CN112540550A - Large-scale new forms of energy vehicle - Google Patents
Large-scale new forms of energy vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112540550A CN112540550A CN201910893963.1A CN201910893963A CN112540550A CN 112540550 A CN112540550 A CN 112540550A CN 201910893963 A CN201910893963 A CN 201910893963A CN 112540550 A CN112540550 A CN 112540550A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0421—Multiprocessor system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/22—Pc multi processor system
- G05B2219/2231—Leader-follower
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2637—Vehicle, car, auto, wheelchair
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale new energy vehicle. The vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a master controller and battery packs arranged at different positions in the vehicle body, wherein each battery pack is provided with a slave controller, a wireless communication network is formed between each slave controller and the master controller, and each slave controller and the master controller are wireless communication nodes; each slave controller and the master controller respectively comprise a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and the following steps are realized: for a slave, the next wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave to the master is prestored, so that each slave transmits the acquired information to the master in the optimal transmission path. According to the distribution characteristics of the battery packs, the slave controllers and the master controller of each battery pack are communicated in a networking mode, information acquired by each slave controller is uploaded to the master controller according to the optimal transmission path, and the reliability of communication between the slave controllers and the master controller is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large-scale new energy vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of communication of a battery management system of the large-scale new energy vehicle.
Background
With the continuous improvement of new energy technologies, the requirements on the configuration electric quantity and the voltage platform of the battery management system are higher and higher, for example, in an electric passenger car, the configuration of the original system is about 200kWh and is improved to over 300kWh, and the voltage platform is improved from original DC500V to DC750V, so that the possibility of further improvement exists in the future.
Compared with the traditional automobile, the new energy automobile (including electric automobiles and hybrid electric automobiles) is added with more high-voltage and low-voltage wire harnesses (namely cables) for connection, the high-voltage cable comprises a power cable connected with a power circuit of a battery module and a heating cable connected with a heating circuit of the battery module, and the low-voltage cable comprises a communication cable and a fire extinguisher cable. With the configuration of the battery management system being higher and higher, the estimation of the battery state is more and more accurate; the number of the single batteries is increased in multiples, the data acquisition quantity of the states of the single batteries is increased, on one hand, the communication data quantity of the battery management system is increased, the number of cables is increased continuously, the economic cost is increased, on the other hand, more wire harnesses (particularly communication cables) cause the increase of communication fault events of the battery management system, and for terminal customers, the data transmission rate, the real-time performance and the safety of the battery management system are all influenced to a certain extent.
In order to solve the above problems, a wireless communication method is adopted to transmit real-time data inside a battery system, in the prior art, a wireless communication method in a battery management system generally includes that an acquisition module, a slave controller and a wireless transmission module are arranged in each battery pack, the acquisition module acquires voltage, temperature and other information of the battery pack and transmits the information to the slave controller, the slave controller transmits the acquired information to a master controller through the wireless transmission module, the master controller receives the information and analyzes and processes the information to obtain a processing result, the processing result is transmitted to the slave controller, and the slave controller controls each battery pack, however, in the field of large-scale new energy passenger cars, the number of battery packs configured for passenger car products is not equal to 4 or more than 20, the arrangement positions are not limited to positions of a car chassis, a car rear cabin, a car roof and the like, due to the limitation of the space of the whole car, a sealing plate is arranged between the, meanwhile, the whole vehicle is used in complex working conditions of factories, power distribution stations, roads and villages, and wireless communication between each slave controller and the master controller is greatly interfered by electromagnetic interference of operating environments and charging stations, so that the reliability of communication is poor, and the safety of the vehicle is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale new energy vehicle, which is used for solving the problem of poor reliability of wireless communication of a battery pack in the existing large-scale new energy vehicle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a large-scale new energy vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body, a master controller and battery packs arranged at different positions in the vehicle body, wherein each battery pack is provided with a slave controller for acquiring information of the battery pack, a wireless communication network is formed between each slave controller and the master controller, and each slave controller and the master controller are both a wireless communication node; each slave controller and the master controller respectively comprise a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and each processor realizes the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program:
for a slave, the next wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave to the master is prestored, so that each slave transmits the acquired information to the master in the optimal transmission path.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the characteristics of battery pack distribution in the large-scale new energy vehicle, the slave controllers and the master controller of each battery pack are communicated in a networking mode, information collected by each slave controller is uploaded to the master controller according to the optimal transmission path, the reliability of communication between the slave controllers and the master controller is improved, and the driving safety of the vehicle is ensured.
Further, in order to ensure the reliability of signal transmission, each processor, when executing the corresponding computer program, further implements the following steps: and for one slave, also prestoring the last wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave to the master, so that the master sends instructions to the slaves according to the reverse optimal transmission path.
Further, in order to ensure the reliability of the battery pack communication of the vehicle in various states, the optimal transmission path includes: an optimal transmission path of at least one vehicle state among a parking mode, a low speed mode, a high speed mode, and a charging mode; the vehicle further comprises a vehicle state acquisition module, the vehicle state acquisition module is connected with the master controller and sends the vehicle state information to the master controller, the master controller transmits the vehicle state information to the slave controllers according to reverse optimal transmission paths corresponding to the vehicle states, and the slave controllers upload the acquired information according to the optimal transmission paths corresponding to the vehicle states.
Furthermore, in order to judge the state of the vehicle, the vehicle state acquisition module comprises a vehicle speed sensor for acquiring vehicle speed information and a current sensor for acquiring the magnitude of charging current, and when the vehicle speed is zero, the vehicle is in a parking mode; when the vehicle speed is greater than zero and less than the vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle is in a low-speed mode; when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to the vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle is in a high-speed mode; when the charging current is greater than zero, the vehicle is in a charging mode.
In order to further ensure the reliability of the battery pack communication, each processor further realizes the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program: and for one slave, also prestoring the next wireless communication node on the standby transmission path from the slave to the master, and when the communication of the optimal transmission path fails, enabling each slave to transmit the acquired information to the master in the standby transmission path.
In order to further ensure the reliability of signal transmission, each processor further realizes the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program: and for a slave controller, also prestoring the last wireless communication node on the standby transmission path from the slave controller to the master controller, and enabling the master controller to issue instructions to each slave controller according to the reverse standby transmission path when the communication of the optimal transmission path fails.
Furthermore, in order to realize the comprehensive collection of the battery pack information, the slave controller further comprises a collection module for collecting the battery pack information, and the collection module at least comprises two of a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor and a liquid sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of arrangement of a battery pack of a vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the arrangement of a battery pack of the entire vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an electrical schematic of the vehicle communication system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an electrical topology of a battery pack of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the battery pack equalization control according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Large-scale new energy vehicle embodiment:
the large-scale new energy vehicle provided by the embodiment comprises a vehicle body, a plurality of groups of battery packs and a master controller, wherein the plurality of groups of battery packs are arranged inside the vehicle body, the distribution of the battery packs in the vehicle is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the battery packs are arranged at the positions of a chassis, a rear cabin, a vehicle roof and the like in the vehicle body, each battery pack is provided with a slave controller for acquiring information of the battery pack, as shown in fig. 3, each slave controller and the master controller respectively comprise a wireless communication module and a controller, so that a wireless communication network is formed between each slave controller and the master controller, a battery management system is formed, and each slave controller and the master controller are respectively a wireless communication node.
In the embodiment, two master nodes are set as a master node a and a master node B as required, and the number of the master nodes is not limited, can be increased and can be reduced.
In order to normally operate the vehicle, the vehicle further comprises a vehicle control unit, a motor controller and a motor, the overall communication is as shown in fig. 3, each battery pack is connected with the charger and the motor controller through a high-voltage junction box, the battery packs are connected with the high-voltage junction boxes through power wire harnesses, the motor controller and the vehicle control unit are connected with the motor and used for controlling the motor to work, and the vehicle control unit is in communication connection with the main controller and the motor controller.
Each slave controller and the controller of the master controller comprise a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and each processor realizes the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program:
for one slave controller, pre-storing the next wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave controller to the master controller, so that each slave controller transmits the acquired information to the master controller by the optimal transmission path;
in order to transmit the information of each battery pack to the master controller through the slave controller in an optimal path, further, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of instruction transmission issued by the master controller, each processor further implements the following steps when executing a corresponding computer program: and for one slave, also prestoring the last wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave to the master, so that the master sends instructions to the slaves according to the reverse optimal transmission path.
In the wireless communication network, the wireless communication is greatly influenced by the difference of the vehicle states, so the optimal transmission path comprises the optimal transmission path in the parking mode, the low-speed mode, the high-speed mode and the charging mode, and of course, if only under the condition that the influence of a certain vehicle state is large, a specific optimal transmission path can be set only for the certain vehicle state without careful division. Therefore, the vehicle further comprises a vehicle state acquisition module, the vehicle state acquisition module is connected with the master controller and sends the vehicle state information to the master controller, the master controller transmits the vehicle state information to the slave controllers according to the reverse optimal transmission path corresponding to the vehicle state, and the slave controllers upload the acquired information according to the optimal transmission path corresponding to the vehicle state.
The vehicle state acquisition module includes the speed sensor that is used for gathering speed of a motor vehicle information and is used for gathering the current sensor of charging current size, transmits the vehicle state information who gathers to the master controller, and the master controller judges vehicle state through following logic: when the vehicle speed is zero, the vehicle is in a parking mode; when the vehicle speed is greater than zero and less than the vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle is in a low-speed mode; when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to the vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle is in a high-speed mode; when the charging current is greater than zero, the vehicle is in a charging mode.
In order to avoid that the communication of the battery pack cannot be carried out due to the communication failure of the optimal transmission path, each processor further realizes the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program: for a slave controller, also prestoring the next wireless communication node on the standby transmission path from the slave controller to the master controller, and when the communication of the optimal transmission path fails (the master controller fails to receive signals within the set time, namely the communication of the optimal transmission path is judged to fail), enabling each slave controller to transmit the acquired information to the master controller through the standby transmission path;
further, in order to avoid that the master controller cannot issue an instruction due to the failure of the communication of the optimal transmission path, each processor further implements the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program: and for a slave controller, also prestoring the last wireless communication node on the standby transmission path from the slave controller to the master controller, and enabling the master controller to issue instructions to each slave controller according to the reverse standby transmission path when the communication of the optimal transmission path fails. Of course, if the optimum transmission path is guaranteed to be reliable, the backup transmission path may not be provided.
And if the optimal transmission path and the standby transmission path are abnormal in communication, path selection is carried out in an automatic networking mode, and after the networking is successful, communication is carried out according to a path selection scheme of the automatic networking. And if the automatic networking fails, reporting the communication fault of the whole vehicle.
In order to avoid that the user experience of an owner is affected due to the fact that the automatic networking time is too long, the optimal transmission path and the standby transmission path between each slave controller and the master controller are obtained through a vehicle sampling test before the vehicle leaves a factory and are stored in the battery management system, the standby transmission path comprises at least one, in the embodiment, the number of the standby transmission paths is two, and as other implementation modes, the number of the standby transmission paths can be configured as required.
The sample car test process is as follows: firstly, before a sample car test is carried out, physical address coding is carried out on each battery pack according to the assembly position of each battery pack, and the physical address of each battery pack is preset in a corresponding wireless communication module (a master controller configures two wireless communication modules as two master nodes A and B, and the wireless communication module of each slave controller is used as a sub-node c, d, e, f, g, h and i, the sub-node corresponding to the master node A is g, h and i, and the sub-node corresponding to the master node B is c, d, e and f);
secondly, after the battery management system is powered on, the main controller detects whether the two main nodes are normal, if the two main nodes are normal, the main node A sends a broadcast frame, the main node B receives the broadcast frame and then responds, after response information is confirmed, the main nodes A and B respectively send broadcast frames with different frequencies, each sub-node sends a network joining application after receiving the broadcast frame, the two main nodes check after receiving the application, if the address is in the preset address of the main node, the main node sends response information, and if the address is not in the preset address of the main node, the main node does not send response information;
and then, the main node A and/or the main node B repeatedly sends broadcast frames to carry out networking, if the networking exceeds 10s, the sub-nodes which are already networked still have no networking with the main node, each sub-node which is already networked serves as a relay to send the broadcast frames, networking is carried out with the sub-nodes which are not networked according to the networking mode of the main node, and the networking is finished after all the sub-nodes receive response information. After networking is successful, the main node evaluates the communication quality under various working conditions (parking, low-speed operation, high-speed operation and charging) according to the networking time length and the packet loss rate in the networking process, selects the optimal, suboptimal and third-optimal paths (the suboptimal and third-optimal paths are standby transmission paths) of each main node and each sub-node as information transmission paths to be preset in a battery management system, namely, the addresses of the sub-nodes in the optimal, the second best and the third best paths are distributed to the two main nodes and the sub-nodes as the relays, the distributed addresses of the two main nodes are not repeated, the following steps that the slave controllers and the master controller sequentially serve as signal transmission paths of the child nodes and the master node according to the optimal path, the second optimal path and the third optimal path (the acquisition of the paths needs to carry out a large number of tests on various working conditions, and therefore the accuracy of the optimal path, the second optimal path and the third optimal path can be guaranteed);
in the networking process, if partial sub nodes still do not realize networking after exceeding 30s, networking is carried out by using the handheld device, the fault reason is detected, and whether the signal transmission is cut off by the battery cabin or the communication module is judged. Through data analysis, the networking problem of each node is solved by adding relay nodes or replacing communication modules.
Each slave controller and the wireless communication module corresponding to each slave controller adopt an independent power supply mode, the voltage of each battery pack is reduced by adopting DC/DC and then the corresponding slave controller and the wireless communication module are supplied with power, in order to meet the voltage adaptation range of a plurality of battery packs, the DC/DC input voltage range is not less than 50-200V, and the output voltage is 12V or 24V, so that the normal operation of a battery management system is ensured.
Each slave controller is as shown in fig. 4, and comprises various acquisition modules, including a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor and a liquid sensor, which are respectively used for periodically acquiring voltage, temperature, abnormal gas and liquid information of the battery, the various acquisition modules are in communication connection with the corresponding slave controllers, the acquired information is sent to the corresponding slave controllers, the slave controllers send the information to the master controller in the networking mode, and the master controller is in communication connection with the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller can know various conditions of electrolyte leakage, liquid cooling pipe leakage, battery thermal runaway and battery voltage runaway in real time, and the abnormal conditions of the battery pack can be identified in advance.
Each battery pack is further provided with a heating module, the heating module is connected with the high-voltage junction box through a heating wire harness and used for heating the battery pack through the high-voltage junction box, in the embodiment, the heating module is a heating resistor, and the specific implementation mode of the heating module is not limited, and only the battery pack is heated.
Further, each slave controller has a battery state monitoring function and a battery balancing function, as shown in fig. 5, the health state of the battery and the power consumption of each slave controller are monitored in real time, each slave controller sends monitored information to the master controller in a wireless communication manner, after the master controller performs data analysis and processing, the battery pack needing to be adjusted in the state of charge is judged, and then the electric quantity value needing to be adjusted is sent to the slave controller corresponding to each battery pack, and the slave controller realizes the balancing module of the battery pack by adjusting the standby time and the working time of the slave controller and the wireless module corresponding to the slave controller, so that the consistency of the whole battery system is ensured.
Claims (7)
1. A large-scale new energy vehicle comprises a vehicle body and a master controller, and is characterized by further comprising battery packs arranged at different positions in the vehicle body, wherein each battery pack is provided with a slave controller for acquiring information of the battery pack, a wireless communication network is formed between each slave controller and the master controller, and each slave controller and the master controller are wireless communication nodes; each slave controller and the master controller respectively comprise a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and each processor realizes the following steps when executing the corresponding computer program:
for a slave, the next wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave to the master is prestored, so that each slave transmits the acquired information to the master in the optimal transmission path.
2. The large new energy vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each processor, when executing the corresponding computer program, further performs the steps of: and for one slave, also prestoring the last wireless communication node on the optimal transmission path from the slave to the master, so that the master sends instructions to the slaves according to the reverse optimal transmission path.
3. The large new energy vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the optimal transmission path comprises: an optimal transmission path of at least one vehicle state among a parking mode, a low speed mode, a high speed mode, and a charging mode; the vehicle further comprises a vehicle state acquisition module, the vehicle state acquisition module is connected with the master controller and sends the vehicle state information to the master controller, the master controller transmits the vehicle state information to the slave controllers according to reverse optimal transmission paths corresponding to the vehicle states, and the slave controllers upload the acquired information according to the optimal transmission paths corresponding to the vehicle states.
4. The large-scale new energy vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the vehicle state acquisition module comprises a vehicle speed sensor for acquiring vehicle speed information and a current sensor for acquiring the magnitude of charging current, and when the vehicle speed is zero, the vehicle is in a parking mode; when the vehicle speed is greater than zero and less than the vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle is in a low-speed mode; when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to the vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle is in a high-speed mode; when the charging current is greater than zero, the vehicle is in a charging mode.
5. The large new energy vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each processor, when executing the corresponding computer program, further performs the steps of: and for one slave, also prestoring the next wireless communication node on the standby transmission path from the slave to the master, and when the communication of the optimal transmission path fails, enabling each slave to transmit the acquired information to the master in the standby transmission path.
6. The large new energy vehicle according to claim 5, wherein each processor, when executing the corresponding computer program, further performs the steps of: and for a slave controller, also prestoring the last wireless communication node on the standby transmission path from the slave controller to the master controller, and enabling the master controller to issue instructions to each slave controller according to the reverse standby transmission path when the communication of the optimal transmission path fails.
7. The large-scale new energy vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the slave controller further comprises an acquisition module for acquiring information of the battery pack, and the acquisition module comprises at least two of a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a gas sensor and a liquid sensor.
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| CN201910893963.1A CN112540550A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Large-scale new forms of energy vehicle |
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| CN117239937B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-01-30 | 深圳海辰储能科技有限公司 | A data interaction method, device and storage medium for a battery management system |
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Application publication date: 20210323 |