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AU2019314876B2 - Regenerative CO2 adsorber for a submarine comprising a heating and cooling device - Google Patents
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AU2019314876B2 - Regenerative CO2 adsorber for a submarine comprising a heating and cooling device - Google Patents

Regenerative CO2 adsorber for a submarine comprising a heating and cooling device Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2019314876B2
AU2019314876B2 AU2019314876A AU2019314876A AU2019314876B2 AU 2019314876 B2 AU2019314876 B2 AU 2019314876B2 AU 2019314876 A AU2019314876 A AU 2019314876A AU 2019314876 A AU2019314876 A AU 2019314876A AU 2019314876 B2 AU2019314876 B2 AU 2019314876B2
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Australia
Prior art keywords
solid material
submarine
disk
heating
shell
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AU2019314876A
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AU2019314876A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Büchner
Katharina Schmidt
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ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
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ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
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Publication of AU2019314876A1 publication Critical patent/AU2019314876A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047Pressure swing adsorption
    • B01D53/0476Vacuum pressure swing adsorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0438Cooling or heating systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0446Means for feeding or distributing gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0462Temperature swing adsorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/34Specific shapes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504Carbon dioxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06Polluted air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/40096Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating by using electrical resistance heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4566Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for separating carbon dioxide (10) from a gas mixture, the device (10) having a solid for taking up carbon dioxide, wherein the device (10) has a heating unit (30) for heating the solid, the device (10) having a shell (80), wherein the shell (80) can be evacuated, the device (10) having a cooling device (40).

Description

Regenerative C02 absorber for a submarine comprising a heating and cooling device
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a device for separating carbon dioxide from the breathing air in a submarine.
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There are a range of methods for separating carbon dioxide. In particular, filters of lime or lithium hydroxide are used. A disadvantage of these filters is however that they cannot be regenerated during travel. Consequently, the submarine must carry sufficient filter capacity. This results in a high weight load. In addition, the filters must be regularly changed, with the risk of dust being released.
For separating carbon dioxide, sometimes a solid material with amine functionality is used as a filter that can be regenerated. Such filters are first allowed to become loaded with carbon dioxide from breathing air and then are regenerated by heating in a regeneration cycle. A disadvantage is that the amine degrades during the heating.
O Patent document DE 10 2008 015 150 B4 discloses a submarine with a ventilation device and a C02 absorption device.
It would be advantageous to provide a device for separating carbon dioxide that has no degradation or only as little degradation as possible.
3. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with a first aspect, the present invention provides a submarine with a device for separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture which uses a solid material for taking up carbon dioxide. The device also has a heating unit for heating the solid material. Furthermore, the device has a shell, the shell being evacuable. In addition, the device has a cooling device, wherein the cooling device is a water injection
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
The device according to the invention is advantageous because the shell can be evacuated before the heating of the solid material. As a result, oxygen is removed from the shell, or at least the partial pressure of the oxygen is reduced to a minimum. As a result, the degradation during the heating is minimized. After completion of the regeneration, the solid material is initially cooled down by the cooling device to such an extent that no degradation occurs any longer when ambient air is supplied, and the oxygen with it.
O Using the spraying-in of water allows the solid material to be cooled down efficiently and quickly on account of the high thermal capacity of water, and possibly the high evaporation enthalpy of water. Particularly preferably, the device may be formed as a water injection unit for producing a water mist.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the heating unit and the solid material may be arranged in direct contact; in particular, the heating unit is embedded in the solid material, so that direct contact takes place.
In a further alternative embodiment of the invention, the cooling device may be integrated in the heating unit. For example, the common heating and cooling device has electrical heating coils and cooling water lines. Alternatively, the common heating and cooling device may have one water line, the water line being able to carry both warm water and cold water. Also alternatively, the common heating and cooling device may operate electrically, in particular directly electrically. For example, a ?5 Peltier element is used.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the shell may have a cylindrical form. The gas flow passes along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical form. The solid material is arranged in the form of a disk in the interior of the cylindrical form, the solid material being gas-permeable. In the form of a disk should be understood as meaning that the solid material has a comparatively large cross-sectional area in relation to the thickness. As a result, the flow resistance that the solid material offers
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU the gas stream may be minimized. Comparatively means that the diameter of the solid material may be preferably at least five times greater than the thickness, particularly preferably at least ten times greater than the thickness, more preferably at least 100 times greater than the thickness.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the solid material may be arranged in the form of a first disk and a second disk, the heating unit being arranged between the first disk and the second disk. By this arrangement, efficient heating of the solid material is possible.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the solid material may be additionally arranged in the form of a third disk. Also, a further heating unit is arranged between the second disk and the third disk. It goes without saying that a greater number of disks of solid material and heating units may also be arranged.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the solid material may consist at least partially of amine. Particularly preferably, it is a polymer with amine functionality.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the device may have a condensation device. In a first embodiment, the condensation device may be arranged downstream of the solid material in the direction of gas flow. In a further alternative embodiment, the condensation device is arranged upstream of the solid material in the direction of gas flow. The condensation device is particularly preferred if the device comprises water injection.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the device additionally may have a component for dissolving carbon dioxide in water. Such components for dissolving carbon dioxide in water are well known, for example and in particular from air independent diesel engines for submarines.
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
In a further aspect, the invention may relate to a method for separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture with a device according to the invention, the method comprising the following steps: a) passing through the gas mixture to be cleaned, b) ending the supplying of gas mixture to be cleaned, c) evacuating the device, d) heating the solid material by means of the heating unit, e) cooling, using water injection, f) renewed passing through of the gas mixture to be cleaned.
The evacuation in step c) may have the effect that the partial pressure of oxygen is significantly reduced. As a result, degradation of the solid material cannot occur in step d), since no oxygen is available to a sufficient extent as reactant. As a result of the cooling down in step e), the solid material is already at a temperature at which no degradation occurs when it comes into renewed contact with oxygen in step f).
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step d) the solid material may be heated to at least 70C, preferably to at least 80C, particularly preferably to at least 900 C. The solid material is heated in step d) to at most 11°C, preferably to at most 100°C. O If the temperature is too low, carbon dioxide cannot be released. If the temperature is too high, the solid material degrades even without the presence of oxygen.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step e) the cooling by water injection may take place by spraying-in water. By means of water, the solid material can be cooled ?5 down efficiently and quickly on account of the high thermal capacity of water, and possibly the high evaporation enthalpy of water. As a result, the duration of step e) is reduced to a minimum.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step e) the solid material may be cooled down to at most 550 C, preferably to at most 45C, particularly preferably to at most 35 0 C.
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step c) evacuation may take place to less than 10 000 Pa, preferably to less than 2 000 Pa, particularly preferably to less than 1 000 Pa, most particularly preferably to less than 500 Pa.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step c) evacuation may take place to more than 0.1 Pa, preferably more than 1 Pa, particularly preferably more than 10 Pa.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step d) evacuation may take place continuously.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step d) the gas removed from the device may be conducted into a component for dissolving carbon dioxide in water. In this way, carbon dioxide is brought off board.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step e) demineralized or distilled water may be sprayed in.
In a further embodiment of the invention, in step a) and in step f) a radial flow may be set inside the device.
In a further aspect, the invention may relate to a submarine with a device according to the invention.
?5 In a further embodiment of the invention, the submarine may have at least three devices according to the invention. Of these, preferably a first device according to the invention is in step a) or f), a second device according to the invention is in step d) and a third device according to the invention is on standby. Alternatively or at another point in time, preferably a first device according to the invention is in step a) or f), a second device according to the invention is in step d) and a third device according to the invention is in step e). Also alternatively or at another point in time, preferably a first device according to the invention is in step a) or f), a second device according to
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU the invention is in step c) or d) and a third device according to the invention is in step e) or on standby. The use of three devices according to the invention allows continuous operation to be efficiently ensured. At the same time, there is also redundancy.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the submarine may have more than three devices according to the invention, preferably precisely one device according to the invention being in step a) or f). Alternatively, in very large submarines, the submarine has 3 n + m devices according to the invention, with preferably precisely n devices according to the invention being in step a) or f), n and m being natural numbers, where n is at least 1 and m is at least 0.
The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment that is represented in the drawings.
4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a cross section of a first embodiment Fig. 2 shows a cross section of a second embodiment Fig. 3 shows a block diagram
5. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S) In Fig. 1, the device according to the invention in a first embodiment is shown by way of example in cross section. The device for separating carbon dioxide 10 has a shell ?5 80. Arranged in this shell 80 are a first disk 20 of a solid material and a second disk 22 of a solid material. Embedded between the first disk 20 and the second disk 22 is a heating unit 30. Breathing air is introduced into the device 10 through an air inlet 60, through the solid material, so that carbon dioxide is absorbed. Subsequently, the cleaned air is discharged again through the air outlet 70. For regeneration, the air inlet 60 and the air outlet 70 are closed and the device 10 is evacuated via the connection to the evacuation unit 50. After achieving a sufficient vacuum, the solid material is heated by way of the heating unit 30. Desorbed carbon dioxide is removed
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU through the connection to the evacuation unit 50. After successful regeneration, the heating unit 30 is deactivated and the cooling device 40 is activated. In the example shown, the cooling device 40 produces a water mist. The water mist impinges on the first disk 20 and the second disk 22 and thus carries the solid material away. Water vapor created is condensed at a condensation device 90. Once the solid material has cooled down, the air inlet 60 and the air outlet 70 can be opened once again.
In Fig. 2, a second alternative device according to the invention is shown in cross section. The difference from the first device according to the invention according to Fig. 1 in particular is that the condensation device 90 is arranged above. Therefore, the condensation device 90 is arranged in a partially separate part of the shell 80. This also has the effect that the cooling device 40 is arranged underneath. Furthermore, the connection to the evacuation unit 50 is arranged above, in the vicinity of the condensation device 90.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of the method according to the invention. The method comprises the following steps: a) passing through the gas mixture to be cleaned, b) ending the supplying of gas mixture to be cleaned, c) evacuating the device, d) heating the solid material by means of the heating unit, e) cooling, f) renewed passing through of the gas mixture to be cleaned.
?5 In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
Reference signs 10 Device for separating carbon dioxide 20 First disk 22 Second disk 30 Heating unit 40 Cooling device 50 Connection to the evacuation unit 60 Air inlet 70 Air outlet 80 Shell 90 Condensation device
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU

Claims (16)

Patent claims
1. A submarine with a device for separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture, the device having a solid material for taking up carbon dioxide, the device having a heating unit for heating the solid material, the device having a shell, the shell being evacuable, the device having a cooling device, wherein the cooling device is a water injection.
2. The submarine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating unit and the solid material are arranged in direct contact.
3. The submarine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, 4- wherein the cooling device is formed as a water injection unit for producing a water mist.
4. The submarine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shell has a cylindrical form, the gas flow passing along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical form, the solid material being arranged in the form of a disk in the interior of the cylindrical form, the solid material being gas O permeable.
5. The submarine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the solid material is arranged in the form of a first disk and a second disk , the heating unit being arranged between the first disk and the second disk.
6. The submarine with a device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the solid material is arranged in the form of a third disk, a further heating unit being arranged between the second disk and the third disk.
7. The submarine as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the thickness of the solid material arranged in the form of a disk comprises at most 10% of the diameter of the shell , the thickness of the solid material arranged in the form of a disk comprising at least one percent of the diameter of the shell.
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
8. The submarine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solid material consists at least partially of amine.
9. The submarine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device has a condensation device , the condensation device being arranged downstream of the solid material in the direction of gas flow.
10.The submarine as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the submarine has at least three devices.
11.A method for separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture with a device onboard a submarine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the following steps: a) passing the gas mixture to be cleaned through the device, b) ending the supplying of the gas mixture to be cleaned, c) evacuating the device, d) heating the solid material by means of the heating unit, e) cooling of the solid material by water injection, and f) renewed passing through of the gas mixture to be cleaned.
12.The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein in step d) the solid material is heated to at least 70C, preferably to at least 80C, particularly preferably to at least 90 0C, the solid material being heated to at most 110°C, preferably to at most 1000 C.
13.The method as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein in step e) the cooling takes place by spraying water into the device.
14.The method as claimed in one of claims 11 to 13, wherein in step e) the solid material is cooled down to at most 550 C, preferably to at most 45C, particularly preferably to at most 350 C.
15.The method as claimed in one of claims 11 to 14, wherein in step d) evacuation takes place continuously.
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
16.The method as claimed in one of claims 11 to 15, wherein in step a) and in step f) a radial flow is set inside the device.
18253958_1 (GHMatters) P115163.AU
AU2019314876A 2018-08-02 2019-07-04 Regenerative CO2 adsorber for a submarine comprising a heating and cooling device Active AU2019314876B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018212898.7 2018-08-02
DE102018212898.7A DE102018212898A1 (en) 2018-08-02 2018-08-02 Regenerative CO2 absorber for a submarine
PCT/EP2019/067934 WO2020025247A1 (en) 2018-08-02 2019-07-04 Regenerative co2 adsorber for a submarine comprising a heating and cooling device

Publications (2)

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AU2019314876A1 AU2019314876A1 (en) 2021-02-04
AU2019314876B2 true AU2019314876B2 (en) 2022-01-20

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KR (1) KR102492749B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2019314876B2 (en)
DE (1) DE102018212898A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2956798T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2020025247A1 (en)

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DE102020215686B4 (en) 2020-12-11 2024-11-21 Thyssenkrupp Ag CO2 absorbers
DE102020215687A1 (en) 2020-12-11 2022-06-15 Thyssenkrupp Ag CO2 absorber
CN114537628B (en) * 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 中国船舶科学研究中心 Deep sea platform atmospheric environment comprehensive control device
WO2024026237A1 (en) * 2022-07-25 2024-02-01 Sikka Varin Techniques for low-power, large-scale direct air carbon capture via wind turbine

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KR20210024086A (en) 2021-03-04
AU2019314876A1 (en) 2021-02-04
EP3829748A1 (en) 2021-06-09
ES2956798T3 (en) 2023-12-28
KR102492749B1 (en) 2023-01-27
EP3829748B1 (en) 2023-06-14
WO2020025247A1 (en) 2020-02-06
DE102018212898A1 (en) 2020-02-27

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