AU607010B2 - Water bath wetting device - Google Patents
Water bath wetting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU607010B2 AU607010B2 AU24184/88A AU2418488A AU607010B2 AU 607010 B2 AU607010 B2 AU 607010B2 AU 24184/88 A AU24184/88 A AU 24184/88A AU 2418488 A AU2418488 A AU 2418488A AU 607010 B2 AU607010 B2 AU 607010B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- water bath
- wetting
- water
- char
- conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100165177 Caenorhabditis elegans bath-15 gene Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
- C10J3/845—Quench rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
- C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Description
S F Ref: 73732 FORM COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(ORIGINAL)
FOR GFFICE USE: Class Int Class a ai:. i. S S. t Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Published: 000 o 0000 0 00 0 00 a Go 0 0 0 o 0000 0000 00 0 o 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 o 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 o0 a o 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 Priority: Related Art: Name and Address of Applicant: Shell Internetonale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Carel van Bylandtlaan 2596 HR The Hague THE NETHERLANDS Address for Service: Spruson Ferguson, Patent Attorneys Level 33 St Martins Tower, 31 Market Street Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia Complete Specification for the invention entitled: Hlater Bath Wetting Device The following statement is a full deseription of this invention, including the best method of performing It known to me/us '4 5845/3 1 T 7017
ABSTRACT
WATER BATH WETTING DEVICE A method and apparatus for wetting char and slag in a water bath below a coal gasification reactor operated under various conditions, such as different coal types. The said apparatus, which employs a conduit supplied with water and a wetting agent, is provided with replaceable threaded nozzles for wetting the slag to facilitate removal of various slags having particular wetting characteristics.
tIt t
I
TJ.1/T7017 G J -2- The present invention relates to an apparatus for wetting char and slag in a water bath.
More in particular, the invention relates to such an apparatus in a water bath below a coal gasification reactor.
Conventional systems for quenching molten slag from a coal gasification reactor typically employ an annular duct perforated with holes Si for injecting oil therefrom in a random manner to wet slag in a water bath below and sink the slag for example such as those disclosed in U.S. patent specification Nos. 4,425,254 and 4,323,366. The perforated ducts used in these systems have a fixed number of holes each with a fixed diameter and fixed angle of injection for a selected type of coal having speciflc i; wetting characteristics.
Various operating conditions such as the type or coal being gasified i can change the wetting characteristics of the unconverted carbon particles of slag and char. Conventional systems may require the replacement of the !i entire annular duct apparatus for another configuration.
However, providing a quenching system which is easily adjustable for the different wetting characteristics of different coal types producing characteristic amounts of char and slag would allow more flexibility to operate the coal gasification process under a wider range of operating conditions.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provi&. an apparatus for wetting char and slag in a water bath, which overcome the above problems.
The present invention therefore provides an apparatus for wetting char and slag discharged under a coal gasification reactor to a water bath located below the reactor, comprising a spray mechanism to suit coals of different wetting characteristics, said spray mechanism comprising a separate interchangeable annular conduit; means for installing the conduit above the water bath; the conduit being provided with threaded orifices i disposed about the annular conduit; the orifices having selected replaceable nozzles screwed therein; and means for injecting water or water and a wetting agei;t or water and a coagulating agent through the annular conduit wherein the diameter of the nozzles is 0),6 to 1.3cm.
As already indicated In the above, the present invention relates in particular to an apparatus for wetting char and slag in a water bath below a coal gasification reactor, hereinafter referred to as a gasifier, wherein tXsynthesis gas is generated.
,VKX&92y ~i 3 Generation of synthesis gas occurs by partially combusting organic or carbonaceous fuel, such as coal, at relatively high temperatures in the range of 800 to 2000 0 C and at a pressure range of from about 1 to 200 bar in the presence of oxygen or oxygen-containing gases in a gasifier. Steam, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen-containing gases including air, oxygen-enriched air, and oxygen are optionally diluted with nitrogen and/or other inert gases.
The combustion may be complete or partial, the object of the combustion process being the production of synthesis gas for power generations.
In the present invention, the ash which is the inorganic, incombustible mat.erial is separated from the fu, during the combustion of the mineral fuel.
Depending on the operating conditions under which combustion takes place, in particular the temperature and the quality of the fuel, the ash is mainly obtained in solid (hereinafter referred to as char) or liquid (hereinafter referred to as slag) condition or in a combination thereof. The char and slag exit the gasifier through a discharge opening, often referred to as a slag tap, and are generally collected in a water bath located below the slag tap of the reactor. In the 25 water bath both char and slag are cooled, the slag is solidified, and char and slag are subsequently discharged.
It is recognized by those skilled in the art that varying operating conditions, such as the temperature, quality, and type of fuel, can cause changes in the char and slag wetting characteristics and quantity. As a result, the conditions for removal the char and slag change.
The present invention relates to wetting the char and slag in the water bath to facilitate separating the i i i y
I
!;i
I
;I i; ii I -4char and s:Lna from water. A circular conduit containing water and possibly as wetting agent is provided with threaded ports for changing the nozzle configuratic~i depending on the wetting characteristics of the char D. and slag.
An advantage of the present invention is the capability of adjusting the wetting of the char and in the water bath according to ascertained wetting characteristics of the char and slag.
Although the invent~ion is described hereinafter primarily with reference to particulate coal, the method and apparatus according to the invention are are also suitable for other catalytic or finely divided parti cui Late reactive solids such as those which can be combust~ed as, for example, lignite, anthracite, U bitumintous brown coal, soot, petroleum coke and the like.. Advantageously, the size of the solid carbonaceous fuel is such that about 90 percent by weight of the fuel has a particle size smaller than No.
6 mesh 4The invention will now be des~ribed by way of J example in more detail by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. I illustrates a sectional view of an apparatus of the invention; Fig. 2 illustrates an angle of impingement of a nozzle configuration, applied in the apparatus of fig.
Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the nozzle configuration of fig,. 2; Fig. 4 ia a cross-section of an alternate nozzle configuration: and Fig. 5 is a plan view of an advantageous embodiment of a nozzle con'Ziguration.
The drawings are of the process flow type in which4
'A
5 i j: i: i.
i r: i auxiliary equipment, such as pumps, compressors, cleaning devices, etc. are not show.
Referring to Fig. l1an apparatus, such as a conduit 26, for wetting char and slag 11 in a water bath 15 generally includes a nozzle configuration (shown in detail in Fig. 2) to achieve adequate wetting of the char and slag 11. For reason of clarity no specific details of the gasifier have been shown.
Factors considered in selecting the configuration include the diameter of the nozzle 12, the force of the water, including possibly a wetting agent injected through the conduit 26 to impinge on the char and slag 11 in the water bath 15, the angle of impingement 14, and the direction of the nozzle 12 with respect to the location of the discharge opening 16 (Fig. 1) of the water bath Referring to Fig. 3, the diameter of the nozzle 12 should be about 0,6-1,3 cm to yield a velocity of about 3 m per second which will force the char and slag particles to sink while preventing the nozzle 12 from plugging with solids contained in the water recycled to the conduit 26.
The angle of impingement 14 (Fig. 2) of the water and wetting agent from the nozzle 12 with respect to the surface 28 (Fig. 1) of the water bath 15 is advantageously about, 30 degrees.
The nozzles 12 are directed inwardly (Fig. 1) towards the discharge opening 16 (Fig. 1) of the water t bath 15 to facilitate separation and removal of the 30 char and slag.
It is recognized that various combinations of the above configurations could be used such as nozzles of different diameters and forces, angles of impingement, etc.
6 The selected configuration is installed, advantageously by screwing each selected nozzle 12 into a threaded orifice 17 as shown in Fig. 3. e threaded orifice 17 provides the capability of replac.ng the S nozzle 12 with another nozzle 18 having a smaller diameter and greater angle if impingement with respect to the horizontal as shown i Fig. 4 to yield u greater force for sinking the char ani slag to the bottom of the water bath At least one fluid, advantageously water, which is recirculated from the water bath 15 and a wetting agent are supplied to the conduit 26 as shown in Fig. Jets of water are formed in a single row (Fig. 2) with nozzles directed inwardly at an angle of about degrees from the horizontal. The char and slag particles 11 (Fig. 1) which have fallen into the water bath 15 are agitated to set the particles in motion one against the other. To facilitate coagulation, a coagulant can be added 'co the water supplied to the conduit 26. The char and slag particles agglomerate and sink to the bottom of the water bath 15 and are subsequently removed.
Various modifications of the present invention 't will become apparent to those skilled in the art from 25 the foregoing description. Such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
.1
LI
Claims (4)
1. 7 -7- The claims defining the invention are as follows: 1. An apparatus for wetting char and slag discharged under a coal gasification 'eactor to a water bath located below the reactor, comprising 4 a spray mechanism to suit coals of different wetting characteristics, said spray mechanism comprising a separate interchangeable annular conduit; means for installing the conduit above the water bath; the conduit being provided with threaded orifices disposed about the annular conduit; the orifices having selected replaceable nozzles screwed therein; and means for injecting water or water and a wetting agent or water and a coagulating agent through the annular conduit wherein the diameter of the nozzles is 0.6 to 1.3cm.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the annular conduit is provided with differing angles of nozzle inclination to vary the angle of spray inclination.
S3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the nozzles are i directed inwardly to the water bath surface at an angle of about 30 degrees from the horizontal.
4. An apparatus for wetting char and slag discharged under a coal Sgasification reactor to a water bath located below the reactor, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the accompanying drawings. DATED this THIRTEENTH day of NOVEMBER 1990 Se..oo Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. 0 0 t 0 Patent Attorneys for the Applicant I SPRUSON FERGUSON 00 ii KXW:892y
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11190287A | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | |
| US111902 | 1987-10-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2418488A AU2418488A (en) | 1989-04-27 |
| AU607010B2 true AU607010B2 (en) | 1991-02-21 |
Family
ID=22341049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU24184/88A Ceased AU607010B2 (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1988-10-21 | Water bath wetting device |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0318071B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH01135897A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1014069B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU607010B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3872357T2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA887883B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0623549Y2 (en) * | 1988-04-30 | 1994-06-22 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Coal gasifier slag discharge device |
| JPH086103B2 (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1996-01-24 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | Gasifier |
| DE4230124A1 (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 1994-03-10 | Babcock Energie Umwelt | Device for cooling hot gases |
| US8382902B2 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2013-02-26 | Seagate Technology Llc | Single disc vapor lubrication |
| EP1687391B1 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2019-04-17 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Spray ring and reactor vessel provided with such a spray ring and a method of wetting char and/or slag in a water bath |
| DE102004041268B4 (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2007-10-04 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Brake fluid reservoir for a vehicle |
| US8317885B2 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2012-11-27 | Shell Oil Company | Apparatus for gasifying fuel with a dripper edge and heat shield |
| JP5535912B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2014-07-02 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | Quenching vessel |
| ES2384130T3 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2012-06-29 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Spray nozzle manifold and process for cooling a hot gas using such an arrangement |
| DE102008012732A1 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-10 | Uhde Gmbh | Gasification device with slag removal |
| EP2321388B1 (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2015-09-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Self cleaning arrangement |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2014284A (en) * | 1978-01-24 | 1979-08-22 | British Gas Corp | Removing Slag |
| US4487611A (en) * | 1981-10-23 | 1984-12-11 | Sulzer Brothers Limited | Gas cooler for a synthetic gas |
| AU5483886A (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1986-09-25 | Dennis Michael Boyanich | Boom spray |
-
1988
- 1988-10-19 EP EP88202343A patent/EP0318071B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-19 DE DE8888202343T patent/DE3872357T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-20 CN CN88107245A patent/CN1014069B/en not_active Expired
- 1988-10-21 ZA ZA887883A patent/ZA887883B/en unknown
- 1988-10-21 AU AU24184/88A patent/AU607010B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-21 JP JP63264281A patent/JPH01135897A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2014284A (en) * | 1978-01-24 | 1979-08-22 | British Gas Corp | Removing Slag |
| US4487611A (en) * | 1981-10-23 | 1984-12-11 | Sulzer Brothers Limited | Gas cooler for a synthetic gas |
| AU5483886A (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1986-09-25 | Dennis Michael Boyanich | Boom spray |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2418488A (en) | 1989-04-27 |
| ZA887883B (en) | 1989-07-26 |
| CN1032811A (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| DE3872357T2 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
| EP0318071B1 (en) | 1992-06-24 |
| EP0318071A1 (en) | 1989-05-31 |
| JPH01135897A (en) | 1989-05-29 |
| CN1014069B (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| DE3872357D1 (en) | 1992-07-30 |
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