AU608589B2 - A liquid non-caustic pre-spotting composition - Google Patents

Description

f y: 2 I Regiotored Patent Attorney Tot The Commico onr oI PX atento 'fQ%*.MM"KATliI11 OF- AUSTRALTA -ma o .W *i II -i I- r~.r~lL I~ eL~ C0Mo1NWqa H QIf OF itbR1jAL Patent Act 1952 COMPP L E E S P E C 1 F IC A T

(ORIGINAL)

Class Int. Class Application Number Lodged Complete Specification Lodged rThis docunlint coltains the uTJ1-n:(id'r'!ts 11ade tnder Sectioii 49 and is correct for printiag.

:r Accepted Published Priority 10 April 1987 1>1 I" i sii

'I

t Q I0 Related Art i I Name of Applicant Address of Applicant Actual Inventor/s Address for Service COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY 300 Park Avenue, New York, New York, 10022, United States of America Shaw-Lin Han; Kuo-Yann Lai; Edward P. Duliba SF.B. RICE CO., Patent Attorneys, 28A Montague Street, BALMAIN 2041.

Complete Specification for the invention entitled: liquid Non-Caustic Pre-Spotting Composition".

The following statement is a full description of this invention including tne best method of performing it known to us/.e:l lrd a York I.S.A. utsii .t D, t ta i. Io, Iro I)dlaranljs NaniO v P. Ri Qr nPATFN r ATTORNEYS BACKGROU17M OF TIE IfVENTION This invention relates to compositions in the form of liquids, sprays, gelas, and pastes, vhich remove dried-on and cooked-on food and other dIfficult-to-remove voilo from kitchen utennils, flatware, dishes, glassware, cookware, bakeware, cooking surfaces, and surrounding arena in a convenient, oasy, timely, and mild manner.

Of the difficult-to-remove soila, the moot severe is the baked and/or burned-on (especially when reheated and/or allowed to build up over time). Soil categories include grease, meat (including akin), dairy, fruit pie filling, carbohydrate, and starch. Soiled substrate categorica include aluminum, iron, stainless steel, enamel, Cormingwarc, Pyrex, and #too S other glass cookware.

o Current light duty liquid detergents are dramatically deficient in o these areas. The consumer has to soak soiled items for long periods of a o o S' o time in these solutions, and then use harsh cleaning methods (scouring with steel wool or scouring cleanser) to remove the remaining soil.

0 000 too To speed up the process and increase efficacy of cleaning these soils, the consumer will resort to heat, scraping, and harsh chemicals (e.g.

06 ID 00 ,o caustic oven cleaners).

Deficiencies in these cleaning methods include time consumption for soaking and scouring, physical effort required for scouring and scraping, irritation to hands from harsh cleaning chemicals and methods, damage to objects from harsh chemicals and methods, unpleasant fumes and odors, and danger from heated solutions. Though non-caustic cleaners are listed in the literature, none are directed to the cleaning compositions of the present invention.

-1- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF 711Y INVEWfION The liquid pre-spotting compositions of the present invention consist of five major components. The first three (the ternary system) include surtactanto (nonionic, anionic and their combinationn), builder sata, ond an amine. The fourth component in water, and the fifth !a a solvent system by which the efficacy of the ternary system in enhanced. Such solvent system utilizes specific individual organic solvents or certain binary solvent systems comprising mixtures of at least two organic solvents. These compositions may be formulated a# clear, single-phase iquids. sprays, gels, or pastes and dispensed from bottles, pump spray#, aerosol cans, squeeze bottles, or paste dispensers, It has been found S 10 that applying the caustic-free compositions of the present invention to 0 soiled vurfacis removes the above mentioned soils at ambient temperature 0 400000{n a relatively short period of time (from 10 to 30 minutes) without need for heat. long soaking times. scouring, or harsh chemicals, 0 00 Formulations according to the present invention comprise: 0 00 a. from about 1 to 40%, and preferably 4 to 20%. of a surfactant a 00a 4 selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactanta. nonionic 0.0 surfactanto and mixtures thereof; b. up to about 10% of a builder selected from the group 4 4 consisting of polyphosphates. pyrophosphateg, citrates, and carbonates; a as c. up to about 2% of afi amine selected from the group c 44. or -oa t-1'- 4 'fl* d.ta14 a thnn'.

d. water: and e. further comprising from about 3 to 50% a solvent, which solvent is selected from the groups consist' g of: i) sulfolane, propylene ycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene col monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glyco onoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate. diethylene glycol dinethyl ether. ethrylene glycol dimethyl ether, dietbylene glycol dietbyl ether, and m~xturea.±thexaDL.

consisting of monoe hanolam ide, lip thanclaninp, inlI triethanolarnine; 1. water; and 0. ftirther oipri~inq A)veftj wh.ih iz 41.v en -1 coeted from the groups conziztinq of: j iL. -Aulfolane, pcopy.lene Ilco monomethyl Ptno>r ac(etat, diLpropy.Cene 3ly--l monornethy. othiit 30c0tte, ethylene 5jy-=l monoethy-I ether acetate, fliethylene glyco. monoethyl. other acetate, diothylene glycol Jimethyl ether, ethylene cjlycol dimothyl other, and mixtur er thereof, in an amount of from 15-5O""1 ii. diethyleno glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and :4-methyl 2-pyrroliclone, in an amount of 3-20' 1 anti iii# a mixture of two solvents, the first such solvent selected from the group consisting of 0 ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate, making up 5-17"$ of the composition, and the second such solvent selected from the group consisting of acetone, N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone and methyl ethyl 0 0C. 0 ketone, making up 15-34% of the composition, 0 0 awherein the ratio of the first solvent to the 00 a second solvent ranges from 1:4 to 1:2 by %,eight.

S00: 4 0 0 0% monobutyl ether, and N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone; and- M.i)a mixture of two solvents., the first mu solvent comprising 5-17% of an acetate me ted from the group consisting of ethyl acetate d n-propyl acetate, and the second such solvent rising 15-34%Z of a solvent selected from the grou onsisting of acetone, N-methyl 2-pyrro 'one and methyl ethyl ketone, wherein the ratio of t~h first solvent to the second solvent may range from 104 S to 1:2.

Additionally, such formulations may include: f.up to about 22Z imi1dazole; and g. up to about 6% of Loam booster, a foam otabilizeri and a viscosity adjusting agent.

0 It has now been found that the problem of removing cooked-on and dried-on food residues from utensils, dishes. etc., can be resolved by 0 applying thereto for a relatively short time (10-30 minutes) the prespotting composition of the present invention.

0 00 0 0 In accordance with the invention, the removal of cocked-on soils is thus effected by: contacting such soiled dishes, balcevare, or utensils with an effective amount of the above-identified pre-spotting compositions; allowing an effective amount of time (at least about minutes) for the composition to soak through the soil; and then rinsing the affected soiled surfaces to remove the pre-spotting composition and the loosened soilo, KEY To INGREXDIENTS HEREIN AEDS Alcohol ethoxylate sulfate Butoxydiglycol (CTFA name) Dietbylene glycol monobutyl ether- Butyl Carbitol Union Carbide.

Butcrxyathamol (CTIA nme) Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether- Butyl Cellooolve Union Carbide.

C TAB- My-riityl trimetbyl ammonium bromide 14 Cocamide DEA (CTFA name) -Coconut diethuanolamaide Monoamid 150 ADD Mona Cocoamidopropyl Betaine urco Coco iBetaine Oxyx DEA -Diethanolamine EDTA Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid. sodium salt Lauric/Myriatic Dietbanolamide The fatty acid of the amide In a mixture of lauric, and myrintic acids, uoually in a proportion of 1:3 to 3:1 and preferably about I'll. Thus. Ruch material In really a mixture of two different dietbanolaxiden but in generally named for convenience as lauric/myriatic, diethanolaxide or LMDEA, S 10 LDBS -Sodium linear dodecyl. benzene oulfonate (55Z A.I.) Q 9 ~EA-Monoethanolamine 2 I 2 N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone Pareth 25-9 (C'rFA name) Polyethylene glycol ether mixture of 0 0000 synthetic 0 12-15 fatty alcohols with any average of 9 moles Of 0 00 ethylene oxide Neodol 25-9 (Shell) 00 0 *0Sodium Lauroy2. Sar~osinate (CTFA name) ltanposyl L-30 W.R# Grace 400 (30% A.I.) Sodium Pareth-25 Sulfate (CTFA nam) Sodium salt of a sulfated 400 00 0polyethylene glycol ether of a mixture of synthetic C 12 1 1 0 fatty alcohols Neodol 25-3 S (Shell) Sulfolane Tetramethyl sulfone; tetrahydrothlophene dioxide TEA -Triethanolamine TKPV Tetrapotasnium pyropbosphnte DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The pre-Bpotting compoitions of this inventiom are essentially comnprised of the following components: surfactant. builder. alkanolemine, solvent system, and water. In addition to the above ingredients, the compositions of this invention may comtain other substances generally present in detergent compoitions. For example, the composition may be thickened if desired by tb~n addition of known viscosity increasing.

thixotropic, or vincoelastic. agents. roaaL stabilLxing agents way also be -4incorporated, and other ingredients which may normally be present include trcncrvactivO, humectanta, foam boosters, antl-foniing agents, dipperaants, pli modifiers, coloranta, and perfume.' There may also be preent, if desired, imidazole According to a first embodiment of the invention, the ourfactant, w)tich is present in tbe amount of 1-10% of the compoation. is selected from tbe group conisting of nonionic aurfactant, anionic ourfactanto, and their ccmbination, Vrefernbly, the aurfactant in preflent in the r;ount of The nonionic surfactant, preferably, is comprised of one or a miture of primary alcohol ethoxylateuaor aecondary alcohol etbxzylatea or alkyl phenol etboxylatcs. The primary alcohc4 ethoxylaten are represented by tie general formula: a 0 2 -C'l 2 wberein R is an alkyl ::adical hiving from 9 to 16 carbon atoms and tbe number of ethoxylate group. n, in from 5 to 12. Commercially available ncnionic surfactant.' of this type are sold by Shell Chemical Company under 0000 1000 the tradename Neodol and by Union Carbide Corporation under the tradename Tergitol.

The secondary alcohol ethylat.e are reprensented by the general formula: C11 3

(CH

2 1 CII(CH C11 0 (CH 2 -CH 2 n-1 Wherein xty ia from 6 to 15 and the number of ethaxylate groupg, n, ig from 5 to 12. Commercially available surfactanto of thia type are gold by Union Carbide Corporation under the tradeame Tergitol S eerieg surfactanto, vith Tergitol 15-S-9 (T 15-S-9) being preferred for use herein.

The alkyl phenol ethoxylatea are represented by the general forvmAla: R-(phcnyl)-0- (CHI 2

-CH

2 n I where the number of etboxylate group#, n, in from 8 to 15, and R in an alkyl radical having 8 or 9 carbon atoms. Commercially available nonionic ourtactant of thig type are sold by Rohn and HanA Company under the tradenames Triton N and Triton X aeries.

The anionic aurfactant in preferably comprised of paraffin nulionatea.

codium alkyl rulfatee, and alkyl benzene aulfonaten, such as sodium linear tridecyl or dodecyl benzene aulfonate, sodium and/or aw~nium alcohol 3-othoxy sulfate (AEOS), sodium lauroyl, cocoyl or myrintoyl narconinate or a combination thereof, The surfactant in the ternary system can be anionic, nonionic or a combination thereof, as shown below, Soil Suntrate milk-eg. railk-egg milk-ep, 0 0 00 Test Liquid gass glasn Al SS T 15-S-9/2IXPP/TEA SR=88 100% 100% 97X 22) rareth 25-9/T1PP/TMA 70% 90Z 90% 94% 2%) LfBS/AEOS/TKPP/TEA 100% 100% 94% 100% (0.575%/O.425/l%/.2%) COMMERCIAL (LDLD) 0l1 30% 15% 18% 19% COMMERCIAL (LDLD) #2 47% 20% 18% 22% It has been found, however, that cationic surfactantd adversely affect the soil removal efficiency of the ternary system, an shown below: Milk-Esg/Glazn Egg/Glass T 15-S-9IXPP/TEA 78% 100% (1/1/0.2) 44a 4 4 4 44 T 15-S-9/UPP/TEA/C 1 4 Tim (1 1/0. 2 i yy -r~YLYLL1~L~ The Compoii.ion also contains up to 10% of a builder salt or it electrolyte, which in comprised of phosphates, such as tetrapotassium 1pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphoophate; carbonates, such an sodium carbonate, sodium seoquicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; citrates, such an sodium citrate; and sodium ethylene diamine tetra acetate. The preferred amount of the builder in the composition in 1%.

Up to about 2% of an amine is also present. Thin amine comprises an alkanolamine, namely monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethnnolamine, About 0.2% of the alkanolamine in the composition is preferred.

The solvent comprises about 15-50% of the composition, the solvent being binary in nature. The first solvent comprises about 5-17% of an acetate selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate. The second solvent comprises about 15-34% of acetone. N-methyl, 2-pyrrolidone and methyl ethyl ketone.

The ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent may range from S1:4 to 1:2.

;Water completes the balance of the composition, the pH of which is about 9.

S 20 The pre-spotting compositions of the first embodiment of the present invention will now be illustrated by the following examples, wherein all s parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures in degrees Celsius unless otherwise indicated.

-7i EXAMPLE A Composition 11 #2 13 #4 5 #6 Tergitol 15-S-9 1% 1% 1% 1% Sodium Linear Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate 0.575% 0.575% Ammonium Alcohol Ethoxysulfate 0.425% 0.425% Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% Triethanolamine 0.2% 0.2Z 0.2% 0.2% Ethyl Acetate 16.7% 7.5% 7.5% 7.5% Acetone 33.3% 22.5% 22.5% 22.5% 22.5% Water and minor ingredients BALA N C E PH 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 o 0 0 S00 The foregoing formulations at use soiled substrates which were prepared Soil/Substrate Preparation concentrations were then applied to and tested as follows: Three types of substrates were used in the experiments: 1. Precleaned glass microslides (25 X 75 mm) [products of Sargent-Welch)].

2. Stainless steel planchets diameter) [products of Interox Co].

3. Aluminum coupons (25 x 75 mm) were made by a machine shop.

Model food soils included milk, milk-egg mixture, egg, flour-egg mixture and Crisco shortening. They were applied uniformly onto the substrates.

The baking conditions for various soils are shown in Table I.

-8- TABLE I Soil Substrate Hilk-Egg Crisco-Shortenin Crisco Shortening, Baking Cond.Ltion Glans klumin um, Stainless Steel Temperature (degrees Celsius) 195 195 190 Time 30min 1lhr 50min Ilhr Soiled substrates were then soaked in the test formulations~ and 3% (by weight) commercial LDLD's at 45 degrees Celsius for various length of time depending on the soil-substrate, The results are shown in Table It.

Soaking and Soil Removing Soiled substrates were soaked in the test detergent solutions for: 0 0 0 various amounts of time at either ambient temperature or 45 degrees oc'ooCelsius depending on the soil/substrate combinations. The loosened soila 0 0 a were removed by either handwiping with a wet sponge or maichine wiping w;Lth a sponge attached to a Gardener Abrasion Tenter, 0 "0 Soil removal efficiency (SR) is deter-mined by the percentage of, coilif 00 reovd S020 reovd:X S3R =the wegto the soil removed ttlsoil weight 0030 Due to -variations of experimental conditions, SR. indicatec only relative preformance. among the test solutions carried out in the samoe 0 experiment, not an absolute value.

0 C'O I i- lr-l TABLE II SOIL REMOVAL soil substrate milk-egg Crinco-shortening Crisco shortening Product glass Aluminum Stainless Steel Example #1 73% 7% 0% Example 02 90% 85% Example #3 89% 56% 92% Example #4 92% 83% 88% Example #5 65% 87% 92% Example #6 79% 42% 91% Commercial LDLD #1 21% 4% 0% Commercial LDLD #2 22% 7% 2% As is evident from the foregoing r-amples, the solvent-containing detergents (Example A, #2-16) are more efficacious than a solvent-free ternary component system (Example A, The improvement is particularly dramatic for the baked-on grease removal. Two factors the total solvent content and ethyl acetate: acetone ratio are critical for determining the soil removal efficiency. Higher ethyl acetate: acetone ratio and higher total solvent concentration are strongly preferred.

These compositions may be prepared as follows: o The builder salt potassium pyrophosphate) and the alkanolalne triethanolamine) are dissolved in the softened water with moderate stirring. The surfactant(s) and solvents are then added with slow stirring until dissolved. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 9 with sulfuric acid. Perfume, if used, is added last.

While the foregoing compositions give positive results, the low flash points of several of the solvents (ethyl acetate 30 degrees Fahrenheit and acetone 0 degrees Fahrenheit) make it preferable to utilize solvents of higher boiling points. This leads to the second embodiment of the present invention.

JI

'^i 11 U 2 i" Sj 10 j

I

ii 20 Solvents of higher flash point that have been found to provide pre-spotting action to remove cooked-on food residues from utensils and bakeware with the other ingredients of this invention include: sulfolane, piopylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Their flash points are 350 degrees Fahrenheit, 116 degrees Fahrenheit, and 153 degrees Fahrenheit respectively. Moreover, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate can be replaced by dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate: and diethylue glycol dimethyl ether can be replaced by ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol diethyl ether.

Compositions according to this embodiment of the invention comprise surfactant builder alkanolamine (up to water, and the solvents identified above either singly or in a combination of two. so long as the total solvent content is between 15-50% of the composition.

the pH of which is about 9.

The pre-spotting compositions of the second embodiment of the present invention will now be illustrated by the following exampleC. vheen=a nl.

vElwr NerevA parts and percentageslare by weight and all temperatures are in degrees Celsius unless otherwise indicated.

-11- ERAMPLE B #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 (6 COMPOSITION Sodium Linear Dodecyl 0.57% Benzene Sulfonate Ammonium Alcohol 3EO 0.42% Ethoxysulfate Tetrapotassium t1 Pyrophosphate Triethanolamine 0.2% Sulfu-ane Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether Water and Minor ingredients pH 11 9 0.57% 0.57% 0.57% 0.57% 0.42% 0,42% 0,42X 0.42% 0,42% IX 1% 1% 0.2% 15% 0.2% 15% 0,2% 0.2% 15% 0.2% AL A N C 9 9 9 9 o 0 20 Cleaning Test The soaking and cleaning procedures are similar to those described above, glass slides, aluminum coupons and stainless steel planchets were employed as substrates. Three types of soils Milk-egg, egg, and Crisco shortening were uniformly applied onto the substrates. The baking conditions for various soils are shown in Table III.

TABLE III Bak Ten Tit Soi con for Soil Substrate Milk-egg Eg Crisco Shortening Crisco Shortening king Condition glass glass stainless steel Aluminum mperature 190 190 190 190 e 20 min 30 min 1 1/2 hours 1 1/2 hours led substrates were then soaked in the test formulations as is and mmercial LDLD's were diluted to 3% concentration at 45 degrees Celsius an hour. The results are shown in Table IV.

-12- TABLE IV SOIL REMOVAL Soil Substrate Test liquid Example #1 Example #2 Example #3 Example #4 Example #5 Example #6 Commercial LDLD #1 Commercial LDLD 12 Milk-egg Glass 86% 79% 28% 95% 41% 81% 29% 17% Glass 28% 90% 50% 30% 74% 81% 15% Crisco Shortening Crisco Shortening Stainless Steel Aluminum 7% 11% 50% 92% 37% 51% 97% 91% 66% 0% 7% 0 000000 0 0 0000 0 000 0 00 0 o 0 00 00 0 0 00 0 0 0 o00 0 00 0 0 0 o oo The superiority of the compositions of this invention (Examples #2 #6) over the non-solvent composition (Fxample and the commercial LDLD's is thus clearly demonstrated. These systems are more efficacious than their respective non-solvent containing counterpart. The improvement is particulary noticeable for baked-on grease removal.

20 The compositions of the third embodiment of this invention comprise water, solvent, the ternary -datem, and imidazole.

As reported in the literature patents 3*.819,529; 4,477,268; and 4,537,638) imidazole was found to remove certain organic matter.

However, in U.S. 3,819,529 an alkyl or aryl (up to C 6 substituted imidazole-containing composition was found effective as a paint stripping composition. In U.S. 4,477,288, imidazole and alkyl or aryl substituted imidazoles were found useful in removing soil on ovens, baking pans, and barbecue racks, and finishes, coatings, paint and the like, when combined with a glycol phenyl ether. However, to be effective, the composition is applied in dry form and then heated to a temperature at which the -13composition Is rendered liquid or the organic matter containing surface first heated to a temperature above the melting point of the composition and then the composition in applied thereto. In U.S. 4,537,638, a compositiun that removes organic matter ii also disclosed which includes an inidazolc or an alkyl or aryl substituted imidazole, which, when applied to baked-on food residues, required applying the composition to the coiled surface and then heating same or applying the composition to a pre-heated soiled surface or applying the composition and leaving it on the soiled surface for 16 hours.

It has been found that when imidazole is combined with the ternary system of the present invention, and an organic solvent, a synergistic effect occurs, the soil rP.__val of the combination in greater than either system alone, Such enhancement is particularly noticeable for 0 4 <0o baked-on grease, These compositions are effective at a pH of Imidazole can be present in the amount of 3-22%. The effect of varying the concentration of imidazole in shown below: 00 0 00 EXAMPLE C 006 Compoitions #1 02 #3 _4 Imidazole 1.0 2.0 3.0 X 4.0 Z LBS 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4 4 TKPP 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 X TEA 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% LMDEA 2.0 Z 2.0 2.0 2.0 AEOS 3.0 X 3.0 3.0 3.0 X Butoxyethanol 4.0 Z 4.0 4.0 4.0 x DI Water 79.25% 78.25% 77.25% 76.25% pH -14- R%~aitures. thereof TABLE V SOIL REMOVAL voil subtrate Crisco T'est Liquid Aluminum Example #1 23% Example #2 Example #3 43% Example #4 53% tap water 2% Commercial LDLD 18% The compositions of the th4rd embodiment of this invention can be summarized as follows: pdll C A. 3% to 22% imidazole; 4000 00 3. 3% to 20% solvent, which tan be Butyl Cellosolve, Butyl Carbitol, o o or N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone SCo 0.5% to 2% of either triethanolamine, monoetanolamine, or o oo on diethanolamine.

0 0D. 2% to 7% of tetrapotagnium pyrophosphate or other builder such as 9000 u scodium or potassium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium citrate sodium tripolyphosphatre. or sodium bicarbonate.

E. 3% to 20% of a surfactant, such as sodium linear tridecyl or S" dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium alcohol 3-ethoxy sulfate, sodium lauroyl, cocoyl, or myristoyl sarcosinate, or a combination thereof.

F. up to 6% foam booster, a foam stabilizer, and a viscosity adjusting agent such as cocomonoetanolamide, lauryl/myriatyl monoethanolamide, coco betaine, lauryl/myristyl diethanolaiide, sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylic acid.

CG. water, The final solution is adjusted with sulfuric tid to a pH of 10.00, I/1 i.

-II I i r Representative compositions of the third arc as follows$ EXAMPLE D f1 embodiment of this invention #2 03 #4 #IS #6 Composition S .d.1

D

aaI# 0 i nse 0 0 00 0 00 S00 0 00 0000 0 000ooo0 o um Louuroy Sarconinate 1O. 10 Cocoamidopropyl Betaine 6% 6% Cocoamide DEA 6% Imidazole 5% 5% 5% 5 TKPP 6% 6% 6% 6% 2% 6% SButoxydiglycol 4% Butoxyethanol 4% 4% 4% N-Hethyl 2-Pyrrolidone 4% 4% TEA 1% 1% 1.2% 1% 1% 1.2% Sodium Pareth-25 Sulfate 3% LDBS 4% 4% 4% Sodium EDTA 1% Water (deionized) 74% 74% 67.1% 73% 80% 67.1% pH 10 10 10 10 10 The test compositions were evaluated on three voils.

1. Egg yolk was brushed onto 2" diameter aluminum pianchets and dried for two hours at 80 degrees Celsius, 2, A solution of 10% mild cheddar cheese was dissolved in warm milk, The solution was baked onto 2" diameter Pyrex Petri dishes at 175 degreed Celsius for 25 min.

3. Crisco was baked onto 2" diameter aluminum planchets for 3 hours at 175 degrees Celsius.

The test liquid was applied neat to the soiled area for 30 min, at room temperature. The test soils were then inverted and rinsed in standing water with vigorous agitation for 10 seconds. Percent soil removal was determined by averaging the visual estimates of soil removal from three replicates. The results are shown in Table VI.

-16- 4 a TABLE VI SOIL REMOVAL substrate eg/okcheese/milk Crisco Teat Liqiuid aluminum pyrex aluminum Example 02 88% 76% Commercial LDLD 17Z 0% 12% taR water 27% 3% 2% Example 01 78% 70% Example #4 93% 43% 28% Commercial LDLD 35% 1% tap water 7% 0% Example 15 97% 80% 13% 4o~oCommercial LDLD 30% 0% 22% tap water 8% 2% 0% #3 96% 91% 47% 00Example #6 95% 95% a0 0 Commercial LflLD 30% 0% 22Z 00000 tap water 8% 0% 17% The compositions of this embodiment of the invention at a pH1 of 10.00 were found to be equivalent in performance to commercial products of higher pH and superior when those commercial products were adjusted to a pH of 10.00. Moreover, these compositions are the fastest acting of the three embodiments disclosed herein, effective about ten (10) minutes after application to the soiled surface, As previously indicated. the compositions of the present invention are preferably formulated as clear, single phase liquids. However, it in within the ambit of this invention to formulate these compositions as gels, panter, and aerosols, and they may be dinpenzed from both pump -17sprayers and aerosol cane or brushed on. P'reparation of compositions suitable to be dispensed by aerosol or pump spray in within the ordinary skill in the art, When it is desired to use a thickening, thixotropic, or pacudo-plactic agent with the compositions of the invention. for example when the organic matter to be removed in on a non-horizontal surface and it in desirable to maintain contact between these compositions and the coiled surface, any such agent, or mixture of two or more thereof, which is compatible with the ingredients of these formulations may be used. UsefulI organic thickening agents include starch, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose. methocel, and water-soluble polymers ouch ais a carboxy vinyl polymer CCarbopols B.F Goodrich Chemical Company), oodium aaa~ polyacrylate, and polyacrylic acid. Thixotropic agents include inorganic 0 colloidal materials [clays) including Veegum (magnesium aluminum silicate P.T. Vandeztbilt). Pseudo-plastic or viscoelastic materials include the organic gums such as xanthan gum (Keltrol Kelco Company). guar gum, and 0 locust bean gum. When used, the thickening agent will typically vary between 0.1 to 6% by weight of the composition. Generally, it is desired to maintain the viscosity of these formulations between 100 and 1000 cps, If the viscosity is too low, the compositions do not adhere well to the soiled surfaces. If too high, it has heen found that the efficacy of O a these compositions is diminished, Suitable foam boosters and foam stabilizers include cocomonoethanolamide, lauryl/myristyl monoethanolamide, cocobetaine, and lauryl/myristyl diethanolamide.

These compositions may be prepared in the manner previously described for preparing the compositions of the first embodiment of the invention.

-IS-

A preferred composition according to the third embodiment of the invention can be prepared by mixingt 4 Linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate 3 Z Sodium 01215 Alcohol 3-Ethoxy Sulfate 4 Butyl Cellonolve 0,75 Triethnnolamine 6 Tetrapotaosium pyrophosphate X Imidazole 1 Z Lauric/myristic diethanolamide 0.05 Xanthan gum Glycerin Colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate (Veegum PRO] 73.8 Water 000o seo 0.4 Perfume o o pH adjusted to 10.0 The clay (colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate) is added vith high ao a shear to the softened water and stirred for 30 minutes., The xanthan gum o oo o 000 is dispersed in the glycerin. This mixture is then added with high sheat to the batch and stirred for 30 minutes. The imidazole, potassium 0000 oooo 20 pyrophosphate, and triethanolamine are added with moderate stirring until dissolved. The lauric/myristic diethanolamide is dissolved in the alcohol a aOO ethoxysulfate. This solution, sodium linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and butyl cellosolve are added to the batch with slow stirring until dissolved. The pH of the batch is adjusted to 10.0 with sulfuric acid.

The batch is completed with the addition of the perfume.

The foregoing detailed description of the invention is given by way of illustration only. Thus, variations may be made therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims (18)

1. A liquid, non-caustic pre-spotting composition to remove cooked-on, baked-on, or dried-on food residue from hard surfaces which comprises by weight: a. from about 1 to 40% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof; b. from about 1 to 10% of a builder selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, citrates, pyrophosphates, carbonates and mixtures thereof; c. from about 0.2 to 2% of an amine selected from the group consisting of .nonoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine and mixtures thereof; d. water, and e. a solvent, which solvent is selected from the groups consisting of: i) sulfolane, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and mixtures thereof, in an ai.-unt of from 15-50%, ii) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and N-methyl

2-pyrrolidone, in an amount of 3-20% and iii) a mixture of two solvents, the first such solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate, making up 5-17% of the composition, and the second such solvent selected from the group consisting of acetone, N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone and methyl ethyl ketone, making up 15-34% of the composition, I-1/ i P 21 i wherein the ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent ranges from 1:4 to 1:2 by weight. i 2. The composition of Claim 1 in which the surfactant is present in the amount of 4 to

3. The composition of Claim 1 which further includes from about 3 to 22% by weight of imidazole.

4. The composition of Claim 3 which further includes up to about 6% by weight of a foam booster, a n foam stabilizer, a viscosity adjusting agent, and mixtures thereof. i 5. The composition of Claim 4 wherein the viscosity adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of thickening agents, thixotropic agents, viscoelastic or o pseudo-plastic agents and mixtures thereof.

6. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the anionic .ao surfactant is selected from the group consisting of ooS paraffin sulfonates, sodium alkyl sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alcohol ethoxy sulfates, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate and combinations thereof. o 'o 7. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the nonionic Ss 0 surfactant is selected from the group consisting of primary alcohol ethoxylates, nonylphenol alcohol ethoxylates, secondary alcohol ethoxylates, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, and mixtures thereof.

8. The Composition of Claim 1 wherein the phosphate y is selected from the group consisting of tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and mixtures thereof.

9. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the carbonate is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof. The composition of Claim 5 wherein the viscosity adjusting agent is a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of starch, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, II .i iii li:i I I I -rrrrr i-Il 22 hydroxyethyl cellulose, methocel, and water soluble polymers.

11. The composition of Claim 10 wherein the water-soluble polymer is selected from the group consisting of carboxyvinyl polymers, sodium polyacrylate, and polyacrylic acid.

12. The composition of Claim 5 wherein the viscosity adjusting agent is a thixotropic agent comprising an inorganic colloidal material.

13. The composition of Claim 12 wherein the inorganic colloidal material comprises a clay or magnesium aluminium silicate.

14. The composition of Claim 5 wherein the viscosity adjusting agent is a pseudo-plastic material comprising an o0 organic gum. The composition of Claim 14 wherein the organic gum is selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, guar gum, and locust bean gum.

16.. The composition of Claim 10 wherein the viscosity ranges from 100 to 1000 cps.

17. The composition of Claim 4 wherein the foam booster and foam stabilizer are selected from the group consisting of cocomonoethanolamide, lauryl myristyl monoethanolamide, and lauryl myristyl diethanolamide.

18. A liquid non-caustic pre-spotting composition to remove cooked-on food residue from hard surfaces which comprises by weight: a. from about 1 to 10% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof; b. from about 1 to 10% of a builder selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, citrates, pyrophosphates, carbonates and mixtures thereof; c. from about 0.2 to 2% of an amine selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, 23 diethanolamine, and triethanolamine and mixtures thereof; d. a solvent, which solvent is selected from the group consisting of a mixture of two solvents, the ji first such solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate, making up 5-17% of the composition, and the second such solvent selected from the i group consisting of acetone, N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone and methyl ethyl ketone, making up 15-34% of the composition, H wherein the ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent ranges from 1:4 to 1:2 by weight; and e. water.

19. The composition of Claim 18 is wherein the pH is 9, A liquid non-caustic pre-spotting composition to remove cooked-on food residue from hard surfaces which comprises by weight: a. from about 1 to 5% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof; b. about 1% of a builder selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, citrates, pyrophosphates, carbonates and mixtures thereof; c. about 0.2% of an amine selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine and mixtures thereof; d. from about 15 to 50% of a solvent, which solvent is selected from the group consisting of sulfolane, propylene glyccl monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and mixtures thereof, and e. water.

21. The composition of Claim 10 wherein the pH is 9. 2.

22. A liquid, non-caustic, pre-spotting composition j to remove cooked-on, baked-on or dried-on food residue from hard surfaces which comprises by weight: a. from about 3 to 20% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof; b. from about 2 to 7% of a builder selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, citrates, pyrophosphates, carbonates and mixtures thereof; c. from about 0.5 to 2% of an amine selected from the group consisting of moroethanoiamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine and mixtures thereof; d. from about 3 to 20% of a solvent, which solvent is selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl, and N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone; e. from about 3 to 22% imidizole; and E. water.

23. The composition of Claim 22 wherein the pH is DATED this 3rd day of January 1991 COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY Patent Attorneys for the Applicant: i F.B. RICE CO.