AU705751B2 - An agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis - Google Patents

Description

-1

DESCRIPTION

AN AGENT FOR INHIBITING CARCINOGENESIS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis, specifically, it relates to an agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the digestive tract. More particularly, the invention relates to an agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis comprising, as the active ingredient, a carbostyril derivative represented by the following general formula *9*

CH

2

CH-COOH

NHCO-

(I)

*0 N 0=

H

H

[wherein R is a halogen atom (a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom); the substituted position of the substituent in the carbostyril skeleton is 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between 3- and 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a 15 single bond or a double bond]; or a salt thereof, preferably 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon-4yl)propionic acid or salt thereof.

BACKGROUND ART The carbostyril derivatives represented by the general formula and processes for producing the same WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 2 are described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63- 35623, the usefulness of the carbostyril derivatives as anti-gastric ulcer agents are described in Japanese Patent Application Kokai (Laid-open) No. 3-74329, and processes for producing those carbostyril derivatives having optical activities are described in Japanese Patent Application Kokai (Laid-open) No. 3-145468.

Further, inhibitory effect of carbostyril derivatives of the present invention on reactive oxygen metabolites is described in Japan. J. Pharmacol., Vol.

49, pp. 441-448 (1969), and the protectability of gastric mucous membrane by carbostyril derivatives of the present invention is described in Folia Pharmacol.

Japon., Vol. 97, pp. 371-380 (1991).

Furthermore, the usefulness of carbostyril derivatives as agents for curing diabetes mellitus is described in International Publication No. WO 92/21342, the usefulness of carbostyril derivatives as agents for protecting intestinal mucosa from disorders is described in International Publication No. WO 94/12182, and the usefulness of carbostyril derivatives as agents for inhibiting reduction in somatostatin secretion is described in International Publication No. WO 93/24043.

Hitherto, various terpenes, flavonoids and steroids have been found as to the substances having the activity for inhibiting carcinogenesis. However, from a safety viewpoint, these substances have not been practically applied yet as to agents for inhibiting WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 3 carcinogenesis. Under the circumstances, it is expected the development of safety and effective substances for inhibiting carcinogenesis.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have made an extensive study to find effective agents for inhibiting carcinogenesis. As a result, the inventors have found the fact that carbostyril derivatives represented by the general formula or salts thereof, particularly among of these, 2-( 4 -chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon-4yl)propionic acid or a salt thereof possess excellent pharmacological activity for inhibiting carcinogenesis.

Thus, the present invention has completed by said pharmacological finding.

In the present specification, the term "cancers" means cancers originated from the epitheliums existed in various parts of the body, for example, cancers originated from epitheliums of the skin, the tongue, the pharynx, the trachea, as well as cancers of the digestive tracts, such as the esophagus, the stomach, the duodenum, the small intestine and the large intestine.

The agents for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the present invention can be prepared into various forms of common pharmaceutical preparations by formulating the carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula or a salt thereof.

WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 4 The pharmaceutical preparations are prepared by formulating with commonly employed diluents or excipients, such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants and the like. The pharmaceutical preparations can be shaped into various forms depending upon the curing purposes, thus, typical examples of the forms are tablets, pills, powders, liquid medicines, suspensions, emulsions, granules, capsules, suppositories, injection preparations (liquid, suspension and the like), aerosol preparations, syrup preparations and preparations for external use and the like. Further, sustained release preparations can also be prepared by formulating with suitable resins.

For the purpose of shaping into the form of tablets, any known carriers which are used widely in this field can be applied, for example, excipients such as lactose, white sugar, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose, silicic acid and the like; binders such as water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, carboxymethyl cellulose, shellac, methyl cellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the like; disintegrators such as dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, laminarin powder, sodium hydrogen-carbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, sodium lauryl sulfate, monoglycerides of stearic WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 acid, starch, lactose and the like; disintegration inhibitors such as white sugar, stearin, cacao butter, hydrogenated oils and the like; absorption accelerators such as quaternary ammonium base, sodium lauryl sulfate and the like; humectants such as glycerin, starch and the like; adsorbents such as starch, lactose, kaolin, bentonite, colloidal silicic acid and the like; lubricants such as refined talc, stearic acid salts, boric acid powder, polyethylene glycols and the like.

In case of necessity, the tablets can be prepared in the form of common coated tablets, for example, sugar-coated tablets, gelatin film-coated tablets, enteric filmcoated tablets, film-coated tablets, or in the form of double-layers tablets, multiple-layers tablets and the like.

For the purpose of shaping into the form of pills, any known carriers which are widely used in this field can be applied, for example, excipients such as glucose, lactose, starch, cacao butter, hydrogenated vegetable oils, kaolin, talc and the like; binders such as arabic gum powder, tragacanth gum powder, gelatin, ethanol and the like; and disintegrators such as laminarin, agar-agar and the like can be exemplified.

For the purpose of shaping into the form of suppositories, any known carriers which are widely used in this field can be applied, for example, polyethylene glycols, cacao butter, higher alcohols, esters of higher WO 97/09045 PCT/JP9 6 0 2 3 1 9 6 alcohol, gelatin, semi-synthesized glycerides and the like can be exemplified.

For the purpose of shaping into the form of injection preparations, they can be prepared to solutions, emulsions or suspensions. Generally they are sterilized and preferably made isotonic to the blood.

In preparing the injection preparations as in the form of solutions, emulsions or suspensions, any known diluents which are widely used in this field can be applied. For example, water, ethanol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isostearyl alcohol, fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan and the like can be exemplified. In the case of make the injection preparations isotonic to the blood, sufficient amount of sodium chloride, glucose or glycerin may be contained therein. Additionally, a dissolving adjuvant, a buffer solution, an analgesic agent and the like which are commonly used may be contained therein. In case of necessity, a coloring agent, a preservatives, a perfume, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent and other medicines may be contained therein.

External preparations are prepared in the form of common pharmaceutical preparations for external use.

As to common pharmaceutical preparations for external use are including, for example, a liquid medicine, a medicinal oil, a lotion, a liniment, an oleoginous ointment, an emulsion type ointment, such as O/W type WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 7 hydrophilic ointment and W/O type water-absorbing ointment, a water-soluble ointment, a pasta, a plaster, a patch, a cream, an emulsion and the like, and these forms of pharmaceutical preparations for external use are not restricted within the scope of these examples.

Each one of these forms of pharmaceutical preparations for external use can be prepared by common methods.

In shaping of these external preparations, various base materials which are widely used in this field can be also applied. For example, at least one oleoginous base can be used singly, or mixture of two or more of them can be used widely; or at least one watersoluble ointment base can be used singly, or mixture of two or more of them can be used widely. Concrete examples of these ointment base are fats and oils such as peanut oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, safflower oil, avogado oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, cotton seed oil, castor oil, camellia oil, coconut oil, olive oil, poppy seed oil, cacao butter, beef tallow, lard, wool fat and the like; modified bases obtained by subjecting these fats and oils to chemical changes such as hydrogenation; mineral oils such as petrolatum, paraffin, silicone oil, squalane and the like; higher fatty acid esters such as isopropyl myristate, n-butyl myristate, isopropyl linoleate, acetyl ricinoleate, stearyl ricinoleate, propyl ricinoleate, isopropyl ricinoleate, isobutyl ricinoleate, heptyl ricinoleate, diethyl sebacate and diisopropyl adipate; higher WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 8 aliphatic alcohols such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol; waxes such as bleached bees wax, spermaceti, Japan wax, lanolin, carnauba wax, shellac wax and the like; higher fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and the like; mixtures of mono-, diand tri-glycerides of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms; polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycols, glycerin, batyl alcohol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol and the like; gummy substances such as arabic gum, benzoin gum, guaiacum, tragacanth gum and the like; water-soluble natural high molecular compounds such as gelatin, starch, casein, dextrin, pectin, sodium pectate, sodium alginate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, crystalline cellulose and the like; water-soluble synthetic high molecular compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol, poly(vinyl methyl ether), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, carboxyvinyl polymer, polyethyleneimine and the like; nonionic, anionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants; ethanol, isopropanol and water, can be exemplified.

To the pharmaceutical preparations for external use, there can be added common additives such as a geling agent, a preservative, an antioxidant, a buffer solution, a pH controlling agent, a wetting WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 9 agent, an antiseptic agent, a coloring agent, a flavoring agent, a pigment, a thickening agent, a metal chelating agent and the like.

Aerosol type preparations can be prepared generally by formulating a sterilized solution or suspension of the carbostyril derivative of the general formula with a propellant. In case of shaping in the form of a solution or suspension, any one of known diluents which are commonly used in this field can also be used, thus the diluents which are exemplified in formulating the injection preparations can be used. As to the propellant, any one of the propellants which are commonly used in this field can also be used, thus, liquefied gas propellants such as chlorofluorocarbons like Flon-12 (general term of dichlorodifluoromethane) or Flon-123 (general term of trifluorodichloroethane); compressed gas propellants such as nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas and the like can be exemplified. The aerosol type preparations may further contain a common solubilizing adjuvant, a buffering agent, and the like, and if necessary, a coloring agent, a preservative, a perfume, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent may be added thereto.

The amount of the carbostyril derivative of the general formula or salt thereof to be contained in the agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis according to the present invention is not particularly restricted and can be selected from a wide range, and the amount may be WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 generally selected within the range of 1-70% by weight, preferably 5-50 by weight.

Method for administering the agent of the present invention is not particularly restricted except that the case selected to the specific treating purpose.

The method is decided depending upon the form of preparation, the age of patient, the distinction of sex and other conditions, the degree of disease condition of the patient and others. For example, tablets, pills, a liquid medicine, a suspension, an emulsion, granules, a syrup and capsules are administered orally. An injection preparation is intravenously administered singly or in combination with common auxiliary solutions such as glucose solution and/or amino acid solution, in case of necessity, it is singly administered intramuscularly, intradermally, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally.

A

suppository is administered intrarectally. An external preparation is coated on the diseased part.

Dosage of the agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the present invention may be suitably selected depend upon the age of patient, the distinction of sex and other conditions, as well as the degree of disease condition of the patient and other related factors, and generally the amount of carbostyril derivative of the general formula or salt thereof may be 0.6 to 50 mg per 1 kg of the body weight per day.

The desirable content of the effective ingredient in each unit of administration form may be 10 to 1,000 mg.

WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 11

EXAMPLES

The present invention will be explained more specifically by showing Preparation Examples and Pharmacological Test.

Preparation Example 1 2-(4-Chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon- 4-yl)propionic acid 150 g Avicel (trade name for microcrystalline cellulose, manufactured by Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 40 g Corn starch 30 g Magnesium stearate 2 g Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose 10 g Polyethylene glycol 6000 3 g Castor oil 40 g Methanol 40 g 2-(4-Chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon-4-yl)propionic acid, Avicel, corn starch and magnesium stearate were mixed together and ground, then the mixture was shaped into the form of tables by using a conventional pounder (R 10 mm) for sugar coating. The tablets were coated with a film-coating agent consisting of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, propylene glycol 6000, caster oil and methanol, to prepare film-coated tablets.

WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 Preparation Example 2 2-(4-Chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon- 4-yl)propionic acid 150.0 g Citric acid 1.0 g Lactose 33.5 g Dicalcium phosphate 70.0 g Pluronic F-68 30.0 g Sodium lauryl sulfate 15.0 g Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 15.0 g Polyethylene glycol (Carbowax 1500) 4.5 g Polyethylene glycol (Carbowax 6000) 45.0 g Corn starch 30.0 g Dry sodium lauryl sulfate 3.0 g Dry magnesium stearate 3.0 g Ethanol A sufficient quantity 2-( 4 -Chlorobenzoylamino)-3-( 2 -quinolon-4-yl)propionic acid, citric acid, lactose, dicalcium phosphate, Pluronic F-68 and sodium lauryl sulfate were mixed together.

The mixture was sieved through a No. screen. The resulting sieved mixture was wet-granulated with an ethanol solution containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone, Carbowax 1500 and Carbowax 6000. In case of necessity, ethanol was added to convert the mixture into a paste-like mass. Corn starch was added, and mixing operation was continued until uniform particles were formed. The resulting particles were passed through a WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 13 No. 10 screen, then placed in a tray, and were dried in an oven at 100 0 C for 12-14 hours. The dried particles were sieved through a No. 16 screen. Next, dry sodium lauryl sulfate and dry magnesium stearate were added to the resulting particles. The mixture was compressed into core tablets of the desired shape by using a tablet machine.

The resulting core tablets were treated with a varnish and then talc was sprayed thereon for preventing from moisture absorption. On the surface of resulting core tablets, undercoat layer was coated. Sufficient number of varnish coatings were conducted to the core tablets so as to make them suitable for internal use.

Formation of undercoat layer and smooth coating were conducted to make the coated tablets having completely round and smooth surface. Color coating was conducted until the desired color surface was obtained. After drying, the coated tablets were polished to obtain tablets of uniform gloss.

Preparation Example 3 2-(4-Chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon- 4-yl)propionic acid Polyethylene glycol (mol. wt.: 4000) Sodium chloride Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Sodium metabisulfite Methylparaben Propylparaben Distilled water for injection 5.0 g 0.3 g 0.9 g 0.4 g 0.1 g 0.18 g 0.02 g 10.0 ml WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 14 Parabens, sodium metabisulfite and sodium chloride were dissolved in a half volume of the above mentioned distilled water for injection at 80 0 C under stirring. The resulting solution was cooled to 40 0

C,

then to this solution was added 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolon-4-yl)propionic acid, polyethylene glycol and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and were dissolved. Next, to the resulting solution was added the remaining a half volume of the distilled water to make the solution to the final volume. Thus obtained solution was sterilized by passing through a suitable filter paper, to prepare the desired injection preparation.

Pharmacological test Effect for inhibiting carcinogenesis of ENNGinduced cancer of the duodenum in mouse C57/B16 strain mice of 8 week-age were used as test animals. N-Ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG), which is known as a carcinogenic substance, was administered to the mice to produce cancer of the duodenum, then 2 4 -chlorobenzoylamino)-3- (2-quinolon-4-yl)propionic acid (general name: Rebamipide) was administered as test compound to the test mice to examine the activity for inhibiting carcinogenesis.

The test mice were classified into three groups of A, B and C (each one of the groups is con- WO 97/09045 PCT/JP96/02319 sisting of 30 mice). The all of the test mice were given freely the drinking water which contains ENNG in the concentration of 100 mg/liter for 4 weeks.

Thereafter, one solid feed in which the amount of test compound of Rebamipide is controlled to keep in the rate of 20 mg/kg/day were given to the mice of Group A from 5th to 16th week, and another solid feed in which the amount of test compound of Rebamipide is controlled to keep in the rate of 50 mg/kg/day were given to the mice of Group B for from 5th to 16th week. Each one of the test mice of Groups of A, B and C were given tap water freely, then the duodenums of the test mice were sacrificed on the 16th week after the administration of the test compound, and the effect for inhibiting carcinogenesis performed by the test compound were examined.

As the result, in comparison with the incidence of carcinogenesis of 66.7% shown by test mice of Group C to which test compound of Rebamipide were not administered, while the incidence of carcinogenesis shown by test mice of Group A was 58.1% and the incidence of carcinogenesis shown by test mice of Group B was 45.2%, respectively. Thus, it can be said clearly that the carcinogenesis were inhibited by administration of carbostyril derivative (Rebapimide) of the present invention. The average incidences of carcinogenesis (average SD) were 0.84 0.86 in Group A, 0.68 0.87 in Group B and 1.21 1.27 in Group C, respec- 16 tively, thus the carcinogenesis were inhibited in the test mice of Groups A and B which were administered with carbostyril derivative of the present invention.

Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

0 0*0 0*000 *0

O

*S

*o 0 S o 4 s *o

I

Claims (15)

1. A composition when used for inhibiting carcinogenesis where the cancer is not caused by a decrease in somatostatin secretion, which comprises, as the active ingredient a carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula S CH 2 CHCOOH R NHCO 0 N (I) O wherein R is a halogen atom; the substitution position of the substituent R in the carbostyril skeleton is the 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between the 3- or 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a single bond or a double bond; or a salt thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

2. A composition when used for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the digestive tract which comprises, as the active ingredient, a carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula o0 CH 2 CHCOOH R NHC(I) N O wherein R is a halogen atom; the substitution position of the substituent R in the carbostyril skeleton is the 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between the 3- and 4 -positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a single bond or a double bond; or a salt thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

3. A method for inhibiting carcinogenesis where the cancer is not caused by a decrease in somatostatin secretion, the method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis which comprises, 18 as the active ingredient, in an effective amount for inhibiting carcinogenesis, a carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula CH 2 CHCOOH R NHCO NHCO (I) N 0 wherein R is a halogen atom; the substitution position of the substituent R in the carbostyril skeleton is the 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between the 3- and 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a single bond or a double bond; or a salt thereof.

4. A method for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the digestive tract by administering to a patient in need thereof an agent for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the digestive tract 'which comprises, as the active ingredient, in an effective amount for S* inhibiting carcinogenesis of the digestive tract of a carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula -*4S CH 2 CHCOOH R N o NHCO N o wherein R is a halogen atom; the substitution position of the substituent R in the *S carbostyril skeleton is the 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between the 3- and 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a single bond or a double bond; or a salt thereof.

Use of a compound for the production of a medicament for inhibiting carcinogenesis where the cancer is not caused by a decrease in somatostatin secretion, which medicament comprises, as the active ingredient, a carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula i' II'l PI1)1 il i CH 2 CHCOOH R NHCO- (I N O wherein R is a halogen atom; the substitution position of the substituent R in the carbostyril skeleton is the 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between the 3- and 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a single bond or a double bond; or salt thereof.

6. Use of a compound for the production of a medicament for inhibiting carcinogenesis of the digestive tract, which medicament comprises as the active ingredient, a carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula S CH 2 CHCOOH R INHCO wherein R is a halogen atom; the substitution position of the substituent R in the carbostyril skeleton is the 3- or 4-position in the carbostyril skeleton; and the carbon-carbon bond between the 3- and 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton is a single bond or a double bond; *or a salt thereof.

7. Thei co mposition of Claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is 2-(4- Si t chloroben3zoylamino)-3-(2-quioion in-4-yl)propionic acid or a salt thereof.

8. The composition of claim 2, wherein the active ingredient is 2-(4- chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2-quinolone-4-yl) propionic acid or a salt thereof.

9. The method of Claim 3, wherein the active ingredient is 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3- (2-quinolon-4-yl) propionic acid or a salt thereof. (2-quinolon-4-yl) propionic acid or a salt thereof.

P:\OPER\PDB\67100-96.056 25/2/99 The method Claim 4, wherein the active ingredient is 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2- quinolon-4-yl)propionic acid or a salt thereof.

11. The use of Claim 5, wherein the active ingredient is 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2- quinolon-4-yl) propionic acid or a salt thereof.

12. The use of Claim 6, wherein the active ingredient is 2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-(2- quinolon-4-yl) propionic acid or salt thereof.

13. A composition according to Claim 1 or 2 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.

14. A method according to claim 3 or 4 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.

15. Use according to claim 5 or 6 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples. 0 0 0 00 p *0* 00 S *0*0 0000 0 0000 +000 0 *0 0 *000 ~i 00 0 00 00 0 0 DATED this 25th day of February 1999 20 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. By its Patent Attorneys DAVIES COLLISON CAVE 00 0 0 0 0