 4C, gives rise to shear forces between the bracket and the roof member and a resulting tendency for the bracket to slip down the roof member in the direction of the fall, which increase with pitch. To prevent slippage, nails or screws 11 can be received through apertures 10 and into the underlying top chords WA, WB and WC, as shown in Figures 6A to 6C respectively. The holes 10, the number of which is minimised to reduce manufacturing costs, are arranged such that there is a reduced or minimised likelihood of the nails or screws being driven too close to the edges of underlying roof member(s). When the plane of the roof members being held down is normal to the direction of the tie-down rods (horizontal), the majority of the resultant action on the bracket 1 is bearing, so that installation of nails or screws through holes 10 may be unnecessary.
The design of the bracket 1 is a balance between the provision of sufficient bearing area for the roof member, plate thickness to transfer the loads across the offset between the face of the roof member engaged by the bracket and the tie-down rods, and width between the tie-down bolts to accommodate a roof member of varying width - in particular, single, double and triple trusses. The dimension between the holes of each hole pair is already determined by the width of the underlying trusses and a margin for ease of installation, so that the other two parameters can be determined for each set of holes. The three sets of holes are arranged on the bracket to optimise the three parameters in each case while the amount of material is maintained at a minimum.
The washers 12 allow the bracket 1 to assume an angle of up to 30° to the horizontal, in both clockwise and anti-clockwise directions about axes 5, 7 and 9 in the applications shown in Figures 4A, 4B and 4C respectively.
Advantageously, the provision of the plurality of pairs of holes through the plate allows the bracket to be used for tying down roof members of varying thickness whilst confining bending moments in the plate within smaller maximum limits than if only a single pair of (widely spaced) holes were provided, so that the requisite plate thickness for particular
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- 17applications, particularly those in which hole pairs 4 and 6 are invoked, can be reduced, thereby by reducing material costs. Also, the bracket 1, in comprising a flat plate, is not pitch-specific. Furthermore, owing to the symmetry of the plate about the axes about which the respective hole pairs are disposed, satisfactory low bearing in the bi-lateral (dual-rod) tie-down applications can be ensured.
A further advantage attributable to the configuration of the bracket 1 is that it can be stacked with at least one like bracket 1 to increase the strength of the tie-down arrangement. An exemplary stack comprising two brackets 1, is illustrated in situ in
Figure 7, this drawing illustrating the same arrangement as that shown in Figure 4A though in which the single bracket has been replaced with the stack. The washers 12 are received against the outermost bracket in the same manner as described previously. It will be clear that, owing to the configuration of the bracket 1, a stack comprising three or more such brackets can also be formed.
An alternative application of bracket 1 is illustrated in Figures 8A and 8B, which show examples of arrangements in which the member being tied down extends in a vertical plane which is oblique to supporting walls in the building. In each of the examples depicted in these drawings, a roof member, which may be a hip truss top chord or rafter, is supported at a corner formed by top plates Tl and T2 of perpendicular sections of wall. Figure 8A shows an arrangement in which the member XA comprises a single length of timber, e.g. a single hip arrangement. In this arrangement, the rods R extend through mid-lines of the respective top plates Tl and T2 to be received in holes of pair 6 which are, advantageously, aligned with those ends when the outermost chamfered comers at the outside of the wall comer are aligned with and adjacent to the outer side faces of the top plates Tl and T2. The arrangement shown in Figure 8B is identical to that shown in Figure 8A, though member XB comprises a pair of side-by-side lengths of timber, and may thus be a double hip arrangement. Both the single and double arrangements employ the washers 12 as previously described to permit the bracket 1 to seat against the top chords
XA and XB, the pitches of which may vary. It will be appreciated that a stack comprising a plurality of brackets 1, as previously described, may be used in applications such as
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- 18 these.
A hip member in a roof, which is generally at a pitch different from those of the remaining roof members, usually bisects an external corner of the building, i.e. it does not cross an external wall at right angles. Uplift loads in the case of a hip member are generally not as high as in the case of a girder truss and suchlike, so that the holes 6 can be invoked notwithstanding a greater offset than if holes 4 were instead invoked, to allow greater flexibility in locating of the tie-down rods away from the underlying frame construction, which is usually concentrated at this point.
Yet a further application of the bracket 1 is illustrated in Figures 9A and 9B, the bracket 1 in this application being used to tie down roof truss U at an intermediate position along its bottom chord Q, between converging web members I of the truss U. In the arrangement shown, it is not possible for the tie-down rods R to be arranged on opposite sides of the truss Z, possibly because the tie-down point for the truss is located at the edge of an underlying opening or doorway which precludes the use of any structural member in that space or because an internal corner between two walls is being used as a tie-down point. The rods R are thus disposed on the same side of the truss Z but on opposite sides of the top plate T, and are received in notches N cut into the side faces of the top plate T so as to be contained between the opposite sides of the wall structure W. The arrangement incorporates a chock J1 fixed between the lower ends of members I and a chock J2 received between the top plate T and the bottom face of the bracket 1, the chocks J1 and J2 being configured such that their top faces are level and coplanar. The chock J2 is received between the rods R and against the bottom chord H. Tightening of the nuts 20 urges the bracket 1 downwardly against the chock Jl, thereby effecting tie-down of the truss U. The chock J2 exerts an upward force against the bracket 1 on the opposite side of the rods R, maintaining the bracket 1 level and in tight engagement with the chock Jl. Bolts 22 are received through holes 6 to secure the bracket 1 against the chocks J1 and J2.
The tie-down configuration illustrated in Figures 9A and 9B offers significant benefits over conventional techniques for effecting tie-down in similar situations, in particular
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- 19eliminating any need to amend architectural details, which can incur additional cost and delays, or to rework the truss layout, which can result in increased cost of truss manufacture and necessitate additional time and care being taken on site to ensure trusses are specifically located, and not installed at standard spacings. Internal tie-down is commonly used to reduce the concentration of uplift forces encountered at the ends of a (girder) truss, i.e. at the external wall of the building. The magnitude can be such that a more highly engineered solution is required than is usually achievable, and this will in turn necessitate increased supervision, skill, componentry and cost.
It will be recognised that another embodiment is possible in which the bracket 1 in the arrangement shown in Figures 9A and 9B is replaced with two or more brackets forming a stack in the same manner as described in connection with Figure 7 and illustrated in that drawing.
Given the number and size of openings in the external walls, it is likely that the tie-down point will be located over one of them, further increasing the complications as noted above with the inclusion of a larger lintel than is required elsewhere in the building and its fixings to the remaining structure and then down to the foundations. The capacity of a domestic slab to resist a high uplift is usually greater away from its outer edges unless it has been designed specifically. The external walls usually run along the edge of a slab, with the tiedown arrangement being contained within an external wall, and therefore sufficiently close to the edge of the slab to truncate the cone of resistance that develops in the slab where the tie-down arrangement is anchored, thus reducing capacity. The bracket O' shown in Figure ID is commonly used in applications such as these, and must designed for a specific width of truss and specific depth of bottom chord. It requires a neatly fitted bolt through the bracket O' and bottom chord, necessitating precision which may be difficult to achieve given limited access caused by the proximity of the drill to the top plate and the proximity of adjacent trusses. It also requires that the horizontal tab or flange D' to be bolted hard down onto the top plate. Both of these requirements are critical as they are the two features that resist the eccentricity between the tie-down rod and the uplift in the truss. Given the comparatively large eccentricity, the capacity of the arrangement shown in
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-20Figure ID is restricted. The ability to reduce the eccentricity is limited as sufficient space has to be maintained to enable the nut to be tightened. The configuration according to this embodiment of the invention minimises the eccentricity, such that it does not govern design. Advantageously, it is then possible to use multiple, stacked, brackets 1 to increase the capacity to that of bearing of the timber (end grain) or the capacity of the tie-down rods. Much less supervision is required to ensure the tie-down is effected satisfactorily as compared with conventional methodologies.
In some arrangements, the structure supporting the roof/roof member has sufficient 10 strength to resist the applied uplift forces from a top portion or edge thereof, so that the tiedown rods need only to extend down sufficiently for appropriate fixing to this portion/edge.
One example of such an arrangement is shown in Figure 10A. In this arrangement, the 15 truss U' is tied down, via bracket 1, washers 12, nuts 20 and rods R', in the same manner as illustrated in Figures 4A to 4C except that the rods R' extend only a short distance past the bottom face of the bottom chord of the truss U' to connect to a steel post or stud K welded into a frame of the building via a bracket A which is fixed to the top end of post K and receives, through an upper end thereof, a lower end of each rod R'. A nut 20' is received on the lower end of each rod R' and engages an underwasher M received against an underside of the top end of bracket A, whereby the lower end of rod R' is secured to the bracket A. Underwasher M, which extends lengthways between the rods R', is shown in detail in Figure 10B, is formed from metal and comprises three washer portions Ml, M2 and M3 interconnected by frangible portions V. Each of portions Ml, M2 and M3 comprises a hole therethrough, the hole M3 being elongated in the lengthways direction. The lower end of one of the rods R' is received through the hole M3, with the underwasher M usually being sufficiently adjustable axially, owing to the elongation of that hole, such that the lower end of the other rod R' is received through the hole in one of the other portions Ml and M2, depending on the width of the truss U' and thus the separation of the rods R'. Advantageously, where the underwasher M is not sufficiently adjustable, either or both of the frangible portions may be broken to effect the appropriate separation between
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-21 any two washer portions such that the lower ends of rods R' are received therethrough.
Another example of such an arrangement is shown in Figures 11A and 11B. In this arrangement, the truss U is tied down, by a bracket 1, washers 12, nuts 20 and rods R, in the same manner as illustrated in Figures 4A to 4C except that the truss U, instead of being supported over the top plate of a wall structure, is supported from the side face of a girder truss bottom chord GT via a cantilevered truss boot 60 which receives lower ends of the rods R. Referring to Figure 11C, the bracket 60 is configured with a base, in the form of a flange 62, fixed against the side face by bolts 70, spaced apart arms, in the form of flanges 64, between which an end of the bottom chord of the truss U is received and to which that chord is fixed via bolts 72 extending through the bottom chord, and gussets 66 each of which extends between a respective arm 64 and the base 62, the gussets being configured with holes therethrough to receive the lower ends of the rods R whereby tightening of nuts 20' on those lower ends urges bracket 1 into tight engagement with the top chord of truss U, thereby effecting tie-down of the truss U to the bracket 60 and thus to the lower chord GT of the girder truss, which truss is, in turn, adequately tied down to the ground via the structure from which it is supported.
In each embodiment of the invention, the or each bracket acts as a bearing plate over the top of the roof member to resist uplift forces in that member. The forces that are resisted by bearing (and some shear) between the roof member and bracket(s) are transferred through the bracket(s) into the tie-down rods which, in turn, transfer the tension loads into an appropriate part of the building over which the roof is supported.
The requirement for tie-down occurs around the perimeter of a building and at some internal locations. The magnitude of the load on tie-down members varies significantly, with the majority of magnitudes being within a narrow range of values (realised with standard trusses, etc.) and then a much smaller number being large to very large by comparison (truncated girder, girder trusses and internal supports). Advantageously, the bracket 1 individually caters for most of the instances and, being in the form of a flat, prismatic plate, can be doubled up or tripled up to cater for the extreme instances, so that
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-22there is ease and consistency of installation an improved overall economy.
Many modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word comprise, and variations such as comprises and comprising, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.
The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.
Claims (29)
1. A bracket for tie-down of a roof member which is supported by a structure, the bracket comprising a bearing portion and a pair of openings which extend through the
5 bracket, the bearing portion being receivable flat against the roof member, such that threaded upper ends of a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are receivable through the openings to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member, the bracket
10 being provided with packing against which the threaded elements are receivable to effect the engagement between the bracket and rods, the packing being configured to bear against the threaded elements at varying angles such that said engagement and clamping can be effected with the bearing portion received flat against the roof member throughout a range of orientations of the roof member about a horizontal axis which extends perpendicular to
15 a longitudinal axis of the roof member.
2. A bracket according to claim 1, further comprising, in addition to said pair of openings (the first pair), a second pair of openings which extend therethrough, the openings of the second pair having a spacing which is greater than a spacing of the
20 openings of the first pair, whereby the bracket can be mounted such that the bearing portion is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of either the first pair or the second pair, according to the spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion
25 and the structure to tie down the roof member.
3. A bracket according to claim 1 or 2, the bracket being configured such that it and at least one like bracket can be arranged to form a stack in which the pairs of openings are aligned and which is able to be mounted such that the bearing portion of an innermost one
30 of the brackets is received flat against the roof member, whereby the upper ends are received through the openings of one of the pairs in each bracket to receive said threaded
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2017201164 25 Jan 2019 elements for effecting tight engagement between the stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the stack and the structure to tie down the roof member.
4. A bracket for tie-down of a roof member which is supported by a structure, the 5 bracket comprising a bearing portion and a pair of openings which extend through the bracket, the bearing portion being receivable flat against the roof member, such that threaded upper ends of a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are receivable through the openings to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket and rods and thus clamping of the roof member
10 between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member, the bracket being configured such that it and at least one like bracket can be arranged to form a stack in which the pairs of openings are aligned and which can be mounted such that the bearing portion of an innermost one of the brackets is that which is received flat against the roof member, such that the upper ends are received through the aligned openings to receive said
15 threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the stack and the structure to tie down the roof member.
5. A bracket according to claim 4, further comprising, in addition to said pair of
20 openings (the first pair), a second pair of openings which extend therethrough, the openings of the second pair having a spacing which is greater than a spacing of the openings of the first pair, whereby the bracket/stack can be mounted such that the bearing portion of the bracket/innermost bracket is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of either the first pair or
25 the second pair of openings of the or each bracket, according to a spacing of the rods, to receive threaded elements for effecting tight engagement between the bracket/stack and rods and thus clamping of the roof member between the bearing portion and the structure to tie down the roof member.
30
6. A bracket according to claim 4 or 5, the bracket being provided with packing against which the threaded elements are receivable to effect the engagement between the
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2017201164 25 Jan 2019 bracket/stack and rods, the packing being configured to bear against the threaded elements at varying angles such that the engagement and clamping can be effected with the bearing portion received flat against the roof member throughout a range of orientations of the roof member about a horizontal axis which extends perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the
5 roof member.
7. A bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the packing is formed separately from the bracket.
10
8. A bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the packing comprises washers through which the upper ends of the rods are receivable, the washers having upper faces which are curved about an axis parallel to said horizontal axis, when the upper ends are received therethrough, whereby the washers can bear against the threaded elements at said varying angles.
9. A bracket according to any one of the preceding claims, being configured as a plate, wherein the bearing portion is defined by a portion of the plate, and wherein the openings of the or each pair are formed through said portion of the plate.
20 10. A bracket according to any one of the preceding claims, the bracket having a perimeter configuration which is substantially symmetrical about an axis or each of respective axes along which the openings of the pair or pairs are positioned, wherein the openings in the or each pair are arranged equidistant from and on opposite sides of a respective axis about which the perimeter configuration is symmetrical.
11. A bracket according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising apertures formed through the bearing portion through which fastening elements may be received to transfer shear loads between the roof member and bracket.
30 12. A building structure including a roof member, a support structure by which the roof member is supported, a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member and anchored at their lower ends, and a bracket according to any one of the
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2017201164 25 Jan 2019 preceding claims, wherein the bearing portion is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of a said pair of openings and engaged with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the bearing portion and the support
5 structure so as to be tied down.
13. A method of effecting tie-down of a roof member against a support structure by which the roof member is supported in a building structure, the method comprising:
arranging a bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 11 such that the bearing
10 portion thereof is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of tiedown rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are received through a said pair of openings; and engaging the upper ends of the rods with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the bearing
15 portion and the support structure.
14. A building structure including a roof member, a support structure by which the roof member is supported, a pair of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member and anchored at their lower ends, and a stack formed of a plurality of brackets
20 according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the bearing portion of an innermost one of the brackets is received flat against the roof member and threaded upper ends of the rods are received through the openings of aligned said pairs of openings through the brackets whereby the stack is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the stack and the support structure so as to be tied down.
15. A method of effecting tie-down of a roof member against a support structure over which the roof member is supported in a building structure, the method comprising:
arranging brackets according to any one of claims 1 to 11 such that threaded upper ends of tie-down rods disposed on opposite sides of the roof member are received through
30 aligned pairs of openings of the brackets, whereby the brackets form a stack in which the bearing portion of a lowermost bracket is received flat against the roof member; and engaging the upper ends of the rods with threaded elements whereby the bracket is
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2017201164 25 Jan 2019 tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus clamped between the stack and the support structure.
16. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein 5 the or each bracket accords with either one of claims 7 and 8 or any one of claims 9 to 11 as appended thereto, wherein the or each bracket is arranged such that the rods are received through the openings of the pair having the smallest separation greater than a width of the roof member where it is received between the rods.
10
17. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein a said bracket accords with any one of claims 1 to 3, 7 and 8, and wherein an upper face of the roof member extends axially along an inclined axis and the packing is provided to the bracket or an uppermost bracket in the stack so as to bear against the threaded elements to effect the engagement between the bracket(s) and rods and the clamping of the roof
15 member between the stack and said support structure.
18. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the roof member comprises a rafter or a truss member.
20 19. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the support structure comprises a member on which the roof member is supported (the support member), the support member extending perpendicular to the roof member, and wherein the rods are located at positions which are spaced along an axis which extends parallel to the support member.
20. A building structure or method according to claim 19, wherein the rods extend through the support member.
21. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein
30 the support structure comprises a member (support member) which extends transverse to the roof member and to which the roof member is fixed via an interconnection, and wherein lower ends of the rods are anchored to the interconnection.
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22. A building structure or method according to claim 21, wherein the interconnection comprises a bracket with which the rod lower ends are engaged.
23. A building structure or method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the 5 interconnection is mounted to/against a side face of the support member.
24. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the interconnection comprises a truss boot.
10 25. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein the support member comprises a girder truss bottom chord.
26. A building structure or method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the support structure comprises a pair of members extending oblique to the roof member
15 and converging at a corner on which the roof member is supported, and the rods are disposed on opposite sides of an axis bisecting the corner.
27. A building structure or method according to claim 26, wherein the members of said pair of members extend substantially horizontally and the rods extend through the pair of
20 members.
28. A building structure including a roof member, a support structure over which the roof member is supported, a pair of tie-down rods which are anchored at their lower ends, disposed on one side of the roof member and arranged at spaced positions along an axis
25 extending in general alignment with the roof member, the building structure further comprising a bracket into which threaded upper ends of the rods are received, the upper ends being engaged with threaded elements whereby the bracket is tightly engaged with the rods and the roof member is thus urged against the support structure by a portion of the bracket which is disposed on the same side of the rods as the roof member so as to be tied
30 down, wherein a portion of the bracket which is on the opposite side of the rods to the roof member is engaged with the support structure such that there is zero net moment on the bracket about said axis.
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29. A building structure according to claim 28, further including a chock compressed between the portion on said opposite side and the support structure.
30. A building structure according to claim 29, wherein the portion on said opposite 5 side is received flat against the chock.
31. A building structure according to claim 29 or 30, wherein a fastener is received through the portion of the bracket on said opposite side to secure it to the chock.
10
32. A building structure according to any one of claims 28 to 31, further including a chock compressed between the portion of the bracket which is on said same side and the roof member.
33. A building structure according to claim 32, wherein a fastener is received through
15 the portion of the bracket on said same side to secure it to the chock compressed between the portion of the bracket which is on said same side and the roof member.
34. A building structure according to claim 32 or 33, wherein the portion on said same side is received flat against the roof member or the chock compressed between it and the
20 roof member.
35. A building structure according to any one of claims 32 to 34, wherein the roof member comprises a bottom chord of a truss and the chock compressed between the portion of the bracket which is on said same side and the roof member is received between
25 adjacent ends of convergent web members of the truss.
36. A building structure according to any one of claims 28 to 35, wherein the bracket accords with any one of claims 1 to 16 and the rod ends are received through the holes of a said pair of openings, whereby the portions on the same and opposite sides are defined by
30 the bearing portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2017201164A AU2017201164B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2017-02-21 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2010902627A AU2010902627A0 (en) | 2010-06-16 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members | |
| AU2010902627 | 2010-06-16 | ||
| AU2011202882A AU2011202882B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
| AU2017201164A AU2017201164B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2017-02-21 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2011202882A Division AU2011202882B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
Publications (2)
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|---|---|
| AU2017201164A1 AU2017201164A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| AU2017201164B2 true AU2017201164B2 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
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| AU2011202882A Ceased AU2011202882B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
| AU2017201164A Ceased AU2017201164B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2017-02-21 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2011202882A Ceased AU2011202882B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Improvements in Tying Down of Roof Members |
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|---|---|
| AU (2) | AU2011202882B2 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ593540A (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021299316A1 (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2023-02-02 | Omg Building Products Llc | Expandable hanger for beam |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190608389A (en) * | 1906-04-07 | 1907-01-17 | Edward Wood And Company Ltd | Improvements in Metal Tie Rods and Connecting Plates Employed in the Construction of Roofs and other Structures. |
| US4592186A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1986-06-03 | B. P. Fishburne, Jr. | Heavy duty anchor for deck boards and the like |
| US6269593B1 (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2001-08-07 | Thomas Thompson | Roof tie down connecting fork and yoke |
| US20020100226A1 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-08-01 | Huppert Norman K. | Truss anchoring assembly for buildings |
| US6490840B1 (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 2002-12-10 | Thomas Thompson | Hurricane tie system for retrofit on existing structures |
| US20030182875A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-02 | Hill Kenneth A. | High wind roof securement device |
| US6763634B1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2004-07-20 | Thomas C. Thompson | Retrofit hurricane-earthquake clip |
| US20080098669A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-01 | Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. | Variable girder tie |
| US7665253B1 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2010-02-23 | Thomas C Thompson | Retrofit hurricane-earthquake connector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5307603A (en) * | 1992-11-05 | 1994-05-03 | Chiodo Daniel J | Anchor device |
| US6662517B1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2003-12-16 | Thomas C. Thompson | Retrofit hurricane-earthquake clip |
-
2011
- 2011-06-16 AU AU2011202882A patent/AU2011202882B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-06-16 NZ NZ593540A patent/NZ593540A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2017
- 2017-02-21 AU AU2017201164A patent/AU2017201164B2/en not_active Ceased
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190608389A (en) * | 1906-04-07 | 1907-01-17 | Edward Wood And Company Ltd | Improvements in Metal Tie Rods and Connecting Plates Employed in the Construction of Roofs and other Structures. |
| US4592186A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1986-06-03 | B. P. Fishburne, Jr. | Heavy duty anchor for deck boards and the like |
| US6490840B1 (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 2002-12-10 | Thomas Thompson | Hurricane tie system for retrofit on existing structures |
| US6763634B1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2004-07-20 | Thomas C. Thompson | Retrofit hurricane-earthquake clip |
| US6269593B1 (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2001-08-07 | Thomas Thompson | Roof tie down connecting fork and yoke |
| US20020100226A1 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-08-01 | Huppert Norman K. | Truss anchoring assembly for buildings |
| US20030182875A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-02 | Hill Kenneth A. | High wind roof securement device |
| US7665253B1 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2010-02-23 | Thomas C Thompson | Retrofit hurricane-earthquake connector |
| US20080098669A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-01 | Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. | Variable girder tie |
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| Title |
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| PRYDA, Pryda Timber Connectors Catalogue, Pages 1-32, published 1 April 2009 [retrieved from the Internet] <URL:https://web.archive.org/web/20091013131337/http://www.pryda.com.au/uploads/Pryda%20Catalogue%20April%202009.pdf> * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2011202882A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
| AU2011202882B2 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
| AU2017201164A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| NZ593540A (en) | 2013-07-26 |
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| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |