AU2017309337B2

AU2017309337B2 - System for capturing the energy of fluid currents

Info

Publication number: AU2017309337B2
Application number: AU2017309337A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Manuel Muñoz Saiz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-08-09
Filing date: 2017-08-30
Publication date: 2023-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-30
Also published as: WO2018029387A1; EP3508717A4; US11067055B2; EP3508717A1; WO2018029387A8; US20190178224A1; AU2017309337A1; CL2019000290A1

Abstract

A system for capturing the energy of fluid currents, using axial turbines with one free end and the other end fastened to a mechanical element or electric generator, characterised in that the turbines comprise coil springs (10c, 10g, 19v), helically twisted plates or crossbeams (12c, 12v), complete helical turbines (1, 1a, 1b, 1d, 1m, 1p) with their shafts (13, 13c, 13v) or just their blades (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3v), which capture the energy of wind or water, with their shaft or fastened end actuating an electric generator (4) or mechanical system. In all cases the blades around the rotation axis of the turbines have an inclination such that they generate a torque in the same direction and the turbines are automatically oriented by the water or air currents, like weather vanes.

Description

SYSTEM FOR CAPTURING THE ENERGY OF FLUID CURRENTS

Field of the Invention

Wind, river and sea energy collectors consisting of both mini and mega-systems

which function to generate large amounts of electricity. Also for housing,

agriculture, seawater desalination, water pumping, supplying power to the

electricity network, obtaining hydrogen by electrolysis of the water and storage

of pressurized air in bags in the sea at great depth.

Description of the Related Art

Water current energy harnessing systems in the sea need complex technologies

and demand high expenditure to achieve optimum performance. They are hard

to control, complex, need to be positioned in the direction of the currents and

their energy is difficult to store.

Regarding wind systems, they need the latest technologies which are costly and

the structures must be placed at high altitudes to take advantage of strong winds

in order to achieve maximum efficiency. These are also intricate and difficult to

manage and must be pointed towards the wind currents. As well as this, they

have a negative visual impact on the landscape, produce radio interference, are

prone to be struck by lightning which can result in birds being killed. As a result,

this cost of this form of energy is more expensive than with conventional

systems.

My invention attempts to eliminate the problems described above by providing a

simple, useful and economical system through the use of axial blades, helical

turbines and the like.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objectives of the invention and its advantages are:

To harness energy from sea and river currents, which, unlike solar and wind do

not have large periods of calm, particularly in vast sea areas such as the Gulf

Stream or Kuroshio, in straits, capes and around many islands, where large

quantities of water flow at a rapid speed from one area to another.

To be able to use simple, low cost (can be between ten and thirty times

cheaper) turbines which are high powered, high performance and have a

minimal cost per kWh.

To facilitate the use of the smallest amount of parts i.e. single part, without shaft,

without bearings, without supports, or to be anchored to the ground not needing

masts where a nail or ballast is sufficient.

Emphasis on clean energy: Does not accumulate dirt, no need for covers or

casing, useable in large and small dimensions or large length or in groups.

They can be inflatable and extendable, operate in line with or inclined towards

the current, can be implemented for both air and water, does not harm wildlife,

protects the ozone layer and the environment, is self-directing towards the wind

or water currents without the need for electrical mechanisms.

Can be used submerged so as not to be affected by destructive waves, and

through using constant currents, cutting out the need to have to store energy

with this only being necessary in small amounts.

These qualities are unique to this system. No other current technology offers

these features, the most useful and simple of which are the fact that it can be

used free of shafts, blades, twisted beams or flat stocks.

Renewable energy is not yet efficient enough to use in large quantities, it is not

constant, it causes environmental pollution, and, because of interruptions in the

energy source, it needs to be stored. With the proposed system, large amounts of constant energy can be harnessed from seas and rivers without the need for storage, and can be placed where it does not harm or contaminate the environment either electrically, visually or audibly. With regard to wind power, it allows the harnessing of energy at high altitudes. Each turbine can use one or more helical threads or blades on its axis.

The system to harness wave energy consists of axial turbines which have one

end free and the other held on its axis to a mechanical element which enables

movement. Alternatively, this can also be attached to an electric generator,

either directly or through an rpm multiplier.

The holding mechanism consists of a pair of links, an angular ball joint, a rod, a

joint or a hinge. Generators and mechanical elements that are moveable are

held by nails, anchors, concrete blocks, mesh bags filled with stones, posts,

trees, towers, street lamps, buildings, mounds, or a cable or chain supported

between two points of the aforementioned, which enable the turbines to rotate,

orient themselves in the direction of the current and take advantage of the flow

of the current. All this is possible because the turbines are comprised of helical

springs, helically twisted beams or flat stocks, complete helical turbines with

their shafts or only their blades, which can harness the energy of wind or water

by driving its shaft or through a holding end connected to an electric generator

system or a mechanical system or to a compressor or water pump, whose

regulated flows drive motors or turbines that drive the generators.

In all cases, the blades around the axis of rotation of the turbines are always

inclined to the wind, which generates a torque in the same direction. The

generators only have a small angle of rotation or inclination. In one variant,

turbines are formed by blade wheels connected in series.

Allof the turbines can be cylindrical or conical in shape, and may use one or

more blades or threads. The conical shape gives them more stability.

The turbines can have the same density as the current in which they move, or

they may have different densities, whereby they may assume some inclination

with respect to the fluidic current.

Turbines, their axes or blades besides being hollow and filled with helium or air,

can be made of plastic polymer foam such as PVC, polyurethane, polyethylene,

etc., with a strong and protective cover, and can act as kites. The axes or blades

can also be made of rubber or plastic. They can be inflatable and flexible. In

general, as they are in contact with water and with elements that can be

abrasive, it is essential to use resistant and low density materials, polymers, and

carbon or glass fibers with resins. When using metallic materials, like steel, they

must have a protective layer of zinc. The plastic used can be reinforced with

graphene and very resistant synthetic fibers such as Kevlar, glass, carbon, etc.

The turbine can be fixed to the collar, universal joint, ball socket, etc. In this case

the shaft of the generator or the mechanical device is connected to the rotating

end of the turbine by a pair of gears.

The turbines, when they do not have a shaft, consist exclusively of helical

blades, helical springs, preferably in semi-circular or plane thread, or helically

twisted beams or flat stocks. The helical flat thread springs match or are the

same as the helical coils of turbines used without a shaft. The turbines, blades,

helical plates or flat stocks have a performance proportional to their front or

cross-section, to the angle it forms with the axis of rotation in each point and its

length.

Angles between 250 and 550 can be used. Unlike turbines of this kind that move

inside a conduit these can greatly increase its power by raising its length.

The blades can have two types of inclination:

o a) Inclination of a section of the blade with respect to the axis of

rotation

o b) Inclination of a section of the blade with respect to a plane

perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

Maximum performance is obtained at roughly 420 angles.

Especially in the air, the cables can be replaced by a long and simple helical

turbine.

The electric generators can be synchronous, consisting entirely of permanent

magnets. Especially rare earth materials such as samarium-cobalt or

neodymium-iron-boron.

As mechanical elements, motor pumps are used to raise water or to drive

electric generators, or air can be pressurized and stored in bags in the sea at

great depth.

The turbines should preferably be axial to receive the flow of water or air parallel

to their axes enabling changes of direction similar to that of weather vanes, but

they may also have an inclination to the horizontal, which depends on the

difference between the weight of the turbines, including the contiguous

installation, generator, and the weight of the fluid that is displaced. When both

factors are the same they remain horizontal in the fluidic current. Any type of

turbine, with or without a shaft, may be used, especially those which are

extended longitudinally and with inclined or helically arranged tilted blades. In order to increase their stability, their aerodynamic profiles have the dimensions of the turbines, their shafts and/or their blades are greater at or towards the free end.

An axial turbine variant utilizes, with or without shaft, two (or more) inclined

blades that can be symmetrical to each other, which create a rotation torque

about this shaft.

With the turbines inclined in the direction of the current, the efficiency can be

enhanced as the section of the affected surface is much larger than with the

frontal current. As well as this, the turbines, when they receive the current

parallel to their axis, because they are not covered by a tube, also experience

an increase in performance with the resultant power multiplied with respect to

their length as downstream the turbine absorbs or captures laterally the energy

of the water stream.

The rotation of several of these turbines can be applied to a shaft supported and

driven through the inside of a mast which can then drive a pump drawing water

from wells.

It is also possible for the turbines to have the free end attached to a balloon or to

a buoy.

The turbines can act partially as balloons or floats. In all cases, the turbines,

cables, chains, generators or retainer bars have a density equal to or similar to

the medium in which they move. They may have a density between 70% and

130% of that of the fluid, although this is not limited.

The hollow and flexible turbines, shafts or blades can be made of canvas, plastic

or very dense mesh, which act as bags and can be kept inflated with the air or

water stream in which they are immersed. For this purpose the end of the turbine, which is fastened, carries a fluid inlet mouth delimited by a ring, which is held to the generator rotor shaft by means of cords.

The turbines can be placed in an orderly way, in rows and columns, so that they

can utilize common electrical or water installations over a large area.

The blades can be rigid or flexible. Tilting the flexible blades and reducing their

impact area helps to increase their speed.

Some turbines anchored at the sea floor can be turned and raised for repair or

maintenance. It may be necessary to vary the degree of flotation through remote

control to enable them to rise to the surface. This is achieved with the help of an

air chamber, which expands for ascent and compresses for descent.

In the sea, the turbines can be placed semi-submerged to take advantage of the

currents of the water and the wind.

To transport the current you can use a single conductor cable, the positive or

phase of it is alternating and the opposite for the negative, using the water that

is conductive.

The turbines can carry a floating rope, which is used to raise the system for

repair or maintenance. A certain color is used to make it distinctive in the sea.

On land and in water the posts or buoys which use red or amber stroboscopic

LED lights are supplied with energy generated from the system.

Particularly in high-altitude wind turbines, one or multiple turbines can be used in

series instead of the holding cable.

Small-sized turbines spin very quickly and do not need multipliers. The

mechanical energy obtained can be used to draw water on land where it is

stored and subsequently used to drive a turbine that moves an electric

generator.

The generator is held to a support point by a bar and a joint and a collar that

allows it to tilt slightly vertically and horizontally, but not to rotate around its axis.

This is also achieved with a pair of links.

Radial blades help prevent oscillations caused by turbulence or gusting winds.

Generators can supply heating resistors, power mobile phones, etc. resulting in

a simple and very economical system.

A control, warning and security system informs about the status of each of the

devices.

The weight of the turbine and moving parts is balanced with the upward

displacement of the water or air being discharged keeping the turbine

horizontally positioned, except when the stream of water or air has a certain

vertical inclination. However, if we want it to be tilted upwards by having its

supports on the ground, or tilted downwards when they are near the surface, the

weight of the turbine must be altered to achieve this. You can use turbines which

are more or less the same density as the fluid, resulting in inclination which has

minimal effect on the very high performance level. This may be necessary in

order to avoid disrupting the navigation of ships, airplanes, etc.

It is accordingly an object of the invention to harness wave and wind energy

having at least one axial turbine with a density of between 70% and 130% of

that of the current in which it is moving with one end of the turbine free, and the

other end attached to a mechanical element to drive the turbines in order to

harness the energy of the wind or water. In all cases the blades around the axis

of rotation of the turbines have such an inclination that they generate a torque in

the same direction. The generators only have a small angle of inclination and

the turbines are automatically redirected in the direction of the water flow or air currents in a similar fashion to that of a weather-vane. A means to hold the generator to fixing elements, which allow the turbines to rotate and redirect themselves in the same direction as the current whilst harnessing and taking advantage of the current. The possibility to be controlled remotely with devices.

Poles protruding from the water or buoys which are used as safety devices

emitting red or amber LED strobe lights which are powered by the system. A

means to transport electric power.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, the turbines are flat or semi

circular thread coil springs.

In accordance with an added feature of the invention, the turbines are helically

twisted beams (12 c, 12 v).

In accordance with an additional feature of the invention, the turbines are

complete helical turbines (1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 d, 1 m, 1 p).

In accordance with another mode of the invention, the turbines are complete

helical turbines with their shafts (13, 13 c, 13 v).

In accordance with an additional further mode of the invention, the turbines are

only their blades or vanes (3 a, 3 b, 3 c, 3 v).

In accordance with yet an additional feature of the invention, the element to

drive is an electrical generator (4).

In accordance with still another feature of the invention the element to drive is a

mechanical system, compressor and water pump, whose flow regulated, drive

engines and turbines which in turn drive the generators.

In accordance with another mode of the invention, the turbines are hollow and

filled with foam of plastic polymers, polyurethane, polyethylene or PVC, coated

with a protective and resistant layer.

In accordance with another added feature of the invention, the turbines have the

free end attached to a balloon or a float.

In accordance with an additional feature of the invention low-density materials

are used, based on steel, zinc, concrete, polymers, carbon fibers, glass or kevlar

with resins, steel with a protective layer of zinc, reinforced with graphene and

synthetic fibers.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, the turbines, their shafts,

blades or vanes, are hollow and made of canvas, and are kept inflated with the

air or water stream in which they are immersed, for which the end of the turbine,

which is secured, carries an inlet of the fluid delimited with a ring (88), which is

held to the generator rotor.

In accordance with another mode of the invention, the turbines, their shafts and

the helical blades are flexible.

In accordance with yet an additional feature of the invention, the blades of the

flexible turbines are inclined and reduce their impact surface with increasing

wind or water velocity.

In accordance with still another feature of the invention a portion of the blades

(3 v) forms an angle (a) with respect to the axis of rotation of between 250 and

550.

In accordance with another mode of the invention, a portion of the blades (3 v)

forms an angle (P) of between 0 and 450 with respect to a plane perpendicular to

the axis of rotation.

In accordance with yet an additional feature of the invention, the turbines take a

cylindrical outer shape.

In another feature of the invention, a fluid current energy capture system utilizing

axial turbines having a density between 70% and 130% of that of the fluid in

which it is moving, having one free end, and the other or its axis, is attached to

the mechanical element to be moved or to an electric generator, directly or

through a rpm multiplier, these in turn are held by a pair of links, an angular

pivot, a rod or a hinge to elements of holding nails, anchors, concrete blocks,

mesh bags filled with stones, posts, trees, towers, street lamps, buildings,

mounds, or a cable or chain supported between two points of the

aforementioned, which allow the turbines to rotate, orienting itself in the fluid

stream and capturing and taking advantage of the flow of the stream, having

control, warning and safety devices, characterized in that the turbines comprise

coil springs (10 c), helically twisted beams (12 c, 12 v), complete helical turbines

(1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 d, 1 m, 1 p) with their shafts (13, 13 c, 13 v) or only their blades or

vanes (3 a, 3 b, 3 c, 3 v), which capture the energy of the wind or water, driving

its axis or holding end to an electrical generator system (4), to a mechanical

system, compressor or water pump, whose flows regulated, of the latter two,

drive to some engines or turbines that drive the generators, in all cases, the

blades around the axis of rotation of the turbines, have such an inclination, that

they generate a torque in the same direction, the generators only have a small

angle of rotation or inclination, the turbines are automatically oriented with the

flow of water or air currents like a weather-vane.

In accordance with another feature the coil springs have the blade or flat thread

and do not have a shaft.

In accordance with yet another feature the coil springs are formed by a half-cane

blade (90 c), with the concavity towards the front zone.

In accordance with still another feature the axial turbines are of radial vanes and

consist of several wheels of vanes.

In accordance with another mode the turbines (50) are formed by pairs of

inclined triangular blades (51) distributed about their axis of rotation (52).

In accordance with still another mode the turbines (53) are formed by pairs of

inclined triangular blades (54) distributed around their axis of rotation of shaft

(55) and secured to their vertices with cables (56).

In accordance with yet another mode the turbines (60) are formed by two

inclined blades (61) one on each side of the axis of rotation (62), being secured

between two crank-shaped part (63 and 63 a) one at each end, one of them

being attached by cables or cords to the generator or to a metal element.

In accordance with another feature the shaft of the turbines 13 is solid.

In accordance with still another feature the shaft of the turbines is hollow and

filled with helium or air.

In accordance with yet another feature the shaft of the turbine is hollow and is

filled with foam of plastic polymers, polyurethane, polyethylene or PVC coated

with a protective and resistant layer, acting as comets.

In accordance with still another mode the blades or turbines are flexible.

In accordance with another feature the blades or turbines are rigid.

In accordance with yet another feature the vanes, blades or shafts of the

turbines are inflatable.

In accordance with still another feature the turbines are placed in orderly rows

and columns.

In accordance with yet another mode the turbines have the free end attached to

a balloon or to a float.

In accordance with another feature the turbines serve as warning or safety

devices, posts protruding from the water or buoys are used, and red or amber

strobes, preferably from LEDs, are applied.

Further the turbines are formed by multiple turbines in series or one of great

length.

Additionally, low-density materials are used, based on steel, zinc, concrete,

polymers, carbon fibers, glass or Kevlar@ a registered trademark of Dupont, with

resins, steel with a protective layer of zinc, reinforced with graphene and

synthetic fibers.

In accordance with another feature, the rotational movement is applied to the

electric generators to which they are attached or through multipliers of rpm.

In accordance with yet another feature generators of multiple pole pairs are

used.

In accordance with still another feature the turbines, their shafts, blades or

vanes, hollow, flexible, are made of canvas, and are kept inflated with the air or

water stream in which they are immersed, for which the end of the turbine, which

is secured, carries an inlet of the fluid delimited with a ring (88), which is held to

the generator rotor or cable by means of cords (89).

In accordance with another mode the vanes or blades of the flexible turbines are

inclined and reduce their impact surface with increasing wind or water velocity.

In accordance with yet another mode, motor pumps are used as mechanical

elements to raise water.

In accordance with still another feature the turbines, their shafts or the helical

blades are hollow inflatable and flexible.

In accordance with still another mode the helically twisted flanges, beams or

flanges (126) act simultaneously as turbines and as holding cables.

In accordance with yet another mode the helically twisted blades or beams

(126 a) acting simultaneously as turbines and as holding cables, drive pumps

inside a cylindrical shells 76, for which it has its lower end supported

by bearings 75, raising the water during its rotation and exiting through an elbow

conduit 78.

In accordance with still another feature the electric generators are synchronous

and totally permanent magnets, mainly of rare earths of samarium-cobalt or

neodymium-iron-boron.

In accordance with still another feature the turbines take a cylindrical outer

shape.

In accordance with still another feature the turbines assume a conical external

shape.

In accordance with still another feature the turbines have the same density as

the fluid in which they move.

In accordance with yet another feature the turbines have densities different from

that of the fluid.

In accordance with another feature the turbine is attached to a ball socket (6 r),

and the axis of the generator or mechanical device is connected to the rotating

end of the turbine by a pair of gears (49 r).

In accordance with yet another feature the electric generators are connected to

a mobile telephone.

In accordance with still another feature the electric generators are connected to

electric heating resistors.

It is further accordingly an object of the invention to provide a fluid current

energy capture system for capturing energy from a fluid having an axial turbine

having an axis of rotation, the turbine having a free end, and a fixation end

opposite the free end, the turbine having a helical blade for being driven by the

fluid, the blade having an inclination for generating a torque and rotating the

turbine about the axis of rotation, a generator affixed to the fixation end, the

generator generating power by rotation of the turbine driven by the fluid, and a

base, the generator being rotatably mounted to the base for orientating the

turbine in a flow stream of the fluid.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a schematic, partial and side view of a helical spring type turbine,

a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 1a shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a stretched helical

spring type turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. lb shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a stretched helical

spring type turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 1c shows a schematic, partial and side view of a helical spring-type turbine

with the thread or blade in the form of a semi-circle, a generator and a holding

mode.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a twisted beam or flat

stock turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 2a shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a twisted beam or

flat stock turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a helical blade

turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 3a shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a helical and spiral

blade turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 3b shows a schematic, partial and side view, variant of a conical helical

blade turbine, a generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic, partial and side view of a helical turbine with shaft, a

generator and a holding mode.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic and side view, variant of a turbine whose shaft or

drum is formed by a very thick canvas or mesh.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic and side view, variant of a helical turbine used in the

air at high-altitude.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic and side view, variant of a turbine with a helical

blade, used in air at high altitude.

FIGS. 7a and 7b show schematic and cross-sectional views of two helical

blades.

FIG. 8 shows schematic views of two twisted beams or flat stock turbines.

FIG. 9 shows schematic views of two complete turbines with shaft.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of a complete turbine with shaft.

FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of a turbine actuated as a cable.

FIG. 11a shows a schematic view of a turbine which acts as a cable and a

pump.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a complete turbine with shaft.

FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of a complete turbine with shaft.

FIG. 14 shows a schematic and side view of a turbine variant with pairs of

inclined triangular blades.

FIG. 14a shows a schematic and perspective view, variant of a turbine with pairs

of triangular blades held to their vertices with cables.

FIG. 15 shows a side and partial view, variant of a turbine formed by two blades

inclined on both sides of the shaft.

FIG. 15a shows a front view of the turbine of FIG. 15.

FIGS. 16 and 16 a show schematic views of a turbine field.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show schematic and partial views of two turbines with helical

blades of different pitch and different number of blades.

FIG. 19 shows a view of a turbine formed by several stages or paddle wheels.

FIG. 19a shows a schematic view of a conical twisted-blade turbine application,

feeding a mobile telephone.

FIG. 20 shows a schematic and partially cross-section view of an electric

generator and its cover.

FIG. 20a shows a schematic and partially cross-section perspective view of a

generator variant and its cover.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 shows an depiction of a turbine of the invention, formed by a coil spring

(10 c), which has its end held to the axis of the electric generator (4). The

generator is held by means of rings to the collar (6), in turn connected to the

mast (7), so that it allows it to be tilted or turned horizontally and vertically

slightly, but not to rotate around said rings.

FIG. 1a shows the turbine formed by a stretched helical spring portion (10 g),

which has its end held to the axis of the electric generator (4). The generator is

held by means of rings to the collar (6), in turn connected to the mast (7), so that it allows it to be tilted or to rotate horizontally and vertically slightly but not to rotate around said rings.

FIG. 1b shows the turbine formed by a conical coil spring (10 v), which has its

end held to the axis of the electric generator (4). The generator is held by the

rod (45) hinged with the hinge (46) to the collar (6) of the mast (7) so that it

allows it to be tilted or turned horizontally and vertically slightly but not to rotate

about the axis of said mast bar.

FIG. 1c shows the turbine formed by a spring, half-cane blade (90C), the end of

which is held to the generator (4). The generator is held by means of rings to the

collar (6), in turn connected to the mast (7), so that it allows it to be tilted or

rotated horizontally and vertically, slightly but not rotating about said rings.

FIG. 2 shows a turbine formed by a single twisted, helical and shaftless beam or

flat stock (12 c), which has its end held to the shaft of the electric generator (4).

The generator is held by means of rings to the collar (6), in turn connected to the

mast (7), so as to allow it to rotate horizontally and vertically, slightly, but not to

rotate around said rings. This beam may also be hollow.

FIG. 2a shows a shaftless turbine formed by a twisted and conical, helical beam

(12 v), which has its end held to the shaft of the electric generator (4). The

generator is held by the rotatable collar (6 e) and this to the post (7 e), so that it

allows to tilt or rotate horizontally and vertically, slightly, but not to rotate around

the collar. This beam may also be hollow.

FIG. 3 shows a turbine formed by a helical blade 3 c and without a shaft, which

has its end held to the shaft of the electric generator (4). The generator is held

by the rod (45) hinged with the hinge (46) to the collar (6) of the mast (7) so that it allows to be tilted or turned horizontally and vertically, but not to rotate about the axis of said rod.

FIG. 3a shows a turbine formed by a single conical helical blade 3 v without a

shaft, which has its end held to the shaft of the electric generator (4) and this to

the collar (6) of the mast (7) that allows it to rotate vertically and horizontally and

only allows a slight twist.

FIG. 3b shows a single-blade, helical and conical turbine (3 v), which has its end

held to an outer shaft (18 r) that drives the electric generator (4 r), by the gears

(49 r) and is secured with the cylindrical bearings (19 r), which are fixed in turn

to the ball socket (6 r) supported by the mast (7 r), which allows the assembly to

tilt horizontally and vertically but not to rotate about the axis (18 r).

The turbines of FIGS. 3, 3 a and 3 b are similar to the springs FIGS. 1,

1 a and 1 b with flat blade or thread.

FIG. 4 shows a turbine formed by the helical blade (3 b) on the shaft (13), which

has its end held to the shaft of the electric generator (4). The generator is held to

the rotatable collar (6 e) on the mast (7 e) so that it allows to tilt horizontally and

vertically but not to rotate about the axis of said bar, only the small turning

allowed by the links.

FIG. 5 shows the turbine (1 m) with the helical blade (2 m). Which inflates with

the flow of the stream of water or air, by which it carries a inlet with a ring (88),

which is held to the shaft of the generator (4) with the cords 89. The generator is

fixed and rotates horizontally with respect to the mast (7) with the collar (6). This

inflation system is valid for all devices used herein. A railing may be added to

prevent solid products from entering.

FIG. 6 shows a hollow turbine (12 r) which may be a float in the water or a

balloon filled with helium in the air, which may also act as a kite, so that once it

is raised it is maintained by the action of the wind or water. It rotates the

generator shaft of the generator (4) and is secured to the ground by the cable

(26) and a nail (23). It has the advantage, as with all wind turbines of this type,

to be able to rise and take advantage of the large currents of air prevalent at

high altitudes. The cable must be electrically grounded to prevent static or

lightning strikes.

FIG. 7 shows a hollow turbine (1 c) with its blade (2 c) which can be a float in the

water or a balloon in the air, which can also act as a kite, so that once it has

been lifted it remains airborne with the wind. It turns the generator shaft of the

generator (4) and is secured to the ground by the cable (26) and a nail (23). It

has the advantage, if used with winds, to be able to rise and take advantage of

the large currents of air prevalent at high altitudes. The cable or rope shows the

inclination you can take depending on the current flow and buoyancy. The cable

or rope must be routed to earth to prevent static or lightning strikes.

FIG. 7a shows a helical blade (12 q) forming the angle (a) with the axis of

rotation (12 x) of the turbine.

FIG. 7b a helical blade (12 q) forming the angle (P) with a plane perpendicular to

the axis of rotation (12 z) of the turbine.

FIG. 8 shows turbines formed by helically twisted axial beams or flat stocks, the

upper cylindrical (12 c) and the lower (12 v) conical. They drive electric

generators (4) held to the mast (7) by means of the links (59) and the collar (6).

A strobe light (9) at the end of the mast alerts you to its presence.

FIG. 9 shows two helical axial turbines (1) and (1 a) whose hollow axis, the

truncated-cone shaft (13 v) and cylindrical shaft (13 c), which gives them

buoyancy, can float or remain submerged, can be flexible and formed by several

lengthwise hinged sections (5), its axis is oriented in the direction of the water

flow as a blade and drives an electric generator (4), air compressor or hydraulic

pump. The upper one is fixed to the ground by means of a nail (23) and the

lower one with the concrete block (8 a) on the seafloor, rotating helical blades

(3 v) and (3 c), which may be flexible, cause movement of the collector. They

take advantage of both wind power and water currents. Both blades increase in

size towards the loose end. Changing the density of its elements enables it to be

used in the air. The lower turbine shows how the forces, direction and inclination

are applied, as a function of the difference LW (lift force minus the upward thrust

equal to the weight of the fluid volume in which it is immersed). Resulting in the

force R and with the inclination shown therein.

FIG. 10 shows the helical turbine (1 d) of hollow cylindrical shaft (13 c) with

increasing dimensions of the shaft and of the blade (3 c) towards the free end.

The holding end is held to the shaft of the generator (4) and the generator with

the links (5) to a buoy (33) which is supported by the chain (13 d) anchored at

the bottom of the sea or river.

FIG. 11 shows the torsion beam turbine, that in addition acts as a cable, and its

upper end is suspended by the balloon (32) and the lower is held to the

generator (4) and this in turn to a nail (7 m). The lead wire (71) derives the static

current from the slide collar (70) to the nail (7 m).

FIG. 11a shows the twisted beam turbine (126 a), suspended from its upper end

by the balloon (32 a) and the turbine section (77) with the casing (76) acting as a pump as well as a cable. The ends of the turbine section (77) are supported with the bearings (75). The water flows through the faucet (78).

FIG. 12 shows a helical axial turbine (1 a) which can float or remain submerged

by the buoy (33). It can be flexible and be formed of several longitudinally

articulated sections, oriented in the direction of the water current as a weather

vane and is held and drives the electric generator (4), and the links (5), to the

concrete block (8). The rotating blade (3 a) facilitates movement of the turbine.

The turbine shaft (13 c) is hollow and provides a high degree of flotation. In this

case the buoy increases the buoyancy of the turbine. The flap increases its

dimensions towards the end opposite the one held to the concrete block.

FIG. 13 shows the helical turbine (1 a) held to the shaft of the electric generator

(4) which is held to the cable (3) which can be a chain, held at one end (15) to a

cliff (14) and the other to a concrete block (8 a) at the bottom of the sea. The

turbine has a hollow cylindrical and float shaft (13 c) and a helical blade about it

(3 a).

FIG. 14 shows the turbine (50) with pairs of inclined triangular blades (51), its

axis (52). The generator is connected via the rod (45) to the collar (6) on the

mast (7).

FIG. 14a shows the turbine (53) with pairs of triangular blades (54) held to its

vertices with cables. It rotates about its shaft (55).

FIG. 15 shows the turbine (60) formed by two inclined blades (61), one on each

side of the axis of rotation (62), represented by the dashed line. Here the

inclinations of both with respect to the fluidic current are shown. They are

secured by the crank-shaped part (63 and 63 a) one at each end. The (63 a) is

connected by cables or cords to the generator or to the mast.

FIG. 15a shows the turbine (60) formed by two inclined blades (61) one on each

side of the axis of rotation (62). They are secured by the crank-shaped part

(63 and 63 a) one at each end. One of them is connected by cables or cords to

the generator or to the mast.

FIG. 16 shows a sea or land field or farm with multiple helical turbines (1 b) fixed

to the seabed or to the ground by the concrete blocks (8). The arrow indicates

the direction of the fluid, which in this case is the same for all turbines.

FIG. 16a shows a maritime or terrestrial field or farm with multiple helical

turbines (1 b) fixed to the bottom by the cables (13 s) placed between two points

(8 b) and (8 c). The arrow indicates the direction of the fluid, which in this case is

the same for all turbines. The cables can be the same that collect the electric

current, having to interconnect between them to facilitate this task and to

eliminate part of the cables.

FIG. 17 shows the turbine (1 b) with a helical blade (3 b) of constant dimensions,

held to a cement block (8), which drives the generator (4) and is connected to

other turbines in series by means of the hinge or rings (22).

FIG. 18 shows the turbine (1 h) with two helical blades (3 b), attached to a

cement block (8), which drives the generator (4).

FIG. 19 shows the turbine (1 p) consisting of multiple stages or paddle wheels

attached to a cement block (8) which drives the generator (4) and is connected

to other turbines with the hinge or ring (22), where (28) is the connecting line of

the different stages or wheels of pallets of the shaft (13 p).

FIG. 19a shows the turbine formed by the conical helical beam or strip (12 v),

held to the shaft of the generator (4) which feeds the mobile telephone 35. The

generator is held to the rotatable collar (6 e) and this in turn to the mast (7 e).

FIG. 20 shows the generator (4), secured by the links (5) to a fixed point, within

the housing (20), whose rotor (27) and shaft (18) rotates supported by the roller

bearings (19) and by the chain (5 g) which would be held to a turbine, (24) being

the stator of the generator. The seals or gaskets that hold the internal elements

of the generator are not shown. The rpm multiplier (40) is optional; it is used for

very low speed turbines.

FIG. 20a shows the generator (4), secured by the links (5) to a fixed point, inside

the housing (20), whose shaft (18) rotates supported by the roller bearings (19)

and by the chain (5 g) that would be held to a turbine. It is similar to that of FIG.

20.

The drawings show turbines, which through a changing the fluid used and

densities can be valid for use in both water and air.

In all cases the size of the turbines are depicted proportionally relative to ships

or whales to give an approximation as to their measurements. The thick arrow

shows the direction of the currents.

Claims

1. A fluid current energy capture system for capturing energy from a fluid comprising:

an axial turbine having an axis of rotation, said turbine having a free end, and a

fixation end opposite said free end, said turbine having a helical blade for being

driven by the fluid, said turbine having the helical blade has aerodynamic profiles

having the dimensions of the turbines configured such that their blades are greater

towards the free end;

said blade having two types of inclination for generating a torque and rotating said

turbine about said axis of rotation, wherein first inclination comprises an inclination of

a section of the helical blade with respect to said axis of rotation, wherein second

inclination comprises an inclination of a section of the helical blade with respect to a

plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation;

a generator comprising a rotatable generator shaft, said rotatable generator shaft

affixed to said fixation end, said generator generating power by rotation of said

turbine driven by the fluid;

a mast, said generator mounted to said mast for orientating said turbine in a flow

stream of the fluid, said generator is held by means of a ring to a collar; said collar

securing to about a longitudinal axis of said mast.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said turbine is constructed as a helix.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein said free end is displaceable in a vertical direction

to adjust an attitude of said turbine.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a balloon disposed on said free end,

said balloon being positively buoyant with respect to the fluid.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein said mast has a strobe light to alert a presence of

said mast.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein said turbine has a hollow shaft that supports said

blade, said shaft is buoyant with respect to the fluid to provide said turbine buoyancy

in the fluid.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbines are half-cane thread coil springs.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbine is a helically twisted beam.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbine is a plurality of helical turbines.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbine is defined only by blades or vanes.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbine has a cavity filled with foam of plastic

polymers, polyurethane, polyethylene or PVC, coated with a protective and resistant

layer.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbine has a conical outer shape.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the turbine is attached to a ball socket, and an

axis of the generator connected to the rotating end of the turbine by a pair of gears.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the blades are flexible.

15. A fluid current energy capture system for capturing energy from a fluid

comprising:

having the turbines a cylindrical outer shape;

plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation;

a hydraulic pump affixed to said fixation end, said hydraulic pump comprising a drive

motor that drive a generator; said generator comprising a rotatable generator shaft, said rotatable generator shaft generating power by rotation of said turbine driven by the fluid; a mast, said hydraulic pump mounted to said mast for orientating said turbine in a flow stream of the fluid, said generator is held by means of a ring to a collar; said collar securing to about a longitudinal axis of said mast.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the turbines are half-cane thread coil springs.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the turbine is a helically twisted beam.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the turbine is a plurality of helical turbines.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the turbine is defined only by blades or vanes.

20. The system of claim 16, wherein the coil springs are formed by a half-cane

thread.