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CN119057607A - Ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method for in-situ monitoring and compensation of stepped shaft grinding - Google Patents
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CN119057607A - Ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method for in-situ monitoring and compensation of stepped shaft grinding - Google Patents

Ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method for in-situ monitoring and compensation of stepped shaft grinding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119057607A
CN119057607A CN202411288645.XA CN202411288645A CN119057607A CN 119057607 A CN119057607 A CN 119057607A CN 202411288645 A CN202411288645 A CN 202411288645A CN 119057607 A CN119057607 A CN 119057607A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
grinding
stepped shaft
shaft
brush
grinding wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202411288645.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李娟�
梁志强
李学志
王飞
许锦霞
魏正义
余挺涛
黄捷音
赵安赞
刘月红
李泽坤
张淑滢
杜宇超
郭琳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Institute of Technology BIT, Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Priority to CN202411288645.XA priority Critical patent/CN119057607A/en
Publication of CN119057607A publication Critical patent/CN119057607A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of metal, e.g. skate blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/22—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/003—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving acoustic means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device and a method, which relate to the technical field of machining dimensional precision control and comprise a machine body; the grinding assembly is arranged on one side of the stepped shaft and comprises a plurality of grinding wheels which are coaxially arranged and have different granularity, the grinding wheels are connected with a grinding wheel motor through a grinding wheel shaft in a transmission manner, the monitoring assembly is used for detecting diameter information of the stepped shaft and controlling grinding depth of the grinding assembly according to the diameter information, the ultrasonic assembly is used for carrying out ultrasonic polishing on the step position of the stepped shaft, and the brush assembly can remove burrs at the chamfering position of the stepped shaft. According to the stepped shaft processing method, grinding wheel combinations with different granularities are adopted to sequentially grind the stepped shaft, and ultrasonic polishing and deburring at the chamfer positions are carried out on the stepped shaft, so that the precision of the stepped shaft is ensured, and the dimensional precision and the form and position tolerance of the stepped shaft are accurately controlled.

Description

Stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining dimensional accuracy control, in particular to a stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method.
Background
The shaft and hole parts are used as important components for assembling the hydraulic valve, and the precise matching of the shaft and the hole is usually designed and manufactured in a basic hole mode. The slender inclined holes and the crossed holes in the valve body are often accompanied with burrs, the roughness of the hole wall is poor, under the condition of meeting the lower precision of the inner hole, the improvement of the manufacturing precision of shaft parts matched with the holes becomes a key for design and manufacture, the precision is one level higher than that of the holes, the shaft parts represented by the stepped shafts face the problem of coaxiality in the manufacturing process, the poor manufacturing precision of the stepped shafts can lead to the fact that the holes and the shafts cannot be in correct clearance fit, the shafts are blocked in the holes, and finally the hydraulic valve cannot work normally.
The one-time precision forming of the stepped shaft can improve the form and position tolerance of the stepped shaft, reduce the generation of rejection rate, improve the precision of shaft and hole matching and avoid the problem of sudden clamping stagnation of the shaft in the hole in the working process. In the prior art, the processing of the stepped shaft only adopts a grinding wheel with higher granularity, and the precision control of the stepped shaft is realized by utilizing small-size abrasive particles, so that the precision of the stepped shaft after grinding cannot be ensured without considering the combination of various grinding wheels.
Therefore, there is a need for a device and a method for in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing of stepped shaft grinding to solve the above problems, ensure the precision of the stepped shaft, and realize the precise control of the dimensional precision and the form and position tolerance of the stepped shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-site monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method for grinding a stepped shaft, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, sequentially grinding the stepped shaft by adopting grinding wheel combinations with different granularities, ensuring the precision of the stepped shaft by carrying out ultrasonic finishing and deburring at a chamfer angle on the stepped shaft, and realizing the precise control of the dimensional precision and the form and position tolerance of the stepped shaft.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides a stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device, which comprises:
A body;
the stepped shaft positioning assembly is used for installing the stepped shaft and can drive the stepped shaft to rotate;
The grinding assembly is arranged on one side of the stepped shaft and comprises a plurality of grinding wheels which are coaxially arranged and have different granularity, and the grinding wheels are connected with a grinding wheel motor through a grinding wheel shaft in a transmission way;
the monitoring component can be used for in-situ monitoring in the grinding process of the stepped shaft, detecting the diameter information of the stepped shaft, controlling the grinding depth of the grinding component according to the diameter information, and realizing size compensation in the grinding process of the stepped shaft;
The ultrasonic assembly is used for carrying out ultrasonic rolling finishing on the step position of the stepped shaft, and an ultrasonic device of the ultrasonic assembly is connected with the cylindrical rolling head and can generate 1 mu m amplitude to carry out ultrasonic rolling finishing on the stepped shaft;
And a brush assembly capable of removing burrs at the chamfer positions of the stepped shaft.
Optionally, a moving device is arranged on the machine body, the moving device can horizontally and axially move on the machine body, and the grinding assembly, the monitoring assembly, the ultrasonic assembly and the hairbrush assembly are respectively arranged on the moving device.
Optionally, the mobile device includes the carriage box, the slide rail has been seted up at the fuselage top, the carriage box slip set up in on the slide rail, carriage box one side is connected with drive arrangement, drive arrangement is used for the drive the carriage box is followed the slide rail horizontal slip.
Optionally, the drive arrangement including the activity set up in the lead screw of fuselage one side, lead screw one end transmission is connected with the motor, be equipped with screw nut on the lead screw, the through-hole that the internal diameter is greater than the lead screw external diameter is seted up to carriage one side, the lead screw wears to locate in the through-hole, just screw nut with through-hole inner wall fixed connection.
Optionally, the stepped shaft positioning assembly comprises a left tip support and a right tip support which are fixedly arranged on the machine body, a right tip is fixedly arranged on the right tip support and is used for being fixedly abutted with one end of the stepped shaft, a left tip module is arranged on the left tip support, one end of the left tip module is used for being abutted with one end, far away from the right tip, of the stepped shaft, and the other end of the left tip module is connected with a transmission module which can drive the left tip module to drive the stepped shaft to rotate.
Optionally, the top module in the left side including fixed set up in top in the top on the top support in the left side, the shaft hole has been seted up to top in the left side one end, the other end seted up with the toper ladder hole of shaft hole intercommunication, the activity wears to be equipped with hydraulic push rod in the shaft hole, hydraulic push rod one end is connected with transmission module, the other end passes through spline fixedly connected with cone top, cone top module outside symmetry is equipped with two toper card points, the inboard cone groove of toper card point with the toper lateral wall sliding contact of cone top, the toper card point end is located in the shaft hole of ladder axle one end, the cone top is to being close to ladder axle one side and remove, can promote the toper card point outwards to do radial movement, and then chucking ladder axle's shaft hole.
Optionally, the transmission module includes the pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic push rod one end with the pneumatic cylinder passes through the bearing and connects, the one end that hydraulic push rod is close to the pneumatic cylinder is connected with the push rod motor through closed belt transmission, the push rod motor can drive hydraulic push rod rotates, the pneumatic cylinder can drive hydraulic push rod follows axial horizontal migration. The bearing is a sliding bearing, the sliding bearing shell is embedded in the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic push rod can rotate and can be slidably arranged in an inner hole of the sliding bearing, the hydraulic push rod can rotate in the sliding bearing or axially move in the sliding bearing, the hydraulic push rod is pushed to slide outwards by the hydraulic cylinder, and meanwhile, the hydraulic push rod is driven by the push rod motor to drive the belt to rotate. The connection transmission mode is not particularly limited, other structures can be adopted except for adopting a bearing, for example, in other embodiments, a piston is arranged in a hydraulic cylinder, one end of the piston is fixedly connected with a hydraulic push rod, the hydraulic push rod penetrates through an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve is arranged outside the inner sleeve, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can rotate relatively, the outer sleeve is fixed at the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder, an axial strip-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the inner sleeve, the axial strip-shaped groove enables the hydraulic push rod to be circumferentially limited, but the axial direction is not limited, a hydraulic oil driving piston in the hydraulic cylinder drives the hydraulic push rod to axially move in the inner sleeve along the axial strip-shaped groove, and a push rod motor driving belt drives the hydraulic push rod and the inner sleeve to rotate relative to the outer sleeve, so that the functions can be realized.
Optionally, the grinding assembly comprises a grinding wheel mounting frame fixedly connected with the slide carriage box, a grinding wheel sliding block is slidably arranged on the grinding wheel mounting frame, a grinding wheel support is fixedly arranged on one side, close to the stepped shaft, of the grinding wheel sliding block, a grinding wheel shaft penetrates through the two grinding wheel supports, a plurality of grinding wheels with different granularity are sleeved on the grinding wheel shaft, the grinding wheel motor is arranged on the outer side of the grinding wheel support, the grinding wheel sliding block can radially move along the stepped shaft, the ultrasonic assembly comprises ultrasonic equipment arranged on the slide carriage box, a control box is externally connected with the ultrasonic equipment, the monitoring assembly comprises a projection device arranged above the stepped shaft, a projection plate is arranged on the slide carriage box, a limiting grating is arranged on the projection plate, and the projection device can project the diameter of the stepped shaft to the position of the limiting grating and transmit the projected diameter information of the stepped shaft to the control box through the limiting grating.
Optionally, the brush assembly comprises a brush support vertically arranged on the slide carriage box, a brush slide way is arranged on the inner side of the brush support, a brush connecting rod is arranged in the brush slide way in a sliding mode, the brush connecting rod is connected with a connecting rod oil cylinder, the connecting rod oil cylinder is used for driving the brush connecting rod to slide up and down in the slide way, a brush is arranged at the tail end of the brush connecting rod, the brush is in transmission connection with a brush motor, the brush motor is used for driving the brush to rotate, the tip of the brush is of a triangle structure, and the triangle bevel edge of the tip of the brush is consistent with the bevel edge size and shape of the step shaft chamfer.
The invention also provides a stepped shaft processing method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, fixing a stepped shaft above a slide carriage box by adopting a stepped shaft positioning assembly;
step two, controlling the grinding wheel sliding block to radially move to a set cutting depth, and grinding the stepped shaft to the set cutting depth through the grinding wheels with different granularities, wherein the slide carriage box drives the grinding wheel to axially move to different positions for grinding the stepped shaft;
Thirdly, projecting the diameter of the stepped shaft to a limit grating by the monitoring component, transmitting the projected diameter information of the stepped shaft to the control box through the limit grating, controlling the grinding depth of the next grinding wheel by the control box, and if the diameter is still larger than the preset size, controlling the grinding wheel to continuously grind the stepped shaft until the diameter reaches the preset diameter, and starting an ultrasonic finishing process, wherein the ultrasonic amplitude emitted by the ultrasonic component is 1 mu m, and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic finishing on the stepped shaft;
And step four, the brush motor rotates to drive the brush to rotate, the tip end of the brush carries out a deburring process on the chamfering position of the stepped shaft, the quantity of the brush is consistent with that of the chamfering, and the deburring process is completed at one time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the invention, through the form of matching of grinding wheels of various different materials and the real-time feedback compensation of the monitoring assembly on the dimensional accuracy and coaxiality of a plurality of stepped shafts, the stepped shafts are ground layer by controlling the grinding wheels through the control box, and when the diameter and the design size of the stepped shafts are 1 mu m, the control box starts the ultrasonic assembly to finish the stepped shafts. The final hairbrush is used for deburring the chamfer of the stepped shaft, so that the dimensional accuracy and the form and position tolerance of the stepped shaft are accurately controlled.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the left center of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the conical clip according to the present invention;
In the figure, the device comprises a 1-sliding rail, a 2-hydraulic cylinder, a 3-hydraulic push rod, a 4-left center, a 5-left center support, a 6-conical clamping point, a 601-conical groove, a 7-brush motor, an 8-brush slide way, a 9-brush support, a 10-brush, an 11-grinding wheel sliding block, a 12-grinding wheel support, a 13-common grinding wheel, a 14-PCBN grinding wheel, a 15-AL 2O3 microcrystalline grinding wheel, a 16-grinding wheel motor, a 17-right center, a 18-limiting block, a 19-stepped shaft, a 20-projection device, a 21-control box, a 22-limiting grating, a 23-projection plate, a 24-ultrasonic assembly, a 25-slide carriage box, a 26-lead screw, a 27-machine body, a 28-belt, a 29-motor, a 30-bearing, a 31-spline and a 32-conical top.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an on-site monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method for grinding a stepped shaft, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, sequentially grinding the stepped shaft by adopting grinding wheel combinations with different granularities, ensuring the precision of the stepped shaft by carrying out ultrasonic finishing and deburring at a chamfer angle on the stepped shaft, and realizing the precise control of the dimensional precision and the form and position tolerance of the stepped shaft.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device, which is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 and comprises a machine body 27 fixedly arranged; the machine body 27 is provided with a stepped shaft 19 positioning component used for installing the stepped shaft 19 and capable of driving the stepped shaft 19 to rotate, the grinding component is arranged on one side of the stepped shaft 19 and comprises a plurality of grinding wheels which are coaxially arranged and have different granularity, the three grinding wheels are adopted in the embodiment, the grinding wheels are a common grinding wheel 13, a PCBN grinding wheel 14 and an AL 2O3 microcrystalline grinding wheel 15, the granularity of the grinding wheels is sequentially increased, the grinding wheels are connected with a grinding wheel motor 16 through a grinding wheel shaft in a transmission mode, the monitoring component is used for detecting diameter information of the stepped shaft 19 and transmitting the diameter information to the control box 21, the control box 21 is used for controlling the grinding depth of the grinding component accordingly, the monitoring component sequentially monitors the stepped shafts 19 while the stepped shaft 19 rotates, coaxiality of the stepped shafts 19 can be calculated, the monitoring component moves back and forth along with the slide carriage box 25, grinding accuracy of the stepped shaft 19 by the grinding wheels can be monitored, in order of the grinding wheel 19 after ultrasonic rolling can be monitored, in-place monitoring function of the stepped shaft 19 is achieved, the ultrasonic component 24 is used for carrying out ultrasonic polishing on the stepped position of the stepped shaft 19, and the brush component can remove burrs at the chamfer position of the stepped shaft 19.
In order to realize grinding the different positions of the stepped shaft 19, the sliding rail 1 is arranged at the top of the machine body 27, the slide carriage box 25 is slidably arranged on the sliding rail 1, one side of the slide carriage box 25 is connected with a driving device, the driving device is used for driving the slide carriage box 25 to horizontally slide along the sliding rail 1, and the grinding assembly, the monitoring assembly, the ultrasonic assembly 24 and the brush assembly are respectively arranged on the slide carriage box 25, so that axial movement can be carried out.
In one embodiment, the driving device adopts a screw rod 26 movably arranged on one side of the machine body 27, one end of the screw rod 26 is in transmission connection with a motor 29 through a closed belt 28, a screw rod nut is arranged on the screw rod 26, a through hole with the inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the screw rod 26 is formed in one side of the slide carriage box 25, the screw rod 26 is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner, the screw rod nut is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the through hole, the motor 29 drives the screw rod 26 to rotate, and then the screw rod nut drives the slide carriage box 25 to horizontally move along the axis of the screw rod 26. In other embodiments, the screw nut may be omitted, a threaded through hole is formed on one side of the slide carriage case 25, so that the slide carriage case is directly connected with the screw 26 in a threaded manner, the motor 29 drives the screw 26 to horizontally rotate in situ, and the slide carriage case 25 can be driven to horizontally move along the axial direction, so that in order to avoid the overlarge moving distance of the slide carriage case 25, limiting blocks 18 are arranged at two ends of the machine body 27, and the limiting positions of the two ends of the slide carriage case 25 can be respectively limited. The driving device is not particularly limited, and in other embodiments, a horizontally arranged oil cylinder structure may be further adopted, and the slide carriage 25 may be driven to move horizontally along the slide rail 1 by the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder.
In order to fix the stepped shaft 19 and facilitate replacement of different stepped shafts 19, the positioning assembly of the stepped shaft 19 of the embodiment adopts a tip structure to position two ends of the stepped shaft 19, a left tip bracket 5 and a right tip bracket are fixedly arranged on a machine body 27, a right tip 17 which is horizontally arranged is fixedly arranged on the right tip bracket, and the right tip 17 is used for fixedly abutting against one end of the stepped shaft 19; the left center support 5 is provided with a left center 4, one end of the left center 4 is provided with a shaft hole, the other end of the left center 4 is provided with a conical stepped hole communicated with the shaft hole, the inside of the shaft hole is movably penetrated with a hydraulic push rod 3, one end of the hydraulic push rod 3 is connected with a hydraulic cylinder 2 through a bearing 30, one end of the hydraulic push rod 3 close to the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected with a push rod motor through a closed belt transmission, a push rod motor can drive the hydraulic push rod 3 to rotate, the hydraulic cylinder 2 can drive the hydraulic push rod 3 to move horizontally along the axial direction, the other end of the hydraulic push rod 3 is fixedly connected with a conical top 32 through a spline 31, two conical clamping points 6 are symmetrically arranged outside the conical top 32 module, the outer side wall of the conical clamping point 6 is of a planar structure, the inside wall of the conical clamping point 6 is of an inclined surface structure, a conical groove 601 is formed in the inside of the inclined surface structure of the conical clamping point 6, the conical groove 601 is in sliding contact with the conical side wall of the conical clamping point 32, the inclined surface structure of the inside of the conical clamping point 6 is the same as the inclined direction of the inclined surface structure of the outer wall of the conical point 32, the end of the conical clamping point is gradually inclined downwards from one end close to the stepped shaft 19, which is close to the end of the hydraulic cylinder 2, the conical clamping point 6 is positioned in the axial hole 19, the axial hole is positioned at one end of the stepped shaft 2, the end of the conical clamping point 2 is driven by the conical clamping point 3 is driven to move horizontally between the conical clamping points 3 and the conical point 3 and the conical clamping point 4 to move gradually towards one side of the conical point 3 inside of the conical clamping point 3 inside between the conical point 6, and can promote toper card point 6 outwards to do radial movement for two toper card point 6 outer walls closely laminate with the shaft hole inner wall of step shaft 19 one end, and then chucking step shaft 19's shaft hole makes step shaft 19 be fixed in between the top 4 of left side and the top 17. When the push rod motor drives the hydraulic push rod 3 to rotate, the hydraulic push rod 3 drives the cone top 32, the cone-shaped clamping tip 6 and the stepped shaft 19 to synchronously rotate, so that the side surfaces of different positions of the stepped shaft 19 can be ground conveniently.
The grinding assembly of the embodiment comprises a grinding wheel mounting frame fixedly connected with a slide carriage box 25, a grinding wheel sliding block 11 is arranged on the grinding wheel mounting frame in a sliding manner, a grinding wheel support 12 is fixedly arranged on one side, close to a stepped shaft 19, of the grinding wheel sliding block 11, a grinding wheel shaft is arranged between the two grinding wheel supports 12 in a penetrating manner, three grinding wheels with different granularity are sleeved on the grinding wheel shaft, a grinding wheel motor 16 is arranged on the outer side of the grinding wheel support 12, the grinding wheel sliding block 11 can radially move along the stepped shaft 19, so that the grinding wheel moves along the feeding direction along the slide carriage box 25, and simultaneously, the grinding wheel sliding block 11 can also move along the depth cutting direction; the ultrasonic assembly 24 comprises ultrasonic equipment arranged on a slide carriage box 25, the ultrasonic equipment is externally connected with a control box 21, an ultrasonic tool head of the ultrasonic equipment is in a cylindrical mode, ultrasonic amplitude is 1 mu m, the control box 21 controls the ultrasonic equipment to move to a monitoring position of the last step on the slide carriage box 25 to carry out ultrasonic finishing on a plurality of steps, the monitoring assembly comprises a projection device 20 arranged above a stepped shaft 19, a projection plate 23 is arranged on the slide carriage box 25, a limit grating 22 is arranged on the projection plate 23, the projection device 20 can project the diameter of the stepped shaft 19 to the limit grating 22, the projected diameter information of the stepped shaft 19 is transmitted to the control box 21 through the limit grating 22, and the control box 21 controls the grinding depth of a grinding wheel at the next time until the preset diameter (D-1 mu m) is reached.
The brush assembly of the embodiment comprises a brush support 9 vertically arranged on a slide carriage box 25, a brush slide way 8 is arranged on the inner side of the brush support 9, a brush connecting rod is arranged in the brush slide way 8 in a sliding manner, the brush connecting rod is connected with a connecting rod oil cylinder, and the connecting rod oil cylinder is used for driving the brush connecting rod to slide up and down in the brush slide way 8; the end of the brush connecting rod is provided with the brush 10, the brush 10 is in transmission connection with the brush motor 7, the brush motor 7 is used for driving the brush 10 to rotate, the tip of the brush 10 is of a triangular structure, the triangular oblique edge of the tip of the brush 10 is consistent with the oblique edge size and shape of the chamfer of the stepped shaft 19, the deburring process is carried out on the chamfer of the stepped shaft 19, the quantity of the chamfer of the brush 10 is consistent with that of the chamfer of the stepped shaft 19, the deburring process is finished at one time, one-time precision forming of the stepped shaft 19 can be realized, the cylindricity of the stepped shaft 19 is enabled to be less than 1 mu m, and the form and position tolerance precision of shaft parts designed by basic hole manufacturing and the precision of hole shaft matching are improved.
The invention also provides a processing method of the stepped shaft 19, which comprises the following steps:
The inside hydraulic push rod 3 that has of top 4 on the left, hydraulic push rod 3 passes through bearing 30 rotatable fixing in hydraulic cylinder 2 one end, and hydraulic cylinder 2 promotes hydraulic push rod 3, is connected with the form of cross spline 31 between hydraulic push rod 3 and the conical roof 32, and hydraulic push rod 3 promotes conical roof 32 and makes toper card point 6 outwards remove along the draw-in groove, and the inside tapering of toper card point 6 is unanimous with conical roof 32 outside conicity, and toper card point 6 excircle diameter is unanimous with the hole diameter of step shaft 19 one end, realizes the hole to step shaft 19 one end and presss from both sides tightly.
The three grinding wheels are a common grinding wheel 13, a PCBN grinding wheel 14 and an AL 2O3 microcrystalline grinding wheel 15 in sequence, the granularity of the grinding wheels is increased one by one, the grinding wheels move along the feeding direction along the following slide carriage box 25, and meanwhile, the grinding wheels can also move along the cutting direction along the grinding wheel sliding block 11. The diameters of the three grinding wheels are consistent, firstly, a common grinding wheel 13 is used for grinding, then a PCBN grinding wheel 14 (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) is used for grinding, and finally an AL 2O3 microcrystalline grinding wheel 15 with the highest granularity is used for grinding.
The monitoring component projects the diameter of the stepped shaft 19 to a limit grating 22 on a projection plate 23, the projected diameter of the stepped shaft 19 is transmitted to a control box 21 through the limit grating 22, the control box 21 controls the grinding depth of the next grinding wheel, and if the diameter is still larger than a preset dimension D, the control box controls the grinding wheel to continuously grind the stepped shaft 19 until reaching a preset diameter (D-1) mu m, and an ultrasonic finishing process is started. The monitoring component monitors a plurality of stepped shafts 19 in turn while the stepped shafts 19 rotate, coaxiality of the plurality of stepped shafts 19 can be calculated, the monitoring component moves back and forth along with the slide carriage box 25, grinding accuracy of grinding wheels on the stepped shafts 19 can be monitored, accuracy of the stepped shafts 19 after ultrasonic rolling can be monitored, and in-place monitoring function of the stepped shafts 19 is achieved. When the coaxiality of the stepped shafts 19 after ultrasonic rolling is larger than 2 mu m, the stepped shafts 19 are judged to be unqualified workpieces, and the device is stopped.
The ultrasonic amplitude of the ultrasonic assembly 24 is set to be 1 μm, the plurality of stepped shafts 19 are sequentially subjected to ultrasonic finishing, the ultrasonic tool head is in a cylindrical form, the length of the cylinder is consistent with that of each stepped shaft 19, and the cylindrical tool head with smaller amplitude and equal length avoids the occurrence of cutter marks.
The brush 10 is fixed on the brush support 9, the brush 10 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the brush motor 7, the tip end of the brush 10 is designed into a triangle, the bevel edge of the triangle is consistent with the bevel edge of the chamfer angle of the stepped shaft 19 in size and shape, the control box 21 controls the connecting rod oil cylinder to drive the brush 10 to move up and down in the slideway of the brush support 9, the deburring process is carried out on the chamfer angle of the stepped shaft 19, the quantity of the chamfer angles of the brush 10 and the stepped shaft 19 is consistent, and the deburring process is completed at one time.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided herein to facilitate understanding of the principles and embodiments of the present invention and to provide further advantages and practical applications for those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1.阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：包括：1. An ultrasonic rolling finishing device for monitoring and compensating step shaft grinding in situ, characterized in that it includes: 机身；body; 阶梯轴定位组件，用于安装阶梯轴，并能够带动阶梯轴转动；The stepped shaft positioning assembly is used to install the stepped shaft and can drive the stepped shaft to rotate; 磨削组件，设置于阶梯轴一侧，包括多个同轴布置且粒度不同的砂轮，所述砂轮通过砂轮轴传动连接有砂轮电机；The grinding assembly is arranged on one side of the stepped shaft, and comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged grinding wheels with different grain sizes, wherein the grinding wheels are connected to a grinding wheel motor through a grinding wheel shaft; 监测组件，用于检测阶梯轴的直径大小信息，并据此控制磨削组件的磨削深度；A monitoring component, used to detect the diameter information of the stepped shaft and control the grinding depth of the grinding component accordingly; 超声组件，用于对阶梯轴的台阶位置处进行超声光整；An ultrasonic component, used for ultrasonic finishing of the step position of the stepped shaft; 毛刷组件，能够去除阶梯轴的倒角位置处的毛刺。The brush assembly can remove burrs at the chamfered position of the stepped shaft. 2.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述机身上设有移动装置，所述移动装置能够在所述机身上水平轴向移动；所述磨削组件、监测组件、超声组件和毛刷组件均分别设置于所述移动装置上。2. The stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a moving device is provided on the fuselage, and the moving device can move horizontally axially on the fuselage; the grinding component, monitoring component, ultrasonic component and brush component are respectively arranged on the moving device. 3.根据权利要求2所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述移动装置包括溜板箱，所述机身顶部开设有滑轨，所述溜板箱滑动设置于所述滑轨上，所述溜板箱一侧连接有驱动装置，所述驱动装置用于驱动所述溜板箱沿所述滑轨水平滑动。3. The stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the moving device includes a slide box, a slide rail is provided on the top of the fuselage, the slide box is slidably set on the slide rail, and a driving device is connected to one side of the slide box, and the driving device is used to drive the slide box to slide horizontally along the slide rail. 4.根据权利要求3所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述驱动装置包括活动设置于所述机身一侧的丝杠，所述丝杠一端传动连接有电机，所述丝杠上设有丝杠螺母，所述溜板箱一侧开设有内径大于所述丝杠外径的通孔，所述丝杠穿设于所述通孔内，且所述丝杠螺母与所述通孔内壁固定连接。4. The stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the driving device includes a screw movably arranged on one side of the fuselage, one end of the screw is transmission-connected to a motor, a screw nut is provided on the screw, a through hole with an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the screw is opened on one side of the slide box, the screw is inserted into the through hole, and the screw nut is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole. 5.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述阶梯轴定位组件包括固定设置于所述机身上的左顶尖支架和右顶尖支架，所述右顶尖支架上固定设有右顶尖，所述右顶尖用于与所述阶梯轴一端固定抵接；所述左顶尖支架上设有左顶尖模块，所述左顶尖模块一端用于与所述阶梯轴远离右顶尖的一端抵接，所述左顶尖模块另一端连接有传动模块，所述传动模块能够驱动所述左顶尖模块带动所述阶梯轴转动。5. The in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling and finishing device for stepped shaft grinding according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stepped shaft positioning assembly includes a left center point bracket and a right center point bracket fixedly arranged on the fuselage, the right center point bracket is fixedly provided with a right center point, and the right center point is used to fixedly abut against one end of the stepped shaft; the left center point bracket is provided with a left center point module, one end of the left center point module is used to abut against an end of the stepped shaft away from the right center point, and the other end of the left center point module is connected to a transmission module, and the transmission module can drive the left center point module to drive the stepped shaft to rotate. 6.根据权利要求5所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述左顶尖模块包括固定设置于所述左顶尖支架上的左顶尖，所述左顶尖一端开设有轴孔，另一端开设有与所述轴孔连通的锥形阶梯孔，所述轴孔内活动穿设有液压推杆，所述液压推杆一端连接有所述传动模块，另一端通过花键固定连接有锥顶，所述锥顶模块外侧对称设有两个锥形卡尖，所述锥形卡尖内侧的锥形槽与所述锥顶的锥形侧壁滑动接触，所述锥形卡尖末端位于所述阶梯轴一端的轴孔内，所述锥顶向靠近阶梯轴一侧移动，能够推动锥形卡尖向外做径向移动，进而卡紧阶梯轴的轴孔。6. The in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device for stepped shaft grinding according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the left top module includes a left top fixedly arranged on the left top bracket, one end of the left top is provided with an axial hole, and the other end is provided with a conical stepped hole connected with the axial hole, a hydraulic push rod is movably inserted in the axial hole, one end of the hydraulic push rod is connected to the transmission module, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cone top through a spline, two conical clamping tips are symmetrically provided on the outer side of the cone top module, the conical groove on the inner side of the conical clamping tip is in sliding contact with the conical side wall of the cone top, the end of the conical clamping tip is located in the axial hole at one end of the step shaft, and the cone top moves toward the side close to the step shaft, which can push the conical clamping tip to move radially outward, thereby clamping the axial hole of the step shaft. 7.根据权利要求6所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述传动模块包括液压缸，所述液压推杆一端与所述液压缸通过轴承连接，所述液压推杆靠近液压缸的一端通过闭合的皮带传动连接有推杆电机，所述推杆电机能够带动所述液压推杆转动，所述液压缸能够驱动所述液压推杆沿轴向水平移动。7. The stepped shaft grinding in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the transmission module includes a hydraulic cylinder, one end of the hydraulic push rod is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a bearing, and the end of the hydraulic push rod close to the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a push rod motor through a closed belt drive, the push rod motor can drive the hydraulic push rod to rotate, and the hydraulic cylinder can drive the hydraulic push rod to move horizontally along the axial direction. 8.根据权利要求3所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述磨削组件包括与所述溜板箱固定连接的砂轮安装架，所述砂轮安装架上滑动设有砂轮滑动块，所述砂轮滑动块靠近阶梯轴一侧固定设有砂轮支架，两个所述砂轮支架之间穿设有砂轮轴，所述砂轮轴上套设有粒度不同的多个所述砂轮，所述砂轮电机设置于所述砂轮支架外侧，所述砂轮滑动块能够沿所述阶梯轴径向移动；所述超声组件包括设置于所述溜板箱上的超声设备，所述超声设备外接有控制箱；所述监测组件包括设置于所述阶梯轴上方的投影装置，所述溜板箱上设有投影板，所述投影板上设有限位光栅，所述投影装置能够将所述阶梯轴直径大小投影到限位光栅处，并通过限位光栅将投影的阶梯轴直径大小信息传递至所述控制箱。8. The step shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the grinding assembly comprises a grinding wheel mounting frame fixedly connected to the slide box, a grinding wheel sliding block is slidably provided on the grinding wheel mounting frame, a grinding wheel bracket is fixedly provided on the grinding wheel sliding block close to the side of the step shaft, a grinding wheel shaft is passed through two of the grinding wheel brackets, a plurality of grinding wheels with different particle sizes are sleeved on the grinding wheel shaft, the grinding wheel motor is arranged on the outer side of the grinding wheel bracket, and the grinding wheel sliding block can move radially along the step shaft; the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic device arranged on the slide box, and the ultrasonic device is externally connected to a control box; the monitoring assembly comprises a projection device arranged above the step shaft, a projection board is provided on the slide box, and a limit grating is provided on the projection board, and the projection device can project the step shaft diameter onto the limit grating, and transmit the projected step shaft diameter information to the control box through the limit grating. 9.根据权利要求3所述的阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整装置，其特征在于：所述毛刷组件包括竖直设置于所述溜板箱上的毛刷支撑，所述毛刷支撑内侧开设有毛刷滑道，所述毛刷滑道内滑动设有毛刷连杆，所述毛刷连杆连接有连杆油缸，所述连杆油缸用于驱动所述毛刷连杆在所述滑道内上下滑动；所述毛刷连杆末端设有毛刷，所述毛刷传动连接有毛刷电机，所述毛刷电机用于驱动所述毛刷转动，所述毛刷尖端为三角形结构，所述毛刷尖端的三角形斜边与阶梯轴倒角的斜边尺寸、形状一致。9. The in-situ monitoring and compensating ultrasonic rolling finishing device for stepped shaft grinding according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the brush assembly includes a brush support vertically arranged on the slide box, a brush slide is opened on the inner side of the brush support, a brush connecting rod is slidably arranged in the brush slide, the brush connecting rod is connected to a connecting rod cylinder, and the connecting rod cylinder is used to drive the brush connecting rod to slide up and down in the slide; a brush is provided at the end of the brush connecting rod, and the brush transmission is connected to a brush motor, and the brush motor is used to drive the brush to rotate, and the tip of the brush is a triangular structure, and the triangular hypotenuse of the tip of the brush is consistent in size and shape with the hypotenuse of the chamfer of the stepped shaft. 10.阶梯轴磨削在位监测补偿超声滚压光整方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：10. A step shaft grinding in-situ monitoring compensation ultrasonic rolling finishing method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 步骤一，采用阶梯轴定位组件将阶梯轴固定于溜板箱上方；Step 1: Use a stepped shaft positioning assembly to fix the stepped shaft above the slide box; 步骤二，砂轮滑动块控制砂轮径向移动至设定切深，通过不同粒度的砂轮对阶梯轴磨削至设定切深，溜板箱带动砂轮轴向移动磨削阶梯轴的不同位置；Step 2: The grinding wheel sliding block controls the grinding wheel to move radially to the set cutting depth, and the step shaft is ground to the set cutting depth by grinding wheels of different grain sizes, and the slide box drives the grinding wheel to move axially to grind different positions of the step shaft; 步骤三，监测组件将阶梯轴的直径大小投影到限位光栅处，通过限位光栅将投影的阶梯轴直径大小信息传递给控制箱，由控制箱控制下一次砂轮的磨削深度，如果直径依然大于预定尺寸，则控制砂轮继续对阶梯轴进行磨削，直到达到预定直径时，开始超声光整工艺；超声组件发出的超声振幅为1μm，对阶梯轴依次超声光整；Step three: the monitoring component projects the diameter of the stepped shaft onto the limit grating, and transmits the projected stepped shaft diameter information to the control box through the limit grating. The control box controls the grinding depth of the grinding wheel for the next time. If the diameter is still greater than the predetermined size, the grinding wheel is controlled to continue grinding the stepped shaft until the predetermined diameter is reached, and then the ultrasonic finishing process is started; the ultrasonic amplitude emitted by the ultrasonic component is 1 μm, and the stepped shafts are ultrasonically finished in sequence; 步骤四，毛刷电机旋转带动毛刷转动，毛刷尖端对阶梯轴倒角处进行去毛刺工艺，毛刷与倒角数量一致，一次性完成去毛刺过程。Step 4: The brush motor rotates to drive the brush to rotate, and the tip of the brush deburrs the chamfered part of the stepped shaft. The number of brushes is consistent with the number of chamfers, and the deburring process is completed in one go.
CN202411288645.XA 2024-09-14 2024-09-14 Ultrasonic rolling finishing device and method for in-situ monitoring and compensation of stepped shaft grinding Pending CN119057607A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120134131A (en) * 2025-04-16 2025-06-13 杭州世宝汽车方向机有限公司 Input shaft grinding device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120134131A (en) * 2025-04-16 2025-06-13 杭州世宝汽车方向机有限公司 Input shaft grinding device
CN120134131B (en) * 2025-04-16 2025-11-25 杭州世宝汽车方向机有限公司 Input shaft grinding device

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