CN102589935A - Atmosphere dust-fall observation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for observing atmospheric dust. The method involves an observation device consisting of a support rod, a support cross arm, a fixed basket of a dust collection cylinder, a dust collection cylinder, an upper pulley, a lower pulley, a steel wire rope, a tripod, a prefabricated base, a pull wire, Ground Anchors, Sliding Collars, Stops, Support Crossbars, Bite Gap, Reinforcement Blocks, Wire Rope Retaining Rings, Retaining Rings, Pulley Support Cross Arms, Retaining Collars, Wire Rope Retaining Rings, Pulley Retaining Ropes, Pulley Rotation Handles and Bolts Composition, the use of this method for atmospheric dustfall observation realizes the replacement of the dust collection cylinder without climbing, and the simultaneous observation of multiple dust collection cylinders, making the dustfall observation more scientific, safe and easy to operate. The method of the invention has wide adaptability, can be used in both humid and arid regions, and can be widely used in the research of environment, ecology, sandstorm and sand control engineering and the like.

Description

A Method of Atmospheric Dustfall Observation

technical field

The invention relates to an observation method for atmospheric dust fall in the monitoring of atmospheric environment quality.

Background technique

Dustfall refers to atmospheric solid particles with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter greater than 10 microns that can be naturally settled, and it is one of the main indicators for atmospheric environment monitoring. At present, the general method of collecting dust is the natural collection method of the container, and the dust collection cylinder is a general instrument for dust collection. However, there is no scientific and unified standard on how to set up the dust collection cylinder. Since the concentration of dust near the surface decreases with the increase of height, the dust collection capacity of the dust collection cylinders erected at different heights is also different. According to the national dust observation standard (GB/T 15265-94), the installation height of the dust collection cylinder should be 5-12m above the ground. Regular replacement of the dust collecting cylinder requires people to climb high, which is prone to danger. In order to avoid the danger of climbing when changing the dust collection cylinder, Zhang Yuejin designed a fixed rod-moving rod combined atmospheric dust sampling rack (patent number 89218095.1), which can facilitate the replacement of the dust collection cylinder, but the fixed pull wire cannot be installed on the moving rod, making sampling The stand is unstable.

Atmospheric dustfall dry method and wet method have different collection volumes, and generally require comparative observations over the same period; as scientific observations, it is generally necessary to repeat, but in the current dustfall collection method, only one dust collection cylinder can be installed on the bracket.

Aiming at the problems existing in the existing atmospheric dust collection method, the invention provides a novel atmospheric dust observation method.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for observing atmospheric dust. The method relates to an observation device that is composed of a support rod, a support cross arm, a dust collection cylinder fixed basket, a dust collection cylinder, an upper pulley, a lower pulley, a steel wire rope, and a triangle. Frame, prefabricated base, guy wire, ground anchor, sliding collar, stop piece, supporting bar, occlusal gap, reinforcing block, wire rope fixing ring, fixing ring, pulley supporting cross arm, fixing collar, wire rope fixing ring, pulley fixing Composed of ropes, pulleys, handles and bolts, this method can be used to observe dust collection cylinders without climbing, and multiple dust collection cylinders can be observed simultaneously, making dust collection observations more scientific, safe, and easy to operate. The method of the invention has wide adaptability and can be used in both humid and arid regions. It can be widely used in the research of environment, ecology, wind and sand and sand control engineering, etc.

The present invention relates to a method for observing atmospheric dust, which involves an observation device consisting of a support rod, a support cross arm, a fixed basket of a dust collection cylinder, a dust collection cylinder, an upper pulley, a lower pulley, a steel wire rope, a tripod, a prefabricated base, Guy wires, ground anchors, sliding collars, stoppers, support crossbars, occlusal gaps, reinforcement blocks, wire rope fixing rings, fixing rings, pulley support cross arms, fixing collars, wire rope fixing rings, pulley fixing ropes, pulley turning handles and bolts, the specific operation is carried out in the following steps:

a. Select the dustfall observation point, fix the tripod (8), dig a hole under the foot of the tripod (8), bury the prefabricated base (9), and connect the tripod foot and the base (9) with bolts. The support rod (1) is erected, inserted into the upper and lower fixing rings in the middle of the fixed tripod (8), and the insertion length is adjusted so that the mouth of the dust collection cylinder (4) reaches the predetermined observation height, and fixed with bolts;

b. Fix one end of the three stay wires (10) to the three fixing rings (18) on the top of the support rod (1), and fix the other end to the buried ground anchor (11); from the lower end of the support rod (1), put Put the sliding collar (12) on the support rod (1), put the dust collection cylinder (4) into the dust collection cylinder fixed basket (3), with the stop piece (13) facing the top of the support rod (1), by sliding The collar (12) slides upward along the support rod (1) and the occlusal gap (15) on the stop piece (13) is tightly engaged with the reinforcement block (16) fixed on the support rod (1) to prevent it from rotating with the wind;

c. From the lower end of the support rod (1), insert the lower pulley fixing collar (20) into the support rod (1), and slide upward until the hole on the fixing collar (20) coincides with the hole on the support rod (1) , insert the fixing bolt (24) and tighten it. One end of the wire rope (6) is fixed on the wire rope fixing ring (17), and the other end is wound on the upper pulley (5) and fixed on the lower pulley (7). Turn the lower pulley ( 7) on the handle (23), wind the wire rope (6) on the lower pulley (7), make the sliding collar (12) drive the dust collection cylinder (4) to rise, and connect one end of the pulley fixing rope (22) to the lower pulley Turn the handle (23) to connect, and the other end is tightly connected to the wire rope fixing ring (21), and then it can be observed.

d. When the dust collection cylinder (4) needs to be replaced, loosen the pulley fixing rope (22) and the wire rope fixing ring (21), and turn the lower pulley handle (23) to lower the dust collection cylinder fixing device to the lower pulley ( 7), remove the dust collection cylinder (4), replace it with a new dust collection cylinder (4), then raise the dust collection cylinder (4), lock the lower pulley (7), and restart the observation.

Step b Weld reinforcement blocks (16) on both sides of the upper end of the support bar (1), weld one end of the support bar (14) to the reinforcement block (16), weld the pulley (5) to the other end, slide the collar ( 12) Engage with the stop piece (13) as a whole through the groove, and there is a occlusal gap (15) symmetrically on the wall of the stop piece (13), and a hole is opened at the lower end of the support rod (1), through which the bolt (24 ) is fixed with a fixed collar (20), one end of the pulley support cross arm (19) is fixed on the fixed collar (20), and the other end fixes the lower pulley (7).

Step b: The fixed basket (3) of the dust collection cylinder is welded to both ends of the support cross arm (2), the support cross arm (2) is welded to the outer wall of the sliding collar (12), and the inner side of the support cross arm (2) is welded Wire rope fixing ring (17).

In step b, three fixing rings (18) are evenly arranged and welded on the top of the support rod (1), and the horizontal angle between the fixing rings (18) is 120°.

Aiming at the problems existing in the existing dust observation method, the technical solution of the present invention is: the fixing device of the dust collection cylinder is independent of the support rod, and uses ropes and pulleys to make it move up and down on the support rod, so that the replacement of the dust collection cylinder does not require manual climbing. Climbing is safer and more convenient, and it is also easy to standardize the height of dust collection observation; two dust collection cylinders can generally be installed on the dust collection cylinder fixing device for dry and wet dust collection respectively. According to needs, multiple dust collection cylinders can be installed on the fixing device Synchronous observation of the dust collection cylinder makes the observation data more scientific; the three pull wires are fixed on the top of the support rod, which does not affect the up and down movement of the dust collection cylinder fixture; the fixed pull wire and the triangular bracket make the observation bracket more stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the dust collecting cylinder and the upper pulley of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding collar of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower pulley device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing collar of the lower pulley of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example

The present invention relates to a method for observing atmospheric dust, which involves an observation device consisting of a support rod, a support cross arm, a fixed basket of a dust collection cylinder, a dust collection cylinder, an upper pulley, a lower pulley, a steel wire rope, a tripod, a prefabricated base, Guy wires, ground anchors, sliding collars, stoppers, support crossbars, occlusal gaps, reinforcement blocks, wire rope fixing rings, fixing rings, pulley support cross arms, fixing collars, wire rope fixing rings, pulley fixing ropes, pulley turning handles and bolts, the specific operation is carried out in the following steps:

Reinforcement blocks 16 are respectively welded on both sides of the upper end of the support rod 1, one end of the support cross bar 14 is welded on the reinforcement block 16, and the other end is welded on the pulley 5, the sliding collar 12 and the stop piece 13 are engaged as a whole through the groove, On the wall of the stop piece 13, there are occlusal gaps 15 symmetrically, and the lower end of the support rod 1 has a hole, and the fixed collar 20 is fixed by the bolt 24. One end of the pulley support cross arm 19 is fixed on the fixed collar 20, and the other end Fix lower pulley 7.

The support cross arm 2 is welded on the outer wall of the sliding collar 12, and the dust collection cylinder fixed basket 3 is welded at both ends of the support cross arm 2, and the dust collection cylinder 4 is placed in the dust collection cylinder fixed basket 3, and the inside of the support cross arm 2 Welding wire rope fixing ring 17.

The top of the support rod 1 is evenly arranged and welded with three fixing rings 18, the horizontal angle between the fixing rings 18 is 120°, one end of the backguy 10 is fixed on the fixing ring 18, and the other end of the backguy 10 is fixed on the ground anchor 11, supporting The bottom of the rod 1 is fixed with a tripod 8, and the feet of the tripod 8 are connected with the embedded prefabricated base 9 by bolts.

Wire rope 6 one ends are fixed on the wire rope fixed ring 17, and the other end walks around upper pulley 5 and is fixed on the lower pulley 7.

Fixed pulley rotating handle 23 on the lower pulley 7, is fixed with steel wire rope fixed ring 21 on fixed collar 20, and pulley fixed rope 22 one ends are fixed on the steel wire rope fixed ring 21, and the other end is fixed on the pulley rotating handle 23.

During use, select the observation point for dust fall, fix the tripod 8, connect and fix the feet of the tripod 8 with the prefabricated base 9 embedded in the ground with bolts, and insert the support rod 1 into the upper and lower fixing rings in the middle of the fixed tripod 8 , adjust the insertion length so that the dust collection cylinder mouth reaches a predetermined observation height, and fix it with bolts; fix one end of the three stay wires 10 respectively in the three fixing rings 18 at the top of the support rod 1, and fix the other end on the buried ground anchor 11; From the lower end of the support rod 1, put the sliding collar 12 on the support rod 1, put the dust collection cylinder 4 into the fixed basket 3 of the dust collection cylinder, with the stop piece 13 facing the top of the support rod 1, and slide the collar 12 along the support The rod 1 slides upwards, and the occlusal gap 15 on the stop piece 13 is closely engaged with the reinforcing block 16 fixed on the support rod 1 to prevent rotation with the wind; from the lower end of the support rod 1, the lower pulley fixing collar 20 is inserted into the support Rod 1, slide upwards until the hole on the fixing collar 20 coincides with the hole on the support rod 1, insert the fixing bolt 24 and tighten it, one end of the wire rope 6 is fixed on the wire rope fixing ring 17, and the other end is wound around the upper pulley 5 Finally be fixed on the lower pulley 7, turn the handle 23 on the lower pulley 7, wire rope 6 is wound on the lower pulley 7, make the sliding collar 12 drive the dust collection cylinder 4 to rise, pulley fixed rope 22 one end and the lower pulley rotating handle 23 Connect, and the other end is connected tightly with steel wire rope fixed ring 21, can begin to observe subsequently.

When the dust collection cylinder 4 needs to be replaced, first loosen the pulley fixed rope 22 and the steel wire rope fixed ring 21, turn the lower pulley handle 23, and lower the dust collection cylinder fixing device to the lower pulley 7, take off the dust collection cylinder, and replace it with a new one. For a new dust collection cylinder, raise the dust collection cylinder again, lock the lower pulley 7, and restart the observation.

Generally, two dust collection cylinders 4 can be installed on the support cross arm 2 to carry out dry dust collection and wet dust collection respectively, but according to needs, multiple pairs of support cross arms 2 can also be welded on the sliding collar 12. 2 is welded with a plurality of dust collection cylinder fixed baskets 3, and multiple dust collection cylinders 4 can be installed for simultaneous observation.

The method of the invention realizes climbing-free replacement of dust collection cylinders and synchronous observation of multiple dust collection cylinders, making dust observation more scientific, safe and convenient to operate. It has a wide range of adaptation and can be used in both wet and dry areas.

Claims (4)

1. atmospheric falling dust observation procedure; It is characterized in that this method relate to observation device by support bar, support transverse arm, control of dust cylinder fixedly basket, control of dust cylinder, top sheave, lower sheave, wire rope, tripod, precast base, backguy, earth anchor, slip collar, locking plate, support rail, interlock slit, boss, wire rope set collar, set collar, pulley support transverse arm, retaining collar, wire rope set collar, pulley static line, pulley rotating handle and bolt form, concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:

A, selected depositing dust observation station, fixed tripod (8) is digged pit in the lower margin below of tripod (8); Imbed prefabricated base (9), the tripod lower margin is connected with bolt with base (9) to be fixed, and support bar (1) is holded up; Insert middle two set collars up and down of fixed triangle frame (8); Length is inserted in adjustment, makes control of dust cylinder (4) mouth reach predetermined observed altitude, and uses bolt;

B, an end of three backguys (10) is separately fixed in three set collars (18) on support bar (1) top, the other end is fixed on to be buried underground on the earth anchor (11); From support bar (1) lower end; Slip collar (12) is enclosed within on the support bar (1); Control of dust cylinder (4) pack into the control of dust cylinder fixedly in the basket (3); Locking plate (13) is towards support bar (1) top,, rotates with the wind preventing along support bar (1) upwards slide interlock slit (15) and the closely interlock of boss (16) that is fixed on the support bar (1) on the locking plate (13) through slip collar (12);

C, from support bar (1) lower end, lower sheave retaining collar (20) is inserted in support bar (1), upwards slide; Hole to retaining collar (20) is when hole on the support bar (1) overlaps; Insertion set bolt (24) is also tightened, and wire rope (6) one ends are fixed on the wire rope set collar (17), and the other end is fixed on the lower sheave (7) after top sheave (5) twines a circle; Rotate the handle (23) on the lower sheave (7); Wire rope (6) is wrapped on the lower sheave (7), makes slip collar (12) drive control of dust cylinder (4) and rise, pulley static line (22) one ends are connected with lower sheave turning handle (23); The other end is connected tightly with wire rope set collar (21), can begin observation subsequently;

D, when need are changed control of dust cylinders (4), earlier pulley static line (22) and wire rope set collar (21) are unclamped, rotate lower sheave handle (23); Making control of dust cylinder stationary installation drop to lower sheave (7) locates; Take off control of dust cylinder (4), change new control of dust cylinder (4), again control of dust cylinder (4) is risen; Locking lower sheave (7) restarts observation.

2. method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that step b welds boss (16) respectively in the both sides, upper end of support bar (1), an end of support rail (14) is welded on the boss (16), other end welding top sheave (5); Slip collar (12) is an integral body with locking plate (13) through the groove interlock; Symmetry has interlock slit (15) on the wall of locking plate (13), and the lower end of support bar (1) has the hole, is fixed with retaining collar (20) through bolt (24); Pulley support transverse arm (19) one ends are fixed on the retaining collar (20), and the other end is lower sheave (7) fixedly.

3. method according to claim 2; It is characterized in that step b control of dust cylinder fixedly basket (3) be welded on the two ends of supporting transverse arm (2) respectively; Support transverse arm (2) and be welded on the outer wall of slip collar (12), supporting the inboard welding wire rope of transverse arm (2) set collar (17).

4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that impartial arrangement the in top of step b support bar (1) welded three set collars (18), and the level angle between the set collar (18) is 120 °.

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