AU620887B2 - Hydrometallurgical recovery of gold - Google Patents
Hydrometallurgical recovery of gold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU620887B2 AU620887B2 AU37713/89A AU3771389A AU620887B2 AU 620887 B2 AU620887 B2 AU 620887B2 AU 37713/89 A AU37713/89 A AU 37713/89A AU 3771389 A AU3771389 A AU 3771389A AU 620887 B2 AU620887 B2 AU 620887B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- gold
- leach
- process according
- chlorine
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 36
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical group [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 4
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical group [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052964 arsenopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+3].[As-] MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical group [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKMWBIFNQLOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Cl] Chemical compound [O].[Cl] WGKMWBIFNQLOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052947 chalcocite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052959 stibnite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- IHBMMJGTJFPEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidene(sulfanylidenestibanylsulfanyl)stibane Chemical compound S=[Sb]S[Sb]=S IHBMMJGTJFPEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 sulphate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
i-~i OPI DATE 12/01/90 APPLN. ID 37713 89 P I, AOJI 0 DA 0 P NUMBER PCT/AU89/00265 INTERNATIONAL APPLICAT P IS D F E1HE TENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (51) International Patent Classification 4 (11) International Publication Number: WO 89/12699 C22B 11/06, 3/00 Al (43) International Publication Date: 28 December 1989 (28.12.89) (21) International Application Number: PCT/AU89/00265 (81) Designated States: AT, AT (European patent), AU, BB, BE (European patent), BF (OAPI patent), BG, BJ (OAPI (22) International Filing Date: 16 June 1989 (16.06.89) patent), BR, CF (OAPI patent), CG (OAPI patent), CH, CH (European patent), CM (OAPI patent), DE, DE (European patent), DK, FI, FR (European patent), GA Priority data: (OAPI patent), GB, GB (European patent), HU, IT (Eu- PI 8853 17 June 1988 (17.06.88) AU ropean patent), JP, KP, KR, LK, LU, LU (European patent), MC, MG, ML (OAPI patent), MR (OAPI patent), MW, NL, NL (European patent), NO, RO, SD, SE, SE (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): FMC TECH- (European patent), SN (OAPI patent), SU, TD (OAPI NOLOGIES LIMITED [AU/AU]; 31-33 Smith Street, patent), TG (OAPI patent), US.
Marrickville, NSW 2204 (AU).
(72) Inventors; and Published Inventors/Applicants (for US only) DAVIS, Edward [AU/ With international search report.
AU]; 3 Mannerim Place, Castle Cove, NSW 2069 (AU).
JAYAWEERA, Lakshman [AU/AU]; 15 Grafton Street, East Lakes, NSW 2018 EWART, lan [AU/AU]; 3/99 Brigton Boulevard, Bondi, NSW 2026 (AU).
(74) Agent: TAYLOR, Paul, Robert; Arthur S. Cave Company, Level 10, 10 Barrack Street, Sydney, NSW 2000
(AU).
(54) Title: HYDROMETALLURGICAL RECOVERY OF GOLD \MAKE UP da.
(57) Abstract GOLD oRE E z A process for extracting gold from copper, antimony, bismuth, arsenic and iron bearing mineral sulphides by reacting the finely di- istsrAGcrE vided sulphide mineral with an aqueous ferric UACING LSAC IOS*C chloride/chlorine solution and free chlorine gas in a closed reaction vessel at a temperature S/L above the boiling point of water and below the cAnSon/soz melting point of sulphur. Preferably the reaction is carried out at a pressure of between 15 to cNd *ci rs3) IrciSTrAON p.s.i. _STA.1 IEACHING AIW "s GOLD IN COPPER ORE CARBON ANTrMONY
CHEMICALS
s/L SOLID f D SPOSA L CARaON/SOa 'GOL PRIC/IPirAT7IO (7) GOLD PRECIPITA T i i II' i 0293p/SC 1 HYDROMETALLURGICAL RECOVERY OF GOLD This invention relates to the recovery of gold, copper, antimony and bismuth from the sulphidic concentrates and other residues. Such concentrates may for example be arsenopyrite, chalcocite, chalcopyrite and stibnite.
One prior art process is to leach gold bearing sulphidic ore material such as arsenopyrite, pyrite, chalcosite or chalcopyrite concentrates with ferric chloride or ferric sulphate solution under pressure above 100 0 C to oxidise the sulphidic material to elemental sulphur form and also to leach copper, if present in the material.
Thereafter the gold bearing residue is subjected to a cyanidation process to recover the gold. In this process one of the major problems to arise is the long residence time and the numbers of stages which are required.
During this time, due to the complexity in solid handling system, some unnaccountable losses of gold is unavoidable. Furthermore, gold inventory will be very high.
The disadvantages of the above described prior art and most prior art processes are the requirement of the two subsequent stages for recovery for base metals and precious metals. Furthermore, the gold is recovered only from the second stage of the leach stages and therefore the precious metal inventory is very high.
The present invention seeks to ameliorate these diF dvantages by providing a process where the majority of the gold is recovered in the first stage of the process and as a result the gold inventory in the plant is minimised.
In one broad form the invention comprises: a process for extracting gold from copper, antimony, bismuth, arsenic and iron bearing mineral sulphides which comprises the step of: dispersing finely divided mineral sulphide in an aqueous ferric chloride and chlorine solution to form a slurry;
~RA
O S0293p/SC -2adjusting the amount of ferric chloride in the slurry such that there are at least sufficient ferric ions present to oxidise the metal sulphide content to metal ions and sulphide to elemental sulphur and sulphate, with sufficient Hydrochloric acid present initially to combine with the metal ions; reacting the slurry in a closed reaction vessel at a temperature above the boiling point of water and below the melting point of sulphur, with free chlorine gas to dissolve the major portion of the gold and also to maintain the ferric ion concentration at a level sufficient to oxidise S the metal sulphate content to metal ions and sulphate ions; S and o eoe continuing the said reaction with active agitation to effect extraction of gold.
Preferably the reaction is carried out at a pressure of between 15 to 50 p.s.i.
The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to figure 1 which sets out a flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
The first stage of leaching is carried out by adding a mixture of ferric chloride and free chlorine under pressure at an elevated temperature. Preferred concentraticn of o o o S ferric chloride and chlorine is double the equivalent quantity and half the equivalent quantity respectively. The objective of the addition of chlorine is to maintain tne high oxidation potential by reoxidising the ferrous ions and also to dissolve the gold. Leach'temperature of 105 1100C and the pressure of 20 PSI is optimum. Leaching was carried out for one hour. 80% of the sulphide was oxidised to elemental sulphur and the gold from the feed was extracted into the solution as the chloride complex. Gold extraction of 70% is achieved by this method.
The gold solution is separated from the gold leach residue at 2 and treated at a recovery stage 3 with activated carbon or by bubbling sulphur dioxide to extract the gold. Further residual solution is treated to regenerate ferric chloride at 5 for return to the first stage leaching.
Thereafter, second stage leaching at 4 with S WO 89/12699 PCT/AU89/00265 3 chlorine in hydrochloric acid medium is conducted to dissolve the remaining gold in the leach residue. This stage is carried out at atmospheric pressure and the ambient temperature. Leaching time of 1 to 4 hours is sufficient. The residual solids being separted from the liquid for disposal at 6. The gold is then recovered at 7 by extraction with activated carbon or sulphur dioxide bubbling.
As a result of this invention most of the sulphide bearing materials containing gold can be treated with a single stage leaching to dissolve most of the gold; thus making the process of treating the complex gold concentrates very much more economical and simpler, than the conventional prior art methods.
15 Test results for the first stage leaching were carried out on a feed with a solid density of 10% was added to a glass lined pressure reactor.
A feed containing arsenopyrite material with Au 300g/t, S 30%, As 12%, Fe 20%, Cu 2%.
ade Ferric chloride with the strength of 20 g/1 was added to the solution along with 5-10 g/l varied concentrations of free chlorine. Then 5 g/l of Hydrochloric acid was added to the reactor and it was 25 sealed and heated to 110*c and stirred for one hour.
The leach solution was analysed after the leach experiment and the results are summarised in the Table 1.
TABLE 1 LEACH EXPERIMENT STAGE 1 SERIES SOLID Fe C1 3 C1 2 HC1 TEMP LEACH Au
SEXTRACTION
g/1 g/1 g/ g /1l 'c TIME hr 1 100 20 5 5 115 1 2 80 20 5 5 110 1 68 3 100 20 5 115 1 4 100 5 5 115 1 100 20 10 5 115 i 73 I1/ i '4.-k WO 89/12699 PCT/AU89/00265 4 In the first stage of the leaching stages most of the sulphidic material is oxidised along with some major portions of the gold also being leached out. This is achieved by maintaining an oxidation potential which enhances the dissolution of gold from the sulphidic material. Most favourable conditions for such a dissolution are the combined oxidants of ferric chloride and chlorine under pressure at elevated temperature.
The leach residues from the before tests were filtered and the next stage leaching was conducted with acidifed solutions of hydrochloric acid varying from 5-10 g/l, and the chlorine concentration being varied from 5-10 g/l.
Leaching temperature was 25 0 c under atmospheric pressure, stirred for 1-4 hours. Extraction efficiency from these examples are summarized in the Table 2.
TABLE 2 LEACH EXPERIMENT STAGE 2 SERIES SOLID Cl2 HC1 TEMP LEACH Au
EXTRACTION
g/l g/l g/l g/l Oc TIME hr. 1 100 5 5 25 1 2 80 10 5 25 4 3 100 10 10 25 2 *Extraction is based on the gold content of the leach residue.
Thus advantages of embodiments of the present invention include: 1. A wide variety of mixed sulphide concentrates can be reated without generating gases or particulate emissions.
2. Generally improved metal recoveries result from the two stages of leaching.
WO 89/12699 PCT/AU89/00265 3. Concentrates containing arsenic, antimony, mercury and large amounts of iron are all acceptable feed materials for the chlorine-oxygen leach process.
4. Iron, arsenic and antimony are discarded in the tail as insoluble oxides.
Claims (4)
- 2. A process according to claim 1 wherein the mineral sulphides are reacted at a pressure between 15 50 p.s.i. in the reaction vessel.
- 3. A process according to claim 2 wherein the leach temperature is 105 110*C and the pressure is 20 PSI.
- 4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein after the mineral sulphides are reacted in the reaction vessel, solid resides are separated from the leach solution and gold is recovered from the leach solution by extraction with activated carbon or sulphur dioxide bubbling. A process according to claim 4 wherein the solid resides separated from the leach solution are reacted with hydrochloric acid and chlorine solution, at ambient temperature at atmospheric pressure for 1 to 4 hours to dissolve residual gold, whereby the gold is extracted from this leach solution. 0293p/SC -7-
- 6. A process according to claim 5 wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is from 5-10 g/litre and the chlorine from 5-10 g/litre. DATED this 10th day of December, 1991. FMC TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED By Its Patent Attorneys DAVIES COLLISON CAVE 4 m i
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU37713/89A AU620887B2 (en) | 1988-06-17 | 1989-06-16 | Hydrometallurgical recovery of gold |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPI8853 | 1988-06-17 | ||
| AU885388 | 1988-06-17 | ||
| AU37713/89A AU620887B2 (en) | 1988-06-17 | 1989-06-16 | Hydrometallurgical recovery of gold |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU3771389A AU3771389A (en) | 1990-01-12 |
| AU620887B2 true AU620887B2 (en) | 1992-02-27 |
Family
ID=25613234
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU37713/89A Ceased AU620887B2 (en) | 1988-06-17 | 1989-06-16 | Hydrometallurgical recovery of gold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU620887B2 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB447625A (en) * | 1934-01-27 | 1936-05-22 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electric capacitors |
| FR2488284A1 (en) * | 1980-08-06 | 1982-02-12 | Outokumpu Oy | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GOLD AND SILVER FROM COMPOUND ORES AND CONCENTRATES OF SULFIDES |
| US4605439A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1986-08-12 | Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited | Recovery of gold from refractory auriferous iron-containing sulphidic material |
-
1989
- 1989-06-16 AU AU37713/89A patent/AU620887B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB447625A (en) * | 1934-01-27 | 1936-05-22 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electric capacitors |
| FR2488284A1 (en) * | 1980-08-06 | 1982-02-12 | Outokumpu Oy | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GOLD AND SILVER FROM COMPOUND ORES AND CONCENTRATES OF SULFIDES |
| US4605439A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1986-08-12 | Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited | Recovery of gold from refractory auriferous iron-containing sulphidic material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3771389A (en) | 1990-01-12 |
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