CN107942206A - A kind of GIS partial discharge on-Line Monitor Device and localization method - Google Patents
A kind of GIS partial discharge on-Line Monitor Device and localization method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于高压电器绝缘缺陷检测领域，涉及一种GIS局部放电在线监测装置及定位方法。The invention belongs to the field of insulation defect detection of high-voltage electrical appliances, and relates to a GIS partial discharge online monitoring device and a positioning method.
背景技术Background technique
气体绝缘组合电器(Gas Insulated Switchgear，GIS)等高压开关设备具有运行稳定、占地面积小、免维护等特点，适于在城市中心或者边缘地区的高压变电站使用。然而，在设备的制造和装配过程中，往往由于工艺等问题会使设备内部留下一些小的缺陷，如金属微粒、绝缘气隙等，这些微小的缺陷在设备运行过程中可能会发展成危险的放电通道，并最终引起设备绝缘事故。局部放电是发生绝缘故障的重要征兆和表现形式。监测设备内部存在的局部放电情况，就能确保有足够的反应时间，对电力设备做有效的预测和维护。High-voltage switchgear such as Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) has the characteristics of stable operation, small footprint, and maintenance-free, and is suitable for use in high-voltage substations in urban centers or peripheral areas. However, in the process of equipment manufacturing and assembly, some small defects are often left inside the equipment due to process and other problems, such as metal particles, insulating air gaps, etc. These tiny defects may develop into dangerous during the operation of the equipment. discharge channel, and eventually cause equipment insulation accidents. Partial discharge is an important symptom and manifestation of insulation faults. Monitoring the partial discharge inside the equipment can ensure sufficient response time and make effective prediction and maintenance of power equipment.
目前，超声波法和特高频法是对运行中开关设备进行的局部放电检测的两种比较有效的检测方法，他们抗干扰能力强，灵敏度高。相比之下，特高频法适合对设备进行长期连续的监测，需要厂家在设备制造时内置传感耦合器以保证测量精度；如果在GIS外部进行现场检测，传感器只能安装于GIS设备的绝缘连接处，如果信号源距离较远，信号强度低，就极易受到外界的各种电磁信号的干扰。超声波法设备使用简便，可以用传感器对GIS设备的逐点测量进行缺陷定位，适合在现场进行带电检测。因为传感器可以安装于开关设备金属外壳的任意部位，可以在基本检测的基础上，对可能存在的局部放电部位进行长期在线监测。At present, the ultrasonic method and the ultra-high frequency method are two relatively effective detection methods for partial discharge detection of switching equipment in operation. They have strong anti-interference ability and high sensitivity. In contrast, the UHF method is suitable for long-term continuous monitoring of equipment, and requires manufacturers to build sensor couplers in equipment manufacturing to ensure measurement accuracy; if on-site testing is performed outside the GIS, the sensor can only be installed on the GIS equipment. Insulated connections, if the signal source is far away and the signal strength is low, it is extremely susceptible to interference from various external electromagnetic signals. Ultrasonic method equipment is easy to use, and sensors can be used to locate defects by point-by-point measurement of GIS equipment, which is suitable for live detection on site. Because the sensor can be installed on any part of the metal casing of the switchgear, it can conduct long-term on-line monitoring of possible partial discharge parts on the basis of basic detection.
现有的局部放电在线监测检测仪如中国专利公告号100363748的“气体绝缘组合电器局部放电在线检测定位装置及定位方法”都是基于特高频的原理来实现的，也有的“变压器局部放电定位系统及其定位方法”(专利201210193893.7) 采用特高频和超声波两种方式进行监测的。现有的GIS局部放电在线检测系统要求在整个电力系统内所有GIS设备上固定安装传感器，并需要铺设大量电缆将这些传感器获得的信号传输到每个高压变电站的监控中心，在监控中心进行数据的处理，这必然为每个高压变电站带来运行成本的增加。然而，这些监测系统只能执行在线监测的功能，而对变电站还需要单独购置局放检测设备来进行开关设备的常规巡检，这将提高变电站的运行成本。Existing partial discharge on-line monitoring and detectors such as the "on-line detection and positioning device and positioning method for partial discharge of gas-insulated combined electrical appliances" in Chinese patent announcement number 100363748 are all realized based on the principle of UHF, and some "transformer partial discharge positioning System and its positioning method” (patent 201210193893.7) It uses UHF and ultrasonic for monitoring. The existing GIS partial discharge on-line detection system requires fixed installation of sensors on all GIS equipment in the entire power system, and a large number of cables need to be laid to transmit the signals obtained by these sensors to the monitoring center of each high-voltage substation, and the data is collected in the monitoring center. Processing, which will inevitably bring about an increase in operating costs for each high-voltage substation. However, these monitoring systems can only perform on-line monitoring functions, and substations also need to purchase partial discharge detection equipment for routine inspections of switchgear, which will increase the operating costs of substations.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种定位速度快、定位精度准的GIS 局部放电在线监测装置及定位方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a GIS partial discharge on-line monitoring device and positioning method with fast positioning speed and accurate positioning accuracy.
为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种GIS局部放电在线监测装置及定位方法；其中在线监测装置包括多于1个的超声波数据采集单元、多于1 个的特高频数据采集单元、数据处理器和主机；所述超声波数据采集单元经数据处理器接主机；所述特高频数据采集单元经数据处理器接主机。The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is a GIS partial discharge online monitoring device and positioning method; wherein the online monitoring device includes more than one ultrasonic data acquisition unit, more than one UHF data acquisition unit, A data processor and a host; the ultrasonic data acquisition unit is connected to the host through the data processor; the UHF data acquisition unit is connected to the host through the data processor.
所述超声波数据采集单元包括压电传感器、运算放大器、超声波AD转换模块、超声波CPLD模块和超声波数据传输总线；所述压电传感器设置在GIS 外壳外表面；所述压电传感器的输出端依次经运算放大器、超声波AD转换模块、超声波CPLD模块和超声波数据传输总线接数据处理器的相应输入端。The ultrasonic data acquisition unit includes a piezoelectric sensor, an operational amplifier, an ultrasonic AD conversion module, an ultrasonic CPLD module, and an ultrasonic data transmission bus; the piezoelectric sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the GIS shell; the output of the piezoelectric sensor is sequentially passed through The operational amplifier, the ultrasonic AD conversion module, the ultrasonic CPLD module and the ultrasonic data transmission bus are connected to corresponding input ends of the data processor.
所述特高频数据采集单元包括电磁波传感器、高通滤波器、特高频AD 转换模块、特高频CPLD模块和特高频数据传输总线；所述电磁波传感器设置在 GIS盆式绝缘子法兰外表面；所述电磁波传感器的输出端依次经高通滤波器、特高频AD转换模块、特高频CPLD模块和特高频数据传输总线接数据处理器的相应输入端。The UHF data acquisition unit includes an electromagnetic wave sensor, a high-pass filter, an UHF AD conversion module, an UHF CPLD module and an UHF data transmission bus; the electromagnetic wave sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the flange of the GIS pot insulator ; The output end of the electromagnetic wave sensor is connected to the corresponding input end of the data processor through the high-pass filter, the UHF AD conversion module, the UHF CPLD module and the UHF data transmission bus in sequence.
所述超声波数据采集单元的数量为7个；所述特高频数据采集单元的数量为4个。The number of the ultrasonic data acquisition units is 7; the number of the UHF data acquisition units is 4.
所述数据处理器的型号为TMS320F2812；所述主机的型号为IPC-620H；所述压电传感器的型号为R3I；所述运算放大器的型号为AD8610；所述超声波 AD转换模块的型号为TLV5580；所述超声波CPLD模块的型号为FLEX10KA；所述超声波数据传输总线的型号为I2C；所述电磁波传感器的型号为型号为 PDS-620W；所述高通滤波器的型号为HHP0300S；所述特高频AD转换模块的型号为TLV5580；所述特高频CPLD模块的型号为FLEX10KA；所述特高频数据传输总线的型号为I2C。The model of the data processor is TMS320F2812; the model of the host is IPC-620H; the model of the piezoelectric sensor is R3I; the model of the operational amplifier is AD8610; the model of the ultrasonic AD conversion module is TLV5580; The model of the ultrasonic CPLD module is FLEX10KA; the model of the ultrasonic data transmission bus is I2C; the model of the electromagnetic wave sensor is PDS-620W; the model of the high-pass filter is HHP0300S; The model of the conversion module is TLV5580; the model of the UHF CPLD module is FLEX10KA; the model of the UHF data transmission bus is I2C.
其中定位方法包括如下步骤：The positioning method includes the following steps:
(1)在GIS发生局部放电前，利用超声波数据采集单元和特高频数据采集单元分别获取背景噪声信号，并分别将背景噪声信号发送至数据处理器；数据处理器将背景噪声信号进行保存；(1) Before partial discharge occurs in the GIS, use the ultrasonic data acquisition unit and the UHF data acquisition unit to obtain the background noise signals respectively, and send the background noise signals to the data processor respectively; the data processor saves the background noise signals;
(2)在GIS发生局部放电时，特高频数据采集单元检测GIS产生的特高频电磁信号并发送至数据处理器；同时，超声波数据采集单元检测GIS产生的超声波信号并发送至数据处理器；(2) When partial discharge occurs in GIS, the UHF data acquisition unit detects the UHF electromagnetic signal generated by GIS and sends it to the data processor; at the same time, the ultrasonic data acquisition unit detects the ultrasonic signal generated by GIS and sends it to the data processor ;
(3)数据处理器接收特高频电磁信号和超声波信号，并将特高频电磁信号和超声波信号中与先期存储的背景噪声信号相同的部分去除，即将特高频电磁信号和超声波信号去噪；数据处理器将去噪后的特高频电磁信号和去噪后的超声波信号分别发送至主机；所述去噪后的特高频电磁信号包括特高频电磁信号的幅值、频率、周期和发送时间；所述去噪后的超声波信号包括超声波信号的幅值、频率、周期和发送时间；(3) The data processor receives the UHF electromagnetic signal and the ultrasonic signal, and removes the part of the UHF electromagnetic signal and the ultrasonic signal that is the same as the previously stored background noise signal, that is, denoises the UHF electromagnetic signal and the ultrasonic signal ; The data processor sends the denoised UHF electromagnetic signal and the denoised ultrasonic signal to the host respectively; the denoised UHF electromagnetic signal includes the amplitude, frequency and period of the UHF electromagnetic signal and sending time; the ultrasonic signal after the denoising includes the amplitude, frequency, cycle and sending time of the ultrasonic signal;
(4)将现场电磁波传感器和压电传感器的位置布置情况输入到主机内置的专家系统；所述专家系统判断能够检测到放电信号的电磁波传感器数量，当能够检测到放电信号的电磁波传感器少于2个时，应调整电磁波传感器的位置布置，直到检测到放电信号的电磁波传感器不少于2个；所述专家系统判断能够检测到放电信号的压电传感器数量，当能够检测到放电信号的压电传感器少于2个时，应调整压电传感器的位置布置，直到检测到放电信号的压电传感器不少于2个；(4) Input the position layout situation of the electromagnetic wave sensor and the piezoelectric sensor on-site to the built-in expert system of the host computer; the expert system judges the electromagnetic wave sensor quantity that can detect the discharge signal, when the electromagnetic wave sensor that can detect the discharge signal is less than 2 At one time, the position of the electromagnetic wave sensor should be adjusted until there are no less than two electromagnetic wave sensors that detect the discharge signal; the expert system judges the number of piezoelectric sensors that can detect the discharge signal. When there are less than 2 sensors, the arrangement of the piezoelectric sensors should be adjusted until there are no less than 2 piezoelectric sensors that detect the discharge signal;
(5)主机内置的专家系统结合现场电磁波传感器和压电传感器的位置布置情况，得到GIS局部放电源定位。(5) The built-in expert system of the main engine combines the position layout of the electromagnetic wave sensor and the piezoelectric sensor on site to obtain the location of the partial discharge source in GIS.
专家系统的定位方法包括如下步骤：The positioning method of the expert system includes the following steps:
(1)主机内置的专家系统比较特高频电磁信号幅值大小，幅值越大的测点判断为越接近放电源的位置；主机内置的专家系统比较超声波信号的幅值大小，幅值越大的测点判断为越接近放电源的位置；(1) The built-in expert system of the mainframe compares the amplitude of the UHF electromagnetic signal, and the measuring point with a larger amplitude is judged to be closer to the discharge source; the built-in expert system of the mainframe compares the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal, and the higher the amplitude The larger measuring point is judged to be closer to the discharge source;
(2)主机内置的专家系统通过比较特高频电磁信号幅值大小，确定最接近放电源位置的2个电磁波传感器，记录最接近放电源位置的2个电磁波传感器测量到的特高频电磁信号的时间差；根据特高频电磁信号的时间差，利用时差定位法计算GIS局部放电源与电磁波传感器之间的距离，确定GIS局部放电源位置并将距离GIS局部放电源最近的电磁波传感器记为最近电磁波传感器；(2) The built-in expert system of the host determines the two electromagnetic wave sensors closest to the discharge source by comparing the amplitude of the UHF electromagnetic signal, and records the UHF electromagnetic signals measured by the two electromagnetic wave sensors closest to the discharge source time difference; according to the time difference of the UHF electromagnetic signal, the time difference positioning method is used to calculate the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the electromagnetic wave sensor, determine the location of the GIS partial discharge source, and record the electromagnetic wave sensor closest to the GIS partial discharge source as the nearest electromagnetic wave sensor;
(3)主机内置的专家系统通过比较超声波信号幅值大小，确定最接近放电源位置的2个压电传感器，记录该2个压电传感器检测到的超声波信号的时间差；根据超声波信号的时间差，利用时差定位法计算GIS局部放电源与超声波传感器之间的距离，确定GIS局部放电源位置并将距离GIS局部放电源最近的压电传感器记为最近压电波传感器；(3) The built-in expert system of the host determines the two piezoelectric sensors closest to the position of the discharge source by comparing the amplitude of the ultrasonic signals, and records the time difference of the ultrasonic signals detected by the two piezoelectric sensors; according to the time difference of the ultrasonic signals, Using the time difference positioning method to calculate the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the ultrasonic sensor, determine the location of the GIS partial discharge source and record the piezoelectric sensor closest to the GIS partial discharge source as the nearest piezoelectric wave sensor;
(4)比较步骤(2)确定的GIS局部放电源位置和步骤(3)确定的GIS局部放电源位置是否相同，若相同则该位置即为GIS局部放电源的位置；(4) Whether the location of the GIS partial discharge source determined in step (2) is the same as the location of the GIS partial discharge source determined in step (3), if identical, the position is the location of the GIS partial discharge source;
(5)若定位的GIS局部放电源位置不相同时，根据最近电磁波传感器检测到的特高频电磁信号和最近压电传感器检测到的超声波信号的时间差，利用声电联合时差定位法确定GIS局部放电源的位置。(5) If the location of the localized discharge source of the GIS is different, according to the time difference between the ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signal detected by the nearest electromagnetic wave sensor and the ultrasonic signal detected by the nearest piezoelectric sensor, the GIS partial The location of the power supply.
所述时差定位法的计算公式为x2＝(L2-v2*Δt2)/2；其中x2为GIS局部放电源与最近压电传感器的距离，L2为2个的压电传感器之间的轴向距离，v2为超声波信号的传输速率，Δt2为2个压电传感器接收到放电信号的时间差。The calculation formula of the time difference positioning method is x 2 =(L 2 -v 2 *Δt 2 )/2; wherein x 2 is the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the nearest piezoelectric sensor, and L 2 is two piezoelectric sensors The axial distance between them, v 2 is the transmission rate of the ultrasonic signal, and Δt 2 is the time difference between the two piezoelectric sensors receiving the discharge signal.
所述时差定位法的计算公式为x2＝(L2-v2*Δt2)/2；其中x2为GIS局部放电源与最近压电传感器的距离，L2为2个的压电传感器之间的轴向距离，v2为超声波信号的传输速率，Δt2为2个压电传感器接收到放电信号的时间差。The calculation formula of the time difference positioning method is x 2 =(L 2 -v 2 *Δt 2 )/2; wherein x 2 is the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the nearest piezoelectric sensor, and L 2 is two piezoelectric sensors The axial distance between them, v 2 is the transmission rate of the ultrasonic signal, and Δt 2 is the time difference between the two piezoelectric sensors receiving the discharge signal.
所述声电联合时差定位法计算公式为x3＝v3*Δt3；其中x3为GIS局部放电源与最近压电传感器的距离，v3为超声波信号的传输速率，Δt3为最近电磁波传感器与最近压电传感器接收到放电信号的时间差。The calculation formula of the combined acoustic and electric time difference positioning method is x 3 =v 3 *Δt 3 ; wherein x 3 is the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the nearest piezoelectric sensor, v 3 is the transmission rate of the ultrasonic signal, and Δt 3 is the nearest electromagnetic wave The time difference between the sensor and the nearest piezoelectric sensor receiving the discharge signal.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过比较GIS局部放电特高频信号和超声波信号的时域波形，根据2个电磁波传感器或者2个压电传感器或者1个电磁波传感器和1个压电传感器采集到的时域波形信号时间差，利用时差定位法或者声电联合时差定位法确定GIS局部放电源的位置；这种联合特高频带电检测技术和超声波带电检测技术定位GIS局部放电源位置的方法，具有定位速度快、定位精度准的优点。The beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention compares the time-domain waveform of the GIS partial discharge UHF signal and the ultrasonic signal, according to 2 electromagnetic wave sensors or 2 piezoelectric sensors or 1 electromagnetic wave sensor and 1 piezoelectric sensor. The time difference of the time-domain waveform signal, using the time difference positioning method or the combined acoustic and electric time difference positioning method to determine the position of the partial discharge source of the GIS; this method of combining the UHF live detection technology and the ultrasonic live detection technology to locate the position of the GIS partial discharge source has the advantages of The advantages of fast positioning speed and accurate positioning accuracy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为GIS局部放电在线监测装置原理框图。Figure 1 is a block diagram of the GIS partial discharge on-line monitoring device.
图2为GIS局部放电定位方法流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the GIS partial discharge localization method.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
由图1所示的实施例可知，它包括多于1个的超声波数据采集单元、多于1个的特高频数据采集单元、数据处理器和主机；所述超声波数据采集单元经数据处理器接主机；所述特高频数据采集单元经数据处理器接主机。As can be seen from the embodiment shown in Figure 1, it includes more than one ultrasonic data acquisition unit, more than one UHF data acquisition unit, data processor and host; connected to the host computer; the UHF data acquisition unit is connected to the host computer via a data processor.
所述超声波数据采集单元包括压电传感器、运算放大器、超声波AD转换模块、超声波CPLD模块和超声波数据传输总线；所述压电传感器设置在GIS 外壳外表面；所述压电传感器的输出端依次经运算放大器、超声波AD转换模块、超声波CPLD模块和超声波数据传输总线接数据处理器的相应输入端。The ultrasonic data acquisition unit includes a piezoelectric sensor, an operational amplifier, an ultrasonic AD conversion module, an ultrasonic CPLD module, and an ultrasonic data transmission bus; the piezoelectric sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the GIS shell; the output of the piezoelectric sensor is sequentially passed through The operational amplifier, the ultrasonic AD conversion module, the ultrasonic CPLD module and the ultrasonic data transmission bus are connected to corresponding input ends of the data processor.
所述特高频数据采集单元包括电磁波传感器、高通滤波器、特高频AD 转换模块、特高频CPLD模块和特高频数据传输总线；所述电磁波传感器设置在 GIS盆式绝缘子法兰外表面；所述电磁波传感器的输出端依次经高通滤波器、特高频AD转换模块、特高频CPLD模块和特高频数据传输总线接数据处理器的相应输入端。The UHF data acquisition unit includes an electromagnetic wave sensor, a high-pass filter, an UHF AD conversion module, an UHF CPLD module and an UHF data transmission bus; the electromagnetic wave sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the flange of the GIS pot insulator ; The output end of the electromagnetic wave sensor is connected to the corresponding input end of the data processor through the high-pass filter, the UHF AD conversion module, the UHF CPLD module and the UHF data transmission bus in turn.
所述超声波数据采集单元的数量为7个；所述特高频数据采集单元的数量为4个。The number of the ultrasonic data acquisition units is 7; the number of the UHF data acquisition units is 4.
所述数据处理器的型号为TMS320F2812；所述主机的型号为IPC-620H；所述压电传感器的型号为R3I；所述运算放大器的型号为AD8610；所述超声波 AD转换模块的型号为TLV5580；所述超声波CPLD模块的型号为FLEX10KA；所述超声波数据传输总线的型号为I2C；所述电磁波传感器的型号为型号为 PDS-620W；所述高通滤波器的型号为HHP0300S；所述特高频AD转换模块的型号为TLV5580；所述特高频CPLD模块的型号为FLEX10KA；所述特高频数据传输总线的型号为I2C。The model of the data processor is TMS320F2812; the model of the host is IPC-620H; the model of the piezoelectric sensor is R3I; the model of the operational amplifier is AD8610; the model of the ultrasonic AD conversion module is TLV5580; The model of the ultrasonic CPLD module is FLEX10KA; the model of the ultrasonic data transmission bus is I2C; the model of the electromagnetic wave sensor is PDS-620W; the model of the high-pass filter is HHP0300S; The model of the conversion module is TLV5580; the model of the UHF CPLD module is FLEX10KA; the model of the UHF data transmission bus is I2C.
由图2所示的实施例可知，它包括如下步骤：Known by the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, it comprises the following steps:
(1)在GIS发生局部放电前，利用超声波数据采集单元和特高频数据采集单元分别获取背景噪声信号，并分别将背景噪声信号发送至数据处理器；数据处理器将背景噪声信号进行保存；(1) Before partial discharge occurs in the GIS, use the ultrasonic data acquisition unit and the UHF data acquisition unit to obtain the background noise signals respectively, and send the background noise signals to the data processor respectively; the data processor saves the background noise signals;
(2)在GIS发生局部放电时，特高频数据采集单元检测GIS产生的特高频电磁信号并发送至数据处理器；同时，超声波数据采集单元检测GIS产生的超声波信号并发送至数据处理器；(2) When partial discharge occurs in GIS, the UHF data acquisition unit detects the UHF electromagnetic signal generated by GIS and sends it to the data processor; at the same time, the ultrasonic data acquisition unit detects the ultrasonic signal generated by GIS and sends it to the data processor ;
(3)数据处理器接收特高频电磁信号和超声波信号，并将特高频电磁信号和超声波信号中与先期存储的背景噪声信号相同的部分去除，即将特高频电磁信号和超声波信号去噪；数据处理器将去噪后的特高频电磁信号和去噪后的超声波信号分别发送至主机；所述去噪后的特高频电磁信号包括特高频电磁信号的幅值、频率、周期和发送时间；所述去噪后的超声波信号包括超声波信号的幅值、频率、周期和发送时间；(3) The data processor receives the UHF electromagnetic signal and the ultrasonic signal, and removes the part of the UHF electromagnetic signal and the ultrasonic signal that is the same as the previously stored background noise signal, that is, denoises the UHF electromagnetic signal and the ultrasonic signal ; The data processor sends the denoised UHF electromagnetic signal and the denoised ultrasonic signal to the host respectively; the denoised UHF electromagnetic signal includes the amplitude, frequency and period of the UHF electromagnetic signal and sending time; the ultrasonic signal after the denoising includes the amplitude, frequency, cycle and sending time of the ultrasonic signal;
(4)将现场电磁波传感器和压电传感器的位置布置情况输入到主机内置的专家系统；所述专家系统判断能够检测到放电信号的电磁波传感器数量，当能够检测到放电信号的电磁波传感器少于2个时，应调整电磁波传感器的位置布置，直到检测到放电信号的电磁波传感器不少于2个；所述专家系统判断能够检测到放电信号的压电传感器数量，当能够检测到放电信号的压电传感器少于2个时，应调整压电传感器的位置布置，直到检测到放电信号的压电传感器不少于2个；(4) Input the position layout situation of the electromagnetic wave sensor and the piezoelectric sensor on-site to the built-in expert system of the host computer; the expert system judges the electromagnetic wave sensor quantity that can detect the discharge signal, when the electromagnetic wave sensor that can detect the discharge signal is less than 2 At one time, the position of the electromagnetic wave sensor should be adjusted until there are no less than two electromagnetic wave sensors that detect the discharge signal; the expert system judges the number of piezoelectric sensors that can detect the discharge signal. When there are less than 2 sensors, the arrangement of the piezoelectric sensors should be adjusted until there are no less than 2 piezoelectric sensors that detect the discharge signal;
(5)主机内置的专家系统结合现场电磁波传感器和压电传感器的位置布置情况，得到GIS局部放电源定位。(5) The built-in expert system of the main engine combines the position layout of the electromagnetic wave sensor and the piezoelectric sensor on site to obtain the location of the partial discharge source in GIS.
专家系统的定位方法包括如下步骤：The positioning method of the expert system includes the following steps:
(1)主机内置的专家系统比较特高频电磁信号幅值大小，幅值越大的测点判断为越接近放电源的位置；主机内置的专家系统比较超声波信号的幅值大小，幅值越大的测点判断为越接近放电源的位置；(1) The built-in expert system of the mainframe compares the amplitude of the UHF electromagnetic signal, and the measuring point with a larger amplitude is judged to be closer to the discharge source; the built-in expert system of the mainframe compares the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal, and the higher the amplitude The larger measuring point is judged to be closer to the discharge source;
(2)主机内置的专家系统通过比较特高频电磁信号幅值大小，确定最接近放电源位置的2个电磁波传感器，记录最接近放电源位置的2个电磁波传感器测量到的特高频电磁信号的时间差；根据特高频电磁信号的时间差，利用时差定位法计算GIS局部放电源与电磁波传感器之间的距离，确定GIS局部放电源位置并将距离GIS局部放电源最近的电磁波传感器记为最近电磁波传感器；(2) The built-in expert system of the host determines the two electromagnetic wave sensors closest to the discharge source by comparing the amplitude of the UHF electromagnetic signal, and records the UHF electromagnetic signals measured by the two electromagnetic wave sensors closest to the discharge source time difference; according to the time difference of the UHF electromagnetic signal, the time difference positioning method is used to calculate the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the electromagnetic wave sensor, determine the location of the GIS partial discharge source, and record the electromagnetic wave sensor closest to the GIS partial discharge source as the nearest electromagnetic wave sensor;
(3)主机内置的专家系统通过比较超声波信号幅值大小，确定最接近放电源位置的2个压电传感器，记录该2个压电传感器检测到的超声波信号的时间差；根据超声波信号的时间差，利用时差定位法计算GIS局部放电源与超声波传感器之间的距离，确定GIS局部放电源位置并将距离GIS局部放电源最近的压电传感器记为最近压电波传感器；(3) The built-in expert system of the host determines the two piezoelectric sensors closest to the position of the discharge source by comparing the amplitude of the ultrasonic signals, and records the time difference of the ultrasonic signals detected by the two piezoelectric sensors; according to the time difference of the ultrasonic signals, Using the time difference positioning method to calculate the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the ultrasonic sensor, determine the location of the GIS partial discharge source and record the piezoelectric sensor closest to the GIS partial discharge source as the nearest piezoelectric wave sensor;
(4)比较步骤(2)确定的GIS局部放电源位置和步骤(3)确定的GIS局部放电源位置是否相同，若相同则该位置即为GIS局部放电源的位置；(4) Whether the location of the GIS partial discharge source determined in step (2) is the same as the location of the GIS partial discharge source determined in step (3), if identical, the position is the location of the GIS partial discharge source;
(5)若定位的GIS局部放电源位置不相同时，根据最近电磁波传感器检测到的特高频电磁信号和最近压电传感器检测到的超声波信号的时间差，利用声电联合时差定位法确定GIS局部放电源的位置。(5) If the location of the localized discharge source of the GIS is different, according to the time difference between the ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signal detected by the nearest electromagnetic wave sensor and the ultrasonic signal detected by the nearest piezoelectric sensor, the GIS partial The location of the power supply.
所述时差定位法的计算公式为x2＝(L2-v2*Δt2)/2；其中x2为GIS局部放电源与最近压电传感器的距离，L2为2个的压电传感器之间的轴向距离，v2为超声波信号的传输速率，Δt2为2个压电传感器接收到放电信号的时间差。The calculation formula of the time difference positioning method is x 2 =(L 2 -v 2 *Δt 2 )/2; wherein x 2 is the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the nearest piezoelectric sensor, and L 2 is two piezoelectric sensors The axial distance between them, v 2 is the transmission rate of the ultrasonic signal, and Δt 2 is the time difference between the two piezoelectric sensors receiving the discharge signal.
所述时差定位法的计算公式为x2＝(L2-v2*Δt2)/2；其中x2为GIS局部放电源与最近压电传感器的距离，L2为2个的压电传感器之间的轴向距离，v2为超声波信号的传输速率，Δt2为2个压电传感器接收到放电信号的时间差。The calculation formula of the time difference positioning method is x 2 =(L 2 -v 2 *Δt 2 )/2; wherein x 2 is the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the nearest piezoelectric sensor, and L 2 is two piezoelectric sensors The axial distance between them, v 2 is the transmission rate of the ultrasonic signal, and Δt 2 is the time difference between the two piezoelectric sensors receiving the discharge signal.
所述声电联合时差定位法计算公式为x3＝v3*Δt3；其中x3为GIS局部放电源与最近压电传感器的距离，v3为超声波信号的传输速率，Δt3为最近电磁波传感器与最近压电传感器接收到放电信号的时间差。The calculation formula of the combined acoustic and electric time difference positioning method is x 3 =v 3 *Δt 3 ; wherein x 3 is the distance between the GIS partial discharge source and the nearest piezoelectric sensor, v 3 is the transmission rate of the ultrasonic signal, and Δt 3 is the nearest electromagnetic wave The time difference between the sensor and the nearest piezoelectric sensor receiving the discharge signal.
高通滤波单元用于接收局部放电产生的电磁波信号，高通滤波后转换为电信号输出。高通滤波单元为高通滤波器，截止频率为300MHz。The high-pass filter unit is used to receive the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the partial discharge, and convert it into an electrical signal output after high-pass filter. The high-pass filter unit is a high-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 300MHz.
每一组的特高频信号数据和超声信号数据通过数据传输总线与DSP数据处理器连接，DSP数据处理器对传送的数据进行进一步的去噪和取样分析，存储在SDRAM存储器中。主机通过HPI接口读取SDRAM中的数据，利用内置的软件进行信号检测、识别和部分定位。主机内置的专家系统还可以对数据的综合分析给出最终的定位和风险评估。Each group of UHF signal data and ultrasonic signal data is connected to the DSP data processor through the data transmission bus, and the DSP data processor performs further denoising and sampling analysis on the transmitted data, and stores them in the SDRAM memory. The host reads the data in SDRAM through the HPI interface, and uses the built-in software to perform signal detection, identification and partial positioning. The built-in expert system of the mainframe can also give the final positioning and risk assessment to the comprehensive analysis of the data.
本发明提供的GIS局部放电在线监测系统还可以通过USB接口进行数据输出，也可以通过无线数据传输模块传输到已有的电力在线监测系统进行并网监测。The GIS partial discharge on-line monitoring system provided by the present invention can also output data through a USB interface, and can also transmit data to an existing electric power on-line monitoring system through a wireless data transmission module for grid-connected monitoring.
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