AU674747B2 - Soil sampling device - Google Patents
Soil sampling device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU674747B2 AU674747B2 AU65955/94A AU6595594A AU674747B2 AU 674747 B2 AU674747 B2 AU 674747B2 AU 65955/94 A AU65955/94 A AU 65955/94A AU 6595594 A AU6595594 A AU 6595594A AU 674747 B2 AU674747 B2 AU 674747B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- sampling device
- soil
- soil sampling
- sleeve
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
UII
P/00/011 Regulation 3.2
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT sc o r s Name of Applicant: Address of Applicant: Actual Inventor: Address for Service: David John MILLS 3 Kirkwood Street Corrigin W.A. 6375 David John MILLS Griffith Hack Co., Patent Trade Mark Attorneys, 256 Adelaide Terrace (6th Floor), Perth, Western Australia, Australia 6000 Standard Complete Specification for the invention entitled: SOIL SAMPLING DEVICE Details of associated Provisional Applications: PL 9644 filed June 25, 1993 The following is a full description of this Invention, including the best method of performing it known to me:- 2 SOIL SAMPLING DEVICE The invention relates to a soil sampling device for extracting a sample of soil from the ground.
In order to determine the suitability of a particular plot of land for growing various crops, it is necessary to extract a soil sample for analysis.
Typically, soil sampling for agricultural purposes has primarily been done with the aid of a slightly tapered hand-held tubular device (commonly referred to as a "pogo stick"' which is pushed into the ground by hand.
However, pogo sticks are subject to a variety of inaccuracies due to difficulty of use in various soil types. In light sandy soils there is a tendency for a portion of the sample to fall from the pogo stick. In dry hard soils it is often difficult to penetrate to a predetermined nominal depth (typically 10cm). Because of these difficulties in use often insufficient numbers of samples are taken to provide an accurate analysis of the soil. There is also a growing concern that soil acidity down to a depth of 25cm may have deleterious effects on *crop production. Yet there is presently no viable equipment including the pogo stick which enables quick and easy sampling to this depth to enable testing of this hypothesis.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a soil sampling device which can provide accurate and consistent soil samples essential for correct interpretation of analysis results.
:..According to the present invention there is 30 provided a soil sampling device for extracting a sample of soil from ground comprising: an elongate hollow member having one end open to and adapted for penetrating the ground and an outlet opening formed distant from said one end; a sleeve fitted over a length of said member; and, 3 a passageway configured so as to direct a fluid to flow between said meiber and said sleeve towards said one end, back through said member from a l.ocation at or near said one end and towards and out of said outlet opening, whereby, in use, a first fluid can be caused to flow through said passageway as said member is moved into the ground to carry soil entering said one end through said outlet opening thereby extracting a sample of soil from the ground.
Preferably said soil sampling device includes a first chamber communicating between said outlet opening and a soil collection means and provided with an inlet for allowing a second fluid to flow through said chamber toward said soil collection means, whereby, in use, a second fluid can be caused to flow through said chamber which together with said first fluid can carry said soil to said soil collection means.
Preferably said soil sampling device includes a vacuum means communicating between said chamber and said soil collection means for creating a vacuum to draw said second fluid through said inlet into said chamber and towards said soil collection means.
Preferably said vacuum means is a venturi vacuum device whereby said vacuum is created by the venturi effect.
Preferably said soil sampling device includes a r o fluid supply for supplying both said first fluid and a fluid for operating said vacuum means.
30 Preferably said passageway includes a first .oo• aperture formed in said member near said one end, said aperture configured so as to direct fluid passing therethrough to flow toward said outlet opening.
."*Preferably said passageway further includes a second aperture formed downstream of said first aperture and arranged so as to allow fluid communication from a region outside said sleeve to between said sleeve and said 4 member.
Preferably said second aperture comprises a hole formed in and near a second end of said sleeve.
Preferably said sleeve is dimensioned so that a space is formed between said sleeve and said member for at least the distance between said first and second apertures, said space forming a part of said passageway.
Preferably said soil sampling device further comprises coupling means for coupling a fluid supply to said passageway, said coupling means providing fluid communication between said fluid supply and said second aperture.
Preferably said coupling means comprises a second chamber which encloses said second aperture.
Preferably said soil sampling device further comprises a support for supporting said member and said sleeve for movement in the direction of their length into and out of the ground.
Preferably said support includes a base plate having one side for bearing against the ground, said base plate provided with a hole through which said sleeve and member pass when moved in the direction of their length.
Preferably said base plate includes a bush extending upright from a side opposite said one side and aligned with said hole for receiving said sleeve, an inside surface of said bush provided with a wear resistant material.
Preferably said wear resistant material is made from graphite impregnated nylon.
30 Preferably said member extends through said coupling and said coupling is slidably connected with said support in a manner so as to facilitate movement of said member and sleeve in the direction of their length.
o Preferably said support further comprises an upright post extending from said opposite side of the base to which said coupling is slidably connected.
5 Preferably an end of said member opposite said one end is adapted for connection with a rotary tool whereby, on operation of said rotary tool, said member and said sleeve can rotate about an axis parallel to the direction of their length.
Preferably said one end of said member is provided with cutting means.
Preferably the flow rate of said fluid caused to flow through said passageway can be varied in accordance with soil type and/or condition.
Preferably said soil sampling device is constructed as a hand held tool.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the soil sampling device; and, Figure 2 is a fragmented side view of an upper portion of the soil sampling device with a cyclone attached.
As shown in the accompanying drawings, a soil sampling device 10 for extracting a sample of soil from ground comprises an elongate hollow member in the form of a hollow shaft 12 having an end 14 open to and adapted for penetrating the ground and an outlet 16 formed at a second end 18 distant the first end 14. A sleeve 20 is fitted over a length of the shaft 12 and has a first end 22 coterminous with end 14 of the shaft 12. A passageway is formed in the sampling device 10 and configured so as to 30 direct a fluid to flow from outside the sleeve 20, between coo• the shaft 12 and sleeve 20 toward end 14, through the shaft 12 from a location near and inboard the end 14 and out the outlet opening 16. When a fluid such as compressed air is ,caused,,tQ4flo through the passageway as the shaft 12 is moved into the ground, the compressed air can carry the soil entering end 14 through the outlet opening 16 thereby extracting a sample of soil.
6 Cutting means such as tungsten teeth 21 are provided at end 14 to assist in the penetration of the shaft 12 into the ground. A stub 23 is provided at end 18 of the shaft 12 to allow connection with a rotary power tool such as an electric or pneumatic drill.
The passageway includes a number of apertures or holes 26 formed through the shaft 12 near and inboard of end 14; a number of apertures or holes 28 formed in the sleeve 20 at an end 30 of the sleeve opposite end 22; and, an annular space 32 formed between the sleeve 20 and shaft 12 extending between the holes 28 and 26.
The annular space 32 is formed by dimensioning the sleeve 20 so that its inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the shaft 12. End 22 of the sleeve 20 and chamber 34 are sealed to constrain compressed air to flow through the passageway. In order to assist directing of compressed air toward the outlet opening 16, the holes 26 are formed with their central axes inclined toward end 18 in the upstream direction.
The sleeve 20 and shaft 12 are connected together so as to move in unison. The connection can be formed by welding end 22 of the sleeve to the shaft 12 which also effectively seals these ends. Alternatively, another type g of mechanical coupling can be formed between one end of the .O.o sleeve 20 and the shaft 12.
Coupling means in the form of a chamber 34 is connected about end 30 of the sleeve 20 to enclose the holes 28. The chamber is provided with an inlet 36 to allow connection with a compressed air supply (not shown).
30 Upper and lower walls, 38 and 40 of the chamber 34 are clog o..provided with seals and bearings (not shown) which allow rotation of the shaft 12 and sleeve 20 relative to chamber 34 while maintaining an air seal. The seals and bearings also prevent axial movement of the shaft 12 relative to the chanmber 34.
The chamber 34 is slidably connected with a support 42 which allows movement of the shaft 12 in the 7 direction of its length. The support 42 includes a base plate 44 having a side 46 for bearing against the ground and an upright post 48 extending from an opposite side of the base plate 44. The base plate 44 also assists in containing the soil immediately therebeneath when the device 10 is in use which may otherwise be blasted away by the air emanating from holes 26 as the shaft is lowered into contact with the ground. The chamber 34 is slidably connected by means of a slide coupler 51 to the post 48. A hole 52 is formed through the centre of the base plate 44 to allow movement of the shaft 12 and sleeve 20 in the direction of their length into the ground. Bush 54 extends from side 50 of the base plate 44 in alignment with the hole 52 for receiving the sleeve 20. An inside surface of the bush 54 is formed with a wear resistant material such as graphite impregnated nylon.
Return spring 56 extends about the sleeve 20 and is constrained between the lower wall 40 of chamber 34 and the free end of bush 54. The spring is configured so as to resist movement of the sleeve 12 into the ground. A depth gauge 58 is releasably connected with the post 48 to limit the depth of penetration of the shaft 12 into the ground.
In order to provide a measure of the depth of penetration a scale (not shown) may be marked along the length of the post 48.
As shown in Figure 2, a second chamber 60 is formed about the shaft 12 and encloses the outlet opening 16. An air seal is formed between a lower wall 62 of the chamber 60 and the shaft 12. However, an opening 64 formed 30 in an upper wall 66 of the chamber 60 so as to form an air gap 68 about the shaft 12 as it passes through the upper *9*9 wall 66. Outlet pipe 70 is connected to a side wall of the chamber 60 at a level corresponding to that of the outlet .i opening 16. The outlet pipe 70 is connected by a hose 72 to a vacuum means, advantageously in the form of a venturi vacuum device 74, which inturn is connected via a hose 76 to a cyclone 78. A collection bag 80 is attached to the 8 outlet of the cyclone 78.
The vacuum device 74 is connected to a supply of compressed air and operates so as to produce a pressure differential from end 75 to end 77 with the higher pressure being at end 77.
The operation of the soil sampling device 10 will now be described.
The device 10 is set down with side 46 of base plate 44 bearing on the ground. The intended depth soil sampling is set by adjustment of the depth gauge 58. The inlet 36 of chamber 34 and venturi vacuum device 74 are connected with a supply of compressed air (not shown). A rotary power tool (not shown) is coupled to stub 23 and operated so that shaft 12 drills into the ground. The slide coupling 51 slides along the post 48 toward the depth gauge 58 and the shaft 12 and sleeve 20 penetrate the ground. At the same time, compressed air entering through inlet 36 flow through holes 28, annular space 32, holes 26, through the shaft 12 and out the outlet opening 16. As air passes through the holes 26, it picks up and carries with it soil entering end 14. This soil flows into chamber The effect of the venturi vacuum device 74 is to form a high volume low pressure flow of air toward the cyclone 78 which carries the soil to the cyclone 78. The volume of air produced by the venturi vacuum device enters the chamber 60 through the air gap 68. The soil entering the cyclone 78 is separated by centrifugal force and density and falls into collection bag 80. The most significant benefits of incorporating the venturi vacuum device are S 30 that it assists in reducing the instances of blockage as it *helps to draw the soil through the device and it reduces the total amount of compressed air required to draw the soil from the ground and deposit in the cyclone 78.
Once the desired depth of sampling has been reached, the shaft 12 pulled upwardly out of the ground and the supply of compressed air disconnected from the device The return spring 56 assists in withdrawal of the 9 shaft 12 from the ground.
Now that an embodiment of the invention has been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts that numerous modifications and variations may be made without departing from the basic inventive concepts. For example, the return spring 56 can be relocated to extend between the depth gauge 58 and the slide coupling 51. Furthermore, rather than using holes 28, communication between the annular space 32 and compressed air supply can be achieved by simply leaving the upper end 30 of the sleeve 20 open. In addition, a valve for controlling communication between inlet 36 and the compressed air supply can be connected to shaft 48 of base Splate 44 and tripped by the slide coupler 51 when the shaft 12 is moved in the downward direction from its rest positionUpon commencement of "drilling" the slide coupler 51 switches the valve to provide a fluid flow path between the air supply and chamber 34 and vacuum device 74. When sampling is completed, in returning the shaft 12 to its rest position the slide coupler 51 again switches the valve to automatically disconnect the chamber 34 and vacuum device 74 from the air supply.
In another variation, a demountable ring may be connected at end 14 of shaft 12 for carrying the tungsten teeth 21. The ring may also be of a length so as to cover holes 26 in which case corresponding holes would be formed in the ring for registration with holes 26. By virtue of iomo this arrangement the teeth 21 can be replaced by merely replacing the ring rather than necessitating replacement of 30 shaft 12. The outer circumferential surface of the ring can be provided with a screw thread to facilitate a screw connection with sleeve 0The sampling device can also include means for varying the flow rate of air entering the chamber 34 (and subsequently flowing through the passageway), in accordance with soil type and condition.
10 To assist in the breaking of soil clumps additional cutting teeth can be provided about end 14 of shaft 12 extending radially inwardly.
By incorporation of additional venturi vacuum devices 74 connected in series, it is possible to extend the distance between the cyclone 78 and the shaft 12 so that they are remotely located from each other. This is advantageous as it allows the cyclone 78 to be mounted on a vehicle while a person can carry the shaft 12 and support 42 from location to location to extract soil samples. It is envisaged that the series connection of venturi vacuum devices to produce an additional air flow to prevent blockages and assist in soil extraction while keeping the total compressed air requirements relatively small may also have application in the mining industry.
Such modifications and variations are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention the nature of which is to be determined from the foregoing description.
i.
o
S
Claims (14)
- 3.1 THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS: i. A soil sampling device for extracting a sample of soil from ground comprising: an elongate hollow member having one end open to and adapted for penetrating the ground and an outlet opening formed distant from said one end; a sleeve fitted over a length of said member; and, a passageway configured so as to direct a fluid to flow between said member and said sleeve towards said one end, and back through said member from a location at or near said one end towards said outlet opening, whereby, in use, a first fluid can be caused to flow through said passageway as said member is moved into the ground to carry soil entering said one end through said :outlet opening thereby extracting a sample of soil from the ground. eoe eeq A soil sampling device according to claim i, co further comprising a first chamber communicating between said outlet opening and a soil collection means, said first chamber provided with an inlet for allowing a second fluid to flow through said first chamber toward said soil collection means, whereby, in use, a second fluid can be ooe S" caused to flow through said first chaymber which together .eoe. with said first fluid can carry said soil to said soil collection means. 3. A soil sampling device according to claim 2, further comprising a vacuum means communicating between said chamber and said soil collection means for creating a vacuum to draw said second fluid through said inlet into said chamber and towards said soil collection means.
- 4. A soil sampling device according to claim 3, wherein said vacuum means is a venturi vacuum device -4 whereby said vacuum is created by the venturi effect. 12 A soil sampling device according to claim 4, -urther comprising a fluid supply for supplying both said first fluid and a fluid for operating said vacuum means.
- 6. A soil sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said passageway includes a first aperture formed in said member near said one end, said aperture configured so as to direct fluid passing therethrough to flow toward said outlet opening.
- 7. A soil sampling device according to claim 6 wherein said passageway further includes a second aperture formed in said sleeve downstream of said first aperture and arranged so as to allow fluid communication from a region outside said sleeve to between said sleeve and said member.
- 8. A soil sampling device according to claim 7, 15 wherein said second aperture comprises a hole formed in and :near an end of said sleeve distant said one end.
- 9. A soil sampling device according to clai: 8, wherein said sleeve is dimensioned so that a space is formed between said sleeve and said member for at least the distance between said first and second apertures, said :oo•E space forming a part of said passageway. S. 10. A soil sampling device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein said soil sampling device further comprises coupling means for coupling a fluid supply to said passageway, said coupling means providing fluid communication between said fluid supply and said second aperture.
- 11. A suil sampling device according to claim wherein said coupling means comprises a second chamber which encloses said second aperture. 13
- 12. A soil sampling devil according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a support for supporting said member and said sleeve for movement in the direction of their length into and out of the ground.
- 13. A soil sampling device according to claim 12, wherein said support includes a base plate having one side for bearing against the ground, said base plate provided with a hole through which said sleeve and member pass when moved in the direction of their length.
- 14. A soil sampling device according to claim 13, wherein said base plate includes a bush extending upright from a side opposite said one side and aligned with said hole for receiving said sleeve, an inside surface of said bush provided with a wear resistant material.
- 15. A soil sampling device according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein said member extends through :said coupling and said coupling is slidably connected with said sapport in a manner so as to facilitate movement of said member and sleeve in the direction of their length. 20 16. A soil sampling device according to claim wherein said support further comprises an upright post extending from said opposite side of the base to which said couplihg is slidably connected. *0e 0
- 17. A soil sampling device according to claim 16, 25 wherein an end of said member opposite said one end is adapted for connection with a rotary tool whereby, on operation of said rotary tool, said member and said sleeve can rotate about an axis parallel to the direction of their length. 14
- 18. A soil sampling device according to claim 17, wherein said one end of said member is provided with cutting means.
- 19. A soil sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 18 wherein said soil sampling device is constructed as a hand held tool. A soil sampling device substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Dated this 24th day of June, 1994. DAVID JOHN MILLS By his Patent Attorneys: GRIFFITH HACK CO. Fellows Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia. oO
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU65955/94A AU674747B2 (en) | 1993-06-25 | 1994-06-24 | Soil sampling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPL964493 | 1993-06-25 | ||
| AUPL9644 | 1993-06-25 | ||
| AU65955/94A AU674747B2 (en) | 1993-06-25 | 1994-06-24 | Soil sampling device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU6595594A AU6595594A (en) | 1995-01-05 |
| AU674747B2 true AU674747B2 (en) | 1997-01-09 |
Family
ID=25634954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU65955/94A Ceased AU674747B2 (en) | 1993-06-25 | 1994-06-24 | Soil sampling device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU674747B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN400195A0 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1995-07-27 | Aba-Sun Pty. Limited | Drilling apparatus |
| CN117049082B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2025-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rotary elastoplastic sealing device for transferring and sealing star soil samples |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2275635A1 (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-01-16 | Clark Barry | DRILLING SAMPLE COLLECTION APPARATUS |
| SU628418A2 (en) * | 1975-10-27 | 1978-10-15 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Морской Геологии И Геофизики | Bottom ground sampling device |
| JPH03197789A (en) * | 1989-12-25 | 1991-08-29 | Chuo Kaihatsu Kk | Sampling method of high quality of geologic sample and device thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-06-24 AU AU65955/94A patent/AU674747B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2275635A1 (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-01-16 | Clark Barry | DRILLING SAMPLE COLLECTION APPARATUS |
| SU628418A2 (en) * | 1975-10-27 | 1978-10-15 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Морской Геологии И Геофизики | Bottom ground sampling device |
| JPH03197789A (en) * | 1989-12-25 | 1991-08-29 | Chuo Kaihatsu Kk | Sampling method of high quality of geologic sample and device thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6595594A (en) | 1995-01-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |