AU2020407675B2

AU2020407675B2 - Ship

Info

Publication number: AU2020407675B2
Application number: AU2020407675A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Toshinori Ishida; Shinsuke Morimoto; Toshio Ogata
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2020-09-08
Publication date: 2024-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-08
Also published as: EP4079623A1; JP2021095050A; CN114787028A; CN114787028B; AU2020407675A1; EP4079623A4; KR102750565B1; KR20220098233A; JP7346276B2; WO2021124620A1

Abstract

A ship comprising a hull, a tank, and a loading pipe. The hull has a pair of broadsides and a deck. At least part of the tank is provided so as to protrude above the deck The tank can store liquefied carbon dioxide. The loading pipe is provided below the upper edge of the tank. The loading pipe loads liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from outside the ship, to inside the tank. The loading pipe comprises a first section and a second section. The first section extends along the deck. The first section has a section that couples to outside the ship. The second section extends downwards from the first section. The second section is connected to a bottom edge of the tank.

Description

SHIP

Technical Field

[0001]

The present disclosure relates to a ship.

This application claims the right of priority based on

Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-228783 filed with the

Japan Patent Office on December 19, 2019, the content of

which is incorporated herein by reference.

Background Art

[0002]

PTL 1 discloses loading a liquefied gas such as LNG

(Liquefied Natural Gas) into a tank through a gas loading

pipe system led from the vicinity of a top portion of the

tank to the vicinity of a bottom portion of the tank.

Citation List

Patent Literature

[0003]

[PTL 1] Japanese Patent No. 5769445

Summary of Invention

Technical Problem

[0004]

Incidentally, there is a demand for transporting

liquefied carbon dioxide by using a tank as in PTL 1. In

the liquefied carbon dioxide, the pressure of a triple point

(hereinafter referred to as triple point pressure) at which

a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase coexist is

higher than the triple point pressure of LNG or LPG.

Therefore, the triple point pressure becomes close to the

operating pressure of the tank. In a case where the

liquefied carbon dioxide is contained in the tank, for the

following reasons, there is a possibility that the liquefied

carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice.

[00051

In the tank containing liquefied gas as in PTL 1, there

is a case where a lower end of a loading pipe, which is open

in the tank, is disposed at a lower portion in the tank.

With such disposition, the vicinity of the opening of the

loading pipe is pressurized with an increase in liquid head.

Therefore, flash evaporation of the liquefied gas discharged

from the opening of the loading pipe can be suppressed.

However, in a pipe top portion disposed at the highest

position of the loading pipe, the pressure of the liquefied

carbon dioxide inside is reduced by the amount corresponds

to the height difference between the liquid level of the

liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank and the pipe top

portion with respect to the pressure of the liquefied carbon

dioxide at the pipe lower end.

[00061

As a result, depending on a tank operating pressure, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure in the pipe top portion of the loading pipe where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes the lowest, or the liquefied carbon dioxide evaporates, and due to the evaporation latent heat thereof, the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporating is lowered, so that there is a possibility that the liquefied carbon dioxide may is solidified in the pipe top portion of the loading pipe to generate dry ice.

Then, in this manner, if dry ice is generated in the

loading pipe, the flow of the liquefied carbon dioxide in

the loading pipe is obstructed, so that there is a

possibility that the operation of the tank may be affected.

[0007]

Preferred embodimentsof the present invention seek to

provide a ship in which it is possible to suppress the

generation of dry ice in a loading pipe and smoothly perform

the operation of a tank.

[0008]

In accordance with one embodiment of the present

invention, there is provided a ship comprising: a hull

having a pair of broadsides and a deck; a tank on the hull

so as to straddle a first space above the deck and a second

space below the deck, and capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide; and a loading pipe that is provided on a lower side with respect to an upper end of the tank and loads liquefied carbon dioxide, which is supplied from an outside of the ship, into the tank, wherein the loading pipe includes a first portion extending above the deck and having a connection part for connection with the outside of the ship, and a second portion extending downward from the first portion, installed from the first space to the second space, and connected to a lower end of the tank.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

[00091

According to the ship of the present disclosure, it is

possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in a loading

pipe and smoothly perform the operation of a tank.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0010]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a ship according to an

embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a tank and a loading

pipe provided in the ship according to the embodiment of

the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing a tank and a

loading pipe provided in a ship according to a modification

example of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of Embodiments

[0011]

Hereinafter, a ship according to an embodiment of the

present disclosure will be described with reference to Figs.

1 and 2.

(Hull Composition of Ship)

A ship 1 of an embodiment of the present disclosure

shown in Figs. 1 and 2 carries liquefied carbon dioxide.

The ship 1 includes at least a hull 2, a tank 21, and a

loading pipe 30.

[0012]

(Configuration of Hull)

The hull 2 has a pair of broadsides 3A and 3B forming

an outer shell thereof, a ship bottom (not shown), and a

deck 5. The broadsides 3A and 3B are provided with a pair

of broadside outer plates forming the left and right

broadsides respectively. The ship bottom (not shown) is

provided with a ship bottom outer plate connecting the

broadsides 3A and 3B. Due to the pair of broadsides 3A and

3B and the ship bottom (not shown), the outer shell of the

hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to a bow

stern direction Da. The deck 5 exemplified in this

embodiment is an all-deck that is exposed to the outside.

In the hull 2, a superstructure 7 having an accommodation

space is formed on the deck 5 on the stern 2b side.

[00131

In the hull 2, a cargo tank storage compartment (a

hold) 8 is formed on the bow 2a side with respect to the

superstructure 7. The cargo tank storage compartment 8 is

recessed toward the ship bottom (not shown) below the deck

5 and is open upward.

[0014]

(Configuration of Tank)

As shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of tanks 21 are

provided in the cargo tank storage compartment 8. In the

tank 21 in this embodiment, for example, a total of seven

tanks 21 are disposed in the cargo tank storage compartment

8. The layout and the number of tanks 21 installed in the

cargo tank storage compartment 8 are not limited in any way.

In this embodiment, each tank 21 has, for example, a

cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction

(specifically, the bow-stern direction). The tank 21

contains liquefied carbon dioxide L inside. The tank 21 is

not limited to a cylindrical shape and may have a spherical

shape.

[0015]

As shown in Fig. 2, the tank 21 is provided so as to

straddle the spaces above and below the deck 5. That is,

at least a part of the tank 21 is provided so as to protrude

to the upper side with respect to the deck 5 through an opening portion 5h formed in the deck 5. In the tank 21 of this embodiment, an upper end 21t is provided on the upper side with respect to the deck 5.

The tank 21 is supported through a saddle 22 on a lower

deck 6 provided below the deck 5. That is, a lower end 21b

of the tank 21 is provided at a distance from the lower deck

6 in a ship height direction (hereinafter, simply referred

to as an up-down direction Dv).

[0016]

(Configuration of Loading Pipe)

The loading pipe 30 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide

L, which is supplied from the outside of the ship, such as

a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land or a

bunker ship, into the tank 21. The loading pipe 30 in this

embodiment is provided on the lower side with respect to

the upper end 21t of the tank 21. The loading pipe 30

includes a first portion 31 and a second portion 32.

[0017]

The first portion 31 extends to follow the deck 5 above

the deck 5. A connection part 31j which is provided at a

bunker station or the like and connected to the outside of

the ship is formed at one end of the first portion 31. The

connection part 31j has, for example, a flange or the like,

and is provided on at least one (for example, the broadside

3A) of the broadsides 3A and 3B. The connection part 31j has an opening so as to face the outside in a ship width direction, for example. An end portion of a supply pipe

100 for supplying liquefied carbon dioxide from the outside

of the ship, such as a liquefied carbon dioxide supply

facility or a bunker ship, can be mounted to or dismounted

from the connection part 31j.

[0018]

The second portion 32 is provided to be continuous

with the other end of the first portion 31. The second

portion 32 has a downward extension portion 32a, an under

tank extension portion 32b, and a tank connection portion

32c.

[0019]

The downward extension portion 32a extends downward in

a ship height direction from the first portion 31 that is

located above the deck 5. The downward extension portion

32a extends from the space above the deck 5 to the space

below the deck 5 through an insertion hole 5g formed in the

deck 5 separately from the opening portion 5h, or the

opening portion 5h. A lower end portion of the downward

extension portion 32a is disposed on the lower side with

respect to the lower end 21b of the tank 21 in the up-down

direction Dv.

[0020]

The under-tank extension portion 32b is provided to be continuous with a lower end portion of the downward extension portion 32a. The under-tank extension portion

32b extends to follow the lower deck above the lower deck

6. The under-tank extension portion 32b is disposed on the

lower side with respect to the lower end 21b of the tank 21

supported by the saddle 22 in the up-down direction Dv.

[0021]

The tank connection portion 32c is provided to be

continuous with the under-tank extension portion 32b. The

tank connection portion 32c extends so as to rise upward

from the under-tank extension portion 32b. The tank

connection portion 32c is connected to the lower end 21b of

the tank 21. A pipe end 32t of the tank connection portion

32c is connected to a communication opening 21h formed at

the lower end 21b of the tank 21. The communication opening

21h makes the inside and the outside of the tank 21 to

communicate with each other at the lower end 21b of the tank

21. Here, the pipe end 32t of the second portion 32 is

provided at the same height as an inner peripheral surface

21f at the lower end 21b of the tank 21 in the up-down

direction Dv. In other words, the pipe end 32t of the

second portion 32 does not protrude toward the upper side

(in other words, the inside of the tank 21) with respect to

the inner peripheral surface 21f at the lower end 21b of

the tank 21, and is provided to be flush with the inner peripheral surface 21f. The pipe end 32t of the second portion 32 is open vertically upward on the inner peripheral surface 21f at the lower end 21b of the tank 21.

[0022]

In this way, the second portion 32 is connected to the

lower end 21b of the tank 21. The second portion 32 is

connected to the lower end 21b of the tank 21 from vertically

below. The loading pipe 30 as described above discharges

the liquefied carbon dioxide L, which is supplied from the

outside of the ship, into the tank 21 from the lower end

21b of the tank 21.

[0023]

(Operation and Effects)

In the ship 1 of the above embodiment, the loading

pipe 30 is provided on the lower side with respect to the

upper end 21t of the tank 21. In this way, a height

difference Ah between a liquid level Lf of the liquefied

carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 and the first portion 31

which is at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 can

be reduced as compared with a case where the loading pipe

30 is connected into the tank 21 from the upper portion (the

upper end 21t) of the tank 21.

By reducing the height difference Ah between the first

portion 31 and the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon

dioxide L in the tank 21, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first portion 31 disposed at the highest position of the loading pipe 30. As a result, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the first portion 31 of the loading pipe 30 can be restrained from approaching a triple point pressure, and therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to the solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30.

Therefore, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L

is contained in the tank 21, it is possible to suppress the

generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 30 and smoothly

perform the operation of the tank 21.

[00241

Further, in the ship 1 of the above embodiment, the

first portion 31 of the loading pipe 30 is provided above

the deck 5.

Therefore, it is not necessary to adopt a double pipe

or the like for the first portion 31, and thus an increase

in cost can be suppressed.

[0025]

Further, in the ship 1 of the above embodiment, the

second portion 32 of the loading pipe 30 is connected to

the lower end 21b of the tank 21 from below. Therefore,

for example, when the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank

21 is discharged from the tank 21 by using the loading pipe

30, gravity can be used depending on the position of the

liquid level Lf. Therefore, it becomes possible to shorten

a pump operation time for discharging liquefied carbon

dioxide or to use a pump with a lower capacity, and as a

result, it becomes possible to save energy and reduce the

size of the pump.

[0026]

Further, in the ship 1 of the above embodiment, the

pipe end 32t of the second portion 32 of the loading pipe

is provided at the same height as the inner peripheral

surface 21f at the lower end 21b of the tank 21 in the up

down direction Dv. Therefore, when the liquefied carbon

dioxide L in the tank 21 is discharged, the amount of the

liquefied carbon dioxide L remaining in the tank 21 can be

suppressed.

[0027]

(Other Embodiments)

The embodiment of the present disclosure has been

described in detail above with reference to the drawings.

However, the specific configurations are not limited to the

embodiment, and also include design changes or the like

within a scope which does not deviate from the gist of the

present disclosure.

In the above embodiment, a case where one loading pipe

is connected to one tank 21 provided in the hull 2 has been described. However, the loading pipe 30 may be provided such that a plurality of tanks 21 are connected to one loading pipe 30. In this manner, in a case where the plurality of tanks 21 are connected to one loading pipe 30, for example, the second portion 32 that is connected to each tank 21 may be provided to be branched from the first portion

31 of the loading pipe 30. That is, in a case where the

plurality of tanks 21 are connected to one loading pipe 30,

the loading pipe 30 includes one first portion 31 and a

plurality of second portions 32. In a case where the loading

pipe 30 includes one first portion 31 and the plurality of

second portions 32, a valve (not shown) or the like for

interrupting the supply of the liquefied carbon dioxide L

to the tank 21 may be provided at each of the second portions

32.

[0028]

For example, as shown in Fig. 3, the under-tank

extension portion 32b and the tank connection portion 32c

which are connected to each tank 21 may be connected to the

first portion 31 and the downward extension portion 32a of

the second portion 32 of the loading pipe 30. That is, the

loading pipe 30 may be made such that a plurality of under

tank extension portions 32b and tank connection portions

32c are branched from and connected to the first portion 31

and the downward extension portion 32a of the second portion

32 of one loading pipe 30. Also in this case, a valve (not

shown) for interrupting the supply of the liquefied carbon

dioxide L to the tank 21 may be provided in each of the

under-tank extension portion 32b and the tank connection

portion 32c that are connected to each tank 21.

[0029]

Further, in the configuration shown in Fig. 3, the

plurality of tanks 21 are connected to each other through

the under-tank extension portions 32b and the tank

connection portions 32c. In a case where the plurality of

tanks 21 are connected to each other through the under-tank

extension portions 32b and the tank connection portions 32c

in this manner, if the heights of the liquid levels Lf of

the liquefied carbon dioxide L are different from each other

between the plurality of tanks 21, the liquefied carbon

dioxide L can be exchanged through the under-tank extension

portions 32b and the tank connection portions 32c. That is,

it is also possible to send the liquefied carbon dioxide L

from a tank 21A, in which the liquid level Lf of the

liquefied carbon dioxide L is high, toward a tank 21B, in

which the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L

is low, by gravity without using a pump, for example.

[0030]

In the above embodiment, the first portion 31 of the

loading pipe 30 is provided so as to extend above the deck

(all-decks exposed to the outside). However, there is no

limitation thereto. The first portion 31 of the loading

pipe 30 may be provided to follow a deck other than the deck

5, for example, an upper deck provided above the deck 5 or

a lower deck such as a freeboard deck provided below the

deck 5. In this case, it is favorable if the tank 21 is

provided so as to straddle both the spaces above and below

the deck (the upper deck or the lower deck) provided with

the first portion 31 of the loading pipe 30 and at least

the upper end 21t protrudes to the upper side of the deck.

[0031]

The ship 1 described in the embodiment is grasped as

follows, for example.

[00321

(1) The ship 1 according to a first aspect includes:

the hull 2 having the pair of broadsides 3A and 3B and the

deck 5; the tank 21 having at least a part provided to

protrude to the upper side with respect to the deck 5, and

capable of storing the liquefied carbon dioxide L; and the

loading pipe 30 that is provided on the lower side with

respect to the upper end 21t of the tank 21 and loads the

liquefied carbon dioxide L, which is supplied from the

outside of the ship 1, into the tank 21, in which the loading

pipe 30 includes the first portion 31 extending above the deck 5 and having the connection part 31j for connection with the outside of the ship 1, and the second portion 32 extending downward from the first portion 31 and connected to the lower end 21b of the tank 21.

As the example of the deck 5, an exposure deck, a lower

deck such as a freeboard deck provided below the exposure

deck, an upper deck provided above the exposure deck, and

the like can be given.

[00331

In the ship 1, the loading pipe 30 is provided on the

lower side with respect to the upper end 21t of the tank 21.

In this way, the height of the highest position of the

loading pipe 30 can be reduced as compared with a case where

the loading pipe 30 is connected into the tank 21 from the

upper portion of the tank 21. The pressure of the liquefied

carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe

30 is lowered by the amount corresponding to a head pressure

according to the height difference with respect to the

pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the

tank 21. However, the height of the highest position of

the loading pipe 30 is reduced, so that it is possible to

suppress a decrease in the pressure of the liquefied carbon

dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30.

As a result, it is possible to restrain the pressure of the

liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 from approaching the triple point pressure.

In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of

dry ice due to the solidification of the liquefied carbon

dioxide L in the loading pipe 30. As a result, in a case

where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the

tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of

dry ice in the loading pipe 30 and smoothly perform the

operation of the tank 21.

[00341

(2) In the ship 1 according to a second aspect, in the

ship 1 of the above (1), the second portion 32 is connected

to the lower end 21b of the tank 21 from below.

[00351

In the ship 1, the second portion 32 of the loading

pipe 30 is connected to the lower end 21b of the tank 21

from below. Therefore, for example, when the liquefied

carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 is discharged from the tank

21 by using the loading pipe 30, gravity can be used

depending on the position of the liquid level Lf. Therefore,

it becomes possible to shorten a pump operation time for

discharging liquefied carbon dioxide or to use a pump with

a lower capacity, and as a result, it becomes possible to

save energy and reduce the size of the pump.

[00361

(3) In the ship 1 according to a third aspect, in the ship 1 of the above (2), the pipe end 32t of the second portion 32 that is connected to the lower end 21b of the tank 21 is provided at the same height as the inner peripheral surface 21f of the lower end 21b of the tank 21 in the up-down direction.

[00371

In the ship 1, the upper end 21t of the second portion

32 of the loading pipe 30 is provided at the same height as

the inner peripheral surface 21f at the lower end 21b of

the tank 21 in the up-down direction, and therefore, when

discharging the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21,

the amount of liquefied carbon dioxide L remaining in the

tank 21 can be suppressed.

Industrial Applicability

[00381

According to the ship of the present disclosure, it is

possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in a loading

pipe and smoothly perform the operation of a tank.

Reference Signs List

[00391

Throughout this specification and the claims which

follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word

"comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and

"comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of

a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

[0040]

The reference in this specification to any prior

publication (or information derived from it), or to any

matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an

acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that

that prior publication (or information derived from it) or

known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in

the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.

[0041]

While various embodiments of the present invention

have been described above, it should be understood that they

have been presented by way of example only, and not by way

of limitation. It will be apparent to a person skilled in

the relevant art that various changes in form and detail

can be made therein without departing from the spirit and

scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention should

not be limited by any of the above described exemplary

embodiments.

[0042]

1: ship

2: hull

2a: bow

2b: stern

3A, 3B: broadside

5: deck

5g: insertion hole

5h: opening portion

6: lower deck

7: superstructure

8: cargo tank storage compartment

21, 21A, 21B: tank

21b: lower end

21f: inner peripheral surface

21h: communication opening

21t: upper end

22: saddle

30: loading pipe

31: first portion

31j: connection part

32: second portion

32a: downward extension portion

32b: under-tank extension portion

32c: tank connection portion

32t: pipe end

100: supply pipe

Da: bow-stern direction

Dv: up-down direction

L: liquefied carbon dioxide

Lf: liquid level

Ah: height difference

Claims

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:

[Claim 1]

A ship comprising:

a hull having a pair of broadsides and a deck;

a tank on the hull so as to straddle a first space

above the deck and a second space below the deck, and capable

of storing liquefied carbon dioxide; and

a loading pipe that is provided on a lower side with

respect to an upper end of the tank and loads liquefied

carbon dioxide, which is supplied from an outside of the

ship, into the tank,

wherein the loading pipe includes

a first portion extending above the deck and having a

connection part for connection with the outside of the ship,

and

a second portion extending downward from the first

portion, installed from the first space to the second space,

and connected to a lower end of the tank.
[Claim 2]

The ship according to claim 1, wherein the second

portion is connected to the lower end of the tank from below.
[Claim 3]

The ship according to claim 2, wherein a pipe end of

the second portion that is connected to the lower end of

the tank is provided at the same height as an inner

peripheral surface of the lower end of the tank in an up

down direction.