AU657850B2 - Process for maintaining a high temperature reactor with continuous charging - Google Patents
Process for maintaining a high temperature reactor with continuous charging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU657850B2 AU657850B2 AU36706/93A AU3670693A AU657850B2 AU 657850 B2 AU657850 B2 AU 657850B2 AU 36706/93 A AU36706/93 A AU 36706/93A AU 3670693 A AU3670693 A AU 3670693A AU 657850 B2 AU657850 B2 AU 657850B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- high temperature
- reactor
- temperature reactor
- hearth
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009997 thermal pre-treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/12—Working chambers or casings; Supports therefor
- F27B2003/125—Hearths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
- F27D2001/005—Removable part or structure with replaceable elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
A method for the maintenance of a high temperature reactor is described, in which a lower hearth part which is damaged as a consequence of mechanical, chemical and/or thermal stress and forms a structural unit with a molten bath hearth is exchanged for a back-up unit. Charging of the high-temperature reactor is firstly interrupted for this purpose. The molten liquid is withdrawn from the molten bath in the lower hearth part. The combined fuel burners, which are lead via cooling jackets through the hearth wall, are removed, and the connecting elements between the upper part and hearth part are loosened. The hot lower part is then removed from its operating position. The back-up unit, which has been heated in advance, is brought into the operating position, and the combined fuel burner is introduced together with the oxygen leads into the cooling jackets of the back-up unit. <IMAGE>
Description
I
657 85 0
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANDARD PATENT Applicant(s): THERMOSELECT AG 0 -0 0*00 0 *0 0 ~0 0 a *0 04 Invention Title: PROCESS FOR MAINTAINING A HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR WITH CONTINUOUS
CHARGING
The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: P, I I PROCESS FOR MAINTAINING A HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR WITH CONTINUOUS CHARGING The invention relates to a process for maintaining a high temperature reactor in which the carbon obtained by the thermal transformation of organic refuse constituents or other continuously supplied disposal products is gasified by means of oxygen and the inorganic constituents of said disposal products are melted.
High temperature reactor maintenance ,rocesses are labour-intensive and extremely time-consuming corresponding to the maintenance and repair processes for blast furnaces, rotary kilns, etc. The high operating temperatures in such reactors make it necessary to have a thick-walled lining of the furnace with appropriate refractory material, which can be formed from a ramming material, but in the case of multiple linings is usually partly formed from prefabricated refractory bricks. Cast or rammed linings, as well as refractory brick furnace linings must be tempered for a long period prior to putting into use. On stopping a reactor requiring repair it is necessary to wait for a long time to enable the furnace to cool to a suitable .temperature. For example, rotary kilns used for refuse incineration purposes have to be stopped or shut down twice yearly for in each case 6 weeks, so that the necessary repairs can be made to the damaged lining.
The situation is similar in the case of..blast furnaces, in which molten metal is produced or metallurgical processes take place. In order to reduce the downrepair times for metal smelting furnaces made necessary due to the long cooling and reheating periods, in a process for melting metal scrap and in particular scrap iron or similar high-melting charges in a cokelessoperated shaft furnace, it is already known to lower by means of a hydraulic device the detachably fitted furnace underhearth following corresponding wear and 2 repair it separately from the furnace shaft (DE 37 42 349 Cl). Such shaft furnaces are charged discontinuously, i.e. the material is charged by means of a gastight closure into the top area of the furnace shaft.
Reference is also made in this connection to a metal smelting furnace with a vertical furnace shaft and flanged underhearth, in which the ring flange plane is radially drawn in, so that there is a particularly easily handlable flanged connection (US patent 4 291 634).
In the present case it is a question of maintaining the lower part of a high temperature reactor, in which the carbon obtained through the thermal transformation of organic refuse constituents is gasified by the metered addition of pure oxygen and the inorganic constituents are melted and tapped in molten form. The disposal products are preferably supplied continuously and not discontinuously by means of a pretreatment zone, such as a degassing duct, to the reactor underhearth which is subject to elevated thermal, as well as mechanical and chemical stresses and loads.
The disposal products of interest here are continuously subjected to this thermal pretreatment in unsorted, untreated and in part as liquid components and for this purpose are forced through the duct receiving same in the compressed state and in a type of "caking process" both the liquid and the volatile constituents are evaporated. The thus pretreated domestic, special or industrial refuse and waste undergoes the high temperature treatment in the high temperature reactor in lumpy state. This avoids the disadvantages of the hitherto known refuse incineration processes or corresponding pyrolysis processes, such as are adequately described in the literature.
3 The advantages are in particular closed and therefore non-environmentally prejudicial process engineering, whilst avoiding the high air flow rates necessarily existing in the case of conventional incineration plants. In the known melting processes for previously pyrolyzed disposal products within a high temperature reactor, in which introduction takes place in the form of a packed bed, it has been found that it is not possible to ensure an adequate gas permeability within the packed bed, so that despite high energy c9sts there is an inadequate production of gas and very long residence times in the reactor occur.
The lump-form, continuous introduction of t e material to be melted into the high temperature reactor reliably obviates this problem. The high temperature reactor on S* which the maintenance process according to the invention is used has a two-part construction, namely an o i upper part and a lower part detachable therefrom, i.e.
an upper stabilizing zone for the gas fractions obtained and the actual furnace hearth to which is continuously supplied the lumpy pretreated molten material. The upper and lower parts are firmly interconnected by means of gas and pressure-tight flange connections. The high temperature reactor is lined with refractory material in per se known manner, the lining being such that it is possible for there to be temperatures within the reactor between 1600 and 2000°C. Into the furnace area below th'e loose bed formed issue preferably several oxygen lances passed through the hearth lining and which are integrated into the combined burner and which are received by cooling lAckets, which are in turn firmly connected to the hearth lining. As a result of the cooling jackets for ths oxygen lances passed radially from the outside to the inside through the refractory material, in the contact area on the inner surface of the lining a 4 temperature gradient is formed, which brings about an at least partial retrograde condensation of the material evaporated or liquefied by the oxygen burner, so that the most varied, uncontrolled chemical reactions and fusion processes occur. After only operating the high temperature reactor for a short time the cooling jackets of the combined burner with the oxygen supplies are so intensely fused with the refractory lining surrounding them that it is no longer possible to extract the same without destroying the lining. As the cooling jackets only have one coolant supply line and one coolant drain line, no problems occur in connection with their coupling and uncoupling to the reactor for repair purposes, whilst the oxygen lances, i.e. the actual combined burner, which are displaceable within the cooling jackets, are connected to a plurality of control connections, monitoring members, at least one auxiliary gas line, etc., so that their replacement would be relatively complicated.
S 0 By means of the supply of pure oxygen or oxygenenriched air to the gasification or melting area of the high temperature reactor, in the vicinity of the comb:ined burner plane the lumpy bed, to the extent that it constituted by carbon fractions, is gasified by oxidation, whilst the mineral and metallic constituents see *00. are melted, in order to directly thereafter flow in molten form into the homogenizing reactor, which is preferably lined with a lining corresponding to the gasification area. The homogenizing reactor constructionally forms a unit with the lower part of the high temperature reactor. Within the homogenizing reactor there is a clarification of the melt, so that there is a completely homogeneous molten bath of mineral and/or metallic components. As a result of the particularly aggressive chemical and mechanical actions, as well as the high temperature values prevailing in the gasification area of the high temperature reactor and the homogenizing reactor, the linings of the walls in the said areas with refractory material leads to particularly high levels of wear, so that the period during which the high temperature reactor can be used is limited by the necessary repairs or at least maintenance work.
The high reactor idle times necessarily caused in accordance with the prior art for repairing the linings of blast furnaces and high temperature reactors may be acceptable in the case of intermittently charged cupola furnaces or the like, but this is not the case where the supply of the material to be melted or evaporated 0* takes place continuously as a result of the pretreatment thereof. In refuse treatment plants the refuse is 00oo supplied continuously. The storage of refuse components decomposing by rotting or the like, e.g. during the hot summer period in the plant supply area while 0. .i the necessary six-week repair work is being carried out is impossible. The logistics on whic, such problem plants are based must exclude such idle times. It is necessary to have alternative disposal means, which can be used during the many-week repair periods.
The problem of the invention is to provide a maintenance process for high temperature reactors, which are in particular subject to the aforementioned problems, which restores to the necessary operating state the strongly loaded parts after wear has occurred much more rapidly than has hitherto been possible, so that the plant idle times can be considerably reduced. The long maintenance and repair costs must be independent of the given idle times for the plant.
This problem is solved by the features of the claim.
It is essential to the invention that for such a high temperature reactor with a continuous reactor material 6 supply, there is a subdivision into a fixed reactor part and a part which is detachable and removable therefrom, so that the replacement of this displaceable reactor part is possible in a short time and is independent of the actual maintenance or repair work.
The charging of such a reactor only has to be interrupted during the replacement of the detachable reactor part and the detachment and removal of this or similar parts and their replacement by new or repaired, identical parts requires a period of time which is independent of the actual maintenance and/or repair.
As soon as reactor charging is interrupted for the planned replacement and the solids still present in the oo,. lower hearth part are melted or gasified and the remaining molten bath has been discharged, it is possible to start the detachment of the flanges between the upper and lower parts of the high temperature reactor, whilst simultaneously or possibly shortly before or afterwards the oxygen lances can be withdrawn from their cooling jackets, without it being necessary to interrupt the various connections thereof to control, checking, supply and removal units. The high temperature reactor underhearth, which forms a constructional unit with the molten bath container, is only lowered by a few millimetres compared with the fixed-installed upper part of the reactor and is drawn out of its operating position. Time-synchronized with this process a corresponding reserve unit can be moved up to the high temperature reactor and the emplacement thereof for flanging to the upper part of the high temperature reactor can take place. A sufficient time beforehand it is necessary to heat the reserve unit to a high temperature close to the operating temperature, e.g. 800°C. This makes it possible, directly following the production of the pressure-tight connection between the lower and upper parts, to resume the reactor 7 charging briefly interrupted for the replacement repair operation. During the flanging process simultaneously the oxygen supplies are introduced into the cooling jackets of the reserve unit, so that their operation can be resumed immediately thereafter.
The lower reactor part to be repaired and which is still at the hot operating temperature can now be cooled independently of the returnr to operation of the plant and on reaching a temperaEture acceptable for the repairs it can again be restored to a perfect operating condition. Only when a further repair proves necessary is the intact reserve unit heated, so that it is ready to operate at the time of the next rapid replacement.
The idle and repair times lasting several weeks necessary for high temperature reactors or comparable combustion or melting furnaces are reduced to a few hours as a result of the replacement process according to the invention, which guarantees the quasi-continuous operation of the complete plant, increases productivity, improves the operating safety and excludes hazards to the environment and risks to the operating •C.C personnel.
Goof oo 0
Claims (1)
- 555.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4211514 | 1992-04-06 | ||
| DE4211514A DE4211514C1 (en) | 1992-04-06 | 1992-04-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU3670693A AU3670693A (en) | 1993-10-14 |
| AU657850B2 true AU657850B2 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
Family
ID=6456208
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU36706/93A Ceased AU657850B2 (en) | 1992-04-06 | 1993-04-05 | Process for maintaining a high temperature reactor with continuous charging |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0564963B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3084168B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100246506B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1080391A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE140077T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU657850B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2093389A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4211514C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0564963T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2089621T3 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW213972B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960754B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-06-01 | 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 | Disc type recirculating air drying plant and method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4755137A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1988-07-05 | Clecim | Process and installation for maintaining the lining of a furnace shell |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3482533A (en) * | 1968-06-28 | 1969-12-09 | Borge Richard Ankersen | Incinerators |
| GB1410099A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1975-10-15 | Electricity Council | Cupolas or shaft furnaces |
| US4291634A (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1981-09-29 | Union Carbide Corporation | Solid refuse disposal apparatus |
| DE3529740C1 (en) * | 1985-08-20 | 1987-01-08 | Greul Artur Richard | Process and equipment for gasifying carbonaceous wastes, if appropriate with addition of toxic and highly toxic wastes, to give synthesis gas |
| US4848250A (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1989-07-18 | Wunderley John M | Refuse converter |
| DE59108437D1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1997-02-06 | Thermoselect Ag | Process for the utilization of waste, in which waste is thermally treated and completely converted |
-
1992
- 1992-04-06 DE DE4211514A patent/DE4211514C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-03-24 KR KR1019930004608A patent/KR100246506B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-30 DE DE59303104T patent/DE59303104D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-30 EP EP93105283A patent/EP0564963B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-30 DK DK93105283.1T patent/DK0564963T3/en active
- 1993-03-30 AT AT93105283T patent/ATE140077T1/en active
- 1993-03-30 ES ES93105283T patent/ES2089621T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-05 CN CN93105440A patent/CN1080391A/en active Pending
- 1993-04-05 JP JP05078152A patent/JP3084168B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-05 CA CA002093389A patent/CA2093389A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-04-05 AU AU36706/93A patent/AU657850B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-04-14 TW TW082102838A patent/TW213972B/zh active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4755137A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1988-07-05 | Clecim | Process and installation for maintaining the lining of a furnace shell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0564963A3 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
| EP0564963B1 (en) | 1996-07-03 |
| ATE140077T1 (en) | 1996-07-15 |
| JPH0626631A (en) | 1994-02-04 |
| DK0564963T3 (en) | 1996-07-29 |
| AU3670693A (en) | 1993-10-14 |
| EP0564963A2 (en) | 1993-10-13 |
| JP3084168B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 |
| CN1080391A (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| TW213972B (en) | 1993-10-01 |
| KR930022043A (en) | 1993-11-23 |
| KR100246506B1 (en) | 2000-04-01 |
| DE4211514C1 (en) | 1993-06-17 |
| DE59303104D1 (en) | 1996-08-08 |
| ES2089621T3 (en) | 1996-10-01 |
| CA2093389A1 (en) | 1993-10-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |