AU636902B2 - A ferrochromium alloy - Google Patents
A ferrochromium alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU636902B2 AU636902B2 AU60639/90A AU6063990A AU636902B2 AU 636902 B2 AU636902 B2 AU 636902B2 AU 60639/90 A AU60639/90 A AU 60639/90A AU 6063990 A AU6063990 A AU 6063990A AU 636902 B2 AU636902 B2 AU 636902B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- chromium
- matrix
- microstructure
- alloys
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 59
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 and balance Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BYACVJQTQZUUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Mn].[Si].[Cu].[Mo].[Ni].[Cr] Chemical compound [C].[Mn].[Si].[Cu].[Mo].[Ni].[Cr] BYACVJQTQZUUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Description
liia i~ti: rkSi iii ;i WO 91/02101 PC/AU9/00331 1 A FERROCHROMIUM ALLOY The present invention relates to a ferrochromium alloy and more particularly to an erosion and corrosion resistant ferrochromium alloy.
The present invention is designed for use in tho formation of parts for lining pumps, pipes, nozzles, mixers and similar devices which, in service, can be subjected to mixtures containing a corrosive fluid and abrasive particles.
WO 91/02101 PCT/AU90/00331 2 Typical applications for such parts include flue gas desulphurization, in which the parts are exposed to sulphuric acid and limestone, and fertiliser production, in which the parts are exposed to phosphoric acid, nitric acid and gypsum.
U.S. patents, 4,536,232 and 4,080,198, assigned to Abex Corporation (the "Abex U.S. patents"), disclose ferrochromium alloys containing approximately 1.6 wt. carbon and 28 wt. chromium which are characterized by primary chromium carbide and ferrite islands in a martensite or austenite matrix containing a solid solution of chromium. The level of chromium in the alloys suggests that the alloys should exhibit good corrosion resistance characteristics. However, the performance of such alloys from the corrosion resistance viewpoint is not entirely satisfactory.
An object of the present invention is to provide a ferrochromium alloy which has improved erosion and corrosion resistance compared with the alloys disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents.
The mechanism for erosion and corrosion of alloys of the type disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents in acidic environments is by accelerated corrosion due to the continuous removal of the passive corrosion-resistant layer by erosive particles in the fluid stream.
In order to replenish the passive layer it is necessary to have the chromium concentration at as high a level as possible in the matrix.
However, simply increasing the chromium content to improve corrosion resistance tends to cause the WO 91/02101 PCT/AU90/00331 3 formation of the sigma phase which is undesirable in view of the embrittlement problems associated with the sigma phase.
The present invention is based on the realization that by increasing both the chromium and carbon concentrations of alloys of the type disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents it is possible to increase the volume fraction of the chromium carbide phase, and thereby improve the wear resistance characteristics of the ferrochromium alloys, while maintaining the matrix at a chromium concentration which is at a level that will not lead to the formation of significant amounts of sigma phase. It can be appreciated that by improving the wear resistance of the ferrochromium alloys, in view of the mechanism by which erosion and corrosion occurs, as noted above, it is possible to realize an improvement in the erosion and corrosion resistance of the ferrochromium alloys.
According to the present invention there is provided an erosion and corrosion resistant ferrochromium alloy comprising the following composition, ii wt. 34 50 chromium 2.5 carbon up to 5 manganese up to 5 silicon up to 5 molybdenum up to 10 nickel up to 5 copper up to 1% of each of one or more micro-alloying elements selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, niobium, boron, vanadium and tungsten, and balance, iron and incidental impurities, with a microstructure comprising eutectic chromium carbides in a matrix comprising one or more of ferrite, retained austenite and martensite, as herein defined.
It is noted that Australian patent 470,081 of Michel Feltz, Australian patent 452,726 of Founderies Magotteaux and Australian patent applications 12869/66 and 63734/65 of Caterpillar Tractor Co. disclose alloys with compositions that have small areas of overlap with the composition of the alloy of the present invention as broadly described above. The alloy of the present invention is different to the alloys disclosed in the foregoing Australian patents and patent applications. In the circumstances, the composition of the alloy of the present invention, as broadly described above, excludes any compositions that fall within the disclosure of the foregoing Australian patents and patent application.
The term "ferrite" is herein understood to mean body-centred cubic iron (in the alpha and/or delta forms) containing a solid solution of chromium.
The term "austenite" is herein understood to mean face-centred cubic iron containinn solid solutions of carbon and chromium.
The term "martensite" is herein understood to mean a transformation product of austenite.
It is preferred that the matrix contains a 25-35 wt.% solid solution of chromium.
*-I
It is preferred that the microstructure further comprises one of primary chromium carbides, primary ferrite or primary austenite in the matrix.
The preferred amount in wt.% of the elements chromium, carbon, manganese, silicon, molybdenum, nickel and copper is as follows: 36-40 chromium 1.9 2.1 carbon 1 2 manganese 1.5 silicon 1 2 molybdenum 1 5 nickel 1 2 copper With the foregoing preferred composition it is i e WO 91/02101 PCI/AU90/00331 5 preferred that the matrix contains a 29-32 wt. solid solution of chromium.
In accordance with the invention, increasing both the chromium and carbon contents of the ferrochromium alloy above the levels disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents permits the formation of a greater volume fraction of hard carbides to enhance wear resistance. More specifically, and preferably, a stoichiometric balance in the increase in chromium and carbon contents permits the formation of a greater volume fraction of chromium carbides without increasing the chromium content of the matrix to a critical level above which sigma phase embrittlement occurs.
It has been found that preferred alloys of the present invention exhibit superior corrosion and erosion resistance to the alloys disclosed in the Abex U.S.
patents. This is illustrated in Table 1 below which lists the results of laboratory scale potentiodynamic corrosion and disc wear tests on alloys disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents and preferred alloys of the present invention. The compositions of the alloys are listed in Table 2 below.
Table 1: Corrosion and Erosion Test Results Corrosion Erosion (mm/yr) (mm 3/hr) ABEX Alloy #1 5.60 488 ABEX Alloy #2 2.50 614 Casting 1 0.07 370 Casting 2 0.43 444 Wfl 01 /I 1in rrv I rr PCT/AU90/00331 6 10% Sulphuric Acid, 25oC to ASTM G61 40 weight Silica Sand Slurry 18 m/s Table 2: Composition of Alloys of Table 1 Cr C Mn Si Mo Ni Cu Fe ABEX Alloy #1* ABEX Alloy Casting 1 Casting 2 28.4 27.5 35.8 40.0 1.94 1.65 1.95 1.92 0.97 1.48 1.21 1.47 0.96 1.48 0.96 1.59 2.10 2.00 2.10 1.95 2.01 2.00 2.04 1.95 1.49 1.39 1.48 1.48 Bal Bal Bal Bal As-cast alloy with composition within range of U.S. Patent 4,536,232 Heat treated alloy with composition within range of U.S. Patent 4,536,232 It will be noted from Table 1 that the corrosion and erosion resistance of the preferred alloys of the present invention is significantly better than that of the Abex alloys.
The alloy of the present invention has a different microstructure to that of the alloys disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents. The difference is illustrated in the accompanying figures which comprise photocopies of photomicrographs of an alloy disclosed in the Abex U.S. patents and preferred alloys of the present invention.
WO91/02101 PCT/AU90/00331 7 Figure 1 shows the microstructure of an Abex alloy which comprises 28.4% chromium, 1.94% carbon, 0.97% manganese, 1.48% silicon, 2.10% molybdenum, 2.01% nickel and 1.49% copper, the balance substantially iron.
The microstructure consists of primary austenite dendrites (50% volume) and a eutectic structure comprising eutectic carbides in a matrix of eutectic ferrite, retained austenite and martensite.
Figure 2 shows the microstructure of one preferred alloy of the present invention which comprises 35.8% chromium, 1.94% carbon, 0.96% manganese, 1.48% silicon, 1.94% carbon, 0.96% manganese, 1.48% silicon, 2.06% molybdenum, 2.04% nickel, 1.48% copper, the balance substantially iron. The microstructure is hypereutectic with primary ferrite dendrites volume) and a eutectic structure comprising finely dispersed eutectic carbides in a matrix of eutectic ferrite. It is noted that when compared with the microstructure of the Abex U.S. patent shown in Figure 1 the microstructure of Figure 2 reflects that there is a reduced volume of primary dendrites and an increased volume of the eutectic matrix and since the eutectic matrix has a relatively high proportion of carbides there is an overall increase in the volume fraction of hard carbides in the alloy when compared with the Abex alloy. It is noted that the foregoing phenomenon is also apparent to a greater extent from a comparison of the microstructures shown in Figs. 3 to 5 and Fig. 1.
Figure 3 shows the microstructure of another preferred alloy of the present invention which comprises 40.0% chromium, 1.92% carbon, 0.96% manganese, 1.59% silicon, 1.95% molybdenum, 1.95% nickel, 1.48% copper, the balance substantially iron. The microstructure WO 91/02101 PCT/AU90/00331 8 consists of eutectic carbides in a matrix of eutectic ferrite.
Figure 4 shows the microstructure of another preferred alloy of the present invention which comprises 40.0% chromium, 2.30% carbon, 2.77% manganese, 1.51% silicon, 2.04% molybdenum, 1.88% nickel, 1.43% copper, the balance substantially iron. The microstructure is hypereutectic with primary M 7
C
3 carbides and a eutectic structure comprising eutectic carbides in a matrix of eutectic ferrite.
Figure 5 shows the microstructure of another preferred alloy of the present invention which comprises 43% chromium, 2.02% carbon, 0.92 manganese, 1.44% silicon, 1.88% molybdenum, 1.92% nickel, 1.2% copper, the balance substantially iron. The microstructure in this case is hypereutectic with trace amounts of primary M7C3carbides and a eutectic structure comprising eutectic carbides in a matrix of eutectic ferrite.
Any suitable conventional casting and heat treatment technology may be used to produce the alloys of the present invention. However, it is preferred that the alloys are formed by casting and then heat treating at a temperature in the range of 600 to 1000C followed by air cooling.
Many modifications may be made to the alloy described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An erosion and corrosion resistant ferrochromium alloy comprising: a composition, having the following elements within the ranges indicated, in wt. 34 50
2.5 up to 5 up to 5 up to 5 up to 10 up to 5 chromium carbon manganese silicon molybdenum nickel copper up to 1% of each of one or more micro- alloying elements selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, niobium, boron, vanadium, and tungsten, and balance, iron and incidental impurities, with the proviso that the composition excludes any compositions that fall within the scope of Australian patents 470,081 and 452,776 and Australian patent applications 12869/66 and 63734/65, and a microstructure comprising eutectic chromium carbides in a matrix comprising A. one or more of ferrite, retained austenite and martensite, as herein defined. 2. The alloy defined in claim 1, wherein the microstructure further comprises one of prirary chromium carbides, primary ferrite or primary austenite in the matrix.
3. The alloy defined in claim 1, wherein the matrix contains a 25-35 wt.% solid solution of chromium.
4. The alloy defined in any one of the preceding claims comprising in wt.%: 36 40 1.9 2.1 1 2 1.5 1 2 1 5 1 2 chromium carbon manganese silicon molybdenum nickel copper.
5. A method of producing the alloy defined in any one of the preceding claims comprising, casting an alloy having the composition defined in any one of the preceding claims, heat treating the alloy at a temperature in the range of 600 1000 0 C, and air cooling the alloy.
6. An erosion and corrosion resistant ferrochromium alloy substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 2 to Dated this 5th day of March 1993 WARMAN INTERNATIONAL LTD. By its Patent Attorneys GRIFFITH HACK CO Fellows Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia. o
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU60639/90A AU636902B2 (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1990-08-03 | A ferrochromium alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU562889 | 1989-08-04 | ||
| AUPJ5628 | 1989-08-04 | ||
| AU60639/90A AU636902B2 (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1990-08-03 | A ferrochromium alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU6063990A AU6063990A (en) | 1991-03-11 |
| AU636902B2 true AU636902B2 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
Family
ID=25611368
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU60639/90A Expired AU636902B2 (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1990-08-03 | A ferrochromium alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU636902B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1286966A (en) * | 1966-10-20 | 1968-04-26 | Stainless steel alloy | |
| AU470081B2 (en) * | 1971-06-29 | 1973-12-13 | Feltz Michel | Ferrous alloys |
-
1990
- 1990-08-03 AU AU60639/90A patent/AU636902B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1286966A (en) * | 1966-10-20 | 1968-04-26 | Stainless steel alloy | |
| AU452726B2 (en) * | 1969-04-30 | 1971-11-04 | Fonderies Magotteaux S. A | Improvements in and relating to balls and lining plates for crushing and grinding mills and/or other castings intended to withstand abrasion and repeated impact shock loads and the steels for their manufacture |
| AU470081B2 (en) * | 1971-06-29 | 1973-12-13 | Feltz Michel | Ferrous alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6063990A (en) | 1991-03-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5252149A (en) | Ferrochromium alloy and method thereof | |
| CA2037921C (en) | Ferrochromium alloy | |
| CN100564570C (en) | Austenitic steel and product made from steel | |
| AU2003206368A1 (en) | High chromium-nitrogen bearing castable alloy | |
| US20040258554A1 (en) | High-chromium nitrogen containing castable alloy | |
| US4080198A (en) | Erosion and corrosion resistant alloys containing chromium, nickel and molybdenum | |
| JP7448474B2 (en) | Duplex stainless steels and their uses | |
| CN1044494C (en) | Corrosion and Wear Resistant Chilled Castings and Their Applications | |
| US6165288A (en) | Highly corrosion and wear resistant chilled casting | |
| AU636902B2 (en) | A ferrochromium alloy | |
| US4929288A (en) | Corrosion and abrasion resistant alloy | |
| CN118600317A (en) | A kind of iron-chromium alloy resistant to high temperature chlorine corrosion and manufacturing method | |
| HK1006859B (en) | A ferrochromium alloy | |
| JP3067205B2 (en) | Ferrochrome alloy | |
| JPH0541692B2 (en) | ||
| SU1375674A1 (en) | White wear-resistant cast iron | |
| SU1548243A1 (en) | Iron for cast metal-rolling rolls | |
| JPH0637689B2 (en) | Composite material for cavitation resistance and earth and sand resistance | |
| JPS58161751A (en) | Corrosion and wear resistant cast steel | |
| Izumoyama et al. | Corrosion Resistant Castable Stainless Steel Alloy Composition for Use at Low Temperatures | |
| JPH0978200A (en) | Hard stainless steel containing Mo and Mn | |
| JPS60149747A (en) | Austenitic stainless cast steel having high-strength and high-corrosion fatigue strength | |
| JPS6160865A (en) | Member having cavitation erosion resistance |