CN117566864A - A kind of foam skeleton type composite material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of foam skeleton type composite material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN117566864A CN117566864A CN202311677323.XA CN202311677323A CN117566864A CN 117566864 A CN117566864 A CN 117566864A CN 202311677323 A CN202311677323 A CN 202311677323A CN 117566864 A CN117566864 A CN 117566864A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a foam skeleton type composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Compared with the traditional metal-based electrode material, the preparation method has the advantages that the cost is lower, the mechanical property is more excellent, the cost is reduced, and the stability of the material is improved; by adding the pore-forming agent, a pore structure can be generated in the matrix, so that the effective contact area between the composite material and pollutants is increased, more exposed points are provided for active substances, and the chemical activity of the composite material is increased; the active nano carbon dots are doped in the composite material, so that the composite material has the capability of catalyzing electrochemical oxidation of halogenated hydrocarbon, and the removal efficiency of halogenated hydrocarbon pollutants in water can be further improved. The composite material obtained by the invention not only has excellent mechanical property and durability, but also has more excellent electrochemical property, and has wide development prospect in the field of halogenated hydrocarbon-containing sewage treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a foam skeleton type composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are widely used in a variety of different industrial processes such as dry cleaning operations and semiconductor manufacturing. 1, 2-dichloroethane is an important industrial chemical and is generally used as an industrial solvent, a metal degreasing agent, a petrochemical lead remover such as gasoline, a production pesticide, a pharmaceutical, etc. Due to improper storage, use and disposal, many types of chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants enter groundwater, becoming a major class of persistent organic contaminants in groundwater.
Currently, methods for groundwater chlorohydrocarbon removal mainly include ex situ remediation and in situ remediation. Compared with ex-situ repair, in-situ repair has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, small influence on environment and the like. The in-situ remediation method mainly comprises an underground water aeration technology, a biological remediation technology, a chemical oxidation-reduction method, an electrochemical method and the like. The electrochemical technology has the advantages of high efficiency, controllability, simple and convenient operation, wide-spectrum pollutant removal and the like.
Conventional electrochemical applications typically employ noble metals as electrode materials, which result in high costs and relatively low chemical stability. To address this problem, researchers have been looking for alternative electrode materials to reduce costs and improve sustainability. Cement electrodes are favored in the construction field due to their low cost and high chemical stability.
However, the conductivity of the cement electrode is very unstable due to the low conductivity of the cement electrode and the factors such as polarization reaction, and only a few researchers have introduced the cement electrode into the electrochemical field. Therefore, how to improve the conductivity and the stability of the conductivity of the cement electrode is a problem to be solved in the electrochemical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foam skeleton type composite material, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a foam skeleton type composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
140-160 parts of inorganic gel material, 20-40 parts of conductive material dispersion liquid, 10-20 parts of mineral fiber, 30-70 parts of water, 5-8 parts of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid;
the concentration of the conductive material dispersion liquid is 0.25-0.4 g/mL;
the concentration of the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid is 5-8 mg/mL;
the concentration of the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid is 10-15 wt%.
Preferably, the inorganic gel material comprises portland cement.
Preferably, the conductive material in the conductive material dispersion comprises metal fibers;
the length of the metal fiber is 3-5 mm, and the diameter is 8-13 mu m.
Preferably, the mineral fibers comprise basalt fibers; the length of the basalt fiber is 3-5 mm, and the diameter is 8-13 mu m.
Preferably, the preparation of the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid comprises the following steps:
placing the two pieces of biomass charcoal in a liquid electrolyte for electrochemical stripping;
the liquid electrolyte comprises water;
the dosage ratio of each biomass charcoal to the liquid electrolyte is 50g: 700-1500 mL;
the electrochemical stripping conditions include: the distance between the two biomass charcoal blocks is 3-8 cm; the voltage is 4-8V, and the current density is 0.8-1.2 mA/cm 2 When (time)The interval is 4-6 days.
Preferably, the preparation of the conductive material dispersion liquid includes:
firstly mixing a conductive material and water to obtain a first dispersion liquid;
and (3) mixing the first dispersion liquid with a dispersing agent for the second time to obtain the conductive material dispersion liquid.
Preferably, the dispersing agent comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass of the dispersing agent is 10-20% of that of the conductive material;
the first mixing is carried out under the condition of stirring, the rotating speed of the stirring is 400-600 rpm, and the time is 10-20 min;
the second mixing is carried out under the condition of ultrasonic, and the ultrasonic time is 10-20 min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing biomass and alkali liquor, and performing liquid phase reaction to obtain reaction feed liquid;
centrifuging the reaction feed liquid to obtain an upper layer liquid, namely the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid;
the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-1 mol/L;
the mass ratio of the biomass to the alkali liquor is 5:8, 8;
the temperature of the liquid phase reaction is 50-80 ℃ and the time is 40-60 min;
the rotational speed of the centrifugation is 4000-5000 rpm, and the time is 10min.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the foam skeleton type composite material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing an inorganic gel material, mineral fibers, a conductive material dispersion liquid, water, a nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and a pore-forming agent dispersion liquid to obtain mortar;
and after the mortar is cured and molded, sequentially performing first curing, demolding and second curing to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material.
The invention also provides the application of the foam skeleton type composite material in sewage treatment, which is prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method.
The invention provides a foam skeleton type composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 140-160 parts of inorganic gel material, 20-40 parts of conductive material dispersion liquid, 10-20 parts of mineral fiber, 30-70 parts of water, 5-8 parts of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid; the concentration of the conductive material dispersion liquid is 0.25-0.4 g/mL; the concentration of the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid is 5-8 mg/mL; the concentration of the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid is 10-15 wt%.
Compared with the traditional metal-based electrode material, the preparation method has the advantages that the cost is lower, the mechanical property is more excellent, the cost is reduced, and the stability of the material is improved; by adding the pore-forming agent, a pore structure can be generated in the matrix, so that the effective contact area between the composite material and pollutants is increased, more exposed points are provided for active substances, and the chemical activity of the composite material is increased; the active nano carbon dots are doped in the composite material, so that the composite material has the capability of catalyzing electrochemical oxidation of halogenated hydrocarbon, and the removal efficiency of halogenated hydrocarbon pollutants in water can be further improved. The composite material obtained by the invention not only has excellent mechanical property and durability, but also has more excellent electrochemical property, and has wide development prospect in the field of halogenated hydrocarbon-containing sewage treatment.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the foam skeleton type composite material, which comprises the following steps: mixing an inorganic gel material, mineral fibers, a conductive material dispersion liquid, water, a nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and a pore-forming agent dispersion liquid to obtain mortar; and after the mortar is cured and molded, sequentially performing first curing, demolding and second curing to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple working procedures, simplicity in operation, high production efficiency and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a foam skeleton type composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
140-160 parts of inorganic gel material, 20-40 parts of conductive material dispersion liquid, 10-20 parts of mineral fiber, 30-70 parts of water, 5-8 parts of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid;
the concentration of the conductive material dispersion liquid is 0.25-0.4 g/mL;
the concentration of the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid is 5-8 mg/mL;
the concentration of the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid is 10-15 wt%.
In the present invention, all components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless specified otherwise.
The preparation raw materials of the foam skeleton type composite material provided by the invention comprise 140-160 parts by weight of inorganic gel material, more preferably 145-155 parts by weight, and even more preferably 150 parts by weight. In the present invention, the inorganic gel material preferably includes portland cement.
Based on the weight parts of the inorganic gel material, the preparation raw materials of the foam skeleton type composite material provided by the invention comprise 20-40 parts of conductive material dispersion liquid, more preferably 25-38 parts, and even more preferably 30-35 parts. In the present invention, the concentration of the conductive material dispersion is 0.25 to 0.4g/mL. In the present invention, the solvent in the conductive material dispersion is preferably water, and the mass of the water is preferably 2/5 to 5/7 of the mass of the water in the raw material for preparing the foam skeleton type composite material.
In the present invention, the conductive material in the conductive material dispersion preferably includes metal fibers, and the metal fibers further preferably include one or more of iron fibers, aluminum fibers, and copper fibers; the length of the metal fiber is preferably 3 to 5mm, and the diameter is preferably 8 to 13 μm. According to the invention, by adding the metal fibers with proper length, the dispersibility is good, and the metal fibers are distributed in the composite material to form a coherent conductive network, so that the conductivity of the composite material is improved; meanwhile, the mechanical property and corrosion resistance of the composite material can be further improved.
In the present invention, the preparation of the conductive material dispersion preferably includes: firstly mixing a conductive material and water to obtain a first dispersion liquid; and (3) mixing the first dispersion liquid with a dispersing agent for the second time to obtain the conductive material dispersion liquid.
In the present invention, the dispersant preferably includes polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass of the dispersant is preferably 10 to 20% of the conductive material, and more preferably 12 to 15%. In the present invention, the first mixing is preferably performed under stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 400 to 600rpm, and the time is preferably 10 to 20 minutes. In the present invention, the second mixing is preferably performed under ultrasonic conditions, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is preferably 10 to 20 minutes.
The preparation raw materials of the foam skeleton type composite material provided by the invention comprise 10-20 parts of mineral fibers, more preferably 12-18 parts, and even more preferably 15-16 parts by weight of inorganic gel materials. In the present invention, the mineral fibers preferably include basalt fibers; the basalt fiber is preferably 3-5 mm in length and 8-13 mu m in diameter.
Based on the weight parts of the inorganic gel material, the preparation raw materials of the foam skeleton type composite material provided by the invention comprise 30-70 parts of water, more preferably 40-60 parts, and even more preferably 45-50 parts.
Based on the weight parts of the inorganic gel material, the preparation raw materials of the foam skeleton type composite material provided by the invention comprise 5-8 parts of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid, and more preferably 6-7 parts. In the invention, the concentration of the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid is 5-8 mg/mL. In the present invention, the solvent of the nano carbon dot dispersion is preferably water.
In the present invention, the preparation of the nano carbon dot dispersion preferably includes: and placing the two pieces of biomass charcoal in a liquid electrolyte for electrochemical stripping.
In the present invention, the liquid electrolyte preferably includes water; the dosage ratio of each biomass charcoal to the liquid electrolyte is preferably 50g: 700-1500 mL. In the present invention, the conditions for electrochemical stripping preferably include: the distance between the two biomass charcoal blocks is 3-8 cm; the voltage is 4-8V, and the current density is 0.8-1.2 mA/cm 2 The time is 4-6 days.
After electrochemical stripping, the invention also preferably comprises the steps of filtering and centrifuging the obtained feed liquid, and obtaining the supernatant liquid after centrifugation, namely the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid. In the present invention, the rotational speed of the centrifugation is preferably 4000 to 5000rpm, and the time is preferably 10 to 15 minutes.
Based on the weight parts of the inorganic gel material, the preparation raw materials of the foam skeleton type composite material provided by the invention comprise 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid, more preferably 12-18 parts, and even more preferably 15-16 parts. In the present invention, the concentration of the pore-forming agent dispersion is 10 to 15wt%. In the present invention, the solvent in the pore-former dispersion is preferably water.
In the present invention, the method for preparing the pore-forming agent dispersion preferably comprises: mixing biomass and alkali liquor, and performing liquid phase reaction to obtain reaction feed liquid; and centrifuging the reaction feed liquid to obtain an upper layer liquid, namely the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid.
In the present invention, the biomass preferably includes domestic sludge and/or soybean meal. The invention also preferably includes a pretreatment of the biomass prior to the mixing, the pretreatment preferably including disruption and dewatering. In the present invention, the lye preferably comprises NaOH solution; the concentration of the alkali liquor is preferably 0.5-1 mol/L. In the invention, the mass ratio of the biomass to the alkali liquor is preferably 5:8. in the present invention, the temperature of the liquid phase reaction is preferably 50 to 80℃and the time is preferably 40 to 60 minutes. In the present invention, the rotational speed of the centrifugation is preferably 4000 to 5000rpm, and the time is preferably 10 minutes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the foam skeleton type composite material, which comprises the following steps:
mixing an inorganic gel material, mineral fibers, a conductive material dispersion liquid, water, a nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and a pore-forming agent dispersion liquid to obtain mortar;
and after the mortar is cured and molded, sequentially performing first curing, demolding and second curing to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material.
The mixing process is not particularly limited, and the raw materials may be uniformly mixed by a method well known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the curing and molding process preferably includes: and placing the mortar in a die, and compacting and trowelling after extrusion molding. In the present invention, the temperature of the first curing is preferably 22 to 28 ℃, the humidity is preferably 85 to 90%, and the time is preferably 8 to 28 hours. In the present invention, the temperature of the second curing is preferably 22 to 28 ℃, the humidity is preferably 85 to 90%, and the time is preferably 28d.
The invention also provides the application of the foam skeleton type composite material in sewage treatment, which is prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided to describe in detail a foam skeleton type composite material, its preparation method and application, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Placing two pieces of biomass charcoal 50g in 700mL water, wherein the distance between the two pieces of biomass charcoal is 5cm, and the voltage is 6V and the current density is 1mA/cm 2 Electrochemical stripping is carried out under the condition of (2) for 5 days; filtering the obtained uniform dark yellow solution, centrifuging for 15min at a rotation speed of 5000, and taking the upper solution as nano carbon dot dispersion liquid with the concentration of 8mg/mL;
60g of aluminum fibers are added into 180mL of water and stirred for 10min at 500 rpm; after uniform dispersion, adding 10g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min to obtain a fiber dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.33 g/mL;
after the sludge is taken for crushing and dehydration pretreatment, the ratio of 5:8, mixing the liquid-solid ratio with a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, then carrying out liquid phase reaction at 50 ℃ for 40min, centrifuging the obtained feed liquid in a centrifuge at a rotation speed of 5000rpm for 10min, and removing the precipitate to obtain supernatant, namely pore-forming agent dispersion liquid with the concentration of 10wt%;
600g of Portland cement, 180mL of fiber dispersion liquid, 100mL of water, 25mL of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 60mL of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid are added into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred, so as to obtain mortar;
filling the obtained mortar into a mould, compacting and trowelling after extrusion molding, putting the mould into a constant temperature and constant humidity cement curing box, curing for 15 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 90%, demoulding, and continuously curing for 28 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 90% after demoulding to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material.
Performance testing
Pouring part of the slurry before curing into a cement paste mold with the thickness of 40mm multiplied by 20mm to prepare a test resistivity module, and inserting brass sheets with the thickness of 25mm multiplied by 30mm multiplied by 1mm into two sides of the cement paste mold to serve as electrodes, wherein the two brass sheets are kept parallel and the distance between the brass sheets is maintained to be 20mm. After demoulding, the resistance of the conductive concrete is measured by a two-electrode method, an MS-603D type direct current stabilized power supply is used for connecting two electrodes, and the resistance of a sample is measured by 10V voltage. The resistivity ρ of the sample is calculated by equation 1:
ρ＝UA/IL(1)
u is the voltage applied by the power supply to the specimen, I is the current through the specimen, A is the cross-sectional area of the specimen, and L is the distance between the two electrodes. The experimental result shows that the foam skeleton type composite material prepared under the condition is 0.220 Ω & m.
Then, a part of the slurry before curing was poured into two cement paste molds of 150mm×100mm×3mm to prepare functional material modules, and a brass sheet of 25mm×30mm×1mm was inserted, respectively. After demoulding, the electrode material is used as a subsequent electrode material, the electrode material is placed into an electrolytic cell, an MS-603D type direct current stabilized power supply is used for connecting two functional material modules, 6V voltage is applied to treat sewage containing 1, 2-dichloroethane (the initial concentration of the 1, 2-dichloroethane in the sewage is 200 mg/L), and after 2 hours, the initial concentration of the 1, 2-dichloroethane after treatment is measured as follows: 73.90mg/L, the removal rate was 63.05%.
Example 2
Placing two pieces of biomass charcoal 50g in 700mL water, wherein the distance between the two pieces of biomass charcoal is 5cm, and the voltage is 6V and the current density is 1mA/cm 2 Under the condition of (2)Electrochemical stripping is carried out, and stripping is continued for 5 days; filtering the obtained uniform dark yellow solution, centrifuging for 15min at a rotation speed of 5000, and taking the upper solution as nano carbon dot dispersion liquid with the concentration of 8mg/mL;
50g of aluminum fibers are added into 180mL of water and stirred for 10min at 500 rpm; after uniform dispersion, adding 10g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min to obtain a fiber dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.27 g/mL;
crushing and dehydrating the soybean meal, and then mixing the soybean meal with 5:8, mixing the liquid-solid ratio with a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, then carrying out liquid phase reaction at 50 ℃ for 40min, centrifuging the obtained feed liquid in a centrifuge at a rotation speed of 5000rpm for 10min, and removing the precipitate to obtain supernatant, namely pore-forming agent dispersion liquid with the concentration of 10wt%;
600g of Portland cement, 180mL of fiber dispersion liquid, 100mL of water, 30mL of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 70mL of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid are added into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred, so as to obtain mortar;
filling the obtained mortar into a mould, compacting and trowelling after extrusion molding, putting the mould into a constant temperature and constant humidity cement curing box, curing for 20 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 90%, demoulding, and continuously curing for 28 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 90% after demoulding to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material.
Performance testing
And pouring part of the slurry before curing into a mold with the thickness of 40mm multiplied by 20mm to prepare a test resistivity module, and inserting brass sheets with the thickness of 25mm multiplied by 30mm multiplied by 1mm into the two sides of the test resistivity module to serve as electrodes, wherein the two brass sheets are kept parallel and the distance between the brass sheets is maintained to be 20mm. After demoulding, the resistance of the conductive concrete is measured by a two-electrode method, an MS-603D type direct current stabilized power supply is used for connecting two electrodes, and the resistance of a sample is measured by 10V voltage. The resistivity ρ of the sample is calculated by equation 1:
ρ＝UA/IL (1)
u is the voltage applied by the power supply to the specimen, I is the current through the specimen, A is the cross-sectional area of the specimen, and L is the distance between the two electrodes. The experimental result shows that the electrical conductivity of the foam skeleton type composite material prepared under the condition is 0.389Ω·m.
Then, a part of the slurry before curing was poured into two 150mm×100mm×3mm molds to prepare functional material modules, and a brass sheet of 25mm×30mm×1mm was inserted, respectively. After demoulding, the electrode material is used as a subsequent electrode material, the electrode material is placed into an electrolytic cell, an MS-603D type direct current stabilized power supply is used for connecting two functional material modules, 6V voltage is applied to treat sewage containing 1, 2-dichloroethane (the initial concentration of the 1, 2-dichloroethane in the sewage is 200 mg/L), and after 2 hours, the initial concentration of the 1, 2-dichloroethane after treatment is measured as follows: 84.56mg/L, the removal rate was 57.72%.
Example 3
Placing two pieces of biomass charcoal 50g into 1500mL water, wherein the distance between the two pieces of biomass charcoal is 5cm, and the voltage is 8V and the current density is 1.2mA/cm 2 Electrochemical stripping is carried out under the condition of (2) for 5 days; filtering the obtained uniform dark yellow solution, centrifuging for 15min at a rotation speed of 5000, and taking the upper solution as nano carbon dot dispersion liquid with a concentration of 5mg/mL;
60g of steel fibers are added into 180mL of water and stirred for 10min at a rotation speed of 500 rpm; after uniform dispersion, adding 10g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min to obtain a fiber dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.33 g/mL;
crushing and dehydrating the soybean meal, and then mixing the soybean meal with 5:8, mixing the liquid-solid ratio with sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.8mol/L, then carrying out liquid phase reaction at 50 ℃ for 40min, centrifuging the obtained feed liquid in a centrifuge at the rotating speed of 4000rpm for 15min, and removing the precipitate, wherein the obtained supernatant is pore-forming agent dispersion liquid with the concentration of 10wt%;
600g of Portland cement, 180mL of fiber dispersion liquid, 100mL of water, 25mL of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 60mL of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid are added into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred, so as to obtain mortar;
filling the obtained mortar into a mould, compacting and trowelling after extrusion molding, putting the mould into a constant temperature and humidity cement curing box, curing for 8 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 85%, demoulding, and continuously curing for 28 days at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 85% after demoulding to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material.
Performance testing
And pouring part of the slurry before curing into a mold with the thickness of 40mm multiplied by 20mm to prepare a test resistivity module, and inserting brass sheets with the thickness of 25mm multiplied by 30mm multiplied by 1mm into the two sides of the test resistivity module to serve as electrodes, wherein the two brass sheets are kept parallel and the distance between the brass sheets is maintained to be 20mm. After demoulding, the resistance of the conductive concrete is measured by a two-electrode method, an MS-603D type direct current stabilized power supply is used for connecting two electrodes, and the resistance of a sample is measured by 10V voltage. The resistivity ρ of the sample is calculated by equation 1:
ρ＝UA/IL (1)
u is the voltage applied by the power supply to the specimen, I is the current through the specimen, A is the cross-sectional area of the specimen, and L is the distance between the two electrodes. The experimental result shows that the foam skeleton type composite material prepared under the condition is 0.220 Ω & m.
Then, a part of the slurry before curing was poured into two cement paste molds of 150mm×100mm×3mm to prepare functional material modules, and a brass sheet of 25mm×30mm×1mm was inserted, respectively. After the sample is cured, demolding and then using the sample as a subsequent electrode material, placing the electrode material into an electrolytic cell, connecting two functional material modules by using an MS-603D type direct current stabilized power supply, treating sewage containing 1, 2-dichloroethane by 6V voltage (the initial concentration of the 1, 2-dichloroethane in the sewage is 200 mg/L), and measuring the initial concentration of the 1, 2-dichloroethane after 2 hours: 77.54mg/L, the removal rate was 61.23%.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all embodiments of the invention, other embodiments may be obtained according to the present embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The foam skeleton type composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
140-160 parts of inorganic gel material, 20-40 parts of conductive material dispersion liquid, 10-20 parts of mineral fiber, 30-70 parts of water, 5-8 parts of nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and 10-20 parts of pore-forming agent dispersion liquid;
the concentration of the conductive material dispersion liquid is 0.25-0.4 g/mL;
the concentration of the nano carbon dot dispersion liquid is 5-8 mg/mL;
the concentration of the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid is 10-15 wt%.
2. The foam scaffold composite of claim 1 wherein the inorganic gel material comprises portland cement.
3. The foam scaffold composite of claim 1 wherein the conductive material in the conductive material dispersion comprises metal fibers;
the length of the metal fiber is 3-5 mm, and the diameter is 8-13 mu m.
4. The foam skeletal composite of claim 1, wherein said mineral fibers comprise basalt fibers; the length of the basalt fiber is 3-5 mm, and the diameter is 8-13 mu m.
5. The foam scaffold composite of claim 1, wherein the preparation of the nano carbon dot dispersion comprises:
placing the two pieces of biomass charcoal in a liquid electrolyte for electrochemical stripping;
the liquid electrolyte comprises water;
the dosage ratio of each biomass charcoal to the liquid electrolyte is 50g: 700-1500 mL;
the electrochemical stripping conditions include: the distance between the two biomass charcoal blocks is 3-8 cm; the voltage is 4-8V, and the current density is 0.8-1.2 mA/cm 2 The time is 4-6 days.
6. The foam scaffold composite of claim 1, wherein the preparation of the conductive material dispersion comprises:
firstly mixing a conductive material and water to obtain a first dispersion liquid;
and (3) mixing the first dispersion liquid with a dispersing agent for the second time to obtain the conductive material dispersion liquid.
7. The foam skeleton type composite material of claim 6, wherein the dispersant comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the dispersant has a mass of 10-20% of the conductive material;
the first mixing is carried out under the condition of stirring, the rotating speed of the stirring is 400-600 rpm, and the time is 10-20 min;
the second mixing is carried out under the condition of ultrasonic, and the ultrasonic time is 10-20 min.
8. The foam scaffold composite of claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the pore former dispersion comprises:
mixing biomass and alkali liquor, and performing liquid phase reaction to obtain reaction feed liquid;
centrifuging the reaction feed liquid to obtain an upper layer liquid, namely the pore-forming agent dispersion liquid;
the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-1 mol/L;
the mass ratio of the biomass to the alkali liquor is 5:8, 8;
the temperature of the liquid phase reaction is 50-80 ℃ and the time is 40-60 min;
the rotational speed of the centrifugation is 4000-5000 rpm, and the time is 10min.
9. The method for preparing the foam skeleton type composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
mixing an inorganic gel material, mineral fibers, a conductive material dispersion liquid, water, a nano carbon dot dispersion liquid and a pore-forming agent dispersion liquid to obtain mortar;
and after the mortar is cured and molded, sequentially performing first curing, demolding and second curing to obtain the foam skeleton type composite material.
10. Use of the foam skeleton-type composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the foam skeleton-type composite material produced by the production method according to claim 9 in sewage treatment.
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