AU606316B2

AU606316B2 - A reciprocating internal combustion engine including a separate gas chamber

Info

Publication number: AU606316B2
Application number: AU64317/86A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Tai-Her Yang
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1985-10-23
Filing date: 1986-10-23
Publication date: 1991-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2006-10-23
Also published as: EP0223435A1; EP0513868A2; EP0223435B1; CA1333869C; EP0513868A3; DE3687821D1; ES2037662T3; AU6431786A; DE3687821T2; IN172321B; ATE86004T1

Abstract

The engine according to the invention comprises a cylinder body (101) including at least one power piston/cylinder combination (104, 103) and at least one auxiliary piston/cylinder combination (108, 102) with the said combinations disposed in coaxial relationship, a separating wall disposed between adjacent piston/cylinder combinations, a connection rod (117) coaxially interconnecting the pistons (104, 108) for synchronous movement thereof between top- and bottom-dead-centre positions of the pistons and sealingly passing through said separating wall or walls, a connecting rod (106) and crank-shaft for converting reciprocal motion of the said combination into a rotational output, an exhaust port (109) for discharging exhaust gases from the cylinder (103) when the power piston (104) is in the region of bottom-dead-centre, an inlet port (111) including a one-way a valve (112) in communication with at least that auxiliary cylinder (102) adjacent the power cylinder, means for controlling operation of the said one-way valve (112) in accordance with the engine firing cycle, a gas transport passage (113) interconnecting a power cylinder (103) and an adjacent auxiliary cylinder (102), and a valve (114) for controlling transportation of gas through the passage (113), a gas pump chamber (102 min ) disposed on at least that side of an auxiliary piston (108) remote from an adjacent power piston (104) for compressing gaseous media, and means (110, 110 min ) for igniting a fuel/gas mixture in each power cylinder or injecting fuel into each power cylinder.

Description

SBR/as/119U O 0~1 munQ r ~e76 3B1 FORM 10 SPRUSON FERGUSON COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION

(ORIGINAL)

FOR OFFICE USE: 64-317/16 Class Int. Class Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Published: Priority: This document contains the amendments made under Section 49 and is correct for printing.

Related Art: t It Name of Applicant: Address of Applicant: Actual Inventor: Address for Service: TAI-HER YANG 5-1 Taipin Street, Si-Hu Town, Dzan-Hwa, Taiwan TAI-HER YANG Spruson Ferguson, Patent Attorneys, Level 33 St Martins Tower, 31 Market Street, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia Complete Specification for the invention entitled: "A RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE INCLUDING A SEPARATE GAS CHAMBER" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me SBR/as/119U I i ii i i SBR/JS/0227W 1A A RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE INCLUDING A SEPARATE GAS CHAMBER This invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine including a separate gas chamber.

There is disclosed herein a two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising: an engine block having an upper cylindrical gas chamber and a coaxial lower cylindrical gas chamber, a bottom portion of said upper gas chamber serving as a compression chamber, said lower chamber serving as a combustion chamber; a piston assembly comprising a lower piston located in said lower gas chamber and upper piston located in said upper gas chamber and dividing said upper chamber into two portions including a top upper chamber portion S" and the bottom upper chamber portion, and a connection shaft connecting o l1'5 said upper and lower pistons for moving both upper and lower pistons in oo phase with one another; sealing means for permitting reciprocating movement of said connection shaft within said upper and lower chambers and for providing a seal between said upper and lower chamber; 0o20 cooling means jacketing said sealing means for cooling said sealing means; 0 upper chamber intake means for allowing a fuel/air mixture to be S introduced into said bottom portion of said upper gas chamber; one-way upper chamber intake means for preventing the fuel/air mixture from exiting from said bottom portion of said upper gas chamber .i through said upper chamber intake means; an inter-chamber passageway located in a part of the engine block separating said upper and lower gas chambers and for permitting flow of the fuel/air mixture from said bottom portion of said upper chamber directly to said lower chamber and with the inter-chamber passageway located near the top of said lower chamber; crankshaft-cam controlled lower chamber intake valve means for controlling flow of the fuel/air mixture from via said inter-chamber passageway to said lower chamber; lower chamber exit means for permitting the contents of said lower gas chamber to be discharged from said chamber, said lower chamber exit o> t o.eans located near the bottom of said lower chamber and controlled by RLF/STA/25491 ii I r, -2travel of said lower piston thereby facilitating exhaustion of the combustion produces of the fuel/air mixture from said lower gas chamber when a fresh fuel/air mixture enters said lower gas chamber from said crankshaft-cam controlled lower chamber intake valve means directly from said inter-chamber passageway; wherein the fuel/air mixture from a fuel/air mixture source passes in sequence through said one way upper chamber intake means, said bottom portion of said upper chamber, said inter-chamber passageway in said engine block, and said crankshaft-cam controlled lower chamber intake valve means prior to entry into said lower chamber; ignition means for igniting the fuel/air mixture in said lower chamber, said ignition means automatically periodically being energized and unenergized in coordination with the automatic operation of said crankshaft-cam controlled lower chamber intake valve means.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A preferred form of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine, Fig. 1-1 is another schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine, i i

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i i r r:j if ii Fig. 2-1 is combustion engine Fig. 2-2 is combustion engine Fig. 2-3 is combustion engine Fig. 2-4 is combustion engine Fig. 2-5 is embodiment of an Fig. 2-6 is combustion engine Fig. 2-7 is engine of Fig. 2a schematic sectional elevational view of showing the path of gas inlet thereto, a schematic sectional elevational view of showing a path of gas flow therethrough, a schematic sectional elevational view of at a point of ignition, a schematic sectional elevational view of during an exhaust stroke, a schematic sectional elevational view of internal combustion engine, a schematic sectional elevational view of having an outer pressure reservoir, a further schematic sectional elevational 6 an internal an internal an internal an internal an alternative an internal view of the R/ RLF/STA/25491 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine comprising a gas pump, Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal 3 combustion engine in combination with a turbocharger, Fig. 4-1 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine comprising 3 pistons, Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine associated with a liquid pump, Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine associated with a magnetic electric generation means, Fig. 6-1 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal combustion engine including an alternative embodiment of the magnetic electric generation means of Fig. 6, Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an internal 1 combustion engine similar to that shown in Fig. 6-1, Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional elevational view of a conventional engine having magnetic electric power generation means attached thereto, Fig. 8-1 is a schematic sectional elevational view of a -fluid pump coupled with a conventional engine, Fig. 8-2 is a schematic sectional elevational view of a pump coupled with a conventional engine, Fig. 8-3 is a schematic sectional elevational view of a fluid pump coupled with a conventional engine, °oo Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an engine having different cylinder diameters, Fig. 9-1 is a further schematic sectional elevational view of the engine of Fig. 9 Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional elevational view of a further embodiment of an engine having different cylinder diameters, Fig. 10-1 is a further view of the engine of Fig. Fig. 11 is a schematic sectional elevational view of a 4 stroke engine having different cylinder diameters, Fig. 11-1 is a further schematic sectional elevational view of the engine of of Fig. 11 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In Figs. 1 and 1-1 of the accompanying drawings a cylinder block 101 S omprises an upper gas chamber 102 and a lower .s chamber 103. The lower T ylinder block is equipped with a lower piston 104 attached by link pin 105 and a connecting rod 105 to the crankshaft 107.

KLN/2549' 4 i

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i- -4- The upper piston 108 is located between the upper cylindrical gas chamber 102 and the lower piston 105. A linkage member 117 connects upper piston 108 to lower piston 205. Thus both the upper and lower pistons oscillate in phase. In Fig. 1, the exhaust opening 109 is located in a lower region of the lower gas chamber.

A sparkplug 110 is located at a top region of the lower gas chamber.

An intake opening 111 is located in a lower region of the upper gas chamber 102. A one-way valve 112 is provided in opening ill.

A combustion gas transport passage 113 is provided in a lower region of the upper gas chamber. The gas passage 113 communicates with an upper region of the lower gas chamber.

An inlet valve 114 is provided in gas passage 113. The inlet valve 114 is connected by means of a push rod to a cam which is located on the crankshaft.

A gas pump chamber 102' is formed near the upper side of the upper piston 10 and the upper section of the upper gas chamber. Gas openings 119 may be provided in a plate affixed to the top of the cylinder block.

Additional inlet and outlet valves to form a pump for water, oil or gas may be provided.

t'26 In use, when piston 4 reaches top dead centre, ignition occurs.

Combustion gases enter the upper gas chamber 102 through intake opening 111 via one-way valve 112. When the upper piston 108 moves downward and the combustion gas is compressed In a lower region of the gas chamber, the inlet valve 114 is opened, the combustion gas then enters the lower gas '2S chamber 103 through the gas passage 113 and exhaust gas Is then passed through the exhaust opening to atmosphere. When the lower piston 104 returns to the top dead centre position, sparkplug 110 ignites and fresh combustion gases explode. At this time, the upper piston 108 is prepared for the next compression stroke,, A cooling opening 116 Is provi.ded so as to cool an oil seal 118 coupled with the link member 117.

As shown in Fig. 2-5, the member linking upper and lower pistons 108 and 104 may be provided with passageways 202, 203. The function of such passageways is the same as that of passageway 103 and valve 104 depicted in Fig. 1-1.

KLN/25491 51 A similar structure is depicted In Figs. 2-6 and 2-7. Two sides of the upper piston 208 form two intake gas chambers. Chamber 204 is equipped with a one-way intake valve and a one-way exhaust valve 206.

A gas pump chamber 204' is formed above the upper gas chamber. A one-way intake valve 205' and one-way exhaust valve 206' are provided. The two intake valves 205 and 205' are each connected separately to a carburettor. The two exhaust valves are connected separately with a pressure reservoir 207. The pressure reservoir 207 accepts compressed combustion gas which is pumped upward and downward by the upper piston.

The space between the upper opening of the pressure reservoir and the combustion chamber is used to accept combustion gas. Should jet feed oil be used, the intake fresh air is compressed and the oil fed directly to a jet nozzle.

The advantages of the abovesaid design are as follows: 1, The intake opening is located diagonally with respect to the exhaust opening. Hence the elimination of waste gas is easier and combustion efficiency and engin 'lower are increased.

2. The curved shaft and the piston lubrication system can be of semi-closed dipping type, so that the combustion oil system is separated from the lubrication system, Hence, there is no need to mix lubricating oil and motor oil to gasolene and thus pollution is decreased.

3. Fewer parts are required.

4. As a pumping function is inherent in the upper piston, it can be used as a fluid pump. More particularly, as depicted in Fig. 3 as a '2S compression air pump, ths traditional transmission and independent gas pump cylinders of the prior art are not needed. Therefore, a reduction In cost and an increase in efficiency is provided.

above the upper gas chamber. An air filter 303 Is connected upstream of the intake valve 301. A pressure reservoir 304 is connected to the exhaust valve 302 via a pressure reducing valve 305. A monometer 306 is provided on the reservoir 304. In Fig. 4, a turbocharger 401, 402 is provided.

Turbine 401 is connected by means of a shaft to a compressor 402 which is coupled with the Intake opening 403. Inlet duct 404 Is connected with a carburettor, The upper reg.,n of the upper gas chamber and each side of O the upper piston 406 form a gas pump cylinder 405. Inlet 407 is equipped ith a one-way valve 408. The pump outlet 407 is connected by way of drive KLN/25491 ii 6 inlet 409 to turbine 401. Exhaust gases are then expelled by way of duct 410.

As depicted in FIg. 4-1, a third piston 421 over the upper piston is provided in a third cylinder 422. The gas pumping function is provided by double gas chambers 423 and 424. Adding the original piston 425 and the upper section of the upper gas chamber 426 to them, a gas pump is formed.

The latter can input the pressurized gas Into the pressure reservoir 427.

Each intake opening of the abovesaid pump chamber is equipped with a one-way valve 428, 429 and 430 for the input of combustion gases from the carburettor. Each outlet is equipped with a one-way valve 431, 432 and 433 each then connected to pressure reservoir 427. There is a one-way valve 434 between the pressure reservoir and the main pressurizing gas chamber 475. An intake door which can be adjusted is located between the main pressurizing gas chamber 435 and the combustion chamber.

As depicted in Fig. 5, a filter 501 is provided for the input fluids. An inlet valve 502 is connected with the filter and an inlet t, opening of the upper side of the upper pump chamber. The outlet valve 503 r t is connected with a pressurizing valve 504.

As depicted in Fig. 6, a permanent magnet 601 is provided above upper o*O piston 101. An electromagnet 603 is also provided. Conducting wires 604 are attached to electromagnet 603. A set of carbon brushes 605 and connecting rod 606 are also provided. During oscillation of the pistons, an inductive voltage is generated due to the change in magnetic field o between the magnetizing pole and an electric coil 607 and thus electrical °'26 energy is produced.

The position of the permanent magnet and the el,.,trlc generating winding can be reversed as shown in Fig. 6-1. A magnetic field is produced by the permanent magnet 601' or the ring coil 602'.

Furthermore, the above described electric generating apparatus can be 3p provided on the upper side of the upper piston as depicted in Fig. 7. In Fig. 7, upper link 701 is connected with upper side of the upper piston 108. A gas seal cover 702 is used to seal the upper gas chamber around upper link 701. In this embodiment, upper link 701 is the magnetizing pole, 704 is the electric generating winding and 705 Is an iron core.

Electric energy is transmitted to the moving parts using the conducting rod and carbon brushes or the soft conducting wire. The diameter and relative dimensions can be selected for power matching with the electric generating equipment.

KLN/25491

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-4 r '0 o oer "A 04 a 0 0 00 t a 0 00 0 7- The above described electric generating device can also be employed with conventional engines as depicted In Fig. 8 for example. As depicted, the outer ring electric generating equipment is fixed while the middle electric equipment is linked with the piston. The inverse is possible whereby the outer ring electric equipment is dynamic and the middle electric equipment is static.

As depicted in Fig. 9, different cylinder diameters may be provided.

More particularly, furthermore, different piston diameters may be provided. In Fig. 9, chamber 9-2 is an explosion gas chamber while chamber 901 is a pressure input gas chamber. The piston 903 has a transverse pin 904 connected by way of a connecting rod 905 to crankshaft 906. A sparkplug 907 or a fuel nozzle 907' and a one-way intake valve 908 connected with a pressure reservoir are provided near the top of the upper chamber, An exhaust opening 909 is provided in a lower region of the ,15 explosion gas chamber 902. A one-way inlet valve 910 and a one-way exhaust valve 911 connected with the pressure reservoir 912 are also provided.

After starting of the engine, combustion gases are stored under pressure in pressure reservoir 912 during each work cycle since the pressure input volume is larger than the explosion gas chamber. During the intake travel, °20 the inlet valve is opened and fresh air enters the combustion chamber.

Lubricating oil can be distributed by a pump leaf blade provided on the crankshaft so as to provide lubrication to the friction surfaces, In Fig. 10, the engine housing 1001 has gas chambers with large and small diameters respectively in which the upper gas chamber is a gas explosion chamber 1002 and the lower chamber of larger diameter is a pump chamber 1003 used to pump fluid. A one-way valve 1004 is provided near the top of lower gas chamber and a one-way outlet 1005 is also provided, A transmission rod 801 may be provided on the piston so as to extend through the cylinder cover 802. The gas seal cover 803 serves to sepl the 30 linear drive electric generating device parts between the transmission rod 801 and cylinder cover 802 and can move back and forth depending on the movement of the piston.

In Fig. 11 and 11-1 a four stroke engine is depicted. The structures and principles ,Ire the same as those previously described herein with the exception of a change of the ignition plug and Injection nozzle and Z$4\ selection of compression ratio.

'0ao~ *0 4 4( ll i. .11*i Iniii-ff j KLN/2'5491 -4.

Claims

1. A two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising: an engine block having an upper cylindrical gas chamber and a coaxial lower cylindrical gas chamber, a bottom portion of said upper gas chamber serving as a compression chamber, said~ lower chamber serving as a combustion chamber; a piston assembly comprising a lower piston located in said lower gas chamber and upper piston located in said upper gas chamber and dividing said upper chamber into two portions including a top upper chamber portion and the bottom upper chamber portion, and a connection shaft connecting said upper and lower pistons for moving both upper and lower pistons in phase with one another; sealing means for permitting reciprocating movement of said connection shaft within said upper and lower chambers and for providing a seal between said upper and lower chamber; cooling means jacketing said sealing means for cooling said sealing means; upper chamber intake means for allowing a fuel/air mixture to be j introduced into said bottom portion of said upper gas chamber; one-way upper chamber intake means For preventing the fuel/air mixture from exiting from said bottom portion bf Wad upper gas chamber It through said upper chamber intake means; an inter-chamber passageway located in a part of the engine block separating said upper and lower gas chambers al~d for permitting flow of the fuel/air mixture from said bottom portion of said upper chamber directly to said lower chamber and with the Inter-chamber passageway located near the top of said lower chamber; crankshaft-cam controlled lower cha-l-er intake valve means for controlling flow of the fuel/air mixture from via said inter-chamber passageway to said lower chamber; lower chamber exit means for permitting the contents of said lower gas chamber to be discharged from said chamber, said lower chamber exit means located near the bottom of said lower chamber and controlled by travel of said lower piston thereby facilitating exhaustion of the RLF'/STA/25491 -9- combustion produces of the fuel/air mixture from said lower gas chamber when a fresh fuel/air mixture enters said lower gas chamber from said crankshaft-cam controlleJ lower chamber intake valve means directly from said inter-chamber passageway; I wherein the fuel/air mixture from a fuel/air mixture source passes in isequence through said one way upper chamber intake means, said bottom portion of said upper chamber, said inter-chamber passageway in said engine bluck, and said crankshaft-cam controlled lower chamber intake valve means prior to entry into said lower chamber; Signition means for igniting the fuel/air mixture in said lower chamber, said ignition means automatically periodically being energized and unenergized In coordination with the automatic operation of said crankshaft-cam controlled lower chamber intake valve means, 2, The engine of claim 1 wherein the combustion produces are directed to a fluid pump.

3. The engine according to claim 1 wherein the combustion produces are fed to a turbocharger for supercharging intake air to a carburettor. I4. The engine according to any one of the preceding claims including electrical energy generating means comprising a permanent magnet or an electro-magnetizable coil supported by an auxilliary piston, and a power supply for the coil whereby displacement of the piston generates a Svoltage by a change in magnetic flux between a magnetized pole and the permanent magnet or coil, The engine according to claim 4 wherein the electrical energy generating means comprises a rod which constitutes an extension of said piston assembly.

6. The engine according to any one of the preceding laitns wherein said upper and lower gas chambers are of different volume.

7. The engine of claim 1 wherein said upper and lower gas chambers have smaller and larger diameters respectively as do the upper and lower pistons respectively, the lower piston being connected by way of a connecting rod to a crankshaft, and wherein the ignition means is a sparkplug or fuel nozzle. %I t RLF/STA/25191 I u~ ru -l(i 10

8. The engine of claim 6 wherein the chamber with the larger volume is operable as a fluid pump.

9. An engine substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings, excluding the engine depicted in Figs. 8, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 9, 9-1, 10, 10-1, 11 and 11-1. DATED this SIXTEENTH day of OCTOBER 1990 Tai-Her Yang Patent Attorneys for the Applicant SPRUSON FERGUSON RLF/STA/25491 3 s