AU708379B2 - Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections - Google Patents
Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU708379B2 AU708379B2 AU17399/99A AU1739999A AU708379B2 AU 708379 B2 AU708379 B2 AU 708379B2 AU 17399/99 A AU17399/99 A AU 17399/99A AU 1739999 A AU1739999 A AU 1739999A AU 708379 B2 AU708379 B2 AU 708379B2
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- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- section
- temperature
- steel section
- yield strength
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Description
1 "METHOD OF INCREASING THE YIELD STRENGTH OF COLD FORMED STEEL SECTIONS" TECHNICAL
FIELD
This invention relates to a method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections during the course of in-line roll forming a steel strip to a desired structural shape.
BACKGROUND
ART
The process of forming steel strip into desired structural shapes such as rectangular hollow section, circular tube, angles, channels and other open profile sections is well known and has been in use for many years. The feed material is normally so-called "black" steel which has typically been formed into steel strip by 15 a hot rolling process in a manufacturing mill.
:In the past one normally recognised method of obtaining increased yield strength of the finished product formed from a subsequent cold rolling process, is to alter the "chemistry" of the steel strip, i.e. by 20 adding various alloying metals into the composition of ages "a-the steel before hot rolling. Another method is the use of thermomechanical practice during hot rolling. These are expensive processes due to the cost of the metal to alloy and the process for obtaining the desired mix of alloy, the technological cost of processing by thermomechanical practices, and also because of the e*..gg necessity to keep inventory of different types of metal section in order to meet the demand for different performance characteristics at an economical price.
For these reasons, the vast majority of all cold rolled steel sections are formed from common black steel with the size and weight of the section simply being increased where desired to obtain the necessary loadbearing characteristics.
There are however many applications where it is desirable from both engineering and economic points of view to enhance the yield characteristics of the steel from which a structural section is formed in order to -I 1 i 2 give increased performance compared with a similar section rolled from black steel in the conventional manner.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The present invention therefore provides a method of increasing the yield strength of cold rolled steel sections as part of an in-line manufacturing process, comprising the steps of passing a steel section which has been at least partially cold worked and thereby subjected to strain, through a heating stage wherein the temperature of the steel section is elevated to a range between 200 0
C
and 500 0 C, and holding the temperature of the steel section in that temperature range for a time range between two and thirty seconds, the temperature and time combination being selected within the said ranges to achieve a predetermined degree of strain ageing.
Preferably the method includes steps of cooling the steel section after heating and strain ageing and then performing subsequent cold working on the steel section.
Preferably the step of passing the steel section :":'.through a heating stage comprises heating the steel section to a temperature between 200 and 450 0 C over a time between two and thirty seconds and holding the temperature at at least 440 0 C for between one and fifteen seconds.
More preferably the step of passing the steel section through a heating stage comprises heating the steel section to a temperature between 350 and 400 0 C over a time between two and ten seconds and holding the temperature between 440 and 460C for between two and six seconds.
The step of cooling the steel section reduces the temperature of the section to below 90 0 C and preferably to between 25 and 45 0 C before subsequent cold working.
In one form of the invention the steps of elevating the temperature and holding that elevated temperature are performed by the preheating and subsequent coating of the i 3 steel section in an in-line galvanising operation.
Preferably the steel section has a steel composition containing between 0.01 and 0.25% carbon and between 0.001 and 0.006% nitrogen.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Notwithstanding any other forms that may fall within its scope, one preferred form of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:- Fig. 1 is a line diagram of a mill for the continuous forming by cold working of heavy gauge hollow sections from steel strip; and Fig. 2 is a graph of the temperature of a steel section passing through the mill shown in Fig. i.
15 MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In one form of the invention as will now be described the heating of the steel strip after initial cold working is performed as part of an in-line galvanising process although it will be appreciated that 20 the heating could be performed independently of galvanising on a plain black steel section.
The cold working mill shown in the attached drawing takes coils of hot rolled steel strip 1 which are placed in a coil feed magazine 2 before the strip is unrolled and passed through an uncoiling station 3, pinch rolls 4 and leveller rollers 5 to flatten the strip and remove *ee .any coil set. The strip then passes through a splice welding station 6 where subsequent coils are joined endto-end to form a continuous feed strip for the mill.
The strip is then pulled by pinch rolls 7 into an accumulation system 8 and then fed through a shot blast station 9 to prepare the surface of the steel strip.
The initial roll forming of the strip is performed in the shape preparation machine 10 where the initial cold working takes place as the steel section is deformed to its initial configuration at approximately atmospheric temperature and, where it is desired to form a hollow section, longitudinal edge welding of the strip takes 1 4 place.
The steel section 11 then passes into a cooling section 12 to cool the metal after the welding operation.
Where it is desired to provide an in-line coating, e.g. a galvanised coating of the section, the section then passes through an acid pickling stage 13 and a rinsing stage 14 with wiping of the surface being effected after each stage by air knives 15 to remove excess liquid.
The section then passes into heating apparatus 16 which may be by any suitable form but is preferably conducted by electric induction heating. This may be carried out in an inert gas atmosphere in order to preserve the surface condition of the steel section. The 15 induction heating phase raises the temperature of the section to between 200 and 450 0 C over a time period between two and thirty seconds. In the preferred form of {the invention the induction heating raises the temperature to between 350 and 400 0 C over an exposure 20 time of between two and six seconds.
SThe heated section then passes rapidly into an inline galvanising stage 17 where, as part of the galvanising process, the temperature of the section is *held between 440 0 C and 460 0 C for between one and fifteen seconds. In the most preferred form of the invention the "temperature in the galvanising stage is held between 445 0 C and 455 0 C for between two and six seconds.
The section then passes through a quenching station 18 where the temperature of the section is reduced to between 25 and 45 0
C.
These temperature profiles can be clearly seen in Fig. 2 where the numbers in the boxes at the foot of the graph relate to the different stages in the roll forming process shown in Fig. 1 and are designated by similar numbers and wherein the temperature rise in the induction heater 16 is shown at 26 and the temperature holding profile in the galvanising bath at 27. The quenching taking place at 18 results in the temperature profile 28.
i 5 By way of comparison, the normal cold roll forming process for black steel which is not galvanised can be seen at 29.
Subsequent final forming by cold working is then performed by the forming rolls 19 before the section passes through a rinsing station 20 and a coating station 21 where the section may be dried by air knives 22 and a final coating, e.g. of clear polymer may be applied.
Finally the section passes through a drying station 23 to a flying saw 24 where it is cut into desired lengths and passed to an unloading station By elevating the temperature of the section between the initial cold working in the shape preparation machine S 1: 10 and the final forming rolls 19, a "strain aging" 15 operation is performed on the steel section which 'o*considerably enhances the yield strength and the ultimate *tensile strength of the product compared with cold formed steel sections which are not heated between the initial and final cold rolling operation. For continuously cast "20 Al-Si killed 1015 type steels, this increase in strength is typically 55MPa for the yield strength and 50MPa for the ultimate tensile strength. For continuously cast Al- Si killed 1006 type steels, this increase in strength is typically 30 MPa for the yield strength and 30 MPa for the ultimate tensile strength. The degree of strength Cenhancement depends on the amount of cold working CC. occurring in the initial and final forming operation, the temperature and duration of the heating in stages 16 and 17 and the chemical composition of the steel, particularly the carbon content.
The degree of strength enhancement can therefore be tailored to any desired end product either by controlling the parameters of the heating and strain ageing process as set forth above or more particularly by controlling the amount of cold working occurring in the initial operation, i.e. typically in the shape-forming rolls A certain amount of inherent strain will occur in preforming the base steel strip to the desired shape i 1 i x ;i
I
6 before galvanising but if this is insufficient to achieve the desired amount of yield or strength enhancement, an "artificial" degree of strain may be added at this point.
This may be achieved either by longitudinal working of the metal strip, e.g. to a curved profile and then back to a flat profile or by lateral working by passing the flat steel strip in an profile or similar, i.e.
through a sinusoidal path or between pairs of bridal rolls. As the strain ageing process builds upon the strain induced by the initial cold working it is therefore possible to tailor the ultimate yield characteristics of the finished product by controlling the amount of initial strain in this manner.
The chemical composition of the steel and in 15 particular the carbon composition have also been found to have a significant effect on the degree of yield enhancement relating from the initial strain and subsequent strain ageing. The effect has been found to be applicable over carbon ranges between 0.01% and 0.25% 20 carbon in the steel and nitrogen ranges between 0.0015% :':and 0.0045%. Particularly advantageous results have been achieved with carbon contents in the 0.04% to 0.17% Cranges. The effect has been found to be equally Capplicable to hot rolled strip and standard general purpose cold rolled strip base materials with carbon and nitrogen contents in these ranges.
*Although the preferred form of the invention has been described as one incorporating an in-line galvanising station 17, the increased yield strength effect is independent of whether the section is galvanised or not as it is the heating in stages 16 and 17 which contributes to the strain aging of the steel section. It is of course possible to omit the galvanising station 17 and simply to heat the black steel section in the heating stage 16 and hold it over the defined temperature range for the defined time in order to obtain the increased strength properties of the steel section.
7
CLAIMS:-
1. A method of increasing the yield strength of cold rolled steel sections as part of an in-line manufacturing process, comprising the steps of passing a steel section which has been at least partially cold worked and thereby subjected to strain, through a heating stage wherein the temperature of the steel section is elevated to a range between 2000C and 5000C, and holding the temperature of the steel section in that temperature range for a time range between two and thirty seconds, the temperature and time combination being selected within the said ranges to achieve a predetermined degree of strain ageing.
15 2. A method as claimed in claim 1 including the 15 steps of cooling the steel section after heating and strain ageing and then performing subsequent cold working oO S on the steel section.
3. A method as claimed in either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the temperature of the steel section is elevated to a range between 200 and 4500C over a time between two and thirty seconds and wherein the temperature of the steel section is then held at at least 4400C in a time range between one and fifteen seconds.
4. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding 25 claims wherein the temperature of the steel section is o S: elevated to a range between 350 and 4000C over a time "5 between two and ten seconds and wherein the temperature of the steel section is then held at between 440'C and 4600C in a time range between two and six seconds.
5. A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the step of cooling the steel section reduces the temperature of the section to below 900C before subsequent cold working.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 wherein the step of cooling the steel section reduces the temperature of the section to between 250C and 450C before subsequent cold ,x working.
b A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the steps of elevating the temperature and
Claims (3)
- 8. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the steel section has a steel composition containing between 0.01 and 0.25% carbon.
- 9. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the steel section has a steel composition containing between 0.001 and 0.006% nitrogen.
- 10. A method of increasing the yield strength of cold rolled steel sections as part of an in-line manufacturing process substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 9*9* :th Dated this 2 8 th day of April 1999 TUBEMAKERS OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED By Its Patent Attorneys: S"GRIFFITH HACK Fellows Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia I I III II ABSTRACT "METHOD OF INCREASING THE YIELD STRENGTH OF COLD FORMED STEEL SECTION" Yield strength of a cold rolled steel section is increased and controlled by performing a predetermined amount of strain by way of cold working in an in-line roll forming process followed by a controlled amount of strain ageing wherein the temperature of the steel section is elevated to a point below 500 0 C and held at an elevated temperature for a time up to 30 seconds. The heating typically takes place by induction heaters 16 and the time ageing may be provided in an in-line galvanising bath 17 before cooling the steel in a quench bath 18. 0. The effect is further enhanced by further cold working 15 and the consequent additional strain in forming rolls 19. For a given steel composition the degree of yield enhancement can be controlled by the temperature and time parameters and also by the degree of initial roll forming in shaping rolls So 20 Figure 1 0e e *ee o o
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU17399/99A AU708379B2 (en) | 1994-06-27 | 1999-02-18 | Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPM6483 | 1994-06-27 | ||
| AU27802/95A AU2780295A (en) | 1994-06-27 | 1995-06-27 | Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections |
| AU17399/99A AU708379B2 (en) | 1994-06-27 | 1999-02-18 | Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU27802/95A Division AU2780295A (en) | 1994-06-27 | 1995-06-27 | Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU1739999A AU1739999A (en) | 1999-04-29 |
| AU708379B2 true AU708379B2 (en) | 1999-08-05 |
Family
ID=3716119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU17399/99A Expired AU708379B2 (en) | 1994-06-27 | 1999-02-18 | Method of increasing the yield strength of cold formed steel sections |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU708379B2 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6067627A (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-04-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Preparation of steel plate for soft surface treatment excellent in fluting resistance by continuous annealing |
| JPH04236722A (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-08-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of soft surface-treated original plate by continuous annealing |
| JPH0643431A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-02-18 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Matrix driving method for plane type display device |
-
1999
- 1999-02-18 AU AU17399/99A patent/AU708379B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6067627A (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-04-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Preparation of steel plate for soft surface treatment excellent in fluting resistance by continuous annealing |
| JPH04236722A (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-08-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of soft surface-treated original plate by continuous annealing |
| JPH0643431A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-02-18 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Matrix driving method for plane type display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1739999A (en) | 1999-04-29 |
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