AU665774B2 - Recovery of nickel - Google Patents
Recovery of nickel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU665774B2 AU665774B2 AU22766/92A AU2276692A AU665774B2 AU 665774 B2 AU665774 B2 AU 665774B2 AU 22766/92 A AU22766/92 A AU 22766/92A AU 2276692 A AU2276692 A AU 2276692A AU 665774 B2 AU665774 B2 AU 665774B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- liquor
- flocs
- precipitate
- flocculent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 109
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
I
I OPI DATE 11/02/93 APPLN. ID 22766/92 I1I1lllll llI AOJP DATE 08/04/93 PCT NUMBER PCT/AU92/00343 1111 I II 11111111II AU9222766
,.CT)
(51) International Patent Classification 5 (11) International Publication Number: WO 93/01320 C22B 3/22 C22B 23:00 Al (43) International Publication Date: 21 January 1993 (21.01.93) (21) International Application Number: PCT/AU92/00343 (74)Agent: MUNT, Gregory, Richard; Griffith Hack Co., 601 St. Kilda Road, Meibcurne, V'C 3004 (AU).
(22) International Filing Date: 10 July 1992 (10.C7.92) (81) Designated States: AU, CA, JP, US, European patent (AT, Priority data: BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IT, LU, MC, NL, PK7139 10 July 1991 (10.07.91) AU SE).
(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): HOEFER, Published Dawn, Annette [AU/AU]; Trustee of Modern Environ- With in at al search report.
mental Service Trust, Lot 5, O'Brien Road, Gidgegan- n Wy 7 nup, W.A. 6555 (AU).
(72) Inventor; and Inventor/Applicant (for US only) BROWNE, Geoffrey, Robert [AU/AU]; Lot 26, Orchard Road, Gidgegannup, W.A. 6555 (AU).
(54) Title: RECOVERY OF NICKEL (57) Abstract A process for recovering nickel that is in soluble form and in relatively low concentrations, typically up to 2 wt.
0 o. in a liquor, comprises: precipitating nickel from solution (preferably as a hydroxide or a sulphide); adding an inert particulate carrier and a flocculent to the liquor to form flocs comprising nickel precipitate, inert particulate carrier, and flocculent; separating the flocs from the liquor (preferably by gravitational settling or magnetic separation); and separating the nickel precipitate from the flocs (preferably by agitating the flocs). The nickel precipitate and flocs are preferably then passed through a filter to remove the nickel as filter cake. The inert carrier is preferably sand, alunina, magnetite, hematite, ilmenite or calcite. The flocculent is preferably a cationic, non-ionic or anionic flocculent.
C I i-C' ii WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 RECOVERY OF NICKEL The present invention relates to a process for recovering nickel that is in soluble form in a liquor.
In many instances, the liquor from a leaching or beneficiation circuit for oxidised nickel-containing ore contains nickel in dissolved form in relatively low concentrations, typically up to 2% by weight. The preferred anown method of recovering valuable species, such as nickel, that is in low concentrations in a liquor is to precipitate the valuable species and to pass the liquor through a thickeaer/filtration circuit to separate the valuzable species from the liquor. However, this is not a satisfactory solution for nickel because the nickel WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 2 precipitates that can be formed most readily, such as nickel hydroxides and sulphides, are gelatinous and difficult to thicken and filter. In particular, the nickel precipitates tend to blind filters quickly. As a consequence, invariably the dissolved nickel is not received from the liquor.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cost-effective process for recovering nickel in soluble form from a liquor.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for recovering nickel in soluble form from a liquor, the process comprising: precipitating nickel from solution; adding an inert particulate carrier and a flocculent to the liquor to form flocs comprising nickel precipitate, inert particulate carrier, and flocculent; separating the flocs from the liquor; and separating the nickel precipitate from the flocs.
It is preferred that the process further comprises passing the nickel precipitates and flocculent through a filter to recover the nickel as a filter cake.
It is preferred that the precipitation step (a) comprises adjusting the pH of the liquor to precipitate the nickel as an hydroxide.
j 4 -~--r----IIIIILQLL', i; i -rr -i I WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 Alternatively, it is preferred that the precipitation step comprises adding sulphur containing compounds to precipitate the nickel as a sulphide.
It is preferred that the separation step comprises allowing the flocs to settle by gravity and separating the relatively clarified liquor from the flocs.
In an alternative form of the invention it is preferred that the separation step comprises recovering the flocs by a magnetic separator.
It is preferred that the separation step be carried out by agitating the flocs.
The term "inert" as used herein in relation to "particulate carrier" is understood to mean that the particulate carrier is not substantially attacked by the liquor. In other words, the term "inert" means that the particulate carrier exhibits both suitable chemical and physical stability in the liquor.
It is preferred that the inert particulate carrier be selected from the group consisting of sand, alumina, magnetite, hematite, ilmenite and calcite.
It is preferred that the flocculent be a polyelectrolyte flocculent. The term "polyelectrolyte flocculent" as used herein is understood to mean any suitable cationic, non-ionic and anionic flocculent.
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 4 Figure 1 is a flow sheet of the main steps in a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention; and Figure 2 is a flow sheet of the main process stups in a pilot plant trial of the process of the present invention.
With reference to Figure 1; in a preferred embodiment of the process of the invention, a liquor from a leaching or beneficiation circuit for soluble oxidised nickelcontaining ore is conditioned in a series of tanks by pH adjustment or addition of a suitable sulfur-containing compound to precipitate the nickel as an hydroxide or sulphide.
The resultant liquor containing a suspension of the nickel precipitate, an inert particulate carrier, and a polyelectrolyte flocculent are mixed together in a suitable form of mixing vessel in amounts selected to form flocs of the nickel precipitate and the inert particulate carrier. l The flocs and a relatively small part of the liquor are then separated from the major part of the liquor by 1 allowing the flocs to settle under gravity or directing the liquor in a stream past a magnetic separator so that the flocs are recovered on the magnetic separator.
The separated flocs and the relatively small part of the liquor are agitated to break-up the flocs and thereby separate the inert particulate carrier and the nickel precipitate. The inert particulate carrier is returned for re-use in the circuit described above and the nickel precipitate and remaining liquor are transferred to a suitable filter or concentration system in with the nickel i C WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 precipitate is separated from the remaining liquor.
Specifically, the nickel precipitate is collected as the filter cake or consolidated sludge and then is treated as required to recover the nickel values.
The preferred embodiment of the process of the invention described above has been found to be an efficient and effective process for recovering soluble nickel that is in low concentrations, typically less than 2 in a liquor from a leaching or beneficiation circuit for oxidised nickel-containing ores.
The present invention is described further with reference to the following examples.
Example 1 A synthetic nickel-containing liquor was prepared to simulate a liquor from a nickel leaching circuit and was treated in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the method the present invention.
The liquor was acidic and on neutralization to pH 8produced a green gelatinous precipitate of nickel hydroxide. The neutralized liquor was mixed with 10 vol% silica sand and a polyelectrolyte flocculent and the flocs of nickel hydroxide and silica sand were allowed to settle.
After a suitable period of time, the flocs (with a part of the liquor) were separated from the relatively clarified liquor. The flocs were agitated to break-up the flocs into a component comprising the silica sand and a component comprising the nickel hydroxide and the retained liquor.
The nickel hydroxide/retained liquor component was separated from the silica sand component and was passed :i -C WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 6 through a filter to separate the nickel hydroxide and the retained liquor.
It was found that the concentration of nickel hydroxide in the liquor was significantly reduced by the preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Specifically, the concentration of nickel hydroxide dropped from 2000 mg/l to 10.5 mg/l.
In addition, it was found that the nickel hydroxide precipitate did not blind the filter.
Example 2 A 13 day pilot plant trial was carried out on tailings dam water of the Kwinana Nickel Refinery in Western Australia.
The tailings dam water contained dissolved nickel, copper, and cobalt, and suspended solids in the concentrations set out below.
Concentration Mg/l Ni: 410-500 Cu: 20-30 Co: 40-70 Suspended 20-18400 solids: The pH of the tailings dam water varied between 5.4 and WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 7 The objective of the trial was to precipitate the nickel, copper and cobalt as metal sulphides and to remove the black metal sulphides precipitate and the suspended solids as a combined sludge.
The pilot plant was operated to treat between 3.4 and 3.8 m 3 /hr tailings dam water during the course of the trial. Sodium sulphide was added to the tailings dam water as the sulphur-containing compound for precipitating the nickel, copper, and cobalt from solution, alum was added as a coagulant, and magnetite was added as the inert particulate carrier.
The pilot plant was operated in accordance with the sequence of steps in the flow sheet shown in Figure 2.
With reference to the figure, sodium sulphide (sulphide precipitant) and alum (coagulant) were added to the raw feed of tailings dam water and the raw feed was then passed through a series of conditioning tanks 3 to allow sufficient residence time, typically 90 seconds, for the metal sulphide precipitate to form.
The raw feed, now containing a black gelatinous metal sulphide precipitate, w.s transferred to an agitated tank and mixed with magnetite.
The agitated mixture was discharged continuously from the agitated tank and a flocculent was added to the mixture prior to introducing the mixture into a conical constant density tank 7 having a central draft tube with a flocculent blending agitator located in the draft tube.
The mixture was fed to the top of the draft tube and flocs of the metal sulphide precipitate/suspended !l WO 93/01320 PC/AU92/00343 8 solids/magnetite settled quickly to the bottom of the tank.
The underflow from the constant density tank 7 was transferred to a cyclone 9 to separate the magnetite from the metal sulphide precipitate, suspended solids, and retained liquor. The magnetite, discharged as the cyclone underflow, was recycled to the agitator tank 5. The cyclone overflow, which comprised the metal sulphide precipitate/suspended solids/retained liquor was transferred to a settling tank 11 in which the metal sulphide precipitate and suspended solids formed a concentrate of a toothpaste-like consistency.
The overflow from the constant density tank 11, which comprised relatively clarified liquor, was treated in a second series of agitator and constant density tanks 13, to remove any remaining metal sulphide precipitate and suspended solids. The treated liquor discharged as the overflow from the second constant density tank 15 was then analysed.
It was found from analysis of the treated liquor that the process consistently removed in excess of 98% of the dissolved nickel, cobalt, and copper in the raw feed, with i the treated liquor containing the following concentrations of nickel, cobalt, copper and suspended solids.
Concentration Mg/l Ni: Cu: <1 Co: <1 Suspended 20
Claims (9)
1. A process for recovering nickel in soluble form from a liquor, the process comprising: precipitating nickel from solution; adding an inert particulate carrier and a flocculent to the liquor to form flocs comprising nickel precipitate, inert particulate carrier, and flocculent; separating the flocs from the liquor; and separating the nickel precipitate from the flocs.
2. The process defined in claim 1, further comprising passing the nickel precipitate and flocculent through a filter or a concentration system to recover the nickel as a filter cake.
3. The process defined in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the precipitation step comprises adjusting the pH of the liquor to precipitate the nickel as an hydroxide.
4. The process defined in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the precipitation step comprises adding sulphur containing compounds to precipitate the nickel as a sulphide. The process defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the separation step comprises allowing the flocs to settle by gravity and separating the relatively clarified liquor from the flocs. WO3/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 9 solids: The clarity of the treated liquor was excellent and all samples tested were 1 NTU or less when compared with deionised water. In summary, the pilot plant trial established that the process of the present invention could remove efficiently and consistently substantially all the dissolved nickel in the tailings dam water of the refinery.
Many modifications may be made to the preferred embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 1- WO 93/01320 PCT/AU92/00343 11
6. The process defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the separation step comprises recovering the flocs by a magnetite separator.
7. The process defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the separation step is carried out by agitating the flocs.
8. The process, defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inert particulate carrier is selected from the group consisting of sand, alumina, magnetite, hematite, ilmenite and calcite.
9. The process defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flocculent is a polyelectrolyte flocculent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU22766/92A AU665774B2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1992-07-10 | Recovery of nickel |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPK7139 | 1991-07-10 | ||
| AUPK713991 | 1991-07-10 | ||
| PCT/AU1992/000343 WO1993001320A1 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1992-07-10 | Recovery of nickel |
| AU22766/92A AU665774B2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1992-07-10 | Recovery of nickel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2276692A AU2276692A (en) | 1993-02-11 |
| AU665774B2 true AU665774B2 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
Family
ID=25618713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU22766/92A Ceased AU665774B2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1992-07-10 | Recovery of nickel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU665774B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPO837197A0 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1997-08-28 | Centaur Mining & Exploration Limited | Selective precipitation of nickel and cobalt |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0076094A2 (en) * | 1981-09-29 | 1983-04-06 | Rtr Riotinto Til Holding S.A. | Extraction |
| AU1993683A (en) * | 1982-10-07 | 1984-04-12 | Allied Colloids Limited | Flocculation of acid leach slurries |
| JPH05295501A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for controlling structure of nb-al-base intermetallic compound |
-
1992
- 1992-07-10 AU AU22766/92A patent/AU665774B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0076094A2 (en) * | 1981-09-29 | 1983-04-06 | Rtr Riotinto Til Holding S.A. | Extraction |
| AU1993683A (en) * | 1982-10-07 | 1984-04-12 | Allied Colloids Limited | Flocculation of acid leach slurries |
| JPH05295501A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for controlling structure of nb-al-base intermetallic compound |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2276692A (en) | 1993-02-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |