CN101938508A - Method and system for shortening time delay in peer-to-peer network streaming media live broadcast system - Google Patents
Method and system for shortening time delay in peer-to-peer network streaming media live broadcast system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for shortening time delay in a peer-to-peer network streaming media live broadcast system. The system is provided with a media source node and a cache routing server, wherein the media source node is used for the media resource management of the whole system; the cache routing server is used for media resource management, routing calculation and peer client end management in a local domain; the cache routing server is used for selecting a proper peer client end from other managed peer client ends and establishing streaming media data interaction with a request peer client end; when needed media streaming data does not exist in the peer client end managed by the cache routing server, the cache routing server is used for requesting needed streaming media data information from other cache routing servers and transmitting the needed streaming media data information to the request peer client end; and when the cache routing server is failed for obtaining the needed streaming media data from other cache routing servers, the cache routing server is used for obtaining the needed data from the media source node and transmitting the needed data to the request peer client end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the network flow-medium technical field, be meant a kind of peer-to-peer network (P2P, peer-to-peer) method and system that time-delay reduces in the flow medium live system especially.
Background technology
Along with Internet development, utilizing network to carry out streaming media playing becomes a focus.Streaming Media is meant that (Internet)/in-house network (Intranet) is gone up the multimedia of using the stream transmission technology in the Internet, and Streaming Media does not need to download whole file before broadcast, can watch while downloading.Its principle be to the multimedia file of user transmission according to broadcast time order be divided into different segments, successively these segments are issued the user then, play these segments continuously and just formed continuous sound and image.Traditional network flow-medium Play System is generally based on client/server (C/S) pattern.But because streaming media playing need consume a large amount of network bandwidths and server resource, therefore, this pattern has seriously limited the development of network flow-medium business.The network video stream that is 300kbps with an occupied bandwidth is an example, and when 1000 users watched simultaneously, the bandwidth that needs was 300Mbps.Such performance requirement is what not satisfy for most of servers.If support several ten thousand even the user of hundreds of thousands, it almost is impossible adopting this C/S model.Certainly, increasing number of servers and improving bandwidth is a settling mode, but this mode needs huge cost, so we need address this problem by new technological means.Internet protocol (IP) multicast is to solve a kind of technology that the network flow-medium multiplexing consumes massive band width.Utilize multicast, a piece of data can be sent to simultaneously one group of specific user, thereby avoided the transmission that repeats of data, can not cause the waste of the network bandwidth, be fit to very much the network flow-medium transmission.But the IP multicast also has the problem of self.Because Internet is a heterogeneous network, hardware platform varies, and interconnect equipment also there are differences in the support to multicast, and therefore, there is the difficulty of deployment in actual applications in the IP multicast.
Peer-to-peer network is emerging network technology recent years, and with respect to traditional C/S model, the characteristics of a highly significant of P2P pattern are exactly that node need not to rely on the centralized server resource, and each node can directly communicate.Each node has identical status, both can ask service, also can provide service, is playing the part of the dual role of server and client computer in the C/S model simultaneously, even can also have the function of router and high-speed cache.Under the P2P pattern, because each node all has the function of client-server, like this, each node is also sending data flow to other nodes in other node receiving data stream.Utilize this characteristics, the P2P network technology can use existing computational resource and the finite element network bandwidth realizes the large scale network live streaming media.
The problem that at first needs to solve in the P2P stream media system is to allow initiate node (peer) obtain program data from which or which node, and allows this peer node which node to provide data, services for.Also be the problem that the peer node topology is searched in essence.Most work is that the peer node organization is become multicast tree in existing research, and the nodes sharing on every multicast tree is from data that channel flowed out of source server, and each node only participates in a multicast tree.This data ways of distribution is closed the genus one-to-many pattern of fastening ISP and service consumer number.Because distribution exists and can not get such as the leaf node bandwidth resources that leaving of effective utilization, intermediate node or failure behaviour are big to the influence of child node, service quality (QoS) is difficult to problems such as guarantees based on the data of single multicast tree, therefore people have also proposed to distribute and based on the schemes such as data distribution of random topology based on the data of many multicast tree.In data distribution approach based on many multicast tree, data flow is divided into many strip streams at the source server end, every strip stream transmits with an independent multicast tree, and each peer node can join according to the bandwidth resources situation of oneself in single or many multicast tree.Though the multicast forest that many trees scheme proposes has solved a lot of problems of single tree-model to a certain extent,, it much is difficult to the problem that overcomes owing to still still having based on the basic multicast structure of tree topology.
Multicast tree is divided into the complexity that the multicast forest has increased the multicast structure greatly:
The degree of depth of tree is restive equally, and particularly after the degree of depth of tree reached certain level, the delay of different multicast tree may be unbalanced in the multicast forest, thereby it is satisfied to cause program quality to be difficult to;
When in the face of the frequent adding of a large amount of line nodes when withdrawing from multicast tree be difficult to balance, certain a multicast tree uneven even can cause the collapse of whole multicast forest in the multicast forest;
Key node accident in the multicast forest withdraws from or service ability can not satisfy the time, and the service quality of its whole descendant nodes is difficult to guarantee equally;
The adding escape mechanism of node is complicated more, and the joining day is longer;
The maintenance costs of multicast forest is too high, and expense increases progressively along with the number of multicast tree is exponential
Cool Streaming/DONET is the destructuring multicast structure of the employing of representative based on the Gossip agreement, is different from the tree model.Cool Streaming/DONET provides the destructuring multicast model of an approximate diagram shape, the flow direction of data is no longer single and more changeable in this model, need to introduce special deblocking and scheduling mechanism to adapt to this structure, it has following advantage:
Have better expandability on the structure, can support more user;
Can solve the service quality decline problem that heterogeneous nodes and asymmetric node bring preferably, suit more on Internet, to use;
Stability better, it is less that node improper withdrawed from whole multicast structure influence, even the online multicast structure of a large number of users also is easy to balance;
Postpone lessly relatively, after number of users reached certain level, for the tree shaped model of equal number of users, it is less that data arrive the jumping figure that fringe node passes by, and it is lower to postpone nature.
But Cool Streaming/DONET model self also has some shortcomings:
The degree of freedom on a node basis is too high, for the no controllability of operator;
Do not combine with the bottom physical topology;
DONet has obtained network efficiency in the reliability that has guaranteed system, but has sacrificed time-delay.Subject matter among the DONet is the startup time-delay of system and the adaptability of network isomery bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the objective of the invention is to propose the method and system that time-delay reduces in a kind of P2P flow medium live system, strengthen Overlay and bottom physical network matching properties that stream media system makes up, shorten the time-delay of playing, the buffer memory routing server reduces the startup time-delay that node is play for the peer client by pushing media resource significantly.
Based on the method that time-delay in above-mentioned purpose a kind of peer-to-peer network P2P flow medium live system provided by the invention reduces, in system, dispose medium source nodes, be used for the managing medium resource of whole system; And more than one buffer memory routing server, the managing medium resource, the route that are used in the local field are calculated and the peer client-side management; And comprise:
After the stream medium data of receiving the peer client received request, the buffer memory routing server was selected suitable peer client in other peer clients of being managed, and the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client is mutual;
When the media stream data of asking the peer client to need did not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, the buffer memory routing server by the required stream medium data information of server requests, was pushed to request peer client to other cache way;
When the buffer memory routing server when other buffer memory routing server obtains the failure of required stream medium data, the buffer memory routing server obtains desired data from medium source nodes, is pushed to request peer client.
Optionally, this method also comprises: medium source nodes send self-administered cache way by the multidate information of server list to each buffer memory routing server, timed sending inquires that the heartbeat message whether this buffer memory routing server survives gives the corresponding cache routing server;
Cache way is given medium source nodes by server response self heartbeat message, comprises bandwidth and the ability value coded message of self in heartbeat message;
The cache way that medium source nodes is safeguarded according to the information updating of responding is by server list.
Optionally, this method also comprises: the buffer memory routing server upgrades in local peer client side list for the adding of the peer client of being managed and the behavior of leaving;
The buffer memory routing server is handled the peer client side list of being managed and this buffer memory routing server according to the behavior of peer client result sends to medium source nodes.
Optionally, this method adds fashionable as new peer client, and this method further comprises: medium source nodes is assigned to corresponding buffer memory routing server according to the region principle of priority with new peer client;
New peer client is added by server requests to cache way, the buffer memory routing server is according to the channel of the single request of this new peer client, in local cache, adopt time coordinate to retrieve needed media resource, if there is current in progress media resource, the stream medium data fragment is pushed to new peer client;
If required media resource does not exist, then to medium source nodes request media resource, the buffer memory routing server obtains the stream medium data frag info from medium source nodes by the mode of drawing;
After the buffer memory routing server gets access to media resource, be pushed to the peer client of request, upgrade the media resource buffer memory of being safeguarded simultaneously.
Optionally, this method also comprises: between each buffer memory routing server the peer client side list of being managed is undertaken by heartbeat message alternately.
Optionally, the described buffer memory routing server of this method is selected suitable peer client in other peer clients of being managed, the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client also comprises alternately: the peer client is calculated the ability value of the current disposal ability that shows this peer client according to current bandwidth and CPU usage; The peer client is attached to own ability value and BM block message and sends to the buffer memory routing server in the heartbeat message;
When the stream medium data of receiving the peer client receives request, the buffer memory routing server is according to the described ability value and the BM block message that obtain, adopt the level matching algorithm to carry out route and calculate definite suitable peer client, and route result of calculation is sent to described request peer client.
Optionally, the described route computational process of this method comprises:
A. according to the order incremental of the client ip network segment of living in IP From index of definition,, successively set up index successively until top from minimum IP network section for the multilayer network segment to every section network of database;
B. the index IP that sets up with client ip and steps A compares coupling, judges near distance, according to the division of existing IP four hop count values, mates successively until low section from high section;
C. take turns match index according to network layer, from top successively deeply, until lowermost layer, the final selected zone of dividing, and this IP carried out in addition network area sign;
D. preferentially mate according to the area flag position;
E. with matching result ordering,, one by one the BM piece is compared, therefrom select to have the forward peer client of required BM piece and IP matching addresses as route results according to ranking results.
Optionally, when the data that the described cache way of this method is needed by the peer client of server admin do not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, further comprise to the process of other cache way by the server requests data:
If the cache way of requested date surpasses pre-set threshold by server load, then this requested buffer memory routing server is selected a peer client from the peer client of being managed, and returns to request peer client as route results.
Optionally, when described other buffer memory routing server of this method and the peer client of being managed thereof do not have desired data or do not provide data, services, the buffer memory router is also judged under the peer client: if the current media source node under load threshold, then provides data, services by medium source nodes; If the current media source node surpasses load threshold, then denial of service.
Optionally, the described buffer memory routing server of this method comprises from the situation that other buffer memory routing server obtains required stream medium data failure: other buffer memory routing server and the peer client of being managed thereof do not have desired data or data, services are not provided.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides the realization system that time-delay reduces in a kind of peer-to-peer network (P2P) flow medium live system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Medium source nodes is used for the managing medium resource of whole system;
More than one buffer memory routing server, the managing medium resource, the route that are used in the local field are calculated and node administration; Described buffer memory routing server is selected suitable peer client in other peer clients that it is managed, the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client is mutual; When the media stream data of asking the peer client to need did not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, the buffer memory routing server by the required stream medium data information of server requests, was pushed to request peer client to other cache way; When the buffer memory routing server when other buffer memory routing server obtains the failure of required stream medium data, the buffer memory routing server obtains desired data from medium source nodes, is pushed to request peer client.
Optionally, the described medium source nodes of this system further comprises:
The district management unit according to number of users and distribution region, is created and management domain, according to buffer memory routing server in selection of device resource characteristics and the specified domain, obtains the resource statistics information in each territory; Determine the merging and the division in territory according to the quantity of member in the territory;
The node administration unit, by with OSS user authentication module interface, peer ID, the paying information of authentication peer client are guaranteed its legitimacy; According to terminal characteristics such as address, content, specify it to add the domain of dependence; Server, the peer resource of management the whole network.
Route computing unit carries out Preliminary screening to the whole network resource data, regularly to cache way by the overseas routing iinformation of server push; According to buffer memory routing server route requests, inquire about the whole network resource statistics information of its storage, select to other cache way by the relevant routing iinformation of server requests;
The network management interface unit has the platform management module interface in OAMAgent Agent and the OSS, realizes management, maintenance software upgrading.
Optionally, this system cache routing server comprises:
The node resource administrative unit, the resource information of peer client, overseas resource information in storage and the management domain;
The node administration unit, withdraws from the adding of peer client in the management domain; By with the territory in the communication interface of peer client, regularly with the communication of peer client, monitor the peer client state.
Route computing unit with the medium source nodes communication, obtains up-to-date resource routing iinformation; According to the feature of peer client, to the primary Calculation of resource data, regularly to peer client push routing iinformation; To take into account territory internal burden equilibrium during calculating; The route requests of peer client in response and the Acknowledge, the overseas route of representing the peer client please look for novelty to medium source nodes;
The network management interface unit has the platform management module interface in webmaster Agent and the OSS, realizes management, maintenance, the software upgrading of buffer memory routing server.
From above as can be seen, the method and system that time-delay reduces in the P2P flow medium live system provided by the invention, by in system, disposing medium source nodes and buffer memory routing server, form three grades of P2P media network structures by peer client, buffer memory routing server, source of media.In network operation process, by source of media, the information interaction of buffer memory routing server and peer client, tissue forms network topology structure, makes up the Overlay network.The buffer memory routing server adds fashionable in new peer client, by the propelling movement mode, for the peer client provides the data slot of current broadcast, reduce the startup time-delay of peer client terminal playing.When the buffer memory routing server calculates route,, the exchange of data is remained between the node of bottom physical network coupling as far as possible, reduce the consumption and the load of node bottom-layer network bandwidth according to the layered matching process of IP address.By the information exchange between different buffer memory routing servers, when the peer client is obtained less than valid data, can cross over regional access to data in the one's respective area.Use the propelling movement of this method, reduce live startup time-delay by the buffer memory routing server.By strengthening the nerve of a covering and the physical network matching of P2P stream media system, improve media data and obtain efficient, reduce the live play time-delay.
Specifically comprise following beneficial effect:
1) powerful controllability, because buffer memory routing server and medium source nodes all are to dispose management by operator, the behavior of peer client by buffer memory routing server and medium source nodes control, therefore, can obtain the control to the P2P stream media network fully.
2) reduce to play the startup time-delay significantly, the buffer memory routing server initiatively is pushed to newly added node with the media data of current broadcast, new node can be play immediately, and node carries out the P2P network in playing process topology generates, and has reduced the startup time-delay of playing significantly.
3) reduce significantly to play time-delay, carry out unified routing management, reduced the blindness of partner's search by the buffer memory routing server.Make that by IP address hierarchical index contiguous node is intercoursed the video stream media data in the bottom physical network; Be maintained in the bottom physical network relevant informations such as host performance (only having considered processing speed and storage here), bandwidth availability ratio of contiguous ordinary node by the buffer memory routing server, and node managed according to these relevant informations.That has reduced medium source nodes and buffer memory routing server by this method is connected pressure and end-to-end data transfer delay, and the reduction of these two parameters can significantly reduce the time-delay in the playing process.
4) simple for structure, adopted the way of DoNet between node, node administration and streaming media data transmission have separately been carried out, come the distribution flow media data according to the flow direction that data transmit, dispose the buffer memory routing server again and come management node, do not needed to safeguard very complex data structures.
5) good extensibility, do not need to safeguard the lot of data structure, each ordinary node is only preserved the information of other nodes of its needs, and the buffer memory routing server only is in charge of and safeguard and its nodal information in a physical network, the increase that adds the video stream media network along with node, performance is better, and adaptability is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the invention system configuration and node reciprocal process schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention medium source nodes internal structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the invention buffer memory routing server internal structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The technical scheme of the method that time-delay reduces in the peer-to-peer network P2P flow medium live system of the present invention mainly comprises:
In system, dispose medium source nodes, be used for the managing medium resource of whole system; And the part of server in the system (more than) is deployed as the buffer memory routing server, the managing medium resource, the route that are used in the local field are calculated and the peer client-side management; Other ordinary nodes are as the peer client.
After the stream medium data of receiving the peer client received request, the buffer memory routing server was selected suitable peer client in other peer clients of being managed, and the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client is mutual;
When the media stream data of asking the peer client to need did not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, the buffer memory routing server by the required stream medium data information of server requests, was pushed to request peer client to other cache way;
When the buffer memory routing server when other buffer memory routing server obtains the failure of required stream medium data, the buffer memory routing server obtains desired data from medium source nodes, is pushed to request peer client.
At such scheme following explanation is arranged: it is mutual to carry out stream medium data between the peer client of cache way by server admin, this is the predominating path of video stream media exchanges data in the network, when calculating route, adopts the buffer memory routing server method with IP address layering and matching, the exchange of data is remained between the node of bottom physical network coupling as far as possible, reduce the consumption and the load of node bottom-layer network bandwidth.
When the data that needed by the peer client of server admin when cache way do not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, the buffer memory routing server just to other cache way by the server requests data message; When requested buffer memory routing server does not provide data, services, manage the peer client from this requested buffer memory routing server and to select, reply to request peer client, the peer client is set up data with it and is connected.
When not having peer client that the data that need and other territory do not have required data in the self-administered peer client of buffer memory routing server, the buffer memory routing server obtains the peer client that desired data directly sends to request from other buffer memory routing server.
When other buffer memory routing server and the peer client of being managed thereof did not have desired data or do not provide data, services, the buffer memory routing server obtained desired data from medium source nodes, was pushed to request peer client.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, medium source nodes and buffer memory routing server regularly carry out the two-way interactive of control information, mainly comprise: a) cache way is by the dynamic-change information of server admin peer client, and buffer memory routing server process information that the peer client is carried out.B) medium source nodes send self-administered cache way by the multidate information of server list to each buffer memory routing server, and timed sending inquires that the heartbeat message whether this buffer memory routing server survives gives the corresponding cache routing server; After the buffer memory routing server is received inquiry message, can respond self heartbeat message and give medium source nodes, in heartbeat message, comprise bandwidth and the ability value coded message of self; The cache way that medium source nodes is safeguarded according to the information updating of responding is by server list.
It is mutual also to carry out two-way control information between peer client and the buffer memory routing server: the buffer memory routing server sends to the routing iinformation that chooses the peer client of request route; Each peer client is own available bandwidth, and dynamic-change information such as disposal ability periodically send to the buffer memory routing server.
In addition, the buffer memory routing server upgrades in local peer client side list for the adding of the peer client of being managed and the behavior of leaving;
The buffer memory routing server is handled the peer client side list of being managed and this buffer memory routing server according to the behavior of peer client result sends to medium source nodes.
Between each buffer memory routing server the peer client ip tabulation of being managed is undertaken by heartbeat message alternately.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer memory routing server obtains the stream medium data frag info from medium source nodes by the mode of drawing, under the heavier situation of medium source nodes load, forbid that other nodes directly obtain data from medium source nodes, only allow the buffer memory routing server directly to obtain data from medium source nodes.Other nodes described here not only comprise the peer client, also comprise other buffer memory routing servers etc., that is to say that medium source nodes should have the linking number restriction, when linking number transfinites, refuses the connection of other any nodes.
The peer client exchange stream medium data information that buffer memory routing server and it are managed, when cache way was fewer by the peer number clients of server admin, it provided the part available bandwidth to other peer client service; And when the peer number clients was increased to a certain degree, then this buffer memory routing server only can provide route service and initial propelling data service, and data exchange service is not provided; The current plays clip of buffer memory routing server active push is given initiate peer client.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical solution of the present invention is elaborated.
Referring to system configuration shown in Figure 1, the realization system that time-delay reduces in the P2P flow medium live system that the present invention proposes comprises:
Wherein, medium source nodes 10 is centralized-control centers of resource, requires equipment can meet the requirement of telecom operation, has the carrier-class reliability and stability, is set up by operator.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, medium source nodes 10 mainly comprises:
Network management interface unit 204 has the platform management module interface in OAMAgent (Agent) and the OSS, realizes management, maintenance software upgrading.
Buffer memory routing server 20 is district management centers, is in charge of the regional interior nodes resource of (mainly comprising the peer client).
Referring to shown in Figure 3, mainly the comprising of buffer memory routing server 20:
Node resource administrative unit 301, the resource information (as user ID, contents fragment etc.) of peer client 30, overseas resource information (as user ID, contents fragment etc.) in storage and the management domain.
Network management interface unit 304 has the platform management module interface in webmaster Agent and the OSS, realizes management, maintenance, the software upgrading of buffer memory routing server.
In addition, in medium source nodes 10 and buffer memory routing server 20, all have network interface (Net Interface), be used for being connected with other nodes (comprising medium source nodes, buffer memory routing server, peer client etc.) of network.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, time-delay reduces an embodiment of method in the P2P flow medium live system of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) information exchange and the maintenance between medium source nodes and the buffer memory routing server.
Step 101, medium source nodes send self-administered cache way by the multidate information of server list to each buffer memory routing server, timed sending inquires that the heartbeat message whether this buffer memory routing server survives gives the corresponding cache routing server.Wherein, comprise at least in the routing server tabulation: cache way is by server address information, and the state information of these buffer memory routing server correspondences.
Step 103, the buffer memory routing server is handled the peer client side list of being managed and buffer memory routing server according to the behavior of peer client result sends to medium source nodes.For the adding of peer client with leave behavior buffer memory routing server and in the peer client side list of being managed, upgrade.Wherein, the peer client side list mainly comprises: information such as the numbering of peer client, IP address, state.
2) add fashionablely as new peer client, new generally speaking peer client adds and just means request media resource, execution in step 104-107.
Step 104, medium source nodes are assigned to corresponding buffer memory routing server according to the region principle of priority with new peer client.
Step 105, new peer client is added by server requests to cache way, the buffer memory routing server is according to the channel of its request, in buffer memory, adopt time coordinate to retrieve needed media resource, if there is current in progress media resource, 60 second flow media data fragments are pushed to new adding peer client.After this peer client is obtained data, can play immediately, shorten and start time-delay; Do not exist if be fit to media resource, to medium source nodes request media resource.
Step 106, the buffer memory routing server obtains the stream medium data frag info from medium source nodes by the mode of drawing.Can be too not congested for the load of controlling medium source nodes, can load threshold be set for medium source nodes, and only allow the buffer memory routing server directly to obtain data from medium source nodes.Wherein, described load threshold can be provided with flexibly, and for example: linking number that can the restricting media source node is 1000, perhaps limits cpu busy percentage to 80%, and perhaps limiting bandwidth utilance to 90% time, medium source nodes is not being accepted new connection request.
Step 107 after the buffer memory routing server gets access to media resource, is pushed to the peer client of request, upgrades the media resource buffer memory of being safeguarded simultaneously.
In addition, when cache way was fewer by the peer number clients of server admin, this buffer memory routing server was less relatively to the load management of control information, and then it can provide the part available bandwidth to other peers video stream media data, serves as the Peer client; And when the peer number clients is increased to a certain degree, this buffer memory routing server is relatively large to the load management of control information, then this buffer memory routing server only provides for other peers provide route and initial flow media data, and data exchanging function is not provided, guaranteed that the load of buffer memory routing server remains on to a certain degree.
3) in step 108-110, can also manage the information exchange of peer client side list between buffer memory routing server and other buffer memory routing servers.
Step 108 is undertaken the peer client side list of being managed by heartbeat message between each buffer memory routing server alternately.
Step 109, single Peer client can calculate an ability value according to current bandwidth and CPU usage, and this value shows the current disposal ability of this Peer client.Single peer client sends to the buffer memory routing server to own ability value and BM block message by being attached in the heartbeat message.
Step 110, when the stream medium data of receiving the peer client received request, the buffer memory routing server was according to the described ability value and the BM block message that obtain, and the buffer memory routing server adopts the level matching algorithm to carry out route and calculates.Carry out Optimum Matching according to the IP address, coupling is carried out according to following steps:
A. according to the order incremental of the client ip network segment of living in IP From index of definition to every section network of database.For the multilayer network segment, successively set up index IP successively until top from minimum IP network section.Wherein, buffer memory routing server inside can utilize described database storage these index IP and BM block message, to make things convenient for fast reading and writing information.
B. the index IP that sets up with client ip and steps A compares coupling, judges near distance.According to the division of existing IP four hop count values, mate successively until low section from high section.
C. take turns match index according to network layer, from top successively deeply, until lowermost layer, the final selected zone of dividing, and this IP carried out in addition network area sign.
D. preferentially mate according to the area flag position.
E. with matching result ordering,, one by one the BM piece is compared, therefrom select to have the forward peer client of required BM piece and IP matching addresses as route results according to ranking results.
When 4) data that needed by the peer client of server admin of cache way do not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, can also in other buffer memory routing servers and its peer client of managing even medium source nodes, seek by following steps 111-114.
Step 112, the buffer memory routing server responds the route of calculating to the peer client of asking route.
Step 113 after the peer client is received route results, is set up data according to route results with peer client or buffer memory routing server and is connected, the exchange current media data, and this is the predominating path of video stream media exchanges data in the network.
Need to prove above step 1)-4) and represent execution sequence, can directly enter corresponding step according to different situations in the practical application.
Above-described specific embodiment is specific embodiments of the invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and is within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. the method that time-delay reduces in the peer-to-peer network P2P flow medium live system is characterized in that, disposes medium source nodes in system, is used for the managing medium resource of whole system; And more than one buffer memory routing server, the managing medium resource, the route that are used in the local field are calculated and the peer client-side management; And comprise:
After the stream medium data of receiving the peer client received request, the buffer memory routing server was selected suitable peer client in other peer clients of being managed, and the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client is mutual;
When the media stream data of asking the peer client to need did not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, the buffer memory routing server by the required stream medium data information of server requests, was pushed to request peer client to other cache way;
When the buffer memory routing server when other buffer memory routing server obtains the failure of required stream medium data, the buffer memory routing server obtains desired data from medium source nodes, is pushed to request peer client.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this method also comprises: medium source nodes send self-administered cache way by the multidate information of server list to each buffer memory routing server, timed sending inquires that the heartbeat message whether this buffer memory routing server survives gives the corresponding cache routing server;
Cache way is given medium source nodes by server response self heartbeat message, comprises bandwidth and the ability value coded message of self in heartbeat message;
The cache way that medium source nodes is safeguarded according to the information updating of responding is by server list.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, this method also comprises: the buffer memory routing server upgrades in local peer client side list for the adding of the peer client of being managed and the behavior of leaving;
The buffer memory routing server is handled the peer client side list of being managed and this buffer memory routing server according to the behavior of peer client result sends to medium source nodes.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adds fashionablely as new peer client, and this method further comprises: medium source nodes is assigned to corresponding buffer memory routing server according to the region principle of priority with new peer client;
New peer client is added by server requests to cache way, the buffer memory routing server is according to the channel of the single request of this new peer client, in local cache, adopt time coordinate to retrieve needed media resource, if there is current in progress media resource, the stream medium data fragment is pushed to new peer client;
If required media resource does not exist, then to medium source nodes request media resource, the buffer memory routing server obtains the stream medium data frag info from medium source nodes by the mode of drawing;
After the buffer memory routing server gets access to media resource, be pushed to the peer client of request, upgrade the media resource buffer memory of being safeguarded simultaneously.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method also comprises: between each buffer memory routing server the peer client side list of being managed is undertaken by heartbeat message alternately.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described buffer memory routing server is selected suitable peer client in other peer clients of being managed, the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client also comprises alternately: the peer client is calculated the ability value of the current disposal ability that shows this peer client according to current bandwidth and CPU usage; The peer client is attached to own ability value and BM block message and sends to the buffer memory routing server in the heartbeat message;
When the stream medium data of receiving the peer client receives request, the buffer memory routing server is according to the described ability value and the BM block message that obtain, adopt the level matching algorithm to carry out route and calculate definite suitable peer client, and route result of calculation is sent to described request peer client.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described route computational process comprises:
A. according to the order incremental of the client ip network segment of living in IP From index of definition,, successively set up index successively until top from minimum IP network section for the multilayer network segment to every section network of database;
B. the index IP that sets up with client ip and steps A compares coupling, judges near distance, according to the division of existing IP four hop count values, mates successively until low section from high section;
C. take turns match index according to network layer, from top successively deeply, until lowermost layer, the final selected zone of dividing, and this IP carried out in addition network area sign;
D. preferentially mate according to the area flag position;
E. with matching result ordering,, one by one the BM piece is compared, therefrom select to have the forward peer client of required BM piece and IP matching addresses as route results according to ranking results.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the data that described cache way is needed by the peer client of server admin do not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, further comprise to the process of other cache way by the server requests data:
If the cache way of requested date surpasses pre-set threshold by server load, then this requested buffer memory routing server is selected a peer client from the peer client of being managed, and returns to request peer client as route results.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, when described other buffer memory routing server and the peer client of being managed thereof do not have desired data or do not provide data, services, the buffer memory router is also judged under the peer client: if the current media source node under load threshold, then provides data, services by medium source nodes; If the current media source node surpasses load threshold, then denial of service.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described buffer memory routing server comprises from the situation that other buffer memory routing server obtains required stream medium data failure: other buffer memory routing server and the peer client of being managed thereof do not have desired data or data, services is not provided.
11. a realization system that reduces based on time-delay in the peer-to-peer network P2P flow medium live system of the described method of claim 1-10 is characterized in that, comprising:
Medium source nodes is used for the managing medium resource of whole system;
More than one buffer memory routing server, the managing medium resource, the route that are used in the local field are calculated and node administration; Described buffer memory routing server is selected suitable peer client in other peer clients that it is managed, the stream medium data between foundation and the request peer client is mutual; When the media stream data of asking the peer client to need did not exist in the peer client of this cache way by server admin, the buffer memory routing server by the required stream medium data information of server requests, was pushed to request peer client to other cache way; When the buffer memory routing server when other buffer memory routing server obtains the failure of required stream medium data, the buffer memory routing server obtains desired data from medium source nodes, is pushed to request peer client.
12. system according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described medium source nodes further comprises:
The district management unit according to number of users and distribution region, is created and management domain, according to buffer memory routing server in selection of device resource characteristics and the specified domain, obtains the resource statistics information in each territory; Determine the merging and the division in territory according to the quantity of member in the territory;
The node administration unit, by with OSS user authentication module interface, peer ID, the paying information of authentication peer client are guaranteed its legitimacy; According to terminal characteristics such as address, content, specify it to add the domain of dependence; Server, the peer resource of management the whole network.
Route computing unit carries out Preliminary screening to the whole network resource data, regularly to cache way by the overseas routing iinformation of server push; According to buffer memory routing server route requests, inquire about the whole network resource statistics information of its storage, select to other cache way by the relevant routing iinformation of server requests;
The network management interface unit has the platform management module interface in OAMAgent Agent and the OSS, realizes management, maintenance software upgrading.
13. system according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the buffer memory routing server comprises:
The node resource administrative unit, the resource information of peer client, overseas resource information in storage and the management domain;
The node administration unit, the management city in the peer client adding, withdraw from; By with the territory in the communication interface of peer client, regularly with the communication of peer client, monitor the peer client state.
Route computing unit with the medium source nodes communication, obtains up-to-date resource routing iinformation; According to the feature of peer client, to the primary Calculation of resource data, regularly to peer client push routing iinformation; To take into account territory internal burden equilibrium during calculating; The route requests of peer client in response and the Acknowledge, the overseas route of representing the peer client please look for novelty to medium source nodes;
The network management interface unit has the platform management module interface in webmaster Agent and the OSS, realizes management, maintenance, the software upgrading of buffer memory routing server.
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